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{{Short description|Japanese artist (1861–1939)}}
{{Japanese name|Kiyohara}}
{{family name hatnote|Kiyohara|lang=Japanese}}
{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name= Kiyohara Tama
| name= Kiyohara Tama
| image= KiyoharaTama.jpg
| image= KiyoharaTama.jpg
| caption= Tama Kiyohara in Palermo (circa 1882–1883)
| caption= Tama Kiyohara in Palermo ({{circa|1882}}–1883)
| birth_name=
| birth_name=
| birth_date= {{birth-date|1861}}
| birth_date= {{Birth date|1861|07|17}}
| birth_place= [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]
| birth_place= [[Edo]], Japan
| death_date= {{birth-date|1939}} (aged 77–78)
| death_date= {{Death date and age|1939|04|06|1861|07|17}}
| death_place= Tokyo, Japan
| death_place= [[Tokyo]], [[Empire of Japan|Japan]]
| nationality= [[Japan]]ese
| nationality= [[Japan]]ese
| field= [[Painting]]
| field= [[Painting]]
| training=
| training=
| movement=
| movement=
| works=
| works=
| patrons=
| patrons=
| influenced by=
| influenced by=
| influenced=
| influenced=
| awards=
| awards=
}}
}}


{{nihongo|'''Kiyohara Tama'''|清原玉}} (1861–1939), also known as {{nihongo|Kiyohara Otama|清原お玉}} or ''O'Tama Chiovara'',<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Zz0bAAAAYAAJ ''Dizionario degli Artisti Italiani Viventi: pittori, scultori, e Architetti''], by [[Angelo de Gubernatis]]. Tipe dei Successori Le Monnier, 1889, pages 338-339.</ref> {{nihongo|Eleonora Ragusa|エレオノーラ・ラグーザ}}, or {{nihongo|Ragusa Tama|ラグーザ・玉}} was a Japanese painter who spent most of her life in the Sicilian city of [[Palermo]]. Her maiden name was {{nihongo|Kiyohara Tamayo|清原多代}}.
{{nihongo|'''Kiyohara Tama'''|清原玉}} (1861 – 1939), also known as {{nihongo|Kiyohara Otama|清原お玉}} or ''O'Tama Chiovara'',<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Zz0bAAAAYAAJ ''Dizionario degli Artisti Italiani Viventi: pittori, scultori, e Architetti''], by [[Angelo de Gubernatis]]. Tipe dei Successori Le Monnier, 1889, pages 338-339.</ref> {{nihongo|Eleonora Ragusa|エレオノーラ・ラグーザ}}, or {{nihongo|Ragusa Tama|ラグーザ・玉}} was a Japanese painter who spent most of her life in the Sicilian city of [[Palermo]]. Her maiden name was {{nihongo|Kiyohara Tayo|清原多代}}.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Kiyohara Tamayo was the second daughter of Kiyohara Einosuke, manager of the famous [[Zōjō-ji]] temple in Shiba-Shinbori, [[Minato, Tokyo]], Japan.<ref name="NRI"/> She started studying seriously painting with a Japanese master even before entering elementary school.<ref name="NRI">National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo</ref><ref name="Minato">Prominent people of Minato City</ref> Her life suddenly changed when Sicilian sculptor [[Vincenzo Ragusa]], for whom she had modeled when she was just 17, after spending six years in Japan as a sculpture professor decided to go home in 1882 bringing with him Kiyohara Einosuke, Kiyohara's wife and 21-year-old Tamayo.<ref name="NRI"/>
Kiyohara Tayo was the second daughter of Kiyohara Einosuke, intendant of [[Zōjō-ji]] temple in Shiba, [[Minato, Tokyo]], Japan.<ref name="NRI"/> She started seriously studying painting with a Japanese master even before entering elementary school.<ref name="NRI">National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo</ref><ref name="Minato">Prominent people of Minato City</ref> Her life suddenly changed when Sicilian sculptor [[Vincenzo Ragusa]], for whom she had modeled when she was just 17, after spending six years in Japan as a sculpture professor, decided to go home in 1882 taking with him Kiyohara Einosuke, Kiyohara's wife and 21-year-old Tayo.<ref name="NRI"/>


