Jump to content

Glebionidinae: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
←Created page with '{{Automatic taxobox |image = |image_caption = |taxon = Glebionidinae |authority = Oberpr. & Vogt{{subst:User:Peter coxhead/IPNI1|taxon=Glebionidinae|auth=Oberpr....'
 
GreenC bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
2,547,810 edits
Move 1 url. Wayback Medic 2.5
 
(18 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Subtribe of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Argyranthemum gracile Tenerife.jpg
|image =
|image_caption =
|image_caption = ''[[Argyranthemum gracile]]'' in [[Tenerife]]
|taxon = Glebionidinae
|taxon = Glebionidinae
|authority = Oberpr. & Vogt<ref name="IPNI_77083734-1">{{citation |title=''Glebionidinae''&#32;Oberpr. & Vogt |work=[[International Plant Names Index|The International Plant Names Index]] |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/77083734-1 |accessdate=2020-02-24 }}</ref>
|authority = Oberpr. & Vogt<ref name=IPNI_77083734-1/>
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = [[#Genera|See text]].
|subdivision = [[#Genera|See text]].
|synonyms =
|synonyms =
*Chrysantheminae <small>Bremer & Humphries</small>, nom. illeg.
*Chrysantheminae <small>Bremer & Humphries</small>, nom. illeg.
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=IPNI_77083734-1/><ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
}}
}}


'''Glebionidinae''' is a subtribe of [[flowering plant]]s in the tribe [[Anthemideae]] of the family [[Asteraceae]]. Its members include species used in the production of [[garden marguerite]]s.
'''Glebionidinae''' is a small [[Tribe (biology)|subtribe]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the tribe [[Anthemideae]] of the family [[Asteraceae]]. Its members include species used in the production of [[garden marguerite]]s.


==Description==
==Description==
Members of the subtribe are either subshrubs (''Argyranthemum'') or annual herbs (the remaining genera). The genus ''Heteranthemis'' has glandular hairs; the others either lack hairs or have non-glandular hairs. The flower heads ([[Pseudanthium|capitula]]) are solitary or arranged in loose [[corymb]]s. The ray florets are female, the long petal (ligule) usually being white or yellow. The disc florets are hermaphrodite with a five-lobed corolla. The [[achene]]s of the ray florets are three-angled and have two or three wings; those of the disc florets are flattened and have one or two wings.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
Members of the subtribe are either subshrubs (''[[Argyranthemum]]'') or annual herbs (the remaining genera). The genus ''[[Heteranthemis]]'' has [[Trichome#Glandular trichomes|glandular hairs]]; the others either lack hairs or have non-glandular hairs. The flower heads ([[Pseudanthium|capitula]]) are solitary or arranged in loose [[corymb]]s. The ray florets are female, the long petal (ligule) usually being white or yellow. The disc florets are [[Plant reproductive morphology#Bisexual|bisexual]] with a five-lobed corolla. The [[achene]]s of the ray florets are three-angled and have two or three wings; those of the disc florets are flattened and have one or two wings.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>


==Taxonomy==
==Taxonomy==
The subtribe was first proposed in 1993 by Bremer and Humphries, under the name "Chrysantheminae". The name was validly published at the time, but two annual species placed in the tribe, which were then known as ''Chrysanthemum coronarium'' and ''Chrysanthemum segetum'', are now placed in ''Glebionis''. (The genus ''[[Chrysanthemum]]'' is now used for perennial Asian species, such as the conserved type ''C.&nbsp;indicum''.) Hence Chrysantheminae <small>Bremer & Humphries</small> became a later [[homonym]] of Chrysantheminae <small>Less.</small> and so illegitimate. In 2007, Oberprieler and Vogt provided a new name, Glebionidinae, based on the genus ''Glebionis'', whose type species is ''Glebionis coronaria'', formerly ''Chrysanthemum coronarium''.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
The subtribe was first proposed in 1993 by Bremer and Humphries, under the name "Chrysantheminae". The name was validly published at the time, but two annual species placed in the tribe, which were then known as ''Chrysanthemum coronarium'' and ''Chrysanthemum segetum'', are now placed in ''[[Glebionis]]''.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/> (The genus ''[[Chrysanthemum]]'' is now used for perennial Asian species, such as the conserved type ''C.&nbsp;indicum''.) Hence Chrysantheminae <small>Bremer & Humphries</small> became a later [[homonym]] of Chrysantheminae <small>Less.</small> and so illegitimate.<ref name=IPNI_77083734-1/> In 2007, Oberprieler and Vogt provided a new name, Glebionidinae, based on the genus ''Glebionis'', whose type species is ''[[Glebionis coronaria]]'', formerly ''Chrysanthemum coronarium''.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>


