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{{Short description|Indian actor and film producer (1923–2014)}}
{{Hatnote|This is a [[Telugu people|Telugu name]]; the family name is ''Akkineni''}}
{{Family name hatnote|Akkineni|lang=Telugu}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| image = ANR wiki.jpg
| image = A.Nageswara Rao.jpg
⚫
| caption = Akkineni in 1951
| honorific_prefix = [[Padma Vibhushan]]
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Akkineni Nageswara Rao
| name = Akkineni Nageswara Rao
| birth_name = Akkineni Nageswara Rao
| birth_name = <!--Only if different from the page title-->
| other_names =
| other_names =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1923|9|20}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1924|9|20}}
| birth_place = [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]], [[Krishna District]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]] (now [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]])
| birth_place = [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]] (now [[Andhra Pradesh]], India)
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2014|01|22|1923|09|20}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2014|01|22|1923|09|20}}
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]] (now [[Telangana]], India)
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]] (now [[Telangana]], India)
| occupation = Film actor<br/>film director<br/>businessman
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|film producer}}
| years active = 1941–2014
| years active = 1941–2014
| spouse = {{Marriage|Annapurna Kollipara|18 February 1949}}
| works = [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao filmography|Full list]]
| children = 5, including [[Akkineni Nagarjuna|Nagarjuna Akkineni]]
| spouse = {{Marriage|Annapurna|18 February 1949}}
| children = 5, including [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]]
| awards = {{ubl | [[Padma Vibhushan]] (2011) | [[Padma Bhushan]] (1988) | [[Padma Shri]] (1968) | [[Dada Saheb Phalke Award]] (1991)}}
| awards = {{ubl | [[Padma Shri]] (1968) | [[Padma Bhushan]] (1988) | [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1990) | [[Padma Vibhushan]] (2011)}}
⚫
| family = [[Daggubati-Akkineni family]]
| family = [[Akkineni–Daggubati family]]
}}
}}
'''Akkineni Nageswara Rao''' (20 September 1923 – 22 January 2014), widely known as ANR, was an [[Indian film]] actor and producer, known for his work predominantly in [[Telugu cinema]]. He starred in many landmark films in his seventy five-year career, becoming one of the most prominent figures in the history of Indian cinema.<ref name=shankardayalsharma>{{cite book | last = Shankar Dayal Sharma | title = President Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma: January 1995 – July 1997 | year = 1997 | publisher = Publication Divisions, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, AGovernment of India | page = 74 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=BCJuAAAAMAAJ&dq=Bangaru+Kutumbam&q=Nageswara+Rao | isbn = 9788123006147}}</ref> He is considered one of the greatest and most successful actor of Indian cinema and one of the two pillars of Telugu Cinema, along with [[N. T. Rama Rao|N.T.Rama Rao]]. He was one of the instrumental figures in moving the Telugu cinema industry from [[Madras]] to [[Hyderabad]] in the early 1960s.<ref name="Sengupta">{{cite news | last = Sengupta | first = Pallavi | url = http://news.oneindia.in/india/actor-telugu-films-akkineni-nageswara-rao-no-more-1380959.html | title = Telugu filmstar Akkineni Nageswara Rao no more – News Oneindia | publisher = News.oneindia.in | accessdate = 22 January 2014}}</ref> He established [[Annapurna Studios]] in 1975 to provide infrastructural support to the Telugu film industry in [[Hyderabad]]. He later started the [[Annapurna International School of Film and Media]] within [[Annapurna Studios]] in 2011.<ref name="About Us">{{cite web | url = http://annapurnastudios.com/about-us/#founder | title = About Us | publisher = Annapurna Studios | date = 13 August 1975 | accessdate = 22 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119122523/http://annapurnastudios.com/about-us/#founder |archive-date=19 January 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
'''Akkineni Nageswara Rao''' (20 September 1924<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nageshwara Rao Akkineni Biography {{!}} Nageshwara Rao Akkineni Girlfriend, Wife, Family & Net Worth - FilmiBeat |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/nageshwara-rao-akkineni/biography.html |access-date=2023-06-28 |website=www.filmibeat.com |language=en}}</ref> – 22 January 2014), widely known as '''ANR''', was an Indian actor and film producer, primarily known for his works in [[Telugu cinema]]. Over his seven decade career, he starred in numerous landmark films, becoming one of the most prominent figures in the industry.<ref name="shankardayalsharma">{{cite book |last=Shankar Dayal Sharma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BCJuAAAAMAAJ&q=Nageswara+Rao |title=President Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma: January 1995 – July 1997 |publisher=Publication Divisions, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, AGovernment of India |year=1997 |isbn=9788123006147 |page=74}}</ref> Nageswara Rao received numerous accolades, including seven state [[Nandi Awards]], five [[Filmfare Awards South]] and a [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award]]. He was honoured with the [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]], the highest recognition in Indian cinema, in 1990. Additionally, he was awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]] (2011), [[Padma Bhushan]] (1988) and [[Padma Shri]] (1968), by the [[Government of India]] for his contributions to art and cinema.<ref name="rediff.com">{{cite web |date=22 January 2014 |title=Akkineni Nageswara Rao lived and breathed cinema |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/akkineni-nageswara-rao-lived-and-breathed-cinema/20140122.htm |access-date=23 January 2014 |work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>


