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{{Redirect|19th Bombardment Wing|the 19th Bombardment Wing of World War II|19th Air Division}}
{{cleanup-date|January 2006}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = 19th Airlift Wing
[[File:Air Mobility Command.svg|center|60px]]
| image = Little-rock-afb-c130s.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = 19th Airlift Wing [[C-130 Hercules]] aircraft at [[Little Rock AFB]]
| dates = 1948–1996; 2008–present
| country = {{flag|United States|23px}}
| branch = {{air force|USA}}
| type =
| role = [[Airlift]]
| size =
| command_structure = [[Air Mobility Command]]
| current_commander = Colonel Denny Davies [https://www.littlerock.af.mil/Home/Biographies/Display/Article/3414297/denny-r-davies/]
| garrison = [[Little Rock Air Force Base]], Arkansas
| ceremonial_chief =
| colonel_of_the_regiment =
| nickname = "Black Knights"{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}
| patron =
| motto = ''In Alis Vincimus'' [[Latin]] (On Wings We Conquer)
| colors =
| march =
| mascot =
| battles = * World War II
: American Theater<br />(1942–1944)
: -Asiatic-Pacific Campaign<br />(1941–1942, 1944–1945)
* Korean Service (1950–1953)
* Grenada (1983)
* Southwest Asia (1990–1991)<ref name=19AWfacts>{{cite web|url= https://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433493/19-airlift-wing-amc/ |last1=Robertson |first1=Patsy |title=Factsheet 19 Airlift Wing (AMC) |date=19 June 2017|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref>
| notable_commanders =
| anniversaries =
| decorations = [[Air Force Outstanding Unit Award]]<br/>[[Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation]]<ref name=19AWfacts/>
| battle_honours = <!-- Insignia -->
| identification_symbol = [[File:USAF - 19th Airlift Wing.png|165px]]
| identification_symbol_label = 19th Airlift Wing emblem <small>(approved 9 May 1952, modified 19 September 1983)</small><ref name=19AWfacts/><ref group=note>The Wing's emblem, first approved for the 19th Bombardment Group in slightly different form in 1936, shows a winged sword in front of the constellation of Pegasus, indicating both the striking force and navigation capability of the unit.</ref>
| identification_symbol_2 =
| identification_symbol_2_label =
}}


The '''19th Air Refueling Group''' (19 ARG or "Black Knights") is one of the oldest organizations in the [[United States Air Force]]. It's mission is to provide worldwide in-flight refueling for [[combat]], [[logistics]], and [[combat support]] [[aircraft]]. The unit currently operates [[KC-135]] Stratotanker aircraft.
The '''19th Airlift Wing''' is a [[United States Air Force]] unit assigned to the [[Air Mobility Command]]'s [[Eighteenth Air Force]]. It is stationed at [[Little Rock Air Force Base]], Arkansas. The [[wing (military aviation unit)|wing]] is also the host unit at Little Rock.

The Wing provides the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] its largest [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules]] transport fleet, supplying humanitarian airlift relief to victims of disasters, to airdropping supplies and troops into the heart of contingency operations in hostile areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://media.defense.gov/2016/Jun/27/2001559943/-1/-1/0/LRAFB%20FY14%20ECONOMIC%20IMPACT%20ANALYSIS.PDF|access-date=17 March 2020|title=Little Rock Air Force Base Snapshot}}</ref>

Active for over 60 years, the 19th was part of [[Strategic Air Command]]'s deterrent force during the [[Cold War]]. The wing served in the [[Korean War]] and [[Operation Desert Storm]]. It is currently engaged in combat operations.{{when?|date=July 2024}}

The 19th Airlift Wing is commanded by [https://www.littlerock.af.mil/Home/Biographies/Display/Article/3414297/denny-r-davies/ Colonel Denny Davies]. Its Command Chief Master Sergeant is [https://www.littlerock.af.mil/Home/Biographies/Display/Article/3066792/nicholas-a-tonino/ Chief Master Sergeant Nicholas Tonino].

==Units==
The 19th Airlift Wing is organized into a quad-group structure:
* [[19th Operations Group]]
: Plans, trains, and executes air and space power for operational levels of war.
::19th Operations Support Squadron
::34th Combat Training Squadron
::[[41st Airlift Squadron]], C-130J
::[[52d Airlift Squadron]], C-130H (Peterson AFB, Colorado – associate with Air Force Reserve 302d Airlift Wing)
::[[53d Airlift Squadron]], C-130J
::[[61st Airlift Squadron]], C-130J
* 19th Maintenance Group
: Performs all maintenance on assigned C-130 aircraft.
:: [[19th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron]]
::[[19th Maintenance Squadron]]
::[[19th Maintenance Operations]]
* 19th Mission Support Group
: Encompasses the support and logistic functions for the base. The group includes contracting, civil engineer, communications, security forces, force support and the logistic readiness squadrons.
* [http://www.littlerock.af.mil/Units/19thMedicalGroup 19th Medical Group]
: Provides responsive care and services to the base population and ensures a fit and medically ready active duty force.
::19th Aeromedical Dental Squadron
::19th Aerospace Medicine Squadron
::19th Medical Operations Squadron

The 19th Airlift Wing staff includes a variety of agencies that directly support the wing commander, group commanders and the base population.


