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{{Short description|Russian wrestling and martial arts researcher}}
{{Copy edit|date=September 2019}}

{{family name hatnote|Arkadyevich|Kharlampiyev|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
{{Infobox martial artist
{{Infobox martial artist
|name=Anatoly Kharlampiyev
|name= Anatoly Kharlampiyev
|image= Anatoly_Kharlampiev_and_Alfred_Karashchuk._1957..jpg
|image= Anatoly_Kharlampiev_and_Alfred_Karashchuk._1957..jpg
|alt=
|alt=
|caption= Training self-defense techniques, 1957, [[Moscow Power Engineering Institute]]
|caption= Training self-defense techniques, 1957, [[Moscow Power Engineering Institute]]
|birth_name=Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev
|birth_name= Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev
|birth_date={{Birth date|1906|10|29|df=yes}}
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1906|10|29|df=yes}}
|birth_place=[[Smolensk]], [[Russia]]
|birth_place= [[Smolensk]], [[Russian Empire]]
|death_date={{Death date and age|1979|04|16|1906|10|29|df=yes}}
|death_date= {{Death date and age|1979|04|16|1906|10|29|df=yes}}
|death_place= [[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]]
|death_place= [[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]]
|death_cause=
|death_cause=
|other_names=
|other_names=
|residence=
|residence=
|nationality=[[Russians|Russian]]
|nationality= [[Russians|Russian]]
| teacher = [[Vasili Oshchepkov]]
|teacher= [[Vasili Oshchepkov]]
|style=[[Sambo (martial art)|Sambo]]
|style= [[Sambo (martial art)|Sambo]]
|rank=[[Merited Master of Sports of the USSR]]
|rank= [[Merited Master of Sports of the USSR]]
}}
}}


