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{{short description|American model, environmental activist, author and entrepreneur}}
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{{Infobox model
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| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1984|6}}
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| birth_place = [[Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
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'''Summer Rayne Oakes''' (born June 1984) is an [[Americans|American]] [[fashion model]], [[environmental movement|environmental activist]], author, adoptive mother of Kippee the hen, and entrepreneur, known as the world's first "[[environmental movement|eco-model]]".<ref name="Grist"/>
'''Summer Rayne Oakes''' (born June 1982) is an American [[fashion model]], [[environmental movement|environmental activist]], author, and entrepreneur, known as the world's first "[[environmental movement|eco-model]]".<ref name="Grist"/> Oakes grew up in rural Pennsylvania, where her concern for the environment began early. She studied ecology in college, where she noticed that scientific papers on the environment received much less attention than popular media. She became a model in New York City, and insisted on only modeling clothing made from organic or recycled materials. These principles cost her work, but gained her notice and the title of world's first "eco-model".

Besides modeling, Oakes has worked as a writer and editor for fashion magazine ''[[Lucire]]'', as a television reporter for environmental network [[Planet Green]], and has written three books: ''Style, Naturally'', a shopping guide to eco-friendly fashion and beauty products; ''SugarDetoxMe'', a book of recipes to remove free sugars; and ''How to Make a Plant Love You'' on raising plants in an [[urban homestead]]. She also co-founded an award-winning web site, Le Souk, formerly Source4Style, which connects environmentally conscious fashion designers to ecologically friendly fabric producers. She lives in a loft apartment in Brooklyn which she has filled with over 1100 plants, and formerly a pet chicken, who has now passed.


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Oakes was named Summer Rayne due to being born during a downpour in June 1984.<ref name="T">{{cite news|url=https://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/05/04/going-green-for-summer/|title=Going Green for Summer|last=Heyman|first=Stephen|date=May 4, 2010|work=[[T: The New York Times Style Magazine]]|accessdate=February 7, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/new-yorkers-celebs-giving-kids-unique-names-article-1.1912246|title=New Yorkers love having unique names... until a celebrity copies them|last=Pesce|first=Nicole Lyn|date=August 24, 2014|work=[[New York Daily News]]|accessdate=February 8, 2018}}</ref> She grew up in [[Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania]],<ref name="NY Post">{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2016/07/24/model-crams-her-brooklyn-loft-with-more-than-500-plants/|title=Inside the concrete jungle's secret garden|last=Licea|first=Melkorkea|date=July 24, 2016|work=[[New York Post]]|accessdate=February 7, 2018}}</ref> a town {{convert|20|mi}} north of [[Scranton]].
Oakes was named Summer Rayne due to being born during a downpour in June 1982.<ref name="T">{{cite news|url=https://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/05/04/going-green-for-summer/|title=Going Green for Summer|last=Heyman|first=Stephen|date=May 4, 2010|work=[[T: The New York Times Style Magazine]]|accessdate=February 7, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/new-yorkers-celebs-giving-kids-unique-names-article-1.1912246|title=New Yorkers love having unique names... until a celebrity copies them|last=Pesce|first=Nicole Lyn|date=August 24, 2014|work=[[New York Daily News]]|accessdate=February 8, 2018}}</ref>