==History==
==History==
The [[19th Bombardment Group]] came into being with its activation at [[Rockwell Field]], California, in June 1932.

The 19th Bombardment Wing was formed in 1948 from resources of the former North Guam Air Force Base Command (Provisional). The 19th, with the 19th Bombardment Group as its operational flying unit, operated [[Andersen Air Force Base]] and maintained proficiency in [[Boeing B-29 Superfortress]]es. In May 1949, headquarters [[Twentieth Air Force]] moved from Guam to [[Kadena Air Base]], [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] and its former staff was assigned to the 19th Bomb Wing.<ref name=19AWfacts /><ref name=19BWref>{{cite web|url=http://www.strategic-air-command.com/wings/0019bw.htm|access-date=17 March 2020|title= 19th Bombardment Wing}}</ref>

At Andersen, the wing assumed responsibility for administering two active and one semi-active bases plus an assortment of communication, weather, radar, rescue and other facilities and units including the [[Marianas Air Materiel Area]], a wing size unit. Many of the units and facilities were inactivated with a few months.<ref name=19BWref />

In October 1949, the 19th Wing again became subordinated to Twentieth Air Force and the remaining units in the Marianas and Bonin Islands were transferred to other organizations. From 17 October 1949 until 28 June 1950, the wing continued B-29 training, operation of Anderson and some rescue and reconnaissance missions.<ref name=19BWref />

===Korean War===
[[File:B-29 Dropping 1,000lb Bombs Over Korea August 1951.jpg|thumb|Wing B-29 dropping 1,000 lb bombs over Korea August 1951]]
When the Korean War broke out in late June 1950, the 19th Bombardment Group was immediately detached from the wing for combat operations from Kadena. From Kadena, the wing's operational squadrons ([[28th Bomb Squadron|28th]], [[30th Bombardment Squadron|30th]], [[93d Bomb Squadron|93d]]) attacked [[North Korea]]n invasion forces. The first Superfortress unit in the war, the group on 28 June attacked North Korean storage tanks, [[marshalling yards]], and armor. In the first two months, it flew more than six hundred sorties, supporting [[United Nations]] ground forces by bombing enemy troops, vehicles, and such communications points as the Han River bridges.<ref name=19BWref />

At Kadena, the group was initially under the operational control of Twentieth Air Force. After 8 July 1950, it was attached to Far East Air Forces Bomber Command (Provisional). Many of the aircraft flown by the 19th Bomb Group squadrons in combat were refurbished B-29s that were placed in storage after World War II, then brought back into operational service.

In the north, its targets included an oil refinery and port facilities at [[Wonsan]], a railroad bridge at [[Pyongyang]], and [[Yonpo Airfield]]. After United Nations ground forces pushed the communists out of South Korea, the 19th Group turned to strategic objectives in North Korea, including industrial and hydroelectric facilities. It also continued to attack bridges, marshalling yards, supply centers, artillery and troop positions, barracks, port facilities, and airfields.

In accordance with organizational change within the [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC) and later throughout the entire Air Force, the 19th Bomb Group was inactivated on 1 June 1953 and its squadrons assigned directly to the 19th Bomb Wing, which moved its headquarters to Kadena.

===Cold War===
[[File:B-47E.jpg|thumb|SAC B-47E Stratojets]]
In May 1954, the Wing was reassigned from [[Far East Air Forces]] to SAC and moved to [[Pinecastle Air Force Base]], Florida, turning in its war-weary and obsolete B-29s at [[Davis-Monthan Air Force Base]], Arizona, en route.

In 1954 the propeller-driven B-29s were replaced with new [[Boeing B-47E Stratojet]] swept-wing medium bombers capable of flying at high subsonic speeds and primarily designed for penetrating the airspace of the Soviet Union. They were assigned to the 28th, 30th, and 93rd Bombardment Squadrons.

The wing also gained an [[air refueling]] unit with the [[100th Air Refueling Squadron]] which was attached to the wing from 2 February 1955 until 16 August 1956. In February 1956, the [[19th Air Refueling Squadron]] was permanently assigned to the wing. Both units flew [[Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter]]s.