'''Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev''' ({{lang-ru|Анато&#769;лий Арка&#769;дьевич Харла&#769;мпиев}}; 29 October 1906 – 16 April 1979) was a Russian researcher of various kinds of national wrestling and [[martial arts]], [[Merited Master of Sports of the USSR]] and Honored Coach of Sports of the USSR. He was one of the founders of [[Sambo (martial art)|Sambo]], a martial art developed in the Soviet Union.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rbth.com/arts/2013/11/28/sambo_wrestling_turns_75_31215|title=Sambo wrestling turns 75|date=November 28, 2013|website=Rbth.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaTfuuIlmqcC&pg=PA511&lpg=PA511&dq=Anatoly+Kharlampiyev+sambo&source=bl&ots=8xVDX_tb_w&sig=_y-EKY4TkyIme1yCEe7Q3pbHK2w&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iAveUv2xAY2VhQfczYHAAg&ved=0CHMQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Anatoly%20Kharlampiyev%20sambo&f=false |title=Martial Arts of the World: Regions and individual arts - Thomas A. Green, Joseph R. Svinth |page=511 |website=Books.google.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2014-02-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Andavolu |first=Krishna |url=http://fightland.vice.com/blog/sambos-gulag-past-and-mma-future |title=Sambo's Gulag Past and MMA Future &#124; FIGHTLAND |publisher=Fightland.vice.com |date=2013-02-04 |accessdate=2014-02-06}}</ref> Kharlampiyev worked as a physical education trainer at the [[Communist University of the Toilers of the East]], and also was a dedicated student of [[boxing]], having also studied [[fencing]], acrobatics, and mountaineering. In 1938, Kharlampiyev presented Sambo to the USSR All-Union Sports Committee, which recognized the martial art as an official sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/3/8/3990480/mma-origins-russian-revolution-history-of-mma-sambo-ufc-russia-combat-sambo/in/3333633 |title=MMA Origins: Russian Revolution |publisher=Bloody Elbow |date= |accessdate=2014-02-06}}</ref>
'''Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev''' ({{langx|ru|Анато&#769;лий Арка&#769;дьевич Харла&#769;мпиев}}; 29 October 1906 – 16 April 1979), was a Russian researcher of various kinds of national wrestling and [[martial arts]], [[Merited Master of Sports of the USSR]], and Honored Coach of Sports of the USSR. He was one of the founders of [[Sambo (martial art)|Sambo]], a martial art technique developed in the Soviet Union (his predecessors in the creation of Sambo were [[Viktor Spiridonov|Viktor Afanasyevich Spiridonov]] and [[Vasili Oshchepkov|Vasily Sergeyevich Oshchepkov]]).<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.rbth.com/arts/2013/11/28/sambo_wrestling_turns_75_31215|title=Sambo wrestling turns 75|date=November 28, 2013|website=Rbth.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaTfuuIlmqcC&q=Anatoly+Kharlampiyev+sambo&pg=PA511 |title=Martial Arts of the World: Regions and individual arts - Thomas A. Green, Joseph R. Svinth |page=511 |isbn=9781598842432 |accessdate=2014-02-06|last1=Green |first1=Thomas A. |last2=Svinth |first2=Joseph R. |year=2010 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Andavolu |first=Krishna |url=http://fightland.vice.com/blog/sambos-gulag-past-and-mma-future |title=Sambo's Gulag Past and MMA Future &#124; FIGHTLAND |publisher=Fightland.vice.com |date=2013-02-04 |accessdate=2014-02-06 |archive-date=2013-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211130806/http://fightland.vice.com/blog/sambos-gulag-past-and-mma-future |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Kharlampiyev worked as a physical education trainer at the [[Communist University of the Toilers of the East]], and also was a student of [[boxing]], [[fencing]], [[acrobatics]], and [[mountaineering]]. In 1938, Kharlampiyev presented Sambo to the USSR All-Union Sports Committee, which recognized the martial art as an official sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2013/3/8/3990480/mma-origins-russian-revolution-history-of-mma-sambo-ufc-russia-combat-sambo/in/3333633 |title=MMA Origins: Russian Revolution |publisher=Bloody Elbow |date= |accessdate=2014-02-06}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
Kharlampiyev's grandfather, Georgy Yakovlevich Kharlampiyev, was a gymnast and boxer. For many years, he collected, studied, and classified various techniques of hand-to-hand combat and self-defense.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vipv.ru/borba-sambo/stranitcy-raritetnykh-izdanii-volnaia-borba-n-m-galkovskogo |title=Страницы раритетных изданий. "Вольная борьба" Н.М. Галковского - Портал |publisher=Vipv.ru |date= |accessdate=2020-04-05}}</ref><ref>[http://www.mountain.ru/article/article_display1.php?article_id=6277 Харлампиевы: гимнасты, боксёры, борцы, кулачные бойцы и даже - альпинисты]</ref>
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2019}}
Kharlampiev's grandfather, Georgy Yakovlevich Kharlampiev, was a gymnast and a fist fighter. For many years, he collected, studied, and classified various techniques of hand-to-hand combat, combat and self-defense.


Kharlampiev's father, Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiev (1888-1936), graduated with honors from the Academy of Arts and was sent to Paris at the state's expense to continue his studies. After a while, because of a lack of funds to continue his studies, he began to fight in a professional European boxing ring. He soon became the champion of France, and then Europe (in the absolute category). Returning to Russia, Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiev began to popularize boxing. He is considered one of the founders of the Russian boxing school.
Kharlampiyev's father, Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiyev (1888-1936), graduated with honors from the [[Imperial Academy of Arts]] and was sent to Paris at the state's expense to continue his studies. After a while, due to lack of funds to continue his studies, he began to fight in a professional European boxing ring. He soon became the champion of France, and then Europe (in the absolute category). After that he returned to Russia to begin making boxing popular. He was considered one of the founders of the Russian boxing school.


From his early childhood, Kharlampiev was trained by his grandfather and father. At the age of six, he acted in the room of aerial gymnasts under the dome of the circus.{{Awkward|reason=|date=September 2019}} At 16, he was already a versatile athlete and a well-trained wrestler and boxer.
From his early childhood, Kharlampiyev was trained by his grandfather and father. At the age of six, he acted in a group of aerial acrobats in a circus. By 16, he had already become a versatile athlete and a well-trained wrestler and boxer.