Oakes's concern for the environment began early: while growing up, she would post photographs of appliances and dead animals left alongside local roads, hoping to shame the owners into removing their litter.<ref name="Grist">{{cite web|url=http://grist.org/article/sabel/|title=Meet the eco-model who's changing the face of fashion|last=Sabel|first=Mike|date=September 8, 2006|work=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> While she attended [[Lakeland School District (Pennsylvania)|Lakeland High School]],<ref name="Scranton Times-Tribune">{{cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323065334/http://www.thetimes-tribune.com/articles/2005/08/19/local_news/15063734.txt|url=http://www.thetimes-tribune.com/articles/2005/08/19/local_news/15063734.txt|archivedate=2009-03-23|title=Model's roots in NEPA's trees|department=Namedropper|last=Bonifanti|first=Terry|date=August 19, 2005|work=[[The Scranton Times-Tribune]]|accessdate=February 8, 2018}}</ref> she also worked at the [[Lackawanna County]] Conservation District [[biosolids]] program, which applied treated [[sewage sludge]] onto farmland.<ref name="Grist"/> After graduating, Oakes earned scholarships, including a [[Udall Scholarship]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Segelken |first1=Roger |title=Two Cornell undergraduates are awarded Udall Scholarships |url=http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2003/05/two-cornell-undergraduates-are-awarded-udall-scholarships |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=Cornell Chronicle |publisher=[[Cornell University]] |date=May 1, 2003 |language=en}}</ref> to [[Cornell University]], where she studied natural resources, ecology, and [[entomology]]. There she jointly published two papers on sludge toxicity and contaminants,<ref name="Grist"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.loe.org/shows/segments.html?programID=06-P13-00048&segmentID=7/|title=Green Fashionista|last=Gellerman|first=Bruce|date=December 1, 2006|work=[[Living on Earth]]|publisher=[[Public Radio International]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> but she was frustrated by how she couldn't communicate the relevance of her work beyond a narrow audience of scientists, and noticed how much more attention advertising and media received.<ref name="Grist"/><ref name="Scranton Times-Tribune"/>
Oakes's concern for the environment began early: while growing up, she would post photographs of appliances and dead animals left alongside local roads, hoping to shame the owners into removing their litter.<ref name="Grist">{{cite web|url=http://grist.org/article/sabel/|title=Meet the eco-model who's changing the face of fashion|last=Sabel|first=Mike|date=September 8, 2006|work=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> While she attended [[Lakeland School District (Pennsylvania)|Lakeland High School]],<ref name="Scranton Times-Tribune">{{cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323065334/http://www.thetimes-tribune.com/articles/2005/08/19/local_news/15063734.txt|url=http://www.thetimes-tribune.com/articles/2005/08/19/local_news/15063734.txt|archivedate=2009-03-23|title=Model's roots in NEPA's trees|department=Namedropper|last=Bonifanti|first=Terry|date=August 19, 2005|work=[[The Scranton Times-Tribune]]|accessdate=February 8, 2018}}</ref> she also worked at the [[Lackawanna County]] Conservation District [[biosolids]] program, which applied treated [[sewage sludge]] onto farmland.<ref name="Grist"/> After graduating, Oakes earned scholarships, including a [[Udall Scholarship]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Segelken |first1=Roger |title=Two Cornell undergraduates are awarded Udall Scholarships |url=http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2003/05/two-cornell-undergraduates-are-awarded-udall-scholarships |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=Cornell Chronicle |publisher=[[Cornell University]] |date=May 1, 2003 |language=en}}</ref> to [[Cornell University]], where she studied natural resources, ecology, and [[entomology]]. There she jointly published two papers on sludge toxicity and contaminants,<ref name="Grist"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.loe.org/shows/segments.html?programID=06-P13-00048&segmentID=7/|title=Green Fashionista|last=Gellerman|first=Bruce|date=December 1, 2006|work=[[Living on Earth]]|publisher=[[Public Radio International]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> but she was frustrated by how she couldn't communicate the relevance of her work beyond a narrow audience of scientists, and noticed how much more attention advertising and media received.<ref name="Grist"/><ref name="Scranton Times-Tribune"/>
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=== Writer ===
=== Writer ===
[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes holding SugarDetoxMe.webp|thumb|Oakes holding her book ''SugarDetoxMe'' in her plant-covered apartment, in 2017]]
[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes holding SugarDetoxMe.webp|thumb|Oakes holding her book ''SugarDetoxMe'' in her plant-covered apartment, in 2017]]
Oakes was interviewed in [[New Zealand]] fashion magazine ''[[Lucire]]'' in April 2005. She went on to write for the magazine, starting with "Behind the Label", a series of articles on ethical and sustainable fashion designers. Oakes became ''Lucire''{{'}}s acting editor for two issues in 2006, then US editor in 2007, and editor-at-large since then, contributing stories on body image, fair trade, and trends in sustainable design.<ref name=Yan /><ref>
Oakes was interviewed in [[New Zealand]] fashion magazine ''[[Lucire]]'' in April 2005. She went on to write for the magazine, starting with "Behind the Label", a series of articles on ethical and [[sustainable fashion]] designers. Oakes became ''Lucire''{{'}}s acting editor for two issues in 2006, then US editor in 2007, and editor-at-large since then, contributing stories on body image, fair trade, and trends in sustainable design.<ref name=Yan /><ref>
*{{cite news |last1=Lucire staff |title=2005: Summer Rayne Oakes's first appearance in Lucire |url=http://lucire.com/insider/20080406/2005-summer-rayne-oakess-rst-appearance-in-lucire/#jpfmxGhiXPotzqfh.97 |accessdate=February 9, 2019 |work=[[Lucire]] |date=April 6, 2008}}
*{{cite news |last1=Lucire staff |title=2005: Summer Rayne Oakes's first appearance in Lucire |url=http://lucire.com/insider/20080406/2005-summer-rayne-oakess-rst-appearance-in-lucire/#jpfmxGhiXPotzqfh.97 |accessdate=February 9, 2019 |work=[[Lucire]] |date=April 6, 2008}}
*{{cite web |last1=Oakes |first1=Summer Rayne |title=Lucire |url=http://www.summerrayne.net/lucire/ |accessdate=February 9, 2019}}</ref> She hosted the 2007 season of Singapore-based environmental television program [[Eco 4 the World]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schults |first1=Chris |title=Summer Rayne Oakes hosts new television show |url=https://grist.org/article/eco-4-the-world/ |website=Grist |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |language=en |date=April 26, 2006}}</ref>
*{{cite web |last1=Oakes |first1=Summer Rayne |title=Lucire |url=http://www.summerrayne.net/lucire/ |accessdate=February 9, 2019}}</ref> She hosted the 2007 season of Singapore-based environmental television program [[Eco 4 the World]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schults |first1=Chris |title=Summer Rayne Oakes hosts new television show |url=https://grist.org/article/eco-4-the-world/ |website=Grist |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |language=en |date=April 26, 2006}}</ref>