Early in 1955, the wing deployed to [[Sidi Slimane Air Base]], French Morocco, January – April 1956, and to [[Ben Guerir Air Base]], Morocco, May – July 1957. From July 1957 to April 1961, the wing maintained a portion of its tactical resources on overseas alert. Its B-47s were phased out of the SAC inventory beginning in 1960, sending the wing's last Stratojet to Davis-Monthan in 1961.<ref name=19BWref />

The 19th moved to [[Homestead Air Force Base]], Florida on 1 June 1956 from Pinecastle. At Homestead, the wing consisted of one squadron in Florida (28th BS), and four squadrons:
* 30th Bombardment Squadron
* 93d Bombardment Squadron
* [[525th Bombardment Squadron]]
* [[526th Bombardment Squadron]]

[[File:Boeing B-52G Stratofortress, USA - Air Force AN1443800.jpg|thumb|Wing Boeing B-52G at RAF Fairford]]
The wing converted to the [[Boeing B-52H Stratofortress]] and [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker]] aircraft in 1961–1962. However, most of its aircraft were reassigned. SAC was then in the process of establishing strategic wings and the 19th lost four squadrons to them. This left the 19th with one squadron of B-52Hs (28th BS).

On 7 June 1962, a wing B-52H broke the world record for distance flown on a closed course without landing or refueling. The mission was flown from [[Seymour Johnson Air Force Base]], North Carolina. The flight covered 11,336.92 miles and broke a record set two years earlier by a B-52G of the [[5th Bombardment Wing]].<ref>Knaack, p. 290</ref>

At Homestead, the wing won the Fairchild Trophy in the SAC bombing and navigation competition for 1966.<ref name=19AWfacts />

The 19th moved without personnel or equipment to [[Robins Air Force Base]], Georgia in mid-1968, it absorbed resources of the [[465th Bombardment Wing]] and converted to the B-52G. At Robins, the 19th furnished B–52 [[Operation Arc Light]] crews and KC–135 aircraft and crews supporting [[Yankee Team]], Foreign Legion & [[Young Tiger]] Tanker Task Forces and crews to other SAC organizations. In the spring & summer of 1972, all assigned B-52Gs aircraft & crews deployed to the provisional strategic wing at Andersen Air Force Base and its KC-135A aircraft and crews deployed to the [[376th Strategic Wing]], at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, involved in combat operations in Southeast Asia. In 1972, the wing deployed virtually all its aircraft and crews for combat operations, leaving headquarters at Robins minimally staffed. In November 1973, the wing returned from deployment and resumed normal operations. The 19th Bombardment Wing won the Omaha Trophy as the Outstanding Wing in SAC for 1981.


[[File:Boeing KC-135A Stratotanker (717-146), USA - Air Force AN1117573.jpg|thumb|Wing KC-135A Stratotanker]]
===Origins===
The wing lost its B-52s and was redesignated as the '''19th Air Refueling Wing''' on 1 October 1983. The wing undertook worldwide aerial refueling missions for various operations and exercises and supported the Eielson (Alaskan); Andersen (Pacific); & Spanish (European) Tanker Task Forces. It flew air refueling missions supporting [[Operation Urgent Fury]], the overthrow of the Stalinist regime in [[Grenada]] 23 – 24 October 1983. Beginning in 1984, it provided two EC-135 aircraft and crews to support the [[United States Central Command]] in [[Southwest Asia]].


With conversion to KC-135R aircraft, the wing continued supporting the Alaska and, Pacific Tanker Task Forces in 1988 and the Caribbean Tanker Task Force in March 1990. It flew air refueling missions for the [[Operation Just Cause]], the overthrow of the regime of [[Manuel Noriega]] in Panama 18 – 21 December 1989 and deployed resources to Southwest Asia, August 1990 – March 1991, providing air refueling, cargo, and command, control and communications support.<ref name=19BWref />
The 19th Observation Group was constituted as part of the [[United States Army Air Corps]] on [[October 18]][[1927]]. The unit flew training missions along the [[California]] coast for [[coastal defense]] between [[1932]] and [[1935]], and began [[bombardment]] training in 1935. The unit made aviation history in [[May]] [[1941]] when they flew their [[B-17]]s en mass from California to [[Hawaii]].


It was redesignated the 19th Air Refueling Wing on 1 September 1991. The 19th Operations Group was activated at the same time as the flying component of the wing.<ref name=19BWref />
=== World War II===


===Post Cold War===
The unit was stationed at [[Clark Field]] when the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] attacked on [[December 8]], [[1941]], and suffered numerous casualties and lost many aircraft in the attack. A number of B-17s on maneuvers at Del Monte however and escaped unharmed.
From January 1992, it provided a [[Boeing EC-137 Stratoliner]] and crews to support the [[United States Special Operations Command]], and from August 1992 the wing supported the Saudi Tanker Task Force. It provided air refueling support to [[NATO]] fighters in Bosnia in September – October 1995. Several KC-135R tankers deployed to Southwest Asia to support [[Operation Southern Watch]], January – March 1996 and to Turkey for [[Operation Provide Comfort]], April – June 1996.<ref name=19BWref />


On 1 July 1996, the 19th Air Refueling Wing was inactivated, and its functions turned over to its operations group, redesignated the 19th Air Refueling Group.<ref name=19BWref />
During [[December]] [[1941]], the 19th began [[reconnaissance]] and bombardment operations against Japanese shipping and landing parties. By the end of the year, ground personnel joined [[infantry]] units defending the [[Philippines]], while the air echelon moved to [[Australia]] to transport supplies from there to the Philippines and to evacuate personnel.