==Creating Sambo==
==Sambo==
Kharlampiev dedicated his life to the creation and development of a new application of the sport - Sambo. At the beginning of 1920, he began to collect and systematize national games containing methods of struggle, and in 1934 to describe and classify sports and fighting techniques. In 1936 he graduated from the [[Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism]] (Department of [[Judo]] directed by [[Vasili Oshchepkov]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i9oDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA99&dq=Anatoly+Kharlampiyev&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiOkcbfl7LkAhUdURUIHauaAjQQ6AEIMTAB#v=onepage&q=Anatoly+Kharlampiyev&f=true|title=Black Belt|page=99|date=February 2, 1998|publisher=Active Interest Media, Inc.|via=Google Books}}</ref>
Kharlampiyev dedicated his life to the creation and development of a new application martial arts – Sambo. At the beginning of 1920, he began to collect and systemize national games containing methods of combat, and in 1934 to describe and classify sports and fighting techniques. In 1936, he graduated from the [[Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism]] (Department of [[Judo]] directed by [[Vasili Oshchepkov]]).<ref>{{cite web|title=Russian Sambo: Is This Eclectic Martial Art What America Needs for Self Defense|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i9oDAAAAMBAJ&q=Anatoly+Kharlampiyev&pg=PA99|last=Anderson|first=Scott|date=February 2, 1998|website=[[Black Belt Magazine]]|publisher=[[Active Interest Media]], Inc.|page=99|via=[[Google Books]]|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>


Starting in 1935, Kharlampiev led training in Judo at the Moscow Palace of Sports "Wings of the Soviets". From 1945 to 1952, he worked as a senior manager of the Central "Dynamo" Council. From 1953 on, he was Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education.{{Clarify|reason=|date=September 2019}}
Starting in 1935, Kharlampiyev led [[judo]] training at the Moscow Palace of Sports, known as the "Wings of the Soviets". From 1945 to 1952, he worked as the senior manager of the Central "Dynamo" Council. From 1953 on, he was Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education (in Moscow Power Engineering Institute).


⚫
Kharlampiyev created the Sambo system including a sports subsystem (which is the foundation). Sambo is commonly practiced by the Soviet, and later Russian, militaries (which was seen as the target application).<ref name="auto"/> The sport subsystem eventually became known as Sambo Wrestling (or simply Sambo), and the combat form as Combat Sambo.
His predecessors in the creation of a new national wrestling clothing (including the most effective means of other forms of struggle) were [[Viktor Spiridonov]] and [[Vasili Oshchepkov]].{{Awkward|reason=|date=September 2019}}


⚫
By creating the system of Sambo, Anatoly Kharlampiyev carefully studied judo and mastered it in practice (under the direction of Vasili Oshchepkov). In the Sambo system, he saw a new kind of martial arts, enriched with the most effective techniques of other kinds of combat.
⚫
Kharlampiev created the Sambo system including a sports subsystem (which is the foundation). Sambo is also commonly practiced by the Soviet, and later Russian, militaries (which was seen as the target application).<ref name="auto"/>{{Clarify|reason=|date=September 2019}} The sport subsystem eventually became known as Sambo Wrestling (or simply Sambo), and the combat form as Combat Sambo. Foundations Sambo Kharlampiev system paid special attention, did everything possible for the development of Sambo as a mass sport. He was convinced that only a well-mastered wrestling Sambo can be successful in combat sambo.


⚫
During his years as physical training instructor at the [[Communist University of the Toilers of the East]] (TAS) and the International Society of red stadium builders (OSMKS), Kharlampiyev continued to study different kinds of martial arts.
⚫
By creating a system of Sambo, Anatoly Kharlampiev carefully studied judo and mastered it in practice. In judo, he saw evidence of a new type of combat clothing, enriched with the most effective techniques of other forms of struggle. Judo he mastered under the direction of Vasili Oshchepkov that during long-term stay in Japan practiced in [[Kodokan Judo]] school.


⚫
Comprehension of the essence of the struggle (both science and art) assisted learning techniques and tactics of fights from outstanding fighters ([[Ivan Poddubny]], Klimenty Buhl et al.).
⚫
During the years of physical training instructor at the [[Communist University of the Toilers of the East]] (TAS) and the International Society of red stadium builders (OSMKS), Anatoly Kharlampiev continued to study different kinds of combat.