In Palermo, Ragusa opened the Scuola Superiore d'Arte Applicata, employing Kiyohara and his wife as instructors to introduce Japanese lacquer techniques to Italy, but difficulties in obtaining the necessary raw materials caused the school's closure, and Kiyohara and his wife returned to Japan after six years in Palermo.<ref name="NRI"/> They left behind their daughter Tamayo, who married Ragusa in 1889,<ref name="NRI"/> and adopted the Italian name of Eleonora Ragusa.
In Palermo, Ragusa opened the Scuola Superiore d'Arte Applicata, employing Kiyohara and his wife as instructors to introduce Japanese lacquer techniques to Italy, but difficulties in obtaining the necessary raw materials caused the school's closure, and Kiyohara and his wife returned to Japan after six years in Palermo.<ref name="NRI"/> They left behind their daughter, who married Ragusa in 1889,<ref name="NRI"/> and took the Italian name Eleonora.


She continued to be active in the arts and was nominated vice-principal of an art school Vincenzo opened in Palermo.<ref name="Minato"/> The school, called “Museo Artistico Industriale, Scuole Officine”, was opened in 1884 with public funds in Palazzo Belvedere (Casa Benzo).<ref name="storia"/> He headed the male section, she the female section.<ref name="storia">Storia</ref> The school still exists under the name of Istituto d'Arte di Palermo.<ref name="storia"/>
Tama continued to be active in the arts and was nominated vice-principal of the art school which Vincenzo opened in Palermo.<ref name="Minato"/> The school, called Museo Artistico Industriale, Scuole Officine, opened in 1884 with public funds in Palazzo Belvedere (Casa Benzo).<ref name="storia"/> He headed the men's section, she the women's section.<ref name="storia">Storia</ref> The school still exists as Istituto Statale d'Arte di Palermo.<ref name="storia"/>


In Italy, she was admired for her works in watercolor, including still-lives with flowers, but also figures and landscapes. She won many prizes in the exhibitions in the Casino of Fine Arts of Palermo. She also excelled in embroidery, winning a gold medal for her work at an exhibition in Rome.<ref>Gubernatis.</ref>
In Italy, Tama was admired for her works in watercolor, including still-lives with flowers, but also figures and landscapes. She won many prizes at exhibitions in the Casino of Fine Arts of Palermo. She also excelled in embroidery, winning a gold medal for her work at an exhibition in Rome.<ref>Gubernatis.</ref>


After her husband's death in 1927, two Japanese newspapers, the Osaka Mainichi Shinbun and the Tokyo Nichinichi Shinbun, found out about her story and published a serialized novel about it, bringing Tamayo to fame in her homeland.<ref name="UN">Urayasu News</ref> By then she could barely speak [[Japanese language|Japanese]] anymore, but she decided to go back. After her return, she opened an atelier in Shiba Shinbori, where she died some years later.<ref name="UN"/> She is buried at her [[bodaiji|family temple]], Chōgen-ji.<ref name="Minato"/> Kiyohara was herself a painter of great skill, but most of the works she left in Japan were destroyed during [[World War II]], while those left in Italy are still exhibited in various private collections.
After her husband's death in 1927, two Japanese newspapers, the Osaka [[Mainichi Shimbun|''Mainichi Shinbun'']] and the Tokyo [[Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun|''Nichinichi Shinbun'']], found out about her story and published a serialized novel about it, bringing Tama to fame in her homeland.<ref name="UN">Urayasu News</ref> By then she could barely speak [[Japanese language|Japanese]] anymore, but she decided to go back. After her return, she opened an atelier in Shiba Shinbori, where she died some years later.<ref name="UN"/> She is buried at her [[bodaiji|family temple]], Chōgen-ji.<ref name="Minato"/> Kiyohara was a painter of great skill, but most of the works she left in Japan were destroyed during [[World War II]], while those left in Italy are still exhibited in various private collections.


According to her wishes, half of her ashes are in Japan, half lie in Palermo next to her husband's grave.
According to her wishes, half of her ashes are in Japan, and half lie in Palermo next to her husband's grave.