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[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes teaching at community garden.jpg|thumb|Oakes teaching at a New York City community garden, in 2018]]
[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes teaching at community garden.jpg|thumb|Oakes teaching at a New York City community garden, in 2018]]
Oakes's third book, ''How to Make a Plant Love You: Cultivating Your Personal Green Space'', scheduled for July 2019, grew out of her experiences with the hundreds of plants she cultivated in her apartment and is accompanied by a website "Homestead Brooklyn", a [[YouTube]] series "Plant One On Me", and an online course "Houseplant Masterclass".<ref name="Green">{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Penelope |title=Meet the Plantfluencers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/08/style/08SILL.html |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 8, 2018}} Also published as {{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Penelope |title=How millennial 'plant influencers' are creating their own urban jungles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/design/millennials-plants-instagram-influencers-social-media-horticulture-a8629616.html |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=December 4, 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Upadhayaya |first1=Venus |title=Woman Takes a Greener Path, Grows Career and Life out of a Forest in Her Apartment |url=https://www.theepochtimes.com/woman-takes-a-greener-path-grows-career-and-life-out-of-a-forest-in-her-apartment_2791150.html |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=[[The Epoch Times]] |date=February 8, 2019}}</ref>
Oakes's third book, ''How to Make a Plant Love You: Cultivating Your Personal Green Space'', scheduled for July 2019, grew out of her experiences with the hundreds of plants she cultivated in her apartment and is accompanied by a website "Homestead Brooklyn", a [[YouTube]] series "Plant One On Me", and an online course "Houseplant Masterclass".<ref name="Green">{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Penelope |title=Meet the Plantfluencers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/08/style/08SILL.html |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 8, 2018}} Also published as {{cite news |last1=Green |first1=Penelope |title=How millennial 'plant influencers' are creating their own urban jungles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/design/millennials-plants-instagram-influencers-social-media-horticulture-a8629616.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/design/millennials-plants-instagram-influencers-social-media-horticulture-a8629616.html |archive-date=May 25, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |accessdate=May 11, 2019 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=December 4, 2018 |language=en}}</ref>