⚫
For a number of years Kharlampiyev traveled to the Central Asian and Caucasus republics for the study of national kinds of combat. He studied and systematized techniques and training methods. He took part in the competitions. With a body weight of 72&nbsp;kg, he sometimes beat heavyweights. The 1983 film ''Invincible'' was based on these journeys, and the character "Andrei Khromov" was based on Kharlampiyev. His role was played by [[Andrei Rostotsky]].
The Communist University of the Toilers of the East has gathered many professional revolutionaries from Asia (China, Mongolia, and others.). Some of them are good possessed techniques of martial arts, and Anatoly Kharlampiev did not miss any opportunity to learn in practice (in a fight or show) new techniques for themselves struggle. In his arsenal have been Fight and machinery British boxing, and fencing equipment. The development of new techniques facilitated by the fact that he was a good climber and acrobat.


==World War II==
⚫
Comprehension of the essence of the struggle (both science and art) assisted learning techniques and tactics of fights outstanding fighters ([[Ivan Poddubny]], Klimenty Buhl et al.).
⚫
The development of a new kind of wrestling was halted by [[World War II]] when Anatoly Kharlampiyev volunteered and was sent to the front in the Red Army on July 7, 1941. Since September 1941 he was with the 18th Infantry Division of the Leningradsky district of Moscow.

⚫
For a number of years Kharlampiev annually traveled to the Central Asian and Caucasus republics for the study of national kinds of struggle. He studied and systematized techniques and training methods. He took part in the competitions. With a body weight of 72&nbsp;kg and sometimes beaten heavyweights. The 1983 film ''Invincible'' was based on these journeys, and the character "Andrei Khromov" was based on Kharlampiev.

===Official recognition of the Soviet Union a new kind of wrestling clothing===
Largely through the efforts of Kharlampiev created by him and his predecessors - [[Viktor Spiridonov]] and [[Vasili Oshchepkov]] - a new uniform in 1938 was officially recognized as a sport of the USSR with important military significance.<ref>{{cite book|author=Robert Hill|title=World of Martial Arts !|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=1Ze0-x2ROuQC&pg=PT87&lpg=PT87&dq=Anatoly+Kharlampiev&source=bl&ots=7o5BUqzWQ6&sig=h6edUMvjvDuDqt3-c-nvzh9Kn6s&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiO_b6vn4DTAhXJD8AKHdoKAa84ChDoAQg-MAU#v=onepage&q=Anatoly%20Kharlampiev&f=false|year=2010|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn= 978-0-557-01663-1}}</ref>

In 1938, the first collection of coaches struggle in the clothes. Senior coach of the participants of this gathering was appointed Anatoly Kharlampiev. Collect completed the All-Union Conference. The morning session (5 July 1938) heard a report by Anatoly Kharlampiev "Fundamentals of the Soviet fight freestyle", and in the evening - it is a report "On the taxonomy of the Soviet freestyle grappling".

The research results presented Anatoly Kharlampiev in its reports were discussed and approved. The prepared materials (containing the description of the terminology, techniques and technology of their preparation and conduct, rules of competition and methods of teaching it), it was recommended immediately and widely used as a basis for teaching aids.

These materials have become the core of methodological support of the formation of a new kind of grappling, and the documented historical basis of the order No. 633 ( "On the development of the struggle for a freestyle") All-Union Committee for Physical Education and Sport.

In November 16, 1938, the Physical Education and Sports Union Committee issued an order number 633 "On the development of the struggle for a freestyle." It began its intensive cultivation to make mass sport. From 28–29 November 1938, the first official competitions were held. They were held in [[Baku]] (in the "Dinamo" Sports Palace).

Anatoly Harlampiev then took second place in the middleweight (79&nbsp;kg), and his student [[Evgeny Chumakov]] won the flyweight (56&nbsp;kg).

In 1939, the first championship of the Soviet Union [3], on which Eugene Chumakov became the champion in the featherweight division.