===19th Airlift Wing===
The group flew [[B-17]]s, [[B-24]]s, and [[LB-30]]s from [[Java]] against enemy [[airfield]]s, [[shipping]], and ground installations during the Japanese offensive in the [[Philippines]] and [[Netherlands East Indies]] during early [[1942]]. It participated in the [[Battle of the Coral Sea]], in May 1942, and raided enemy transportation and communications targets as well as troop concentrations during the Japanese invasion of [[Papua New Guinea]]. The group bombed enemy airdromes, ground installations, and shipping near [[Rabaul]], [[New Britain]] in August 1942.
The 19th was reactivated at [[Little Rock Air Force Base]] on 1 October 2008 as the '''19th Airlift Wing.'''<ref name=19AWfacts /> It is also the sponsor unit of Cadet Squadron 19 "Wolverines" at the [[United States Air Force Academy]].


==Lineage==
It served in the continental United States as a replacement training organization from January to November [[1943]]. The group was largely unmanned from December 1943 to April [[1944]], but was restaffed at [[Great Bend AAB]] in [[Kansas]], and began training for [[B-29]] combat missions. From [[Guam]], it conducted its first B-29 bombing raid on [[February 25]], [[1945]], against [[Tokyo]]. The group flew 65 raids on the Japanese home islands, bombing strategic targets in Japan, participating in [[Incendiary device|incendiary]] bomb attacks against Japanese cities, and attacked [[kamikaze]] airfields during the invasion of [[Okinawa]] in the spring of 1945.
* Constituted as the '''19th Bombardment Wing''', Medium on 10 August 1948
: Activated on 17 August 1948
: Redesignated '''19th Bombardment Wing''', Heavy on 1 July 1961
: Redesignated '''19th Air Refueling Wing''', Heavy on 1 October 1983
: Redesignated '''19th Air Refueling Wing''' on 1 September 1991
: Inactivated on 1 July 1996
* Redesignated: '''19th Airlift Wing''' on 18 September 2008
: Activated on 1 October 2008<ref name=19AWfacts/>


=== Korean War ===
===Assignments===
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break|width=50%}}
* Twentieth Air Force, 17 August 1948
* Far East Air Forces, 16 May 1949
* Twentieth Air Force, 17 October 1949 (attached to Far East Air Forces Bomber Command, Provisional, 1 June 1953 – c. 28 May 1954)
* [[Second Air Force]], 11 June 1954 (attached to 813th Air Division Provisional until 14 July 1954)
* [[813th Air Division]], 15 July 1954
: Attached to [[5th Air Division]], 7 January-11 April 1956
{{Col-break|width=50%}}
* [[823d Air Division]], 1 June 1956 (attached to 5th Air Division, 8 May-7 July 1957)
* [[57th Air Division]], 25 July 1968
* 823d Air Division, 2 July 1969
* [[42d Air Division]], 30 June 1971
* [[Eighth Air Force]], 16 June 1988
* [[Fifteenth Air Force]], 1 September 1991
* [[Twenty-First Air Force]], 1 July 1993 – 1 July 1996
: [[Eighteenth Air Force]] (Air Forces Transportation), 1 October 2008 – present<ref name=19AWfacts/>
{{Col-end}}


===Components===
In the late [[1940s]], the 19th conducted sea-search, photographic mapping, and training missions in the western Pacific. When the [[Korean War]] broke out in late June [[1950]], the group attacked the invading forces of [[North Korea]]. In July 1950, it detached from the 19th Air Refueling Wing, moved to Okinawa, and continued bombardment operations against North Korean troops, supply dumps, and other [[infrastructure]] until its deactivation in [[1953]].
'''Groups'''
* [[19th Bombardment Group]] (later 19th Operations Group): 17 August 1948 – 1 June 1953 (detached after 28 June 1950); 1 September 1991 – 1 July 1996
* [[457th Operations Group]]: 1 July 1993 – 1 October 1994<ref name=19AWfacts/>


'''Squadrons'''
=== 1990-Present===
* 19th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 February 1956 – 1 April 1960 (detached 1 February – 30 June 1956)
* 21st Troop Carrier: attached 12 January – 1 February 1950
* 28th Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 October 1983
* 30th Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 January 1962
* 93d Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 August 1961
* [[99th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 October 1983 – 1 September 1991
* 100th Air Refueling Squadron: attached 2 February 1955 – 16 August 1956
* [[303d Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 November 1959 – 1 April 1961
* [[407th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 April 1962 – 2 July 1968
* 525th Bombardment Squadron: 9 January – 15 March 1961
* 526th Bombardment Squadron 9 January – June 1961
* [[659th Bombardment Squadron]]: 1 November 1958 – 1 July 1961
* [[912th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 25 July 1968 – 1 September 1991<ref name=19AWfacts/>