ANR is known for his path-breaking work in [[biographical film]]s; He essayed the Tamil saint [[Thondaradippodi Alvar]] in the 1954 film ''[[Vipra Narayana]]''; [[Tenali Rama]] in the 1956 film ''[[Tenali Ramakrishna (film)|Tenali Ramakrishna]]'', which received the [[Discontinued and Intermittent National Film Awards#All India Certificate of Merit|All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film]]; [[Kalidas]] (the Sanskrit poet of [[Ujjain]]) in the 1960 film ''[[Mahakavi Kalidasu]]''; the 12th Century Sanskrit poet [[Jayadeva]] of [[Odisha]] in the 1961 film ''[[Bhakta Jayadeva]]''; the Kannada sculptor [[Amarashilpi Jakanachari]] in the 1964 film ''[[Amara Shilpi Jakkanna]]''; the Marathi saint [[Tukaram]] in the 1971 film ''[[Bhakta Tukaram]]''; [[Kabir]] in the 2006 film ''[[Sri Ramadasu]]''; [[Valmiki]] in the 2009 film ''[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]''. Similarly, Rao played many famous mythological figures such as Lord [[Vishnu]] in ''[[Chenchu Lakshmi]]''; [[Narada]] in ''[[Bhookailas (1958 Telugu film)|Bhookailas]]'' and [[Arjuna]] in ''[[Sri Krishnarjuna Yuddhamu]]''.
Nageswara Rao was particularly known for his roles in [[biographical film]]s. He portrayed the Tamil saint [[Thondaradippodi Alvar|Vipra Narayana]] in ''[[Vipra Narayana]]'' (1954), the Telugu poet [[Tenali Rama]]krishna in ''[[Tenali Ramakrishna (film)|Tenali Ramakrishna]]'' (1956), which received the [[Discontinued and Intermittent National Film Awards#All India Certificate of Merit|All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film]], the Sanskrit poet [[Kalidasa]] in ''[[Mahakavi Kalidasu]]'' (1960), the 12th-century poet [[Jayadeva]] in ''[[Bhakta Jayadeva]]'' (1961), the legendary sculptor [[Amarashilpi Jakanachari|Jakanachari]] in ''[[Amarasilpi Jakkanna]]'' (1964), the Marathi saint [[Tukaram]] in ''[[Bhakta Tukaram]]'' (1971), the 15th-century mystic poet [[Kabir]] in ''[[Sri Ramadasu]]'' (2006), and the Sanskrit poet [[Valmiki]] in ''[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]'' (2009). He also portrayed mythological figures such as Lord [[Vishnu]] in ''[[Chenchu Lakshmi (1958 film)|Chenchu Lakshmi]]'' (1958), [[Narada]] in ''[[Bhookailas (1958 film)|Bhookailas]]'' (1958), and [[Arjuna]] in ''[[Sri Krishnarjuna Yuddhamu]]'' (1963).


