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{{Short description|none}} |
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This is a '''list of [[wood]]s''', most commonly used in the [[timber]] and [[lumber]] trade. |
This is a '''list of [[wood]]s''', most commonly used in the [[timber]] and [[lumber]] trade. |
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== |
== Soft woods (coniferous) == |
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* ''[[Araucaria]]'' |
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* ''[[Araucaria]]'' |
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**[[Araucaria cunninghamii|Hoop pine]] (''Araucaria cunninghamii'') |
**[[Araucaria cunninghamii|Hoop pine]] (''Araucaria cunninghamii'') |
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** [[Araucaria araucana|Monkey puzzle tree]] (''Araucaria araucana'') |
** [[Araucaria araucana|Monkey puzzle tree]] (''Araucaria araucana'') |
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** [[Araucaria angustifolia|Paraná pine]] (''Araucaria angustifolia'') |
** [[Araucaria angustifolia|Paraná pine]] (''Araucaria angustifolia'') |
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* [[Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'') |
* [[Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'') |
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** [[Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii|Coast Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii'') |
** [[Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii|Coast Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii'') |
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** [[Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca|Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''glauca'') |
** [[Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca|Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''glauca'') |
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* [[Taxus baccata|European yew]] (''Taxus baccata'') |
* [[Taxus baccata|European yew]] (''Taxus baccata'') |
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* [[Fir]] (''Abies'') |
* [[Fir]] (''Abies'') |
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** [[Abies amabilis|Pacific silver fir]] (''Abies amabilis'') |
** [[Abies amabilis|Pacific silver fir]] (''Abies amabilis'') |
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* [[Tsuga|Hemlock]] (''Tsuga'') |
* [[Tsuga|Hemlock]] (''Tsuga'') |
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** [[Tsuga canadensis|Eastern hemlock]] (''Tsuga canadensis'') |
** [[Tsuga canadensis|Eastern hemlock]] (''Tsuga canadensis'') |
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** [[Tsuga mertensiana|Mountain hemlock]] (''Tsuga mertensiana'') |
** [[Tsuga mertensiana|Mountain hemlock]] (''Tsuga mertensiana'') |
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** [[Tsuga heterophylla|Western hemlock]] (''Tsuga heterophylla'') |
** [[Tsuga heterophylla|Western hemlock]] (''Tsuga heterophylla'') |
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* [[Lagarostrobos|Huon pine]], Macquarie pine (''Lagarostrobos franklinii'') |
* [[Lagarostrobos|Huon pine]], Macquarie pine (''Lagarostrobos franklinii'') |
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* [[Agathis australis|Kauri]] (New Zealand) (''Agathis australis'') |
* [[Agathis australis|Kauri]] (New Zealand) (''Agathis australis'') |
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* [[Agathis robusta|Queensland kauri]] (Australia) (''Agathis robusta'') |
* [[Agathis robusta|Queensland kauri]] (Australia) (''Agathis robusta'') |
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* [[Torreya nucifera|Japanese nutmeg-yew]], ''kaya'' (''Torreya nucifera'') |
* [[Torreya nucifera|Japanese nutmeg-yew]], ''kaya'' (''Torreya nucifera'') |
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* [[Larch]] (''Larix'') |
* [[Larch]] (''Larix'') |
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** [[Larix decidua|European larch]] (''Larix decidua'') |
** [[Larix decidua|European larch]] (''Larix decidua'') |
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** [[Larix kaempferi|Japanese larch]] (''Larix kaempferi'') |
** [[Larix kaempferi|Japanese larch]] (''Larix kaempferi'') |
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** [[Larix laricina|Tamarack]] (''Larix laricina'') |
** [[Larix laricina|Tamarack]] (''Larix laricina'') |
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** [[Larix occidentalis|Western larch]] (''Larix occidentalis'') |
** [[Larix occidentalis|Western larch]] (''Larix occidentalis'') |
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* [[Pine]] (''Pinus'') |
* [[Pine]] (''Pinus'') |
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** [[Pinus nigra|European black pine]] (''Pinus nigra'') |
** [[Pinus nigra|European black pine]] (''Pinus nigra'') |
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** [[Jack pine]] (''Pinus banksiana'') |
** [[Jack pine]] (''Pinus banksiana'') |
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** [[Lodgepole pine]] (''Pinus contorta'') |
** [[Lodgepole pine]] (''Pinus contorta'') |
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* [[Cupressus nootkatensis|Nootka cypress]] (''Cupressus nootkatensis'') |
* [[Cupressus nootkatensis|Nootka cypress]] (''Cupressus nootkatensis'') |
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== Hardwoods ( |
== Hardwoods ([[angiosperm]]s) == |
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* [[Triplochiton scleroxylon|Abachi]] (''Triplochiton scleroxylon'') |
* [[Triplochiton scleroxylon|Abachi]] (''Triplochiton scleroxylon'') |