===Stations===
From September [[1991]], the group conducted worldwide [[aerial refueling]] for U.S. and allied aircraft and supported worldwide tanker task forces, contingency operations, and humanitarian operations. The group provided command control support for [[US Central Command]] and, until [[1994]], for [[United States Special Operations Command|Special Operations Command]]. In the fall of 1994 it added the mission of flying cargo-only missions.
* North Field (later North Guam Air Force Base; Andersen Air Force Base), [[Guam]], 17 August 1948
* Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, 1 June 1953 – 28 May 1954
* Pinecastle Air Force Base, Florida, 11 June 1954
* Homestead Air Force Base, Florida, 1 June 1956
* Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, 25 July 1968 – 1 July 1996
* Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, 1 October 2008 – present<ref name=19AWfacts/>


===Aircraft===
In July [[1996]] the 19th Air Refueling Group took over the inactivated 19th Air Refueling Wing's in-flight refueling mission. One of only two special operations qualified tanker units, it provided critical support to the special operations task force that rescued a downed USAF [[F-117A]] pilot in [[Serbia]] during [[Operation Allied Force|Operation ALLIED FORCE]] in [[1999]].
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break|width=50%}}
* Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1948–1954
* Boeing B-47 Stratojet, 1954–1961
* Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter, 1955–1961
* Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, 1962–1972, 1973–1983
{{Col-break|width=50%}}
* Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker, 1962–1972, 1973–1996, 1996–2008
* Boeing EC-135, 1984–1996
* Boeing EC-137, 1991–1994
* [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules]] 2008 – present<ref name=19AWfacts/>
{{Col-end}}


==See also==
During the [[War on Terror]] the unit provided air refueling support for special operations against the [[Taliban]] in [[Operation Enduring Freedom|Operation ENDURING FREEDOM]], as well as [[Operation Iraqi Freedom|Operation IRAQI FREEDOM]].
* [[List of B-47 units of the United States Air Force]]
* [[List of B-52 Units of the United States Air Force]]


===Lineage===
==References==
* Authorized as '''19th Observation Group''' on [[18 Oct]] [[1927]].
* Redesignated '''19th Bombardment Group''' on [[8 May]] [[1929]]. Activated on [[24 Jun]] [[1932]].
* Redesignated '''19th Bombardment Group (Heavy)''' on [[17 Oct]] [[1939]];
* Redesignated '''19th Bombardment Group, Very Heavy''' on [[28 Mar]] [[1944]]. Inactivated on [[1 Apr]] [[1944]]. Activated on 1 Apr 1944.
* Redesignated '''19th Bombardment Group''', Medium on [[10 Aug]] [[1948]]. Inactivated on [[1 Jun]] [[1953]].
* Redesignated '''19th Air Refueling Group''', Heavy on [[31 Jul]] [[1985]];
* Redesignated '''19th Operations Group''' on [[29 Aug]] [[1991]]. Activated on [[1 Sep]] [[1991]].
* Redesignated '''19th Air Refueling Group''' on [[1 Jul]] [[1996]].


; Notes
==Component==
{{reflist|group=note}}
*[[7th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 Jun 1992-1 Jan 1993.
*[[14th Bombardment Squadron]]: attached 2 Dec 1941-c. 14 Mar 1942.
*[[23d Observation Squadron]]: 24 Jun 1932-12 Oct 1938 (detached entire period).
*[[28th Bombardment Squadron]]: 16 Nov 1941-1 Apr 1944; 1 Apr 1944-1 Jun 1953.
*[[30th Bomb Squadron|30th Observation]] (later, Bombardment) Squadron: 24 Jun 1932-1 Apr 1944; 1 Apr 1944-1 Jun 1953.
*[[32d Observation Squadron]] (later, Bombardment): 24 Jun 1932-16 Dec 1941 (detached 22 Oct-16 Dec 1941).
*[[435th Training Squadron|40th Reconnaissance Squadron]] (later, 435th Bombardment): 14 Mar 1942-1 Apr 1944 (detached c. 17 Jul-c. 24 Sep 1942); 1 Apr-10 May 1944.
*[[93d Bombardment Squadron]]: 20 Oct 1939-1 Apr 1944; 1 Apr 1944-1 Jun 1953.
*[[99th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 Sep 1991-.
*[[384th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 Jun 1992-1 Jan 1994.
*[[712th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 Apr 1994-1 Jul 1996.
*[[912th Air Refueling Squadron]]: 1 Sep 1991-1 Apr 1994.