ANR is also remembered for his performances in romantic dramas ''[[Laila Majnu (1949 film)|Laila Majnu]]'' (1949), ''[[Devadasu (1953 film)|Devadasu]]'' (1953), ''[[Anarkali (1955 film)|Anarkali]]'' (1955), ''[[Batasari]]'' (1961), ''[[Mooga Manasulu]]'' (1964), ''[[Prem Nagar (1971 film)|Prem Nagar]]'' (1971), ''[[Premabhishekam (1981 film)|Premabhishekam]]'' (1981) and ''[[Meghasandesham]]'' (1982), which was featured at the 9th [[International Film Festival of India]], the [[1983 Cannes Film Festival]] and the [[Moscow film festival]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=9IIFA.pdf | title = Archived copy |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227132032/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=9IIFA.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | author = Ranjana Dave | url = http://archive.asianage.com/dance/meaning-movement-323 | title = The meaning in movement | newspaper = The Asian Age | date = 30 June 2011 | accessdate = 4 September 2012}}</ref> ANR also starred in the blockbusters ''[[Ardhangi]]'' (1955), ''[[Donga Ramudu]]'' (1955), ''[[Mangalya Balam]]'' (1958), ''[[Gundamma Katha]]'' (1962), ''[[Doctor Chakravarty]]'' (1964), ''[[Dharma Daata]]'' (1970) and ''[[Dussehra Bullodu]]'' (1971).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/bio-data/bio-anr-megha.html | title = ANR – Telugu cinema stars | publisher = Idlebrain.com | accessdate = 4 September 2012}}</ref>
Nageswara Rao is also remembered for his performances in romantic dramas, including ''[[Laila Majnu (1949 film)|Laila Majnu]]'' (1949), ''[[Devadasu (1953 film)|Devadasu]]'' (1953), ''[[Anarkali (1955 film)|Anarkali]]'' (1955), ''[[Batasari]]'' (1961), ''[[Mooga Manasulu]]'' (1964), ''[[Prema Nagar]]'' (1971), {{Lang|te-latn|[[Premabhishekam (1981 film)|Premabhishekam]]}} (1981), and ''[[Meghasandesam]]'' (1982).<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=9IIFA.pdf | title = Directorate of Film Festival |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227132032/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=9IIFA.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | author = Ranjana Dave | url = http://archive.asianage.com/dance/meaning-movement-323 | title = The meaning in movement | newspaper = The Asian Age | date = 30 June 2011 | access-date = 4 September 2012}}</ref> He also starred in the blockbusters ''[[Balaraju]]'' (1948), ''[[Keelu Gurram]]'' (1949), ''[[Ardhangi]]'' (1955), ''[[Donga Ramudu (1955 film)|Donga Ramudu]]'' (1955), ''[[Mangalya Balam]]'' (1958), ''[[Gundamma Katha]]'' (1962), ''[[Doctor Chakravarty]]'' (1964), ''[[Dharma Daata]]'' (1970), and ''[[Dasara Bullodu]]'' (1971).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/bio-data/bio-anr-megha.html | title = ANR – Telugu cinema stars | publisher = Idlebrain.com | access-date = 4 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2020 |title=Netizens Remember Legendary Actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao on his 97th birth anniversary |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/netizens-remember-legendary-actor-akkineni-nageswara-rao-on-his-97th-birth-anniversary/articleshow/78215580.cms |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