===Genera===
===Genera===
Line 25: Line 26:
*''[[Heteranthemis]]'' <small>Schott</small>, one species
*''[[Heteranthemis]]'' <small>Schott</small>, one species
*''[[Ismelia]]'' <small>Cass.</small>, one species
*''[[Ismelia]]'' <small>Cass.</small>, one species

Intergeneric hybrids are known:<ref name=FlorShawWats18/>
*×''Argyrimelia'' <small>J.M.H.Shaw</small> = ''Argyranthemum'' × ''Ismelia'' – artificial hybrids
*×''Glebianthemum'' <small>J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores</small> = ''Argyranthemum'' × ''Glebionis'' – artificial and spontaneous hybrids
**×''Glebianthemum valinianum'' <small>J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores</small> = ''A.&nbsp;frutescens'' × ''G.&nbsp;coronaria'' – discovered in [[Chile]] where both parents were naturalized and grew together; also produced artificially
*''Glebionis'' × ''Ismelia'' – artificial hybrids

<gallery mode=packed heights=160px caption="Species and hybrids">
File:Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. canariae.JPG|''Argyranthem frutescens''
File:Glebionis coronaria1.jpg|''Glebionis coronaria'' var. ''discolor''
File:Curtis's botanical magazine (No. 508) (8413243693) rev.jpg|Illustration of ''Ismelia carinata''
File:Argyranthemum frutescens Vera 3zz.jpg|[[Garden marguerite]] 'Vera'
File:Starr-110307-2074-Argyranthemum frutescens-flowers-Kula Botanical Garden-Maui (24959393062).jpg|Hybrid garden marguerite
File:木茼蒿Argyranthemum_frutescens_cultivars_20191224160830_02.jpg|Hybrid garden marguerite
</gallery>

===Phylogeny===
A 2007 [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic]] study of the tribe Anthemideae found the subtribe Glebionidinae to be the most deeply nested. One species from each of the genera was included, producing the relationships within the subtribe shown below.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
{{clade
|label1=Glebionidinae
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Heteranthemis|Heteranthemis viscidehirta]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Argyranthemum foeniculaceum]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Glebionis coronaria]]''
|2=''[[Ismelia|Ismelia carinata]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
The apparently close relationship between ''Glebionis'' and ''Ismelia'' is reflected in the decision by some sources to sink ''I.&nbsp;carinata'' into ''Glebionis'' as ''G.&nbsp;carinata''.<ref name=POWO_226246-1/>


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
Genera belonging to the subtribe are native to [[Macaronesia]], Europe, northern Africa and southwestern Asia.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>
Genera belonging to the subtribe are native to [[Macaronesia]], Europe, northern Africa and southwestern Asia.<ref name=OberHimmVogt07/>

==Cultivation==
''Argyranthemum'' species, particularly ''[[Argyranthemum frutescens]]'', have been in cultivation since at least the early 1700s.<ref name=FranSantSancMaun12/> ''[[Ismelia|Ismelia carinata]]'', sometimes known as the annual chrysanthemum, is also cultivated. Particularly since the 1960s, intergeneric hybrids among the members of the subtribe have been used to introduce flowers of varied colours and forms into [[garden marguerite]]s, used as [[Bedding (horticulture)|bedding]] and container plants.<ref name=FlorShawWats18/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=OberHimmVogt07>{{Citation |last1=Oberprieler |first1=Christoph |last2=Himmelreich |first2=Sven |last3=Vogt |first3=Robert |date=2007 |title=A new subtribal classification of the tribe Anthemideae (Compositae) |journal=Willdenowia |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=89–114 |doi=10.3372/wi.37.37104 |lastauthoramp=yes }}</ref>
<ref name=FlorShawWats18>{{Citation |last1=Flores |first1=Anita |last2=Shaw |first2=Julian |last3=Watson |first3=John |date=2018 |title=Unpicking a daisy chain |journal=The Plantsman |series=New Series |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=238–243 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>

<ref name=FranSantSancMaun12>{{Citation |last1=Francisco-Ortega |first1=J |last2=Santos-Guerra |first2=A. |last3=Sánchez-Pinto |first3=L. |last4=Maunder |first4=M. |s2cid=127850789 |date=2012 |title=Early cultivation of Macaronesian plants in three European botanic gardens |journal=Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias |volume=23 |pages=113–143 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>

<ref name=IPNI_77083734-1>{{citation |title=Glebionidinae Oberpr. & Vogt |work=[[International Plant Names Index|The International Plant Names Index]] |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/77083734-1 |access-date=2020-02-24 }}</ref>

<ref name=OberHimmVogt07>{{Citation |last1=Oberprieler |first1=Christoph |last2=Himmelreich |first2=Sven |last3=Vogt |first3=Robert |date=2007 |title=A new subtribal classification of the tribe Anthemideae (Compositae) |journal=Willdenowia |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=89–114 |doi=10.3372/wi.37.37104 |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=POWO_226246-1>{{citation |title=''Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch.Bip.'' AUTH |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:226246-1 |access-date=2020-02-24 }}</ref>
}}
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2917510}}


[[Category:Anthemideae]]
[[Category:Anthemideae]]
[[Category:Glebionidinae| ]]
[[Category:Plant subtribes]]

Latest revision as of 05:41, 17 February 2023

Glebionidinae
Argyranthemum gracile in Tenerife
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Tribe: Anthemideae
Subtribe: Glebionidinae
Oberpr. & Vogt[1]
Genera

See text.