; Citations
{{reflist|30em}}


==External Links==
===Bibliography===
{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
* {{cite book |last1=Crawford |first1=Capt. William Jr. |first2=Ted |last2=Saucier |title=Gore and Glory – A Story of American Heroism |location=Philadelphia |publisher=David McKay Company |year=1944 |name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite book|last=Futrell|first= Robert F.|title= The United States Air Forces in Korea 1950–1953|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329903/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-022.pdf|access-date=17 December 2016|year=1983|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location= Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-71-4}}
* {{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|orig-year= 1961|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/21/2001330256/-1/-1/0/AFD-100921-044.pdf|access-date= 17 December 2016|edition=reprint|year=1983|publisher= Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-02-1|lccn=61060979}}
* {{cite book|editor=Maurer, Maurer|title=Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II|orig-year=1969|url= http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf |edition= reprint|access-date= 17 December 2016|year=1982|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-405-12194-6|oclc=72556|lccn=70605402}}
* {{cite book|last=Ravenstein|first=Charles A.|title=Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977|url=https://archive.org/details/airforcecombatwi0000rave|access-date=17 December 2016|year=1984|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-12-9|url-access=registration}}


==External links==
[http://www.robins.af.mil/19arg/default.htm 19th Air Refueling Group]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/agency/19bw.htm 19th Bomb Wing (Heavy) Strategic Air Command (SAC) on GlobalSecurity.org]


{{US Air Force navbox}}
[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/usaf/19arg.htm 19th Air Refueling Group on GlobalSecurity.org]
{{USAF Air Mobility Command}}
{{Navboxes
|list =
{{Strategic Air Command}}
{{USAF Korea}}
{{USAF air refueling units}}
}}


[[Category:United States Air Force groups|Air Refueling 019]]
[[Category:Airlift wings of the United States Air Force|0019]]
[[Category:Military units and formations in Arkansas]]

Latest revision as of 21:48, 30 August 2024

"19th Bombardment Wing" redirects here. For the 19th Bombardment Wing of World War II, see 19th Air Division.

19th Airlift Wing
19th Airlift Wing C-130 Hercules aircraft at Little Rock AFB
Active1948–1996; 2008–present
Country United States
Branch United States Air Force
RoleAirlift
Part ofAir Mobility Command
Garrison/HQLittle Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas
Nickname(s)"Black Knights"[citation needed]
Motto(s)In Alis Vincimus Latin (On Wings We Conquer)
Engagements
  • World War II
American Theater
(1942–1944)
-Asiatic-Pacific Campaign
(1941–1942, 1944–1945)
  • Korean Service (1950–1953)
  • Grenada (1983)
  • Southwest Asia (1990–1991)[1]
DecorationsAir Force Outstanding Unit Award
Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation[1]
Commanders
Current
commander		Colonel Denny Davies [1]
Insignia
19th Airlift Wing emblem (approved 9 May 1952, modified 19 September 1983)[1][note 1]

The 19th Airlift Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Air Mobility Command's Eighteenth Air Force. It is stationed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. The wing is also the host unit at Little Rock.

The Wing provides the Department of Defense its largest Lockheed C-130 Hercules transport fleet, supplying humanitarian airlift relief to victims of disasters, to airdropping supplies and troops into the heart of contingency operations in hostile areas.[2]

Active for over 60 years, the 19th was part of Strategic Air Command's deterrent force during the Cold War. The wing served in the Korean War and Operation Desert Storm. It is currently engaged in combat operations.[when?]

The 19th Airlift Wing is commanded by Colonel Denny Davies. Its Command Chief Master Sergeant is Chief Master Sergeant Nicholas Tonino.

Units

[edit]

The 19th Airlift Wing is organized into a quad-group structure:

Plans, trains, and executes air and space power for operational levels of war.
19th Operations Support Squadron
34th Combat Training Squadron
41st Airlift Squadron, C-130J
52d Airlift Squadron, C-130H (Peterson AFB, Colorado – associate with Air Force Reserve 302d Airlift Wing)
53d Airlift Squadron, C-130J
61st Airlift Squadron, C-130J
  • 19th Maintenance Group
Performs all maintenance on assigned C-130 aircraft.
19th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
19th Maintenance Squadron
19th Maintenance Operations
  • 19th Mission Support Group
Encompasses the support and logistic functions for the base. The group includes contracting, civil engineer, communications, security forces, force support and the logistic readiness squadrons.
Provides responsive care and services to the base population and ensures a fit and medically ready active duty force.
19th Aeromedical Dental Squadron
19th Aerospace Medicine Squadron
19th Medical Operations Squadron

The 19th Airlift Wing staff includes a variety of agencies that directly support the wing commander, group commanders and the base population.

History

[edit]

The 19th Bombardment Group came into being with its activation at Rockwell Field, California, in June 1932.