ANR received seven state [[Nandi Awards]], and five [[Filmfare Awards South]]. He is a recipient of the [[Dada Saheb Phalke Award]], the highest Indian award in the field of cinema. He was also honoured with the [[Padma Vibhushan]], India's second highest civilian award, for his contribution to the film industry.<ref name="rediff.com">{{cite web | title = Akkineni Nageswara Rao lived and breathed cinema | url = http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/akkineni-nageswara-rao-lived-and-breathed-cinema/20140122.htm | accessdate = 23 January 2014 | publisher = [[Rediff.com]] | date = 22 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="Nagarjuna about God">{{cite web | url = http://www.myfirstshow.com/news/view/4569/Nagarjuna-vs-God.html | title = Nagarjuna about God | publisher = MyFirstShow.com | accessdate = 23 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105062242/http://www.myfirstshow.com/news/view/4569/Nagarjuna-vs-God.html |archive-date=5 January 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news | url = http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/ANR-Actor-Par-Excellence-Student-and-Humanist/2014/01/23/article2015241.ece | title = ANR, Actor Par Excellence, Student and Humanist | work = [[The Indian Express]] | date = 23 January 2014 | accessdate = 23 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="Romance Is All">{{cite magazine | url = http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?288054 | title = Romance Is All | magazine = [[Outlook India]] | date = 14 October 2013 | accessdate = 23 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005094544/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?288054 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]'' (2014) was the last film of ANR, who died on 22 January 2014 during the film's production phase. The film was a "befitting swansong", as he always famously said that he wanted to die acting. The film was screened at the [[45th International Film Festival of India]] in the ''Homage to ANR'' section on 29 November 2014.<ref name="Romance Is All"/>
He played a pivotal role in the relocation of the Telugu film industry from [[Madras]] to [[Hyderabad]] in the 1970s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Reddem |first=Appaji |date=2022-02-22 |title=Tollywood's great dilemma |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/tollywood-in-a-dilemma-on-whether-to-move-to-vizag-or-stay-in-hyderabad/article65074424.ece |access-date=2022-09-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |quote=After convincing producers and directors to shoot several movies in erstwhile united Andhra Pradesh, actor and producer Akkineni Nageswara Rao founded Annapurna Studios in Hyderabad in the 1970s.}}</ref><ref name="Sengupta">{{cite news |last=Sengupta |first=Pallavi |date=22 January 2014 |title=Telugu filmstar Akkineni Nageswara Rao no more |url=http://news.oneindia.in/india/actor-telugu-films-akkineni-nageswara-rao-no-more-1380959.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404202727/http://news.oneindia.in/india/actor-telugu-films-akkineni-nageswara-rao-no-more-1380959.html |archive-date=4 April 2014 |access-date=22 January 2014 |work=[[OneIndia]]}}</ref> To support the growing industry in Hyderabad, he established [[Annapurna Studios]] in 1976. Later, in 2011, he founded the [[Annapurna College of Film and Media]] within Annapurna Studios.<ref name="About Us">{{cite web |date=13 August 1975 |title=About Us |url=http://annapurnastudios.com/about-us/#founder |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119122523/http://annapurnastudios.com/about-us/#founder |archive-date=19 January 2014 |access-date=22 January 2014 |publisher=Annapurna Studios}}</ref> His last film, ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]'' (2014), was released posthumously and was featured at the [[45th International Film Festival of India]] in the Homage to ANR section. Nageswara Rao died on 22 January 2014, during the production of ''Manam''.<ref name="Romance Is All">{{cite magazine |date=14 October 2013 |title=Romance Is All |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?288054 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005094544/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?288054 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=23 January 2014 |magazine=[[Outlook India]]}}</ref>


==Early life and background==
==Early life and background==
Akkineni Nageswara Rao was born into a lower-middle-class family on 20 September 1924 in [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]], [[Krishna District]], Andhra Pradesh. He was the youngest of five brothers. His parents Akkineni Venkatratnam and Akkineni Punnamma,<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/?id=6TU9AAAAYAAJ&q=Venkata+Ratnam+and+Punnamma&dq=Venkata+Ratnam+and+Punnamma | title = India Who's who | date = 2000 | publisher = INFA Publications | language = en}}</ref> were from the farming community. His formal education was limited to primary schooling due to his parents' poor economic condition.
Akkineni Nageswara Rao was born into a lower-middle-class [[Kamma (caste)|Kamma]] family on 20 September 1923 in [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]], [[Krishna District]], of present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He was the youngest of five brothers. His parents Akkineni Venkataratnam and Akkineni Punnamma,<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6TU9AAAAYAAJ&q=Venkata+Ratnam+and+Punnamma | title = India Who's who | date = 2000 | publisher = INFA Publications | language = en}}</ref> were from the farming community. His formal education was limited to primary schooling due to his parents' poor economic condition.


From the paddy fields, he strode into the field of fine arts through theatre at the age of 10.<ref>{{Cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/irreplaceable-icon/article5617831.ece | title = Irreplaceable icon | last = Narasimham | first = M. L. | date = 25 January 2014 | work = The Hindu|access-date=14 June 2018 | issn = 0971-751X}}</ref> He became a famous stage actor, specialising in playing female characters, since women at that time were mostly prohibited from acting. His most noted roles were in some of the famous dramas of the day: ''Harishchandra'', ''Kanakatara'', ''Vipranarayana'', ''Telugu Talli'', ''Aasajyoti'' and ''Satyanveshanam''. The turning point of his career came when Ghantasala Balaramaiah, a prominent film producer at that time, discovered him by chance at the Vijayawada railway station. He was cast in the lead role of Rama in [[Seeta Rama Jananam]]. This was after his debut in a supporting role in the film ''[[Dharmapatni]]''.
He began working in theatre at the age of 10.<ref>{{Cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/irreplaceable-icon/article5617831.ece | title = Irreplaceable icon | last = Narasimham | first = M. L. | date = 25 January 2014 | work = The Hindu|access-date=14 June 2018 | issn = 0971-751X}}</ref> He became a stage actor, specialising in playing female characters, since women at that time were mostly prohibited from acting. His most famous roles were in notable dramas ''Harishchandra'', ''Kanakatara'', ''Vipranarayana'', ''Telugu Talli'', ''Aasajyoti'' and ''Satyanveshanam''. The turning point of his career was when [[Ghantasala Balaramayya]], a prominent film producer at that time, discovered him at the Vijayawada railway station. He was cast in the lead role of Rama in ''[[Sri Seeta Rama Jananam]]'' (1944). This was after his debut in a supporting role in the film ''[[Dharma Patni|Dharmapatni]]'' (1941).