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* [[List of Acacia species used for timber production|Acacia]] (''Acacia sp.'', ''[[Robinia pseudoacacia]]'') |
* [[List of Acacia species used for timber production|Acacia]] (''Acacia sp.'', ''[[Robinia pseudoacacia]]'') |
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** [[Fraxinus pennsylvanica|Green ash]] (''Fraxinus pennsylvanica'') |
** [[Fraxinus pennsylvanica|Green ash]] (''Fraxinus pennsylvanica'') |
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** [[Fraxinus latifolia|Oregon ash]] (''Fraxinus latifolia'')<ref name="rsummit">Summit, R. and A. Sliker. 1980. ''Handbook of Materials Science, Volume IV: Wood''. Florida: CRC Press, Inc.</ref> |
** [[Fraxinus latifolia|Oregon ash]] (''Fraxinus latifolia'')<ref name="rsummit">Summit, R. and A. Sliker. 1980. ''Handbook of Materials Science, Volume IV: Wood''. Florida: CRC Press, Inc.</ref> |
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** [[Fraxinus profunda|Pumpkin ash]] (''Fraxinus profunda'') |
** [[Fraxinus profunda|Pumpkin ash]] (''Fraxinus profunda'')<ref name="rsummit"/> |
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** [[Fraxinus americana|White ash]] (''Fraxinus americana'') |
** [[Fraxinus americana|White ash]] (''Fraxinus americana'') |
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* [[Aspen]] (''Populus'') |
* [[Aspen]] (''Populus'') |
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** [[Populus tremuloides|Quaking aspen]] (''Populus tremuloides'') |
** [[Populus tremuloides|Quaking aspen]] (''Populus tremuloides'') |
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* [[Toona ciliata|Australian red cedar]] (''Toona ciliata'') |
* [[Toona ciliata|Australian red cedar]] (''Toona ciliata'') |
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* [[Distemonanthus benthamianus|Ayan]], movingui (''Distemonanthus benthamianus'')<ref name=usda>[http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/Chudnoff/African/htmlDocs_africa/Distemonanthusbenthamianus.html ''Distemonanthus benthamianus''.] Wood Technical Fact Sheet. Forest Service. USDA.</ref> |
* [[Distemonanthus benthamianus|Ayan]], movingui (''Distemonanthus benthamianus'')<ref name=usda>[http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/Chudnoff/African/htmlDocs_africa/Distemonanthusbenthamianus.html ''Distemonanthus benthamianus''.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118195509/https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/Chudnoff/African/htmlDocs_africa/Distemonanthusbenthamianus.html |date=2021-01-18 }} Wood Technical Fact Sheet. Forest Service. USDA.</ref> |
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* [[Ochroma pyramidale|Balsa]] (''Ochroma pyramidale'') |
* [[Ochroma pyramidale|Balsa]] (''Ochroma pyramidale'') |
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* [[Tilia|Basswood]], linden |
* [[Tilia|Basswood]], linden |
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** [[Acacia melanoxylon|Australian blackwood]] (''Acacia melanoxylon'') |
** [[Acacia melanoxylon|Australian blackwood]] (''Acacia melanoxylon'') |
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** [[Dalbergia melanoxylon|African blackwood]], mpingo (''Dalbergia melanoxylon'') |
** [[Dalbergia melanoxylon|African blackwood]], mpingo (''Dalbergia melanoxylon'') |
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* [[Brosimum rubescens|Bloodwood]] (''Brosimum rubescens'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wood-database.com/lumber-identification/hardwoods/bloodwood/|title=Bloodwood | the Wood Database - Lumber Identification (Hardwood)}}</ref> |
* [[Brosimum rubescens|Bloodwood]] (''Brosimum rubescens'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wood-database.com/lumber-identification/hardwoods/bloodwood/|title=Bloodwood | the Wood Database - Lumber Identification (Hardwood)|access-date=2016-05-16|archive-date=2016-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803060610/http://www.wood-database.com/lumber-identification/hardwoods/bloodwood/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* [[Acer negundo|Boxelder]] (''Acer negundo'') |
* [[Acer negundo|Boxelder]] (''Acer negundo'') |
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* [[Buxus sempervirens|Boxwood]], common box (''Buxus sempervirens'') |
* [[Buxus sempervirens|Boxwood]], common box (''Buxus sempervirens'') |
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** [[Populus heterophylla|Swamp cottonwood]] (''Populus heterophylla'') |
** [[Populus heterophylla|Swamp cottonwood]] (''Populus heterophylla'') |
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* [[Magnolia acuminata|Cucumbertree]] (''Magnolia acuminata'') |
* [[Magnolia acuminata|Cucumbertree]] (''Magnolia acuminata'') |
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* [[Dipteryx|Cumaru]] (''Dipteryx'' spp.)<ref name=INIA>{{cite web |url=http://www4.congreso.gob.pe/comisiones/1999/ciencia/cd/INIA/inia-p4/inia-p4-31.htm |title=MADERAS DEL |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=1999 |
* [[Dipteryx|Cumaru]] (''Dipteryx'' spp.)<ref name=INIA>{{cite web |url=http://www4.congreso.gob.pe/comisiones/1999/ciencia/cd/INIA/inia-p4/inia-p4-31.htm |title=MADERAS DEL |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=1999 |publisher=Government of Peru, INIA |access-date=13 August 2019 |archive-date=14 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814054427/https://www4.congreso.gob.pe/comisiones/1999/ciencia/cd/INIA/inia-p4/inia-p4-31.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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* [[Cornus (genus)|Dogwood]] (''Cornus'' spp.) |