The 19th Bombardment Wing was formed in 1948 from resources of the former North Guam Air Force Base Command (Provisional). The 19th, with the 19th Bombardment Group as its operational flying unit, operated Andersen Air Force Base and maintained proficiency in Boeing B-29 Superfortresses. In May 1949, headquarters Twentieth Air Force moved from Guam to Kadena Air Base, Okinawa and its former staff was assigned to the 19th Bomb Wing.[1][3]

At Andersen, the wing assumed responsibility for administering two active and one semi-active bases plus an assortment of communication, weather, radar, rescue and other facilities and units including the Marianas Air Materiel Area, a wing size unit. Many of the units and facilities were inactivated with a few months.[3]

In October 1949, the 19th Wing again became subordinated to Twentieth Air Force and the remaining units in the Marianas and Bonin Islands were transferred to other organizations. From 17 October 1949 until 28 June 1950, the wing continued B-29 training, operation of Anderson and some rescue and reconnaissance missions.[3]

Korean War

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Wing B-29 dropping 1,000 lb bombs over Korea August 1951

When the Korean War broke out in late June 1950, the 19th Bombardment Group was immediately detached from the wing for combat operations from Kadena. From Kadena, the wing's operational squadrons (28th, 30th, 93d) attacked North Korean invasion forces. The first Superfortress unit in the war, the group on 28 June attacked North Korean storage tanks, marshalling yards, and armor. In the first two months, it flew more than six hundred sorties, supporting United Nations ground forces by bombing enemy troops, vehicles, and such communications points as the Han River bridges.[3]

At Kadena, the group was initially under the operational control of Twentieth Air Force. After 8 July 1950, it was attached to Far East Air Forces Bomber Command (Provisional). Many of the aircraft flown by the 19th Bomb Group squadrons in combat were refurbished B-29s that were placed in storage after World War II, then brought back into operational service.

In the north, its targets included an oil refinery and port facilities at Wonsan, a railroad bridge at Pyongyang, and Yonpo Airfield. After United Nations ground forces pushed the communists out of South Korea, the 19th Group turned to strategic objectives in North Korea, including industrial and hydroelectric facilities. It also continued to attack bridges, marshalling yards, supply centers, artillery and troop positions, barracks, port facilities, and airfields.

In accordance with organizational change within the Strategic Air Command (SAC) and later throughout the entire Air Force, the 19th Bomb Group was inactivated on 1 June 1953 and its squadrons assigned directly to the 19th Bomb Wing, which moved its headquarters to Kadena.

Cold War

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SAC B-47E Stratojets

In May 1954, the Wing was reassigned from Far East Air Forces to SAC and moved to Pinecastle Air Force Base, Florida, turning in its war-weary and obsolete B-29s at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, en route.

In 1954 the propeller-driven B-29s were replaced with new Boeing B-47E Stratojet swept-wing medium bombers capable of flying at high subsonic speeds and primarily designed for penetrating the airspace of the Soviet Union. They were assigned to the 28th, 30th, and 93rd Bombardment Squadrons.

The wing also gained an air refueling unit with the 100th Air Refueling Squadron which was attached to the wing from 2 February 1955 until 16 August 1956. In February 1956, the 19th Air Refueling Squadron was permanently assigned to the wing. Both units flew Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighters.

Early in 1955, the wing deployed to Sidi Slimane Air Base, French Morocco, January – April 1956, and to Ben Guerir Air Base, Morocco, May – July 1957. From July 1957 to April 1961, the wing maintained a portion of its tactical resources on overseas alert. Its B-47s were phased out of the SAC inventory beginning in 1960, sending the wing's last Stratojet to Davis-Monthan in 1961.[3]

The 19th moved to Homestead Air Force Base, Florida on 1 June 1956 from Pinecastle. At Homestead, the wing consisted of one squadron in Florida (28th BS), and four squadrons:

Wing Boeing B-52G at RAF Fairford

The wing converted to the Boeing B-52H Stratofortress and Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft in 1961–1962. However, most of its aircraft were reassigned. SAC was then in the process of establishing strategic wings and the 19th lost four squadrons to them. This left the 19th with one squadron of B-52Hs (28th BS).

On 7 June 1962, a wing B-52H broke the world record for distance flown on a closed course without landing or refueling. The mission was flown from Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. The flight covered 11,336.92 miles and broke a record set two years earlier by a B-52G of the 5th Bombardment Wing.[4]

At Homestead, the wing won the Fairchild Trophy in the SAC bombing and navigation competition for 1966.[1]

The 19th moved without personnel or equipment to Robins Air Force Base, Georgia in mid-1968, it absorbed resources of the 465th Bombardment Wing and converted to the B-52G. At Robins, the 19th furnished B–52 Operation Arc Light crews and KC–135 aircraft and crews supporting Yankee Team, Foreign Legion & Young Tiger Tanker Task Forces and crews to other SAC organizations. In the spring & summer of 1972, all assigned B-52Gs aircraft & crews deployed to the provisional strategic wing at Andersen Air Force Base and its KC-135A aircraft and crews deployed to the 376th Strategic Wing, at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, involved in combat operations in Southeast Asia. In 1972, the wing deployed virtually all its aircraft and crews for combat operations, leaving headquarters at Robins minimally staffed. In November 1973, the wing returned from deployment and resumed normal operations. The 19th Bombardment Wing won the Omaha Trophy as the Outstanding Wing in SAC for 1981.