==The Great Patriotic War==
⚫
The development of a new kind of wrestling was halted by [[World War II]] when Anatoly Kharlampiev volunteered and was sent to the front in the Red Army on July 7, 1941. Since September 1941 he was with the 18th Infantry Division of the Leningrad region of Moscow.

Candidate member of the CPSU (b) since February 1944.

Armed Forces Order of the [[50th Army (Soviet Union)|50th Army]] of the [[2nd Belorussian Front]] number: 416 on: 18.06.1944, the senior methodologist cabinet physiotherapy GAR 183 Senior Lieutenant Administrative Service Kharlampiev was awarded the medal "For Service in Battle" for teaching skills to protect the wounded and the attack, close combat, ski equipment and drawing up of a number of systems for the treatment of a variety of functions.


==After the war==
==After the war==
After the war, Anatoly Kharlampiev stepped up his activities on the development and spreading of a new kind of wrestling. Since 1947, the holding of the USSR championships continued.
After the war, Anatoly Kharlampiyev stepped up his activities on the development and spreading of a new kind of wrestling. Since 1947, the holding of the USSR championships continued.


In 1947, the Second All-Union gathering of trainers was held on the initiative of Anatoly Kharlampiev. On it was decided a new type of combat clothing, cultivated in the Soviet Union, called Sambo (abbr. From the "self-defense without weapons"). At the same assembly, it was decided to create a Federation of Sambo.
In 1947, the Second All-Union gathering of trainers was held on the initiative of Kharlampiyev. During this conference it was decided that the new kind of combat wrestling, cultivated in the Soviet Union would be called Sambo (abbr. from the "self-defense without weapons"). At the same assembly, it was decided to create a Federation of Sambo.


Competitions of Sambo became a regular occurrence in the cities, regions and republics of the Soviet Union. It began publication of educational materials for Sambo. Sports and educational work with young people, young people and security forces in the sections Sambo, which was held by Anatoly Abramovich (head coach of the anti DSO "Wings of the Soviets" (Moscow); senior "Dynamo" CA coach (1945-1952)) and his companions, He boosted the number involved in the fight Sambo in the USSR.
Sambo competitions became a regular occurrence in the cities, regions and republics of the Soviet Union. Anatoly Kharlampiyev began publication of educational materials for Sambo. Sports and educational work with young people and security forces in the sections Sambo, which was held by Anatoly Arkadyevich (head coach of the "Krylia Sovetov" Sports Society; senior coach of the "Dynamo" Sports Society (1945-1952, Moscow) and his companions, rapidly increased the number of Sambo wrestlers in the USSR.


In those years, Anatoly Kharlampiev may have been one of the most prolific coaches Sambo.
In those years, Anatoly Kharlampiyev may have been one of the most prolific Sambo coaches.


⚫
In 1953, Kharlampiyev became Associate Professor of [[Moscow Power Engineering Institute]] (MPEI). Since that time, Sambo began to spread to universities in Moscow and other cities of the USSR.
Not only because of his pupils became masters and champions of the USSR. Pupil A. Kharlampiev - talented coach Eugene Chumakov - by the 1960s produced in his "SKIFovskoy forge" greater Soviet champions than any trainer on Sambo those years.

⚫
In 1953, Kharlampiev became Associate Professor of [[Moscow Power Engineering Institute]] (MPEI). Since that time, the struggle of Sambo began to spread in universities in Moscow and other cities of the USSR. According to the memoirs Ilyin Vladimir Dmitrievich, MPEI graduate, doctor of technical sciences, professor; student Anatoly Kharlampiev from 1954 to 1961.

1958 USSR Championship in Minsk students Kharlampiev AA first became champions of the USSR Sambo Vadim Izbekov - at a weight of 56&nbsp;kg, and Alfred Karashchuk - up to 77&nbsp;kg. Yuri Z won the silver medal in the weight category up to 85&nbsp;kg.

==Pupils==
During his time at MPEI, Anatoly Kharlampiev prepared dozens of Masters of Sports in Sambo. Among them were the graduates of MPEI: three-time USSR champion middleweight champion Alfred Karashchuk, USSR champion in flyweight champion Vadim Izbekov, silver and bronze medalist of the USSR championship in the light heavyweight champion Yuri Z, bronze medalist Viktor Golyakov, and the very first in the MPEI Master of Sports in Sambo (in 1956) was Anatoly Pydrin.