* [[Cornus (genus)|Dogwood]] (''Cornus'' spp.) |
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** [[Cornus florida|Flowering dogwood]] (''Cornus florida'') |
** [[Cornus florida|Flowering dogwood]] (''Cornus florida'') |
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** [[Diospyros crassiflora|African ebony]] (''Diospyros crassiflora'')<ref name=ebony>[http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?h=M4&t=Diospyros,crassiflora&p=Diospyros+crassiflora ''Diospyros crassiflora''.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324010101/http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?h=M4&t=Diospyros%2Ccrassiflora&p=Diospyros+crassiflora |date=2015-03-24 }} Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.</ref> |
** [[Diospyros crassiflora|African ebony]] (''Diospyros crassiflora'')<ref name=ebony>[http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?h=M4&t=Diospyros,crassiflora&p=Diospyros+crassiflora ''Diospyros crassiflora''.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324010101/http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?h=M4&t=Diospyros%2Ccrassiflora&p=Diospyros+crassiflora |date=2015-03-24 }} Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.</ref> |
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** [[Diospyros ebenum|Ceylon ebony]] (''Diospyros ebenum'') |
** [[Diospyros ebenum|Ceylon ebony]] (''Diospyros ebenum'') |
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** [[Rare Brown]] (''Rareay Brownibium'') |
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* [[Elm]] |
* [[Elm]] |
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** [[Ulmus americana|American elm]] (''Ulmus americana'') |
** [[Ulmus americana|American elm]] (''Ulmus americana'') |
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** [[Lyptus]]: [[Eucalyptus grandis|Flooded gum]] (''Eucalyptus grandis'') |
** [[Lyptus]]: [[Eucalyptus grandis|Flooded gum]] (''Eucalyptus grandis'') |
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** [[Eucalyptus acmenoides|White mahogany]] (''Eucalyptus acmenoides'') |
** [[Eucalyptus acmenoides|White mahogany]] (''Eucalyptus acmenoides'') |
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** [[Eucalyptus astringens|Brown mallet]] (''Eucalyptus astringens'')<ref name="farmnote80/99"> |
** [[Eucalyptus astringens|Brown mallet]] (''Eucalyptus astringens'')<ref name="farmnote80/99">{{cite web | last = Denham | first = R. | title = Specialty Timbers for the Western Australian Wheatbelt | work = Farmnote 80/99 | publisher = Department of Agriculture Western Australia | date = 1999 | url = http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/objtwr/imported_assets/content/lwe/vegt/trees/f08099.pdf | access-date = 11 August 2012 | archive-date = 9 March 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160309213255/https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/objtwr/imported_assets/content/lwe/vegt/trees/f08099.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> |
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** [[Eucalyptus botryoides|Banglay]], southern mahogany (''Eucalyptus botryoides'') |
** [[Eucalyptus botryoides|Banglay]], southern mahogany (''Eucalyptus botryoides'') |
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** [[Eucalyptus camaldulensis|River red gum]] (''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'') |
** [[Eucalyptus camaldulensis|River red gum]] (''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'') |
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**[[Cardwellia|Northern silky oak]] (''Cardwellia sublimis'') |
**[[Cardwellia|Northern silky oak]] (''Cardwellia sublimis'') |
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**[[Platanus occidentalis|American sycamore]] (''Platanus occidentalis'') |
**[[Platanus occidentalis|American sycamore]] (''Platanus occidentalis'') |
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**[[Platanus × |
**[[Platanus × hispanica|London plane]] (''Platanus × hispanica'') |
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* [[Terminalia superba|Limba]] (''Terminalia superba'') |
* [[Terminalia superba|Limba]] (''Terminalia superba'') |
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* Locust |
* Locust |
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** [[Honey locust]] (''Gleditsia triacanthos'') |
** [[Honey locust]] (''Gleditsia triacanthos'') |
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* [[Mahogany]] |
* [[Mahogany]] |
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** [[Swietenia|Genuine mahogany]] (''Swietenia'')<ref>{{cite book | last = the editors of Fine woodworking |
** [[Swietenia|Genuine mahogany]] (''Swietenia'')<ref>{{cite book | last = the editors of Fine woodworking| title = In the 18th century style: building furniture inspired by the classical tradition | publisher = The Taunton Press | location = US | pages = 36–43 | isbn =1-56158-397-9 | year = 2003}}</ref> |
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*** [[Swietenia mahagoni|West Indies mahogany]] (''Swietenia mahagoni'') |
*** [[Swietenia mahagoni|West Indies mahogany]] (''Swietenia mahagoni'') |
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*** [[Swietenia macrophylla|Bigleaf mahogany]] (''Swietenia macrophylla'') |
*** [[Swietenia macrophylla|Bigleaf mahogany]] (''Swietenia macrophylla'') |
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*** [[Entandrophragma angolense|Tiama]], (''Entandrophragma angolense'') |
*** [[Entandrophragma angolense|Tiama]], (''Entandrophragma angolense'') |
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*** [[Entandrophragma candollei|Kosipo]], (''Entandrophragma candollei'') |