== In popular culture ==
== In popular culture ==
Tama features in the 2018 novel ''[[The Death of Noah Glass]]'' by Australian author [[Gail Jones]], in which the eponymous character is accused of being involved in the theft and smuggling of a sculpture of Eleonora by Vincenzo Ragusa.
Tama features in the 2018 novel ''[[The Death of Noah Glass]]'' by Australian author [[Gail Jones (writer)|Gail Jones]], in which the eponymous character is accused of being involved in the theft and smuggling of a sculpture of Eleonora by Vincenzo Ragusa.


== Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


== References ==
== References ==
*[http://www.tobunken.go.jp/~bijutsu/english/publications/bijutukenkyu/abstract/68.html Vincenzo Ragusa and his work], National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* [http://www.tobunken.go.jp/~bijutsu/english/publications/bijutukenkyu/abstract/68.html Vincenzo Ragusa and his work] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208014942/http://www.tobunken.go.jp/~bijutsu/english/publications/bijutukenkyu/abstract/68.html |date=2012-02-08 }}, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530084629/http://www.urayasu-news.jp/2006/04/post_51.html Meiji Sandai Kokusai Romansu], Urayasu News, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530084629/http://www.urayasu-news.jp/2006/04/post_51.html Meiji Sandai Kokusai Romansu], Urayasu News, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20080123095850/http://jin3.jp/otera/chougenji.htm Chōgen-ji] temple site, article about Kiyohara Tama, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20080123095850/http://jin3.jp/otera/chougenji.htm Chōgen-ji] temple site, article about Kiyohara Tama, retrieved on July 10, 2008
*[http://www.lib.city.minato.tokyo.jp/yukari/e/man-detail.cgi?id=99 Tama Ragusa], from Prominent People of Minato City, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* [http://www.lib.city.minato.tokyo.jp/yukari/e/man-detail.cgi?id=99 Tama Ragusa], from Prominent People of Minato City, retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530132930/http://www2.rosenet.ne.jp/~shiba-e/guide2.html Ragusa Tama] retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530132930/http://www2.rosenet.ne.jp/~shiba-e/guide2.html Ragusa Tama] retrieved on July 10, 2008
* {{in lang|it}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530095009/http://www.mediartepalermo.it/storia.html Storia], Scuola Media Annessa all'Istituto d'Arte di Palermo, retrieved on July 10, 2008.
* {{in lang|it}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090530095009/http://www.mediartepalermo.it/storia.html Storia], Scuola Media Annessa all'Istituto d'Arte di Palermo, retrieved on July 10, 2008.


== External links ==
== External links ==
⚫
{{commons category|Kiyohara Tama}}
* {{in lang|ja}} [http://db.am.geidai.ac.jp/object.cgi?id=7328 Vincenzo Ragusa] — Bust of Kiyohara Tama.
* {{in lang|ja}} [http://db.am.geidai.ac.jp/object.cgi?id=7328 Vincenzo Ragusa] — Bust of Kiyohara Tama.
* {{in lang|it}} [http://www.grifasi-sicilia.com/kiyohara.html Kiyohara Tama] — Self-portrait
* {{in lang|it}} [http://www.grifasi-sicilia.com/kiyohara.html Kiyohara Tama] — Self-portrait
* {{in lang|ja}} [http://db.am.geidai.ac.jp/object.cgi?id=7327 Vincenzo Ragusa] — Bust of Kiyohara Tama.
* {{in lang|ja}} [http://db.am.geidai.ac.jp/object.cgi?id=7327 Vincenzo Ragusa] — Bust of Kiyohara Tama
* (in English) [https://www.dailyartmagazine.com/eleonora-ragusa-or-otama-kiyohara-japanese-painter-in-sicily/ Eleonora Ragusa or O'Tama Kiyohara: Japanese Painter in Sicily]