Coach business Harlampiev continue his disciples. Among them was Valery Volostnych, Master of Sports in Sambo and Judo, honored coach of Russia, Professor of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Dept, who trained masters of international class, Champions in Combat Sambo.


==Death==
==Death==
Line 94: Line 63:


==Memory==
==Memory==
The first All-Union tournament in Combat Sambo in memory of Anatoly Kharlampiev held in Moscow's universal gym "Friendship" on 10–11 October 1980. Since 1982, these events have become international.
The first All-Union tournament in Sambo in memory of Anatoly Kharlampiyev was held in Moscow's universal gym "Friendship" on 10–11 October 1980. Since 1982, these events have become international.


==References==
==References==
Line 104: Line 73:
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:People from Smolensk]]
⚫
[[Category:Soviet martial artists]]
⚫
[[Category:Russian sambo practitioners]]
[[Category:Russian inventors]]
[[Category:Martial arts school founders]]
[[Category:Martial arts school founders]]
[[Category:20th-century inventors]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Smolensk]]
⚫
[[Category:Russian sambo practitioners]]
⚫
[[Category:Soviet martial artists]]
[[Category:20th-century philanthropists]]
⚫
[[Category:Soviet inventors]]
[[Category:Soviet military personnel of World War II]]

Latest revision as of 19:53, 4 November 2024

In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Arkadyevich and the family name is Kharlampiyev.
Anatoly Kharlampiyev
Training self-defense techniques, 1957, Moscow Power Engineering Institute
BornAnatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev
(1906-10-29)29 October 1906
Smolensk, Russian Empire
Died16 April 1979(1979-04-16) (aged 72)
Moscow, Soviet Union
NationalityRussian
StyleSambo
Teacher(s)Vasili Oshchepkov
RankMerited Master of Sports of the USSR

Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiyev (Russian: Анато́лий Арка́дьевич Харла́мпиев; 29 October 1906 – 16 April 1979), was a Russian researcher of various kinds of national wrestling and martial arts, Merited Master of Sports of the USSR, and Honored Coach of Sports of the USSR. He was one of the founders of Sambo, a martial art technique developed in the Soviet Union (his predecessors in the creation of Sambo were Viktor Afanasyevich Spiridonov and Vasily Sergeyevich Oshchepkov).[1][2][3] Kharlampiyev worked as a physical education trainer at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East, and also was a student of boxing, fencing, acrobatics, and mountaineering. In 1938, Kharlampiyev presented Sambo to the USSR All-Union Sports Committee, which recognized the martial art as an official sport.[4]

Biography

[edit]

Kharlampiyev's grandfather, Georgy Yakovlevich Kharlampiyev, was a gymnast and boxer. For many years, he collected, studied, and classified various techniques of hand-to-hand combat and self-defense.[5][6]

Kharlampiyev's father, Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiyev (1888-1936), graduated with honors from the Imperial Academy of Arts and was sent to Paris at the state's expense to continue his studies. After a while, due to lack of funds to continue his studies, he began to fight in a professional European boxing ring. He soon became the champion of France, and then Europe (in the absolute category). After that he returned to Russia to begin making boxing popular. He was considered one of the founders of the Russian boxing school.

From his early childhood, Kharlampiyev was trained by his grandfather and father. At the age of six, he acted in a group of aerial acrobats in a circus. By 16, he had already become a versatile athlete and a well-trained wrestler and boxer.

Sambo

[edit]

Kharlampiyev dedicated his life to the creation and development of a new application martial arts – Sambo. At the beginning of 1920, he began to collect and systemize national games containing methods of combat, and in 1934 to describe and classify sports and fighting techniques. In 1936, he graduated from the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism (Department of Judo directed by Vasili Oshchepkov).[7]

Starting in 1935, Kharlampiyev led judo training at the Moscow Palace of Sports, known as the "Wings of the Soviets". From 1945 to 1952, he worked as the senior manager of the Central "Dynamo" Council. From 1953 on, he was Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education (in Moscow Power Engineering Institute).