*** [[Entandrophragma candollei|Kosipo]], (''Entandrophragma candollei'') |
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*** [[Entandrophragma caudatum|Mountain mahogany]], bottle tree (''Entandrophragma |
*** [[Entandrophragma caudatum|Mountain mahogany]], bottle tree (''Entandrophragma caudatumi'') |
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*** [[Chukrasia velutina|Indian mahogany]], chickrassy, chittagong wood (''Chukrasia velutina'') |
*** [[Chukrasia velutina|Indian mahogany]], chickrassy, chittagong wood (''Chukrasia velutina'') |
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*** [[Cedrela odorata|Spanish Cedar]], cedro, Brazilian mahogany (''Cedrela odorata'') |
*** [[Cedrela odorata|Spanish Cedar]], cedro, Brazilian mahogany (''Cedrela odorata'') |
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* [[Corymbia calophylla|Marri]], red gum (''Corymbia calophylla'') |
* [[Corymbia calophylla|Marri]], red gum (''Corymbia calophylla'') |
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* [[Shorea|Meranti]] (''Shorea'' spp.) |
* [[Shorea|Meranti]] (''Shorea'' spp.) |
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* [[Intsia bijuga|Merbau]], ipil (''Intsia bijuga'') |
* [[Intsia bijuga|Merbau]], ipil (''Intsia bijuga''), [[Kwila]] |
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* [[Mesquite]] |
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** [[Prosopis alba|White mesquite]] (''Prosopis alba)'' |
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** [[Prosopis chilensis|Chilean mesquite]] (''Prosopis chilensis)'' |
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** [[Prosopis glandulosa|Honey mesquite]] (''Prosopis glandulosa)'' |
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** [[Prosopis nigra|Black mesquite]] (''Prosopis nigra)'' |
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** [[Prosopis pubescens|Screwbean mesquite]] (''Prosopis pubescens)'' |
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** [[Prosopis velutina|Velvet mesquite]] (''Prosopis velutina)'' |
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* [[Colophospermum mopane|Mopane]] (''Colophospermum mopane'') |
* [[Colophospermum mopane|Mopane]] (''Colophospermum mopane'') |
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* [[Oak]] (''Quercus'') |
* [[Oak]] (''Quercus'') |
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* [[Aucoumea klaineana|Okoumé]] (''Aucoumea klaineana'') |
* [[Aucoumea klaineana|Okoumé]] (''Aucoumea klaineana'') |
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* [[Olive]] (''Olea europaea'') |
* [[Olive]] (''Olea europaea'') |
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* [[Poliothyrsis sinensis|Pearl tree]] (''Poliothyrsis sinensis'') |
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* [[Pink Ivory|Pink ivory]] (''Berchemia zeyheri'') |
* [[Pink Ivory|Pink ivory]] (''Berchemia zeyheri'') |
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* [[Populus|Poplar]] |
* [[Populus|Poplar]] |
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** [[Populus nigra|Black poplar]] (''Populus nigra'') |
** [[Populus nigra|Black poplar]] (''Populus nigra'') |
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** [[Populus × canadensis|Hybrid black poplar]] (''Populus'' × ''canadensis'') |
** [[Populus × canadensis|Hybrid black poplar]] (''Populus'' × ''canadensis'') |
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* [[Peltogyne|Purpleheart]] (''Peltogyne'' spp.) |
* [[Peltogyne|Purpleheart]] (''Peltogyne'' spp.) |
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* [[Flindersia brayleyana|Queensland maple]] (''Flindersia brayleyana'') |
* [[Flindersia brayleyana|Queensland maple]] (''Flindersia brayleyana'') |
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* [[Endiandra palmerstonii|Queensland walnut]] (''Endiandra palmerstonii'') |
* [[Endiandra palmerstonii|Queensland walnut]] (''Endiandra palmerstonii'') |
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* [[Sassafras albidum|Sassafras]] (''Sassafras albidum'') |
* [[Sassafras albidum|Sassafras]] (''Sassafras albidum'') |
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** [[Atherosperma|Southern sassafras]] (''Atherosperma moschatum'') |
** [[Atherosperma|Southern sassafras]] (''Atherosperma moschatum'') |
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* [[Brosimum rubescens|Satiné]], satinwood (''Brosimum rubescens'')<ref name=delta>Richter, H. G. and M. J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. [ |
* [[Brosimum rubescens|Satiné]], satinwood (''Brosimum rubescens'')<ref name=delta>Richter, H. G. and M. J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. [http://delta-intkey.com/wood/en/www/morbrrub.htm ''Brosimum rubescens'' Taub.] Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. DELTA – DEscription Language for TAxonomy. June 2009.</ref> |
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* [[Grevillea robusta|Silky oak]] (''Grevillea robusta'') |
* [[Grevillea robusta|Silky oak]] (''Grevillea robusta'') |
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* [[Acacia dealbata|Silver wattle]] (''Acacia dealbata'') |
* [[Acacia dealbata|Silver wattle]] (''Acacia dealbata'') |
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* [[Spirostachys africana|Tamboti]] (''Spirostachys africana'') |
* [[Spirostachys africana|Tamboti]] (''Spirostachys africana'') |
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* [[Teak]] (''Tectona grandis'') |
* [[Teak]] (''Tectona grandis'') |
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** [[Tectona philippinensis|Philippine teak]] (''Tectona philippinensis'') |
