Melghat: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Tiger reserve in India}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}} |
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}} |
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{{More citations needed|date=March 2010}} |
{{More citations needed|date=March 2010}} |
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{{Infobox protected area |
{{Infobox protected area |
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| name = Melghat |
| name = Melghat |
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| photo = Melghat Tiger Reserve.JPG |
| photo = Melghat Tiger Reserve.JPG |
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| photo_alt = |
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| photo_caption = Entry gate of Melghat Tiger Reserve |
| photo_caption = Entry gate of Melghat Tiger Reserve |
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'''Melghat''' |
'''Melghat''' was among the first nine [[tiger reserves of India]] to be notified in 1973 under [[Project Tiger]]. It is located at {{coord|21|26|45|N|77|11|50|E|region:IN-MH_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} in the northern part of [[Amravati District]] of [[Maharashtra]]. Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as in 1985. The [[Tapti River]] flows through the northern part of Melghat Tiger Reserve and forms the boundary of the reserve together with the [[Gawilghur]] ridge of the [[Satpura Range]]. |
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In 1985 Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary was created.<ref>[http://www.indiantigers.com/melghat-wildlife-sanctuary.html "Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary", www.indiantigers.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319050821/http://indiantigers.com/melghat-wildlife-sanctuary.html |date=19 March 2009 }}</ref> The Tapi river flows through the northern end of the Melghat Tiger Reserve, through a forest which lies within the catchment area of the river system. Many different kinds of wildlife, both flora and fauna, are found here. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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There are passes in Melghat that |
There are passes in Melghat that Kings from the north traversed to reach Berar, where the [[Berar Sultanate#Sultans of Berar from Imad Shahi Dynasty|Imad Shahi dynasty]] had been founded in 1484. The historic forts, [[Narnala fort|Narnala]] and [[Gawilgarh]], guarded the main east-west ridge. In 1803, in the [[Second Maratha War]], Colonel Arthur Wellesley, who later became the [[Duke of Wellington]], captured the Gawilgarh fort from the Marathas.<ref>[http://www.sanctuaryasia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1023:melghat-history&catid=413:melghat-history "Melghat history", ''Sanctuary Asia Magazine'']</ref> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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The Melghat area was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. The Meghat Tiger Reserve divided into Sipna, Gugamal and Akot Wildlife Division, administratively. Presently, the total area of the reserve is around 1677 km<sup>2</sup>. In Sipna and Gugamal Wildlife Division, there are more than 10 villages in the core area. In Akot wildlife Division, there are no villages in core area. All villages are rehabilitated in akot wildlife division. |
The Melghat area was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. The Meghat Tiger Reserve divided into Sipna, Gugamal and Akot Wildlife Division, administratively. Presently, the total area of the reserve is around 1677 km<sup>2</sup>. In Sipna and Gugamal Wildlife Division, there are more than 10 villages in the core area. In Akot wildlife Division, there are no villages in core area. All villages are rehabilitated in akot wildlife division. |
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The forest is tropical dry deciduous in nature, dominated by teak (Tectona grandis). The reserve is a catchment area for five major rivers: the Khandu, Khapra, Sipna, Gadga and Dolar |
The forest is tropical dry deciduous in nature, dominated by teak (Tectona grandis). The reserve is a catchment area for five major rivers: the Khandu, Khapra, Sipna, Gadga and Dolar. These all rivers are tributaries of the river Tapti. |
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==Fauna== |
==Fauna== |
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[[File:Forest Owlet Athene blewitti by Ashahar alias Krishna Khan.jpeg|thumb |
[[File:Forest Owlet Athene blewitti by Ashahar alias Krishna Khan.jpeg|thumb|Melghat hosts the [[ endangered]] [[forest owlet]]]] |
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{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}} |
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The main fauna |
The main fauna in Melghat are [[Bengal tiger]], [[Indian leopard]], [[sloth bear]], [[dhole]], [[Indian jackal]], [[sambar (deer)|sambar]], [[gaur]], [[barking deer]], [[nilgai]], [[chital]], [[chausingha]], [[honey badger]], [[flying squirrel]], [[wild boar]], [[langur]], [[rhesus monkey]], [[indian porcupine]], [[indian pangolin]], [[mouse deer]], [[python (genus)|python]], [[smooth-coated otter]] and [[black-naped hare]]. |