==Stardom==
==Career==
From very humble beginnings, he went on to star in over 255 films, spanning the Telugu, Tamil and Hindi languages.<ref name=eenadu1>{{cite web | title = Legendary telugu actor ANR passes away at 91 | url = http://www.eenadu.net/Homeinner.aspx?item=break31 | publisher = Eenadu | accessdate = 22 January 2014}}</ref> A majority of his films were both commercial and critical successes.<ref name="rediff.com"/><ref name="Nagarjuna about God"/><ref name="Indian Express"/><ref name="Romance Is All"/><ref name="GroupedRef1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.telugufilmfun.com/celebrity_interviews/Akkineni_Nageswara_Rao_Birthday.php | title = Interview with A. Nageswara Rao | website = Telugu Filmfun | via = www.telugufilmfun.com | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080506151814/http://www.telugufilmfun.com/celebrity_interviews/Akkineni_Nageswara_Rao_Birthday.php | archive-date = 6 May 2008 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
He starred in over 255 films, spanning the Telugu, Tamil and Hindi languages.<ref name=eenadu1>{{cite web | title = Legendary telugu actor ANR passes away at 91 | url = http://www.eenadu.net/Homeinner.aspx?item=break31 | publisher = Eenadu | access-date = 22 January 2014 | archive-date = 19 June 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120619023950/http://www.eenadu.net/Homeinner.aspx?item=break31 | url-status = dead }}</ref> A majority of his films were both commercial and critical successes.<ref name="rediff.com"/><ref name="Nagarjuna about God">{{cite web|title=Nagarjuna about God|url=http://www.myfirstshow.com/news/view/4569/Nagarjuna-vs-God.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105062242/http://www.myfirstshow.com/news/view/4569/Nagarjuna-vs-God.html|archive-date=5 January 2016|access-date=23 January 2014|publisher=MyFirstShow.com}}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news |date=23 January 2014 |title=ANR, Actor Par Excellence, Student and Humanist |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/ANR-Actor-Par-Excellence-Student-and-Humanist/2014/01/23/article2015241.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123090116/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/ANR-Actor-Par-Excellence-Student-and-Humanist/2014/01/23/article2015241.ece |archive-date=23 January 2014 |access-date=23 January 2014 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name="Romance Is All"/><ref name="GroupedRef1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.telugufilmfun.com/celebrity_interviews/Akkineni_Nageswara_Rao_Birthday.php | title = Interview with A. Nageswara Rao | website = Telugu Filmfun | via = www.telugufilmfun.com | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080506151814/http://www.telugufilmfun.com/celebrity_interviews/Akkineni_Nageswara_Rao_Birthday.php | archive-date = 6 May 2008 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
<!--[[File:ANRcurrent.jpg|thumb|upright|ANR in 2013]]-->
<!--[[File:ANRcurrent.jpg|thumb|upright|ANR in 2013]]-->
His turning point in cinema came in 1953 when he essayed the doomed alcoholic lover in ''[[Devadasu (1953 film)|Devadasu]]''. To avoid being typecast, he shifted paths by doing a surprising comic turn in ''[[Missamma]]''.


⚫
Though he is known for playing mythological figures such as Rama and Krishna, he was notably an atheist.<ref>{{cite news | title = Nageswara Rao, my father was a humble human being: Son Nagarjuna | url = https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-nageswara-rao-my-father-was-a-humble-human-being-son-nagarjuna-1958114 | access-date = 23 December 2018 | work = [[Daily News and Analysis]] | date = 29 January 2014}}</ref>
Akkineni Nageswara Rao played a range of characters that very few matched. His movie, ''[[Premabhishekam (1981 film)|Premabhishekam]]'' is one of the biggest hits ever in Tollywood, with an amazing 533 days run in Hyderabad. It is still the highest theatrical run in a city for any Telugu movie.