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* [[Dalbergia cochinchinensis|Thailand rosewood]] (''Dalbergia cochinchinensis'') |
* [[Dalbergia cochinchinensis|Thailand rosewood]] (''Dalbergia cochinchinensis'') |
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* [[Tupelo]] (''Nyssa'' spp.) |
* [[Tupelo (tree)|Tupelo]] (''Nyssa'' spp.) |
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** [[Nyssa sylvatica|Black tupelo]] (''Nyssa sylvatica'') |
** [[Nyssa sylvatica|Black tupelo]] (''Nyssa sylvatica'') |
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** [[Liriodendron tulipifera|Tulip tree]] (''Liriodendron tulipifera'') |
** [[Liriodendron tulipifera|Tulip tree]] (''Liriodendron tulipifera'') |
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* [[Syncarpia glomulifera|Turpentine]] (''Syncarpia glomulifera'') |
* [[Syncarpia glomulifera|Turpentine]] (''Syncarpia glomulifera'') |
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* [[Walnut]] (''Juglans'') |
* [[Juglans#Wood|Walnut]] (''Juglans'') |
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** [[Juglans nigra|Eastern black walnut]] (''Juglans nigra'') |
** [[Juglans nigra|Eastern black walnut]] (''Juglans nigra'') |
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** [[Juglans regia|Common walnut]] (''Juglans regia'') |
** [[Juglans regia|Common walnut]] (''Juglans regia'') |
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* [[Microberlinia brazzavillensis|Zingana]], African zebrawood (''Microberlinia brazzavillensis'') |
* [[Microberlinia brazzavillensis|Zingana]], African zebrawood (''Microberlinia brazzavillensis'') |
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== Pseudowoods == |
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== Hardwoods (monocotyledons) == |
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Other wood-like materials: |
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* [[Bamboo]] |
* [[Bamboo]] |
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* [[Arecaceae|Palm tree]] |
* [[Arecaceae|Palm tree]] |
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*[[List of Indian timber trees]] |
*[[List of Indian timber trees]] |
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== References== |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [https://doi.org/10.11...61-0248.2009.01285.x Global Wood Density Database] |
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* [http://www.nhla.com/ National Hardwood and Lumber Association] |
* [http://www.nhla.com/ National Hardwood and Lumber Association] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110911001518/http://www.hardwoodinfo.com/species_guide/index.php American Hardwood Information Center] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110911001518/http://www.hardwoodinfo.com/species_guide/index.php American Hardwood Information Center] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180313052311/http://www.nafi.com.au/site/OtherDocs.php Australian National Association of Forest Industries] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180313052311/http://www.nafi.com.au/site/OtherDocs.php Australian National Association of Forest Industries] |
||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110626001012/http://www.canadawood.org/env_overview.php Canadian Wood Group] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110626001012/http://www.canadawood.org/env_overview.php Canadian Wood Group] |
||
* [ |
* [https://www.lesserknowntimberspecies.com/ FSC Lesser Known Timber Species] |
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* [http://www.thewoodexplorer.com Database of Wood Species] |
|||
* [http://insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu/ NCSU Inside Wood project] |
* [http://insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu/ NCSU Inside Wood project] |
||
* [http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/specialcollections/forestry/hough/ Reproduction of ''The American Woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text'' by Romeyn B. Hough] |
* [http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/specialcollections/forestry/hough/ Reproduction of ''The American Woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text'' by Romeyn B. Hough] |
||
* [http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr113/ch01.pdf US Forest Products Laboratory, "Characteristics and Availability of Commercially Important Wood" from the ''Wood Handbook''] [[PDF]] 916K |
* [http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr113/ch01.pdf US Forest Products Laboratory, "Characteristics and Availability of Commercially Important Wood" from the ''Wood Handbook''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118201724/https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr113/ch01.pdf |date=2021-01-18 }} [[PDF]] 916K |
||
* [http://www.woodcollectors.org International Wood Collectors Society] |
* [http://www.woodcollectors.org International Wood Collectors Society] |
||
* [http://www.xiloteca.com Xiloteca Manuel Soler] (One of the largest private collection of wood samples) |
* [http://www.xiloteca.com Xiloteca Manuel Soler] (One of the largest private collection of wood samples) |
||
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[[Category:Architecture lists|Woods]] |
[[Category:Architecture lists|Woods]] |
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[[Category:Natural materials|Woods]] |
[[Category:Natural materials|Woods]] |
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[[Category:Wood by type|*]] |
Latest revision as of 08:02, 8 September 2024
This is a list of woods, most commonly used in the timber and lumber trade.