=== Entrepreneur ===
=== Entrepreneur ===
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== Home ==
== Home ==
[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes and Kippee, transplanting potted plant.jpg|thumb|Oakes and Kippee, repotting a [[Monstera]] in her home, in 2018]]
[[File:Summer Rayne Oakes and Kippee, transplanting potted plant.jpg|thumb|Oakes and Kippee, repotting a [[Rhaphidophora]] in her home, in 2018]]
Since 2005, Oakes has lived in a {{convert|1200|sqft|sqm|adj=on}} [[loft apartment]] in [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn]], which she has filled with plants: over 500 plants by 2016, and 670 by 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://modernfarmer.com/2016/07/summer-rayne-oakes/|title=Meet a Woman Who Keeps 500 Plants in Her Brooklyn Apartment|last=Nosowitz|first=Dan|date=July 14, 2016|work=[[Modern Farmer (magazine)|Modern Farmer]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref>
Since 2005, Oakes has lived in a {{convert|1200|sqft|sqm|adj=on}} [[loft apartment]] in [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn]], which she has filled with plants: over 500 plants by 2016, and 670 by 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://modernfarmer.com/2016/07/summer-rayne-oakes/|title=Meet a Woman Who Keeps 500 Plants in Her Brooklyn Apartment|last=Nosowitz|first=Dan|date=July 14, 2016|work=[[Modern Farmer (magazine)|Modern Farmer]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Today">{{cite news|url=https://www.today.com/home/summer-rayne-oakes-grows-670-plants-her-brooklyn-apartment-t117302|title=Summer Rayne Oakes grows 670 plants in her Brooklyn apartment|last=Brosh|first=Bianca|date=October 13, 2017|work=[[Today (U.S. TV program)|Today]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> A bedroom served as the headquarters of Source4Style for the company's first 18 months. When the company left, Oakes began transforming the room into an indoor vertical garden. Her first plant was a ''[[Ficus lyrata]]'', which had grown to {{convert|4.5|m|ft|order=flip}} tall and conformed to the ceiling by 2016. Other plants include herbs, sweet potatoes, pineapples, bananas, and her favorite genus, [[Peperomia]]. Her kitchen hosts a mason-jar plant garden that Oakes built with her father, as well as compost and vermiculture bins. A closet is filled with kitchen plants, [[succulents]] live in the bathroom, and vines drape over walls and furniture. The plants take 30 minutes each day to water, and 90 minutes each weekend to fertilize and prune.<ref>
<ref name="Today">{{cite news|url=https://www.today.com/home/summer-rayne-oakes-grows-670-plants-her-brooklyn-apartment-t117302|title=Summer Rayne Oakes grows 670 plants in her Brooklyn apartment|last=Brosh|first=Bianca|date=October 13, 2017|work=[[Today (U.S. TV program)|Today]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref> A bedroom served as the headquarters of Source4Style for the company's first 18 months. When the company left, Oakes began transforming the room into an indoor vertical garden. Her first plant was a [[Ficus lyrata]], which had grown to {{convert|4.5|m|ft|order=flip}} tall and conformed to the ceiling by 2016. Other plants include herbs, sweet potatoes, pineapples, bananas, and her favorite genus, [[Peperomia]]. Her kitchen hosts a mason-jar plant garden that Oakes built with her father, as well as compost and vermiculture bins. A closet is filled with kitchen plants, [[succulents]] live in the bathroom, and vines drape over walls and furniture. The plants take 30 minutes each day to water, and 90 minutes each weekend to fertilize and prune.<ref>
*{{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/summer-rayne-oakes-500-plants-apartment-2016-8/|title=Summer Rayne Oakes has 500 plants in her apartment|last=Hartman|first=Avery|date=August 7, 2016|work=[[Business Insider]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}
*{{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/summer-rayne-oakes-500-plants-apartment-2016-8/|title=Summer Rayne Oakes has 500 plants in her apartment|last=Hartman|first=Avery|date=August 7, 2016|work=[[Business Insider]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}
*{{cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/08/24/this-woman-transformed-her-flat-into-a-mini-jungle-with-500-plants-6087311/|title=Summer Rayne Oakes transformed her flat into a mini jungle with 500 plants|last=Scott|first=Ellen|date=August 24, 2016|work=[[Metro (website)|Metro]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}
*{{cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/08/24/this-woman-transformed-her-flat-into-a-mini-jungle-with-500-plants-6087311/|title=Summer Rayne Oakes transformed her flat into a mini jungle with 500 plants|last=Scott|first=Ellen|date=August 24, 2016|work=[[Metro (website)|Metro]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/house-tour-an-indoor-jungle-grows-in-brooklyn-232969|title=House Tour: An Indoor Jungle Grows in Brooklyn |last=Mitchell|first=Nancy|date=July 15, 2017|work=[[Apartment Therapy]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref>
*{{cite web|url=https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/house-tour-an-indoor-jungle-grows-in-brooklyn-232969|title=House Tour: An Indoor Jungle Grows in Brooklyn |last=Mitchell|first=Nancy|date=July 15, 2017|work=[[Apartment Therapy]]|accessdate=January 22, 2018}}</ref>

In January 2021 Summer officially acquired two plots of land in [[Spencer, New York]] for a purchase price of $540,000. These two plots, 49.97 acres and 9.15 acres, in addition to her already owned 14.34 acre plot total 73.46 acres. The lot in between, which is 24.7 acres, most likely completes her 98.16 acre compound. The land was purchased by her and two friends pooling money together and purchasing it under the [[limited liability company]], Compound Collaborative, LLC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Department of State|url=https://dos.ny.gov/|access-date=2021-12-24|website=Department of State|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Meet the Flock — Ep. 002| date=February 4, 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-8T5lH0ruU|language=en|access-date=2021-12-24}}</ref> She and her two friends subsidize the cost of the compound by capitalizing on the community in the Ithaca area as a resource – generating advertising revenue on each YouTube video published explaining the life of a local. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Get Transcript {{!}} Internal Revenue Service |url=https://www.irs.gov/individuals/get-transcript |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=www.irs.gov |language=en}}</ref>