He is fondly called ''Natasamrat'' by his fans. In 1953, Akkineni played the titular role in [[Devadasu (1953 film)|''Devadasu'']] (1953), which is based on the [[Devdas|novel of the same name]]. ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' reported that several critics had considered Rao's portrayal to be the best among all language versions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2014-01-25|title=Tribute to an acting powerhouse|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/382694/tribute-acting-powerhouse.html|access-date=2021-03-18|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref> [[Navaratri (1966 film)|''Navaratri'']] (1966) made Akkineni the second actor after [[Sivaji Ganesan]] to play nine different roles in a film.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-01-22|title=Nageswara Rao: little known facts|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/nageswara-rao-little-known-facts/story-wdqpD4zNQPpgmI836lRB9I.html|access-date=2021-03-18|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
He was the second to play multiple roles after [[ Sivaji Ganesan]] (Nine in all) in the Telugu film ''[[Navarathri]]'' which was the remake of ''[[Navarathri (1964 film)]]. ANR's portrayal of an alcoholic lover in ''[[Devadasu (1953 film)|Devadasu]]'', remains his signature role. Although ''Devadasu'' has been made in several languages by many others (in Hindi with Dilip Kumar, and later with Shah Rukh Khan), critics unanimously{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} are of the opinion that ANR's portrayal is by far the best. Even Dilip Kumar once famously remarked that ANR's performance outshone even his own.


Akkineni is known for his romantic roles in films such as [[Laila Majnu (1949 film)|''Laila Majnu'']] (1949), [[Anarkali (1955 film)|''Anarkali'']] (1955), and ''[[Prema Nagar]]'' (1971). He also played several mythological characters in ''[[Mayabazar]]'' (1957), ''[[Mahakavi Kalidasu]]'' (1965), ''[[Bhakta Tukaram]]'' (1973), and ''[[Sri Ramadasu]]'' (2006).<ref>{{Cite news|last=IANS|date=2014-01-22|title=Akkineni Nageswara Rao: Titan of Telugu cinema (Obituary)|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/akkineni-nageswara-rao-titan-of-telugu-cinema-obituary-114012200653_1.html|access-date=2021-03-18}}</ref>
⚫
Though he did the roles of mythological divine figures such as Rama, Krishna and many others, he was famously an agnostic.<ref>{{cite news | title = Nageswara Rao, my father was a humble human being: Son Nagarjuna | url = https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-nageswara-rao-my-father-was-a-humble-human-being-son-nagarjuna-1958114 | accessdate = 23 December 2018 | work = [[Daily News and Analysis]] | date = 29 January 2014}}</ref>


He is fondly called ''Natasamrat'' by his fans. Some of his many commercially successful films are ''[[Maya Bazaar]], Samsaram, [[Bratuku Theruvu]], [[Aradhana (1962 film)|Aradhana]], [[Donga Ramudu]], [[Dr. Chakravarthi]], [[Ardhaangi]], [[Mangalya Balam]], [[Illarikam]], [[Shantinivasam]], [[Velugu Needalu]], [[Dasara Bullodu]], [[Bharya Bhartalu]], [[Dharmadata]], [[Batasari]]'' and ''[[College Bullodu]]''. ''[[Sitaramayyagari Manavaralu]]'' was released in 1991, almost 50 years after his debut, and was a huge success at the box office, despite the influx of younger stars.
Some of his many commercially successful films are ''[[Maya Bazaar]], Samsaram, [[Bratuku Theruvu]], [[Aradhana (1962 film)|Aradhana]], [[Donga Ramudu (1955 film)|Donga Ramudu]], [[Dr. Chakravarthi]], [[Ardhaangi]], [[Mangalya Balam]], [[Illarikam]], [[Santhi Nivasam (1960 film)|Shantinivasam]], [[Velugu Needalu]], [[Dasara Bullodu]], [[Bharya Bhartalu]], [[Dharmadata]], [[Batasari]]'' and ''[[College Bullodu]]''. ''[[Sitaramayyagari Manavaralu]]'' was released in 1991, almost 50 years after his debut, and was a success at the box office.