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==Population== |
==Population== |
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There are 61 villages in the reserve, all outside the core area. 22 are in the buffer zone and 39 in the Multiple Use Area (MUA). Human population in the buffer zone and MUA is 11024 and 15642, respectively, as per 1994 census. |
There are 61 villages in the reserve, all outside the core area.{{citation needed |date=May 2020}} 22 are in the buffer zone and 39 in the Multiple Use Area (MUA).{{citation needed |date=May 2020}} Human population in the buffer zone and MUA is 11024 and 15642, respectively, as per 1994 census.{{citation needed |date=May 2020}} |
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The inhabitants are mainly tribal, largely of the Korku tribe (80 per cent) and others like Gond, Nihal, Balai, Gaolan, Gawali, Halbi, Wanjari, |
The inhabitants are mainly tribal, largely of the [[Korku people|Korku]] tribe (80 per cent) and others like Gond, Nihal, Balai, Gaolan, Gawali, Halbi, Wanjari, and Maratha. All inhabitants depend on the forest for bona fide domestic needs of firewood, timber, fodder, medicinal plants, and non-timber forest products like fruit, flowers, gum and medicinal plants. Their main source of income is from labor and rainy season agriculture. They augment their income by collecting non-timber forest products like {{transl|mr|italic=no|mahuali}}, flowers, seeds, charoli, gumcula, {{transl|mr|italic=no|dhawada}}, tendu-leaves, and {{transl|mr|italic=no|musali}} (a medicinal plant). |
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==Tourism== |
==Tourism== |
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Melghat, located in the Amaravati district of Maharashtra, is a tiger reserve wildlife sanctuary. Melghat Tiger Reserve is located on the southern offshoot of the Satpura Hill Range in Central India, called Gavilgarh Hill. It is 225 km west of Nagpur. It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1967, and was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. It was among the first nine tiger reserves notified in 1973-74 under [[Project Tiger]], a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect Bengal tigers. |
Melghat, located in the Amaravati district of Maharashtra, is a tiger reserve wildlife sanctuary. Melghat Tiger Reserve is located on the southern offshoot of the Satpura Hill Range in Central India, called Gavilgarh Hill. It is 225 km west of Nagpur. It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1967, and was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. It was among the first nine tiger reserves notified in 1973-74 under [[Project Tiger]], a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect Bengal tigers. |
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Apart from Tigers the other prominent animals are Sloth Bear, Indian Gaur, Sambar deer, Leopard, |
Apart from Tigers the other prominent animals are Sloth Bear, [[Gaur|Indian Gaur]], [[Sambar deer]], Leopard, [[Nilgai]], etc. The endangered and 'back from extinction' [[Forest Owlet]] is also found in various areas of Melghat. |
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Tourism in Melghat is distributed along 4 centres/villages. Semadoh, Chikhaldara, Harisal & Shahnur. There are some additional stay facilities at Kolkas which is 14 km ahead of Semadoh. |
Tourism in Melghat is distributed along 4 centres/villages. Semadoh, Chikhaldara, Harisal & Shahnur. There are some additional stay facilities at Kolkas which is 14 km ahead of Semadoh. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Refbegin}} |
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*[http://www.amazingmaharashtra.com/2012/12/melghat.html Amazing Maharashtra], Melghat |
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*[http://www.magicalmelghat.com] |
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{{Refend}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{Official website|http://melghattiger.gov.in/}} |
* {{Official website|http://melghattiger.gov.in/}} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120425153913/http://melghattiger.gov.in/gallaries/html_photos/location.jpg Detailed map] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120425153913/http://melghattiger.gov.in/gallaries/html_photos/location.jpg Detailed map] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071006012705/http://www.sanctuaryasia.com/news/index.php ''Sanctuary Asia'' magazine] |
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{{Forts in Maharashtra}} |
{{Forts in Maharashtra}} |
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Latest revision as of 07:38, 13 April 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010) |
| Melghat | |
|---|---|
 Entry gate of Melghat Tiger Reserve | |
 |
Melghat was among the first nine tiger reserves of India to be notified in 1973 under Project Tiger. It is located at 21°26′45″N 77°11′50″E / 21.44583°N 77.19722°E in the northern part of Amravati District of Maharashtra. Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as in 1985. The Tapti River flows through the northern part of Melghat Tiger Reserve and forms the boundary of the reserve together with the Gawilghur ridge of the Satpura Range.