In June 2017, Oakes began to foster a [[Rhode Island Red]] [[chicken|hen]] that was an abandoned [[Easter]] gift. Oakes named her Kippee (from {{lang-nl|Kippetje|lit=little chicken}}) and took her on the street in a [[pet carrier|bird carrier]], on the subway, and to photo shoots, attracting attention from media and passersby. Eventually Kippee got photo shoots of her own, including commercials for [[Lululemon]] and [[Celestial Seasonings]] tea.<ref>
In June 2017 Oakes began to foster a [[Rhode Island Red]] hen that was an abandoned Easter gift. Oakes named her Kippee (from {{langx|nl|Kippetje|lit=little chicken}}) and took her on the street in a [[pet carrier|bird carrier]], on the subway, and to photo shoots, attracting attention from media and passersby. Eventually Kippee got photo shoots of her own, including commercials for [[Lululemon]] and [[Celestial Seasonings]] tea.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scottberg |first1=Erin |title=Meet Kippee, A Foster Hen Living in a Brooklyn Apartment with 700+ Plants |url=https://modernfarmer.com/2018/04/summer-rayne-oakes-plants-foster-hen-kippee/ |website=[[Modern Farmer (magazine)|Modern Farmer]] |accessdate=December 15, 2018 |date=April 26, 2018}}</ref> Kippee died in November 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oakes |first1=Summer Rayne |title=The love of my life....Good night Kippee 🙁 |url=https://www.facebook.com/homesteadbrooklyn/posts/the-love-of-my-lifegood-night-kippee-/718712858605521/ |website=Facebook |access-date=18 July 2022 |language=en |date=November 4, 2019}}</ref>
*{{cite web |last1=Scottberg |first1=Erin |title=Meet Kippee, A Foster Hen Living in a Brooklyn Apartment with 700+ Plants |url=https://modernfarmer.com/2018/04/summer-rayne-oakes-plants-foster-hen-kippee/ |website=[[Modern Farmer (magazine)|Modern Farmer]] |accessdate=December 15, 2018 |date=April 26, 2018}}
*{{cite news |last1=Licea |first1=Melkorka |title=Model and her pet hen can't bear to be apart |url=https://nypost.com/2018/05/12/this-model-is-an-emotional-support-human-for-her-pet-hen/ |accessdate=February 6, 2019 |work=[[New York Post]] |date=May 12, 2018 |language=en}}</ref> Unfortunately, Kippee passed away in November of 2019.


== Publications ==
== Publications ==
=== Peer-reviewed articles ===
=== Peer-reviewed articles ===
* {{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=Ellen Z. |last2=Oakes |first2=Summer Rayne |last3=Hysell |first3=Matthew |last4=Hay |first4=Anthony |title=Organic chemicals in sewage sludges |journal=[[Science of the Total Environment]] |date=August 2006 |volume=367 |issue=2–3 |pages=481–497 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002 |pmid=16750559 |hdl=1813/5295 |bibcode=2006ScTEn.367..481H }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=Ellen Z. |last2=Oakes |first2=Summer Rayne |last3=Hysell |first3=Matthew |last4=Hay |first4=Anthony |title=Organic chemicals in sewage sludges |journal=[[Science of the Total Environment]] |date=August 2006 |volume=367 |issue=2–3 |pages=481–497 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002 |pmid=16750559 |hdl=1813/5295 |bibcode=2006ScTEn.367..481H |hdl-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=Ellen Z. |last2=Oakes |first2=Summer Rayne |title=Investigation of Alleged Health Incidents Associated With Land Application of Sewage Sludges |journal=New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental Health Policy |date=February 1, 2003 |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=387–408 |doi=10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8|pmid=17208785 |url=http://cwmi.css.cornell.edu/Sludge/Newsolutions.pdf |accessdate=May 11, 2019|hdl=1813/5319 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Harrison |first1=Ellen Z. |last2=Oakes |first2=Summer Rayne |title=Investigation of Alleged Health Incidents Associated With Land Application of Sewage Sludges |journal=New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental Health Policy |date=February 1, 2003 |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=387–408 |doi=10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8|pmid=17208785 |url=http://cwmi.css.cornell.edu/Sludge/Newsolutions.pdf |accessdate=May 11, 2019|hdl=1813/5319 |s2cid=26931475 |hdl-access=free }}


=== Books ===
=== Books ===
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[[Category:American women environmentalists]]
[[Category:American women environmentalists]]
[[Category:American environmentalists]]
[[Category:American environmentalists]]
[[Category:21st-century American women]]

Latest revision as of 00:13, 12 October 2024

Summer Rayne Oakes
Oakes discussing her Houseplant Masterclass in 2018
BornJune 1982 (age 42)
Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Known forEnvironmental activist, writer, entrepreneur; eco-model
Modeling information
Height5 ft 10 in (178 cm)[1]
Websitesummerrayne.net

Summer Rayne Oakes (born June 1982) is an American fashion model, environmental activist, author, and entrepreneur, known as the world's first "eco-model".[2] Oakes grew up in rural Pennsylvania, where her concern for the environment began early. She studied ecology in college, where she noticed that scientific papers on the environment received much less attention than popular media. She became a model in New York City, and insisted on only modeling clothing made from organic or recycled materials. These principles cost her work, but gained her notice and the title of world's first "eco-model".