Akkineni played an instrumental role in shifting the base of [[Telugu cinema]] from [[Madras]] to [[Hyderabad]]. During the late 1970s, he made a point to work only in the films that were produced in [[Andhra Pradesh]] (except for [[Vijaya Vauhini Studios]] and Venus Studios films). In 1976, he established [[Annapurna Studios]] in Hyderabad as part of his efforts to provide the necessary infrastructure to produce films there.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-01-23|title=ANR inspired Telugu film industry's shift from Chennai|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/anr-inspired-telugu-film-industrys-shift-from-chennai/article5606692.ece|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
==Death==


==Charity==
⚫
On 19 October 2013, ANR was diagnosed with stomach cancer.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/anr-struck-by-cancer-of-intestine/article5252056.ece | title = ANR Struck by Cancer of intestine | newspaper = The Hindu | date = 20 October 2013 | last1 = Krishnamoorthy | first1 = Suresh}}</ref> He continued shooting for his final film ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]'', two weeks after a major laparoscopic surgery, which some doctors feared he wouldn't survive.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/ANR-dubbed-for-his-film-from-his-death-bed/articleshow/29589880.cms | title = ANR dubbed for his film from his death bed | work = The Times of India}}</ref> He had often said that he wished to act till his death, and Manam proved that. His last public appearance was befittingly at the foundation day celebrations of [[Annapurna Studios]] on 14 January 2014. Akkineni died a week later, on 22 January 2014.<ref name="GroupedRef5">{{cite web | url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Evergreen-actor-ANR-has-cancer/articleshow/24409118.cms | title = Evergreen actor ANR has cancer | work = The Times of India}}</ref> He was cremated on 23 January 2014, at [[Annapurna Studios]] with full state honours amid a 21-gun salute. Thousands were present to pay their last respects.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/thousands-bid-tearful-farewell-to-akkineni-nageswara-rao/article5612549.ece | title = Thousands bid tearful farewell to Akkineni Nageswara Rao | newspaper = The Hindu | date = 24 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="GroupedRef6">{{cite web | url = http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/film-personalities-pay-last-respects-to-anr/article1-1175959.aspx | title = Film personalities pay last respects to ANR | work = Hindustan Times |url-status=dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140204035946/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/film-personalities-pay-last-respects-to-anr/article1-1175959.aspx | archivedate = 4 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="GroupedRef6"/>
⚫
Akkineni was very active in social service. Regarding the existence of God, he once said, "If there's a presence there, I'm sure he'll want us to perform our earthly duties well and be a good human being rather than blindly worship him".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/anr-always/article5606052.ece | title = ANR Always | newspaper = The Hindu | access-date = 26 February 2014 | date = 22 January 2014 | last1 = Mary | first1 = S. B. Vijaya}}</ref>


⚫
Akkineni set up the Akkineni Janmabhoomi trust under the Janmabhoomi programme to foster development in his home town, [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]]. He was instrumental in the construction of the Akkineni Varadhi (a bridge named after him), which improved his village's economy by facilitating easy connectivity. In Ramapuram, Akkineni contributed towards the construction of a water filtration plant.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/akkineni-varadhi-keeps-anrs-memory-alive/article5612791.ece | title = Akkineni Varadhi | newspaper = The Hindu | date = 24 January 2014 | last1 = Nagaraja | first1 = G.}}</ref>
==Literary works==


⚫
He instituted the Akkineni International Foundation in 2005 to honour those who contributed to the Film Industry.<ref name="GroupedRef7">{{cite news | url = http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/01/20/stories/2006012001380100.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140204002016/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/01/20/stories/2006012001380100.htm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 4 February 2014 | title = Entertainment Hyderabad : Such a long journey | date = 20 January 2006 | work = [[The Hindu]] | access-date = 22 January 2014}}</ref> The [[Annapurna College of Film and Media]], founded by his family in 2011, was set up as a non-profit entity. Rao donated to educational institutions since the beginning of his career and created scholarships at [[Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management|GITAM University]] (Vizag).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.educationinindia.in/tag/gitam-university/ | title = 2013 Merit Fellowships, GITAM University | publisher = Education in India | access-date = 26 February 2014 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He was the Chief Donor and President of [[ANR College|Akkineni Nageswara Rao College]], which was named after him.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.anrcollege.edu/html/history.htm | title = ANR College History | publisher = ANR College | access-date = 26 February 2014 |url-status=dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140125030839/http://www.anrcollege.edu/html/history.htm | archive-date = 25 January 2014}}</ref> Rao was a Life member of the board and an adviser to the Department of Dramatics and Theatre Arts of Andhra University. He instituted gold medals for students who excelled in Acting and Direction.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.andhrauniversity.edu.in/arts/theatrearts/index.html | title = Andhra University Department of Theatre Arts | publisher = Andhra University | access-date = 26 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930065626/http://andhrauniversity.edu.in/arts/theatrearts/index.html |archive-date=30 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2012, he instituted the Akkineni Annapurna Educational Trust in memory of his wife Annapurna.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bharatmovies.com/ve/anr-at-akkineni-annapurna-educational-trust-press-meet.htm | title = ANR @ Akkineni Annapurna Education Trust Press Meet | publisher = Bharath Movies | access-date = 26 February 2014 | archive-date = 6 February 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150206071041/http://www.bharatmovies.com/ve/anr-at-akkineni-annapurna-educational-trust-press-meet.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref>
Apart from being a movie star, ANR was an avid writer. Most of his books were autobiographical works, the most famous of which are ''Nenu Na Jeevitham'', the memories of his first visit to the US, ''Nenu Choosina America'', and a poetic rendition of his personal thoughts, ''A Aa lu - Akkineni Alochanalu''. ''Manasuloni Maata'' is another of his famous books.