⚫
{{Authority control (arts)}}
⚫
{{commons category|Kiyohara Tama}}

⚫
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kiyohara, Tama}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kiyohara, Tama}}
[[Category:Japanese painters]]
[[Category:1861 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:19th-century Japanese painters]]
[[Category:19th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:19th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:Sicilian painters]]
[[Category:Painters from Palermo]]
[[Category:Italian women painters]]
[[Category:Italian women painters]]
[[Category:Japanese women artists]]
[[Category:Japanese women artists]]
[[Category:1861 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese women artists]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century women painters]]
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[[Category:20th-century women artists]]
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[[Category:19th-century women artists]]
[[Category:Japanese artists' models]]
[[Category:Japanese artists' models]]
[[Category:Japanese expatriates in Italy]]
[[Category:Artists from Tokyo]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian women]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese painters]]
⚫
[[Category:20th-century women painters]]

Latest revision as of 08:26, 26 June 2024

In this Japanese name, the surname is Kiyohara.
Kiyohara Tama
Tama Kiyohara in Palermo (c. 1882–1883)
Born(1861-07-17)July 17, 1861
Edo, Japan
DiedApril 6, 1939(1939-04-06) (aged 77)
Tokyo, Japan
NationalityJapanese
Known forPainting

Kiyohara Tama (清原玉) (1861 – 1939), also known as Kiyohara Otama (清原お玉) or O'Tama Chiovara,[1] Eleonora Ragusa (エレオノーラ・ラグーザ), or Ragusa Tama (ラグーザ・玉) was a Japanese painter who spent most of her life in the Sicilian city of Palermo. Her maiden name was Kiyohara Tayo (清原多代).

Biography

[edit]

Kiyohara Tayo was the second daughter of Kiyohara Einosuke, intendant of Zōjō-ji temple in Shiba, Minato, Tokyo, Japan.[2] She started seriously studying painting with a Japanese master even before entering elementary school.[2][3] Her life suddenly changed when Sicilian sculptor Vincenzo Ragusa, for whom she had modeled when she was just 17, after spending six years in Japan as a sculpture professor, decided to go home in 1882 taking with him Kiyohara Einosuke, Kiyohara's wife and 21-year-old Tayo.[2]

In Palermo, Ragusa opened the Scuola Superiore d'Arte Applicata, employing Kiyohara and his wife as instructors to introduce Japanese lacquer techniques to Italy, but difficulties in obtaining the necessary raw materials caused the school's closure, and Kiyohara and his wife returned to Japan after six years in Palermo.[2] They left behind their daughter, who married Ragusa in 1889,[2] and took the Italian name Eleonora.

Tama continued to be active in the arts and was nominated vice-principal of the art school which Vincenzo opened in Palermo.[3] The school, called Museo Artistico Industriale, Scuole Officine, opened in 1884 with public funds in Palazzo Belvedere (Casa Benzo).[4] He headed the men's section, she the women's section.[4] The school still exists as Istituto Statale d'Arte di Palermo.[4]

In Italy, Tama was admired for her works in watercolor, including still-lives with flowers, but also figures and landscapes. She won many prizes at exhibitions in the Casino of Fine Arts of Palermo. She also excelled in embroidery, winning a gold medal for her work at an exhibition in Rome.[5]

After her husband's death in 1927, two Japanese newspapers, the Osaka Mainichi Shinbun and the Tokyo Nichinichi Shinbun, found out about her story and published a serialized novel about it, bringing Tama to fame in her homeland.[6] By then she could barely speak Japanese anymore, but she decided to go back. After her return, she opened an atelier in Shiba Shinbori, where she died some years later.[6] She is buried at her family temple, Chōgen-ji.[3] Kiyohara was a painter of great skill, but most of the works she left in Japan were destroyed during World War II, while those left in Italy are still exhibited in various private collections.

According to her wishes, half of her ashes are in Japan, and half lie in Palermo next to her husband's grave.

[edit]

Tama features in the 2018 novel The Death of Noah Glass by Australian author Gail Jones, in which the eponymous character is accused of being involved in the theft and smuggling of a sculpture of Eleonora by Vincenzo Ragusa.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Dizionario degli Artisti Italiani Viventi: pittori, scultori, e Architetti, by Angelo de Gubernatis. Tipe dei Successori Le Monnier, 1889, pages 338-339.
  2. ^ a b c d e National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo
  3. ^ a b c Prominent people of Minato City
  4. ^ a b c Storia
  5. ^ Gubernatis.
  6. ^ a b Urayasu News

References

[edit]
[edit]
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