History
[edit]There are passes in Melghat that Kings from the north traversed to reach Berar, where the Imad Shahi dynasty had been founded in 1484. The historic forts, Narnala and Gawilgarh, guarded the main east-west ridge. In 1803, in the Second Maratha War, Colonel Arthur Wellesley, who later became the Duke of Wellington, captured the Gawilgarh fort from the Marathas.[1]
Geography
[edit]At the northern extreme of the Amravati district of Maharashtra, on the border of Madhya Pradesh, lies the Melghat in the South-western Satpura mountain ranges. Melghat means 'meeting of the ghats', which describes the area as a large tract of unending hills and ravines scarred by jagged cliffs and steep climbs.
The Melghat area was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. The Meghat Tiger Reserve divided into Sipna, Gugamal and Akot Wildlife Division, administratively. Presently, the total area of the reserve is around 1677 km2. In Sipna and Gugamal Wildlife Division, there are more than 10 villages in the core area. In Akot wildlife Division, there are no villages in core area. All villages are rehabilitated in akot wildlife division.
The forest is tropical dry deciduous in nature, dominated by teak (Tectona grandis). The reserve is a catchment area for five major rivers: the Khandu, Khapra, Sipna, Gadga and Dolar. These all rivers are tributaries of the river Tapti.
Fauna
[edit]
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The main fauna in Melghat are Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, sloth bear, dhole, Indian jackal, sambar, gaur, barking deer, nilgai, chital, chausingha, honey badger, flying squirrel, wild boar, langur, rhesus monkey, indian porcupine, indian pangolin, mouse deer, python, smooth-coated otter and black-naped hare.
Population
[edit]There are 61 villages in the reserve, all outside the core area.[citation needed] 22 are in the buffer zone and 39 in the Multiple Use Area (MUA).[citation needed] Human population in the buffer zone and MUA is 11024 and 15642, respectively, as per 1994 census.[citation needed]
The inhabitants are mainly tribal, largely of the Korku tribe (80 per cent) and others like Gond, Nihal, Balai, Gaolan, Gawali, Halbi, Wanjari, and Maratha. All inhabitants depend on the forest for bona fide domestic needs of firewood, timber, fodder, medicinal plants, and non-timber forest products like fruit, flowers, gum and medicinal plants. Their main source of income is from labor and rainy season agriculture. They augment their income by collecting non-timber forest products like mahuali, flowers, seeds, charoli, gumcula, dhawada, tendu-leaves, and musali (a medicinal plant).
Tourism
[edit]Melghat, located in the Amaravati district of Maharashtra, is a tiger reserve wildlife sanctuary. Melghat Tiger Reserve is located on the southern offshoot of the Satpura Hill Range in Central India, called Gavilgarh Hill. It is 225 km west of Nagpur. It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1967, and was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. It was among the first nine tiger reserves notified in 1973-74 under Project Tiger, a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect Bengal tigers.
Apart from Tigers the other prominent animals are Sloth Bear, Indian Gaur, Sambar deer, Leopard, Nilgai, etc. The endangered and 'back from extinction' Forest Owlet is also found in various areas of Melghat.
Tourism in Melghat is distributed along 4 centres/villages. Semadoh, Chikhaldara, Harisal & Shahnur. There are some additional stay facilities at Kolkas which is 14 km ahead of Semadoh.
The nearest railway station to reach Chikhaldara, Semadoh, Kolkas, Harisal is Amravati. Shahnur is closest to Akola. The nearest airport is at Nagpur some 250 km away.
Tourists can explore Melghat in all seasons but the monsoons starting mid July till end of September offers the best views. The winters are cold with night temperature dropping below 5 degrees. The summers are good for animal sightings.
Accommodation facilities in Melghat are mostly run by forest department except the hotels and resorts at Chikhaldara which are operated by private. Facilities are comfortable and basic in nature suiting the forest atmosphere where it is located.
References
[edit]External links
[edit]