Besides modeling, Oakes has worked as a writer and editor for fashion magazine Lucire, as a television reporter for environmental network Planet Green, and has written three books: Style, Naturally, a shopping guide to eco-friendly fashion and beauty products; SugarDetoxMe, a book of recipes to remove free sugars; and How to Make a Plant Love You on raising plants in an urban homestead. She also co-founded an award-winning web site, Le Souk, formerly Source4Style, which connects environmentally conscious fashion designers to ecologically friendly fabric producers. She lives in a loft apartment in Brooklyn which she has filled with over 1100 plants, and formerly a pet chicken, who has now passed.

Early life

[edit]

Oakes was named Summer Rayne due to being born during a downpour in June 1982.[1][3]

Oakes's concern for the environment began early: while growing up, she would post photographs of appliances and dead animals left alongside local roads, hoping to shame the owners into removing their litter.[2] While she attended Lakeland High School,[4] she also worked at the Lackawanna County Conservation District biosolids program, which applied treated sewage sludge onto farmland.[2] After graduating, Oakes earned scholarships, including a Udall Scholarship,[5] to Cornell University, where she studied natural resources, ecology, and entomology. There she jointly published two papers on sludge toxicity and contaminants,[2][6] but she was frustrated by how she couldn't communicate the relevance of her work beyond a narrow audience of scientists, and noticed how much more attention advertising and media received.[2][4]

In 2003, while a student at Cornell, Oakes became involved with "The Organic Portraits Project", a project to produce a book of photographs about humanity's connection to nature by New York City photographer John F. Cooper that had been put on hold due to the September 11 attacks. Oakes applied for and got a National Wildlife Federation Campus Ecology fellowship for the project, which was instrumental in moving the project forward. The book Organic Portraits: A Photo Book of Polaroid & Film Images was published in 2015.[7]

Career

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Model

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Behind the scenes at the Pirelli Calendar 2013: (left to right) Summer Rayne Oakes, Petra Němcová, Stuart Chapman, Kyleigh Kühn

Oakes began modeling in New York City during her sophomore year in Cornell.[2] Within two months, she was working for lingerie company StockingGirl.[4] When she graduated in 2004, she moved to New York City to model full-time.[2]

The title of world's first "eco-model" was first bestowed on Oakes by Grist Magazine in their 2006 Earth Day issue, since she models only clothes made from organic or recycled materials.[2][8] The moniker has since been taken up by multiple newspapers in the US, UK, and Canada.[9][10] These principles lost her multiple campaigns and her first New York City modeling agency contract, before she signed with Faith Kates of Next Model Management, who approved of them.[10]

In 2007, Oakes was profiled in Vanity Fair's "Green Issue",[11][12] and was featured in a CNN video interview as part of the series "Young People Who Rock".[13] In 2011, Oakes represented Aveeno beauty products in creating a temporary "pop-up" forest in Times Square.[14] She also appeared in an environmental short film, eXtinction, which was shown at festivals around the world.[15] She was photographed for the 2013 Pirelli Calendar by Steve McCurry.[16]

In 2012, designers for the Toyota Prius C said that they created the subcompact hybrid electric vehicle with Oakes in mind and named the "Summer Rain Metallic" paint color after her.[17] Ironically, since Oakes lives in New York City, she does not drive.[18]

Activist

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Oakes speaks at the 2014 Copenhagen Fashion Summit

Oakes says she sees modeling as "a conduit to get into socially responsible causes" such as fair trade and pollution from the textile and garment industry.[4] Since 2009, she has worked to promote the Mezimbite Forest Center conservation project in Mozambique.[19] She spoke about fair trade and the textile industry at the Hong Kong World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005[2] and attended the 2012 "Rio+20" United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, where she was profiled by the magazine of the United Nations Environment Programme.[20] She teaches others to grow plants in a Brooklyn neighborhood community garden.[21]

Writer

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Oakes holding her book SugarDetoxMe in her plant-covered apartment, in 2017

Oakes was interviewed in New Zealand fashion magazine Lucire in April 2005. She went on to write for the magazine, starting with "Behind the Label", a series of articles on ethical and sustainable fashion designers. Oakes became Lucire's acting editor for two issues in 2006, then US editor in 2007, and editor-at-large since then, contributing stories on body image, fair trade, and trends in sustainable design.[11][22] She hosted the 2007 season of Singapore-based environmental television program Eco 4 the World.[23]

In 2008, Oakes became an environmental reporter on Planet Green, an environmental-focused network from Discovery Communications. She served as a correspondent for the program G Word, during which she reported from a methane-recapture farm, climbed windmills, and swam in the Pacific Trash Vortex.[24] She had her own environmentally friendly fashion and beauty advice column "Ask Summer Rayne" on the Planet Green web site.[25] Discovery relaunched Planet Green with a different focus in 2012.[26]