Synonyms[1][2]
  • Chrysantheminae Bremer & Humphries, nom. illeg.

Glebionidinae is a small subtribe of flowering plants in the tribe Anthemideae of the family Asteraceae. Its members include species used in the production of garden marguerites.

Description

[edit]

Members of the subtribe are either subshrubs (Argyranthemum) or annual herbs (the remaining genera). The genus Heteranthemis has glandular hairs; the others either lack hairs or have non-glandular hairs. The flower heads (capitula) are solitary or arranged in loose corymbs. The ray florets are female, the long petal (ligule) usually being white or yellow. The disc florets are bisexual with a five-lobed corolla. The achenes of the ray florets are three-angled and have two or three wings; those of the disc florets are flattened and have one or two wings.[2]

Taxonomy

[edit]

The subtribe was first proposed in 1993 by Bremer and Humphries, under the name "Chrysantheminae". The name was validly published at the time, but two annual species placed in the tribe, which were then known as Chrysanthemum coronarium and Chrysanthemum segetum, are now placed in Glebionis.[2] (The genus Chrysanthemum is now used for perennial Asian species, such as the conserved type C. indicum.) Hence Chrysantheminae Bremer & Humphries became a later homonym of Chrysantheminae Less. and so illegitimate.[1] In 2007, Oberprieler and Vogt provided a new name, Glebionidinae, based on the genus Glebionis, whose type species is Glebionis coronaria, formerly Chrysanthemum coronarium.[2]

Genera

[edit]

The subtribe comprises four genera:[2]

Intergeneric hybrids are known:[3]

  • ×Argyrimelia J.M.H.Shaw = Argyranthemum × Ismelia – artificial hybrids
  • ×Glebianthemum J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores = Argyranthemum × Glebionis – artificial and spontaneous hybrids
    • ×Glebianthemum valinianum J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores = A. frutescens × G. coronaria – discovered in Chile where both parents were naturalized and grew together; also produced artificially
  • Glebionis × Ismelia – artificial hybrids
  • Species and hybrids
  • Argyranthem frutescens
    Argyranthem frutescens
  • Glebionis coronaria var. discolor
    Glebionis coronaria var. discolor
  • Illustration of Ismelia carinata
    Illustration of Ismelia carinata
  • Garden marguerite 'Vera'
    Garden marguerite 'Vera'
  • Hybrid garden marguerite
    Hybrid garden marguerite
  • Hybrid garden marguerite
    Hybrid garden marguerite

Phylogeny

[edit]

A 2007 molecular phylogenetic study of the tribe Anthemideae found the subtribe Glebionidinae to be the most deeply nested. One species from each of the genera was included, producing the relationships within the subtribe shown below.[2]

Glebionidinae

The apparently close relationship between Glebionis and Ismelia is reflected in the decision by some sources to sink I. carinata into Glebionis as G. carinata.[4]

Distribution

[edit]

Genera belonging to the subtribe are native to Macaronesia, Europe, northern Africa and southwestern Asia.[2]

Cultivation

[edit]

Argyranthemum species, particularly Argyranthemum frutescens, have been in cultivation since at least the early 1700s.[5] Ismelia carinata, sometimes known as the annual chrysanthemum, is also cultivated. Particularly since the 1960s, intergeneric hybrids among the members of the subtribe have been used to introduce flowers of varied colours and forms into garden marguerites, used as bedding and container plants.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Glebionidinae Oberpr. & Vogt", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2020-02-24
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Oberprieler, Christoph; Himmelreich, Sven & Vogt, Robert (2007), "A new subtribal classification of the tribe Anthemideae (Compositae)", Willdenowia, 37 (1): 89–114, doi:10.3372/wi.37.37104
  3. ^ a b Flores, Anita; Shaw, Julian & Watson, John (2018), "Unpicking a daisy chain", The Plantsman, New Series, 17 (4): 238–243
  4. ^ "Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch.Bip. AUTH", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2020-02-24
  5. ^ Francisco-Ortega, J; Santos-Guerra, A.; Sánchez-Pinto, L. & Maunder, M. (2012), "Early cultivation of Macaronesian plants in three European botanic gardens", Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 23: 113–143, S2CID 127850789
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Glebionidinae&oldid=1139847765"