Soft woods (coniferous)
[edit]- Araucaria
- Hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii)
- Monkey puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana)
- Paraná pine (Araucaria angustifolia)
- Cedar (Cedrus)
- Celery-top pine (Phyllocladus aspleniifolius)
- Cypress (Chamaecyparis, Cupressus, Taxodium)
- Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica)
- Bald cypress, southern cypress (Taxodium distichum)
- Alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides)
- Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
- Lawson's cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana)
- Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
- Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
- Coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii)
- Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca)
- European yew (Taxus baccata)
- Fir (Abies)
- Balsam fir (Abies balsamea)
- Silver fir (Abies alba)
- Noble fir (Abies procera)
- Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis)
- Hemlock (Tsuga)
- Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
- Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana)
- Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla)
- Huon pine, Macquarie pine (Lagarostrobos franklinii)
- Kauri (New Zealand) (Agathis australis)
- Queensland kauri (Australia) (Agathis robusta)
- Japanese nutmeg-yew, kaya (Torreya nucifera)
- Larch (Larix)
- European larch (Larix decidua)
- Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi)
- Tamarack (Larix laricina)
- Western larch (Larix occidentalis)
- Pine (Pinus)
- European black pine (Pinus nigra)
- Jack pine (Pinus banksiana)
- Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)
- Monterey pine (Pinus radiata)
- Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)
- Red pine (North America) (Pinus resinosa)
- Scots pine, red pine (UK) (Pinus sylvestris)
- White pine
- Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus)
- Western white pine (Pinus monticola)
- Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana)
- Southern yellow pine
- Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
- Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris)
- Pitch pine (Pinus rigida)
- Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata)
- Red cedar
- Eastern red cedar, (Juniperus virginiana)
- Western red cedar (Thuja plicata)
- Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
- Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum)
- Spruce (Picea)
- Norway spruce (Picea abies)
- Black spruce (Picea mariana)
- Red spruce (Picea rubens)
- Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)
- White spruce (Picea glauca)
- Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica)
- White cedar
- Northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis)
- Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides)
- Nootka cypress (Cupressus nootkatensis)
Hardwoods (angiosperms)
[edit]- Abachi (Triplochiton scleroxylon)
- Acacia (Acacia sp., Robinia pseudoacacia)
- African padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii)
- Afzelia, doussi (Afzelia africana)
- Agba, tola (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum)
- Alder (Alnus)
- Black alder (Alnus glutinosa)
- Red alder (Alnus rubra)
- Ash (Fraxinus)
- Black ash (Fraxinus nigra)
- Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata)
- Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
- Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
- Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia)[1]
- Pumpkin ash (Fraxinus profunda)[1]
- White ash (Fraxinus americana)
- Aspen (Populus)
- Bigtooth aspen (Populus gradidentata)
- European aspen (Populus tremula)
- Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
- Australian red cedar (Toona ciliata)
- Ayan, movingui (Distemonanthus benthamianus)[2]
- Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)
- Basswood, linden
- American basswood (Tilia americana)[1]
- White basswood (Tilia heterophylla)[1]
- American beech (Fagus grandifolia)
- Birch (Betula)
- American birches
- Gray birch (Betula populifolia)
- Black birch (Betula nigra)
- Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
- Sweet birch (Betula lenta)
- Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
- European birches
- Silver birch (Betula pendula)
- Downy birch (Betula pubescens)
- American birches
- Blackbean (Castanospermum australe)
- Blackwood
- Australian blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon)
- African blackwood, mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
- Bloodwood (Brosimum rubescens)[3]
- Boxelder (Acer negundo)
- Boxwood, common box (Buxus sempervirens)
- Brazilian walnut (Ocotea porosa)
- Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata)
- Buckeye, Horse-chestnut (Aesculus)
- Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
- Ohio buckeye (Aesculus glabra)
- Yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava)
- Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
- California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica)
- Camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora)
- Cape chestnut (Calodendrum capense)
- Catalpa, catawba (Catalpa)
- Ceylon satinwood (Chloroxylon swietenia)
- Cherry (Prunus)
- Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
- Red cherry (Prunus pensylvanica)
- Wild cherry (Prunus avium)
- Chestnut (Castanea spp.)