Oakes launched her first book, Style, Naturally, in early 2009.[27] It is a shopping guide to eco-friendly fashion and beauty products.[28]

SugarDetoxMe began as a 2014 blog and website to document Oakes's 30-day removal of free sugars from her diet, then grew to a program to help others do the same.[29] In 2017, it was joined by a book of recipes of the same name, partly based on Dr. Mark Hyman's book The Blood Sugar Solution; Hyman also endorses Oakes's program.[30]

Oakes teaching at a New York City community garden, in 2018

Oakes's third book, How to Make a Plant Love You: Cultivating Your Personal Green Space, scheduled for July 2019, grew out of her experiences with the hundreds of plants she cultivated in her apartment and is accompanied by a website "Homestead Brooklyn", a YouTube series "Plant One On Me", and an online course "Houseplant Masterclass".[17]

Entrepreneur

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In April 2009, Oakes partnered with Payless ShoeSource to create "Zoe & Zac", a line of eco-friendly low-priced shoes and accessories. Products were made of organic cotton, linen, hemp, jute, recycled rubber, and water-based glues and priced at or below $30.[31]

Her website, Le Souk, formerly Source4Style, founded with business partner Benita Singh in 2010, connects environmentally conscious fashion designers to small-scale, ecologically friendly fabric producers.[10] Oakes says that up to 85% of a designer's time is spent sourcing fabric, and the site eases this task for the designer and makes sustainable design possible.[32] Oakes says that companies listed on the site were put through a sustainability questionnaire based on the Eco Index, and their certifications were checked.[33] The site also contains articles about sustainable fashion.[34] Celebrity "curators", including Amanda Hearst, Angela Lindvall, and Ada Zanditon, wrote content for the site.[35] Source4Style won a 2011 Cartier Women's Initiative Award, including $20,000.[36]

Home

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Oakes and Kippee, repotting a Rhaphidophora in her home, in 2018

Since 2005, Oakes has lived in a 1,200-square-foot (110 m2) loft apartment in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, which she has filled with plants: over 500 plants by 2016, and 670 by 2017.[37][21] A bedroom served as the headquarters of Source4Style for the company's first 18 months. When the company left, Oakes began transforming the room into an indoor vertical garden. Her first plant was a Ficus lyrata, which had grown to 15 feet (4.5 m) tall and conformed to the ceiling by 2016. Other plants include herbs, sweet potatoes, pineapples, bananas, and her favorite genus, Peperomia. Her kitchen hosts a mason-jar plant garden that Oakes built with her father, as well as compost and vermiculture bins. A closet is filled with kitchen plants, succulents live in the bathroom, and vines drape over walls and furniture. The plants take 30 minutes each day to water, and 90 minutes each weekend to fertilize and prune.[38]

In January 2021 Summer officially acquired two plots of land in Spencer, New York for a purchase price of $540,000. These two plots, 49.97 acres and 9.15 acres, in addition to her already owned 14.34 acre plot total 73.46 acres. The lot in between, which is 24.7 acres, most likely completes her 98.16 acre compound. The land was purchased by her and two friends pooling money together and purchasing it under the limited liability company, Compound Collaborative, LLC.[39][40] She and her two friends subsidize the cost of the compound by capitalizing on the community in the Ithaca area as a resource – generating advertising revenue on each YouTube video published explaining the life of a local. [41]

In June 2017 Oakes began to foster a Rhode Island Red hen that was an abandoned Easter gift. Oakes named her Kippee (from Dutch: Kippetje, lit. 'little chicken') and took her on the street in a bird carrier, on the subway, and to photo shoots, attracting attention from media and passersby. Eventually Kippee got photo shoots of her own, including commercials for Lululemon and Celestial Seasonings tea.[42] Kippee died in November 2019.[43]

Publications

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Peer-reviewed articles

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  • Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne; Hysell, Matthew; Hay, Anthony (August 2006). "Organic chemicals in sewage sludges". Science of the Total Environment. 367 (2–3): 481–497. Bibcode:2006ScTEn.367..481H. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002. hdl:1813/5295. PMID 16750559.
  • Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (February 1, 2003). "Investigation of Alleged Health Incidents Associated With Land Application of Sewage Sludges" (PDF). New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental Health Policy. 12 (4): 387–408. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475. Retrieved May 11, 2019.