Kharlampiyev created the Sambo system including a sports subsystem (which is the foundation). Sambo is commonly practiced by the Soviet, and later Russian, militaries (which was seen as the target application).[1] The sport subsystem eventually became known as Sambo Wrestling (or simply Sambo), and the combat form as Combat Sambo.

By creating the system of Sambo, Anatoly Kharlampiyev carefully studied judo and mastered it in practice (under the direction of Vasili Oshchepkov). In the Sambo system, he saw a new kind of martial arts, enriched with the most effective techniques of other kinds of combat.

During his years as physical training instructor at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East (TAS) and the International Society of red stadium builders (OSMKS), Kharlampiyev continued to study different kinds of martial arts.

Comprehension of the essence of the struggle (both science and art) assisted learning techniques and tactics of fights from outstanding fighters (Ivan Poddubny, Klimenty Buhl et al.).

For a number of years Kharlampiyev traveled to the Central Asian and Caucasus republics for the study of national kinds of combat. He studied and systematized techniques and training methods. He took part in the competitions. With a body weight of 72 kg, he sometimes beat heavyweights. The 1983 film Invincible was based on these journeys, and the character "Andrei Khromov" was based on Kharlampiyev. His role was played by Andrei Rostotsky.

World War II

[edit]

The development of a new kind of wrestling was halted by World War II when Anatoly Kharlampiyev volunteered and was sent to the front in the Red Army on July 7, 1941. Since September 1941 he was with the 18th Infantry Division of the Leningradsky district of Moscow.

After the war

[edit]

After the war, Anatoly Kharlampiyev stepped up his activities on the development and spreading of a new kind of wrestling. Since 1947, the holding of the USSR championships continued.

In 1947, the Second All-Union gathering of trainers was held on the initiative of Kharlampiyev. During this conference it was decided that the new kind of combat wrestling, cultivated in the Soviet Union would be called Sambo (abbr. from the "self-defense without weapons"). At the same assembly, it was decided to create a Federation of Sambo.

Sambo competitions became a regular occurrence in the cities, regions and republics of the Soviet Union. Anatoly Kharlampiyev began publication of educational materials for Sambo. Sports and educational work with young people and security forces in the sections Sambo, which was held by Anatoly Arkadyevich (head coach of the "Krylia Sovetov" Sports Society; senior coach of the "Dynamo" Sports Society (1945-1952, Moscow) and his companions, rapidly increased the number of Sambo wrestlers in the USSR.

In those years, Anatoly Kharlampiyev may have been one of the most prolific Sambo coaches.

In 1953, Kharlampiyev became Associate Professor of Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI). Since that time, Sambo began to spread to universities in Moscow and other cities of the USSR.

Death

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Kharlampiyev died on April 16, 1979.

Memory

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The first All-Union tournament in Sambo in memory of Anatoly Kharlampiyev was held in Moscow's universal gym "Friendship" on 10–11 October 1980. Since 1982, these events have become international.

References

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  1. ^ a b "Sambo wrestling turns 75". Rbth.com. November 28, 2013.
  2. ^ Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R. (2010). Martial Arts of the World: Regions and individual arts - Thomas A. Green, Joseph R. Svinth. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 511. ISBN 9781598842432. Retrieved 2014-02-06.
  3. ^ Andavolu, Krishna (2013-02-04). "Sambo's Gulag Past and MMA Future | FIGHTLAND". Fightland.vice.com. Archived from the original on 2013-02-11. Retrieved 2014-02-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ "MMA Origins: Russian Revolution". Bloody Elbow. Retrieved 2014-02-06.
  5. ^ "Страницы раритетных изданий. "Вольная борьба" Н.М. Галковского - Портал". Vipv.ru. Retrieved 2020-04-05.
  6. ^ Харлампиевы: гимнасты, боксёры, борцы, кулачные бойцы и даже - альпинисты
  7. ^ Anderson, Scott (February 2, 1998). "Russian Sambo: Is This Eclectic Martial Art What America Needs for Self Defense". Black Belt Magazine. Active Interest Media, Inc. p. 99 – via Google Books.
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