- Chestnut (Castanea sativa)
- American Chestnut (Castanea dentata)
- Coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalum)
- Cocobolo (Dalbergia retusa)
- Corkwood (Leitneria floridana)
- Cottonwood, popular
- Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
- Swamp cottonwood (Populus heterophylla)
- Cucumbertree (Magnolia acuminata)
- Cumaru (Dipteryx spp.)[4]
- Dogwood (Cornus spp.)
- Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida)
- Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
- Ebony (Diospyros)
- Andaman marblewood (Diospyros kurzii)
- Ebène marbre (Diospyros melanida)
- African ebony (Diospyros crassiflora)[5]
- Ceylon ebony (Diospyros ebenum)
- Rare Brown (Rareay Brownibium)
- Elm
- American elm (Ulmus americana)
- English elm (Ulmus procera)
- Rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
- Slippery elm, red elm (Ulmus rubra)
- Wych elm (Ulmus glabra)
- Eucalyptus
- Lyptus: Flooded gum (Eucalyptus grandis)
- White mahogany (Eucalyptus acmenoides)
- Brown mallet (Eucalyptus astringens)[6]
- Banglay, southern mahogany (Eucalyptus botryoides)
- River red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)
- Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor)
- Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus)
- Flooded gum, rose gum (Eucalyptus grandis)
- York gum (Eucalyptus loxophleba)[6]
- Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata)
- Tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys)
- Grey ironbark (Eucalyptus paniculata)
- Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis)
- Mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans)
- Australian oak (Eucalyptus obliqua)
- Alpine ash (Eucalyptus delegatensis)
- Red mahogany (Eucalyptus resinifera)
- Swamp mahogany, swamp messmate (Eucalyptus robusta)
- Sydney blue gum (Eucalyptus saligna)
- Mugga, red ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon)
- Redwood (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis)[6]
- Wandoo (Eucalyptus wandoo)[6]
- European crabapple (Malus sylvestris)
- European pear (Pyrus communis)
- Gonçalo alves (Astronium spp.)
- Greenheart (Chlorocardium rodiei)
- Grenadilla, mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
- Guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense)
- Gum (Eucalyptus)
- Gumbo limbo (Bursera simaruba)
- Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
- Hickory (Carya)
- Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)
- Pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
- Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata)
- Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa)
- Hornbeam (Carpinus spp.)
- American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)
- Ipê (Handroanthus spp.)
- Iroko, African teak (Milicia excelsa)
- Ironwood
- Balau (Shorea spp.)
- American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)
- Sheoak, Polynesian ironwood (Casuarina equisetifolia)
- Giant ironwood (Choricarpia subargentea)
- Diesel tree (Copaifera langsdorffii)
- Borneo ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri)
- Lignum vitae
- Guaiacwood (Guaiacum officinale)
- Holywood (Guaiacum sanctum)
- Takian (Hopea odorata)
- Black ironwood (Krugiodendron ferreum)
- Black ironwood, olive (Olea spp.)
- Lebombo ironwood Androstachys johnsonii
- Catalina ironwood (Lyonothamnus floribundus)
- Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea)
- Desert ironwood (Olneya tesota)
- Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica)
- Brazilian ironwood, pau ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea)
- Yellow lapacho (Tabebuia serratifolia)
- Jacarandá-boca-de-sapo (Jacaranda brasiliana)
- Jacarandá de Brasil (Dalbergia nigra)
- Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril)
- Kingwood (Dalbergia cearensis)
- Lacewood
- Northern silky oak (Cardwellia sublimis)
- American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
- London plane (Platanus × hispanica)
- Limba (Terminalia superba)
- Locust
- Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
- Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
- Mahogany
- Genuine mahogany (Swietenia)[7]
- West Indies mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni)
- Bigleaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)
- Pacific Coast mahogany (Swietenia humilis)
- other mahogany
- African mahogany (Khaya spp.)
- Chinese mahogany (Toona sinensis)
- Australian red cedar, Indian mahogany (Toona ciliata)
- Philippine mahogany, calantis, kalantis (Toona calantas)
- Indonesian mahogany, suren (Toona sureni)
- Sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricum)
- Sipo, utile (Entandrophragma utile)
- Tiama, (Entandrophragma angolense)
- Kosipo, (Entandrophragma candollei)
- Mountain mahogany, bottle tree (Entandrophragma caudatumi)
- Indian mahogany, chickrassy, chittagong wood (Chukrasia velutina)
- Spanish Cedar, cedro, Brazilian mahogany (Cedrela odorata)
- Light bosse, pink mahogany (Guarea cedrata)
- Dark bosse, pink Mahogany (Guarea thompsonii)
- American muskwood (Guarea grandifolia)
- Carapa, royal mahogany, demerara mahogany, bastard mahogany, andiroba, crabwood (Carapa guianensis)[8]
- Bead-tree, white cedar, Persian lilac (Melia azedarach)
- Genuine mahogany (Swietenia)[7]
- Maple (Acer)
- Hard maple
- Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
- Black maple (Acer nigrum)
- Soft maple
- Boxelder (Acer negundo)
- Red maple (Acer rubrum)
- Silver maple (Acer saccharinum)
- European maple
- Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)
- Hard maple
- Marblewood (Marmaroxylon racemosum)
- Marri, red gum (Corymbia calophylla)
- Meranti (Shorea spp.)