Books

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Heyman, Stephen (May 4, 2010). "Going Green for Summer". T: The New York Times Style Magazine. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Sabel, Mike (September 8, 2006). "Meet the eco-model who's changing the face of fashion". Grist. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  3. ^ Pesce, Nicole Lyn (August 24, 2014). "New Yorkers love having unique names... until a celebrity copies them". New York Daily News. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d Bonifanti, Terry (August 19, 2005). "Model's roots in NEPA's trees". Namedropper. The Scranton Times-Tribune. Archived from the original on March 23, 2009. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  5. ^ Segelken, Roger (May 1, 2003). "Two Cornell undergraduates are awarded Udall Scholarships". Cornell Chronicle. Cornell University. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  6. ^ Gellerman, Bruce (December 1, 2006). "Green Fashionista". Living on Earth. Public Radio International. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  7. ^
  8. ^ "Our Earth Day nod to the year's goodies, oddities, and inanities". Grist. April 20, 2006. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  9. ^
  10. ^ a b c Siegle, Lucy (October 23, 2010). "Summer Rayne Oakes's innovation: sustainable design". The Guardian. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  11. ^ a b Yan, Jack (April 26, 2007). "Lucire's US editor, Summer Rayne Oakes, profiled in Vanity Fair 07/04/25". jyanet.com. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  12. ^ "The 2007 Green Issue: Online Resources". Vanity Fair. May 2007. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  13. ^ Lapin, Nicole (August 22, 2007). "Summer Rayne Oakes". Young People Who Rock. CNN. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  14. ^ Pantin, Laurel (April 12, 2011). "Aveeno and Summer Rayne Oakes Plant A Forest In Times Square". Teen Vogue. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  15. ^
  16. ^ "Pirelli calendar for 2013 features Summer Rayne Oakes, Adriana Lima, Petra Němcová, Liya Kebede". Lucire. November 27, 2012. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
  17. ^ a b Green, Penelope (November 8, 2018). "Meet the Plantfluencers". The New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2019. Also published as Green, Penelope (December 4, 2018). "How millennial 'plant influencers' are creating their own urban jungles". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  18. ^ Oakes, Summer Rayne. "Toyota Prius C". Summer Rayne Oakes. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  19. ^
  20. ^ "Summer Rayne Oakes" (PDF). Our Planet. United Nations Environment Programme. February 2013. pp. 34–35. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 5, 2015. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  21. ^ a b Brosh, Bianca (October 13, 2017). "Summer Rayne Oakes grows 670 plants in her Brooklyn apartment". Today. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  22. ^
  23. ^ Schults, Chris (April 26, 2006). "Summer Rayne Oakes hosts new television show". Grist. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  24. ^ McAuliffe, Josh (June 22, 2008). "Former Montdale resident, model and activist becomes environmental reporter for new Discovery channel". The Scranton Times-Tribune. Archived from the original on March 23, 2009. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  25. ^ "Ask Summer Rayne". Planet Green. Discovery Channel. Archived from the original on March 13, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  26. ^ Schneider, Michael (February 12, 2011). "Discovery Plans to Revamp Planet Green". T.V. Guide. Lionsgate. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
  27. ^
  28. ^ Vartan, Starre (March 19, 2009). "Style, Naturally: Summer Rayne Oakes' Guide to Green Fashion and Beauty for Every Woman (Not Just Greenies!)". Huffington Post. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  29. ^ Shreeves, Robin (March 2, 2016). "Take a sugar detox with Summer Rayne Oakes". Mother Nature Network. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  30. ^ Peek, Cameron (June 14, 2017). "Sugar Detox Plan: why you should do it". NewYou.com. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
  31. ^
  32. ^ "Model Summer Rayne Oakes Launches Online Eco-Textile Marketplace". Inhabitat. August 25, 2010. Retrieved March 1, 2019.
  33. ^ Markowitz, Eric (December 14, 2010). "How Model-Entrepreneur Summer Rayne Oakes Became a Sustainability Guru". Inc. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
  34. ^ Matthews, Susan E. (September 12, 2012). "A model on an eco-mission". Scienceline. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
  35. ^ Hearst, Amanda (January 9, 2012). "Source4Style Sustainable Fashion Website - Summer Rayne Oakes New Textile Site". Marie Claire. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
  36. ^
  37. ^ Nosowitz, Dan (July 14, 2016). "Meet a Woman Who Keeps 500 Plants in Her Brooklyn Apartment". Modern Farmer. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  38. ^
  39. ^ "Department of State". Department of State. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
  40. ^ Meet the Flock — Ep. 002, February 4, 2021, retrieved December 24, 2021
  41. ^ "Get Transcript | Internal Revenue Service". www.irs.gov. Retrieved March 19, 2022.
  42. ^ Scottberg, Erin (April 26, 2018). "Meet Kippee, A Foster Hen Living in a Brooklyn Apartment with 700+ Plants". Modern Farmer. Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  43. ^ Oakes, Summer Rayne (November 4, 2019). "The love of my life....Good night Kippee 🙁". Facebook. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
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