Wing KC-135A Stratotanker

The wing lost its B-52s and was redesignated as the 19th Air Refueling Wing on 1 October 1983. The wing undertook worldwide aerial refueling missions for various operations and exercises and supported the Eielson (Alaskan); Andersen (Pacific); & Spanish (European) Tanker Task Forces. It flew air refueling missions supporting Operation Urgent Fury, the overthrow of the Stalinist regime in Grenada 23 – 24 October 1983. Beginning in 1984, it provided two EC-135 aircraft and crews to support the United States Central Command in Southwest Asia.

With conversion to KC-135R aircraft, the wing continued supporting the Alaska and, Pacific Tanker Task Forces in 1988 and the Caribbean Tanker Task Force in March 1990. It flew air refueling missions for the Operation Just Cause, the overthrow of the regime of Manuel Noriega in Panama 18 – 21 December 1989 and deployed resources to Southwest Asia, August 1990 – March 1991, providing air refueling, cargo, and command, control and communications support.[3]

It was redesignated the 19th Air Refueling Wing on 1 September 1991. The 19th Operations Group was activated at the same time as the flying component of the wing.[3]

Post Cold War

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From January 1992, it provided a Boeing EC-137 Stratoliner and crews to support the United States Special Operations Command, and from August 1992 the wing supported the Saudi Tanker Task Force. It provided air refueling support to NATO fighters in Bosnia in September – October 1995. Several KC-135R tankers deployed to Southwest Asia to support Operation Southern Watch, January – March 1996 and to Turkey for Operation Provide Comfort, April – June 1996.[3]

On 1 July 1996, the 19th Air Refueling Wing was inactivated, and its functions turned over to its operations group, redesignated the 19th Air Refueling Group.[3]

19th Airlift Wing

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The 19th was reactivated at Little Rock Air Force Base on 1 October 2008 as the 19th Airlift Wing.[1] It is also the sponsor unit of Cadet Squadron 19 "Wolverines" at the United States Air Force Academy.

Lineage

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  • Constituted as the 19th Bombardment Wing, Medium on 10 August 1948
Activated on 17 August 1948
Redesignated 19th Bombardment Wing, Heavy on 1 July 1961
Redesignated 19th Air Refueling Wing, Heavy on 1 October 1983
Redesignated 19th Air Refueling Wing on 1 September 1991
Inactivated on 1 July 1996
  • Redesignated: 19th Airlift Wing on 18 September 2008
Activated on 1 October 2008[1]

Assignments

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Components

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Groups

Squadrons

  • 19th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 February 1956 – 1 April 1960 (detached 1 February – 30 June 1956)
  • 21st Troop Carrier: attached 12 January – 1 February 1950
  • 28th Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 October 1983
  • 30th Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 January 1962
  • 93d Bombardment Squadron: 1 June 1953 – 1 August 1961
  • 99th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 October 1983 – 1 September 1991
  • 100th Air Refueling Squadron: attached 2 February 1955 – 16 August 1956
  • 303d Air Refueling Squadron: 1 November 1959 – 1 April 1961
  • 407th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 April 1962 – 2 July 1968
  • 525th Bombardment Squadron: 9 January – 15 March 1961
  • 526th Bombardment Squadron 9 January – June 1961
  • 659th Bombardment Squadron: 1 November 1958 – 1 July 1961
  • 912th Air Refueling Squadron: 25 July 1968 – 1 September 1991[1]

Stations

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  • North Field (later North Guam Air Force Base; Andersen Air Force Base), Guam, 17 August 1948
  • Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, 1 June 1953 – 28 May 1954
  • Pinecastle Air Force Base, Florida, 11 June 1954
  • Homestead Air Force Base, Florida, 1 June 1956
  • Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, 25 July 1968 – 1 July 1996
  • Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, 1 October 2008 – present[1]

Aircraft

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See also

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References

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Notes
  1. ^ The Wing's emblem, first approved for the 19th Bombardment Group in slightly different form in 1936, shows a winged sword in front of the constellation of Pegasus, indicating both the striking force and navigation capability of the unit.
Citations
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Robertson, Patsy (19 June 2017). "Factsheet 19 Airlift Wing (AMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
  2. ^ "Little Rock Air Force Base Snapshot" (PDF). Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "19th Bombardment Wing". Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  4. ^ Knaack, p. 290

Bibliography

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Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

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