- Merbau, ipil (Intsia bijuga), Kwila
- Mesquite
- White mesquite (Prosopis alba)
- Chilean mesquite (Prosopis chilensis)
- Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa)
- Black mesquite (Prosopis nigra)
- Screwbean mesquite (Prosopis pubescens)
- Velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina)
- Mopane (Colophospermum mopane)
- Oak (Quercus)
- White oak
- White oak (Quercus alba)
- Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
- Post oak (Quercus stellata)
- Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor)
- Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana)
- Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii)
- Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus)
- Chinkapin oak (Quercus muhlenbergii)
- Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)
- Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata)
- English oak (Quercus robur)
- Red oak
- Northern red oak (Quercus rubra)
- Eastern black oak (Quercus velutina)
- Laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia)
- Southern red oak (Quercus falcata)
- Water oak (Quercus nigra)
- Willow oak (Quercus phellos)
- Nuttall's oak (Quercus texana)
- White oak
- Okoumé (Aucoumea klaineana)
- Olive (Olea europaea)
- Pearl tree (Poliothyrsis sinensis)
- Pink ivory (Berchemia zeyheri)
- Poplar
- Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
- Black poplar (Populus nigra)
- Hybrid black poplar (Populus × canadensis)
- Purpleheart (Peltogyne spp.)
- Queensland maple (Flindersia brayleyana)
- Queensland walnut (Endiandra palmerstonii)
- Ramin (Gonystylus spp.)
- Redheart, chakté-coc (Erythroxylon mexicanum)
- Sal (Shorea robusta)
- Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
- Sandalwood (Santalum spp.)
- Indian sandalwood (Santalum album)
- Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
- Southern sassafras (Atherosperma moschatum)
- Satiné, satinwood (Brosimum rubescens)[9]
- Silky oak (Grevillea robusta)
- Silver wattle (Acacia dealbata)
- Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum)
- Spanish-cedar (Cedrela odorata)
- Spanish elm (Cordia alliodora)
- Tamboti (Spirostachys africana)
- Teak (Tectona grandis)
- Philippine teak (Tectona philippinensis)
- Thailand rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis)
- Tupelo (Nyssa spp.)
- Black tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica)
- Tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera)
- Turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera)
- Walnut (Juglans)
- Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra)
- Common walnut (Juglans regia)
- Wenge (Millettia laurentii)
- Panga-panga (Millettia stuhlmannii)
- Willow (Salix)
- Black willow (Salix nigra)
- Cricket-bat willow (Salix alba 'Caerulea')
- White willow (Salix alba)
- Weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
- Zingana, African zebrawood (Microberlinia brazzavillensis)
Pseudowoods
[edit]Other wood-like materials:
- Bamboo
- Palm tree
- Coconut timber (Cocos nucifera)
- Toddy palm timber (Borassus flabellifer)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Summit, R. and A. Sliker. 1980. Handbook of Materials Science, Volume IV: Wood. Florida: CRC Press, Inc.
- ^ Distemonanthus benthamianus. Archived 2021-01-18 at the Wayback Machine Wood Technical Fact Sheet. Forest Service. USDA.
- ^ "Bloodwood | the Wood Database - Lumber Identification (Hardwood)". Archived from the original on 2016-08-03. Retrieved 2016-05-16.
- ^ "MADERAS DEL". Government of Peru, INIA. 1999. Archived from the original on 14 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
- ^ Diospyros crassiflora. Archived 2015-03-24 at the Wayback Machine Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.
- ^ a b c d Denham, R. (1999). "Specialty Timbers for the Western Australian Wheatbelt" (PDF). Farmnote 80/99. Department of Agriculture Western Australia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
- ^ the editors of Fine woodworking (2003). In the 18th century style: building furniture inspired by the classical tradition. US: The Taunton Press. pp. 36–43. ISBN 1-56158-397-9.
{{cite book}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ Carapa guianensis. Archived 2014-01-09 at the Wayback Machine World Agroforestry Centre.
- ^ Richter, H. G. and M. J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Brosimum rubescens Taub. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. DELTA – DEscription Language for TAxonomy. June 2009.
External links
[edit]- Global Wood Density Database
- National Hardwood and Lumber Association
- American Hardwood Information Center
- American Hardwood Export Council
- Australian National Association of Forest Industries
- Canadian Wood Group
- FSC Lesser Known Timber Species
- NCSU Inside Wood project
- Reproduction of The American Woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text by Romeyn B. Hough
- US Forest Products Laboratory, "Characteristics and Availability of Commercially Important Wood" from the Wood Handbook Archived 2021-01-18 at the Wayback Machine PDF 916K
- International Wood Collectors Society
- Xiloteca Manuel Soler (One of the largest private collection of wood samples)
- African Timber Export Statistics