==Family==
==Personal life==
{{further|Akkineni–Daggubati family}}
ANR married Annapurna Kollipara on 18 February 1949. He said several times that he was indebted to her and her family for accepting the match, and that was the main reason why he named most of his enterprises after her. They had 5 children together and 11 grandchildren, most of whom are actively involved in films and in his entrepreneurships.
Akkineni married Annapurna on 18 February 1949. [[Annapurna Studios]] (established 1975) is named after her, and she was also credited as a presenter for several of the studio's productions. Annapurna died in 2011 after a prolonged illness.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Akkineni Annapurna: A devoted wife and a doting mother|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/akkineni-annapurna-a-devoted-wife-and-a-doting-mother/articleshow/11280463.cms|access-date=2021-01-12|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> The couple had 5 children: [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]], Venkat Rathnam, Saroja, Sathyavathi, and Naga Susheela.


==Charity==
==Death==
⚫
On 19 October 2013, Akkineni was diagnosed with [[stomach cancer]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Krishnamoorthy|first1=Suresh|date=20 October 2013|title=ANR Struck by Cancer of intestine|newspaper=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/anr-struck-by-cancer-of-intestine/article5252056.ece}}</ref> He continued shooting for his final film ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]'' two weeks after a major laparoscopic surgery, which some doctors feared he wouldn't survive.<ref>{{cite news|title=ANR dubbed for his film from his death bed|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/ANR-dubbed-for-his-film-from-his-death-bed/articleshow/29589880.cms|work=The Times of India}}</ref> His last public appearance was at the foundation day celebrations of [[Annapurna Studios]] on 14 January 2014. Akkineni died a week later, on 22 January 2014.<ref name="GroupedRef5">{{cite news|title=Evergreen actor ANR has cancer|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Evergreen-actor-ANR-has-cancer/articleshow/24409118.cms|work=The Times of India|date=20 October 2013 }}</ref> He was cremated on 23 January 2014, at [[Annapurna Studios]] with full state honours amid a 21-gun salute. Thousands were present to pay their last respects.<ref>{{cite news|date=24 January 2014|title=Thousands bid tearful farewell to Akkineni Nageswara Rao|newspaper=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/thousands-bid-tearful-farewell-to-akkineni-nageswara-rao/article5612549.ece}}</ref><ref name="GroupedRef6">{{cite web|title=Film personalities pay last respects to ANR|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/film-personalities-pay-last-respects-to-anr/article1-1175959.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204035946/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/film-personalities-pay-last-respects-to-anr/article1-1175959.aspx|archive-date=4 February 2014|work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
⚫
ANR was very active in social service. Pointing to the sky, he once famously said, "If there's a presence there, I'm sure he'll want us to perform our earthly duties well and be a good human being rather than blindly worship him".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/anr-always/article5606052.ece | title = ANR Always | newspaper = The Hindu | accessdate = 26 February 2014 | date = 22 January 2014 | last1 = Mary | first1 = S. B. Vijaya}}</ref>

⚫
He set up the Akkineni Janmabhoomi trust to foster development in his home town, [[Ramapuram (Venkata Raghava Puram)|Ramapuram]]. He strove hard to have it realised under the Janmabhoomi programme during the TDP regime. He was instrumental in the construction of the Akkineni Varadhi (a bridge named after him), which improved his village's economy by facilitating easy connectivity. In Ramapuram, even safe drinking water was something which was unheard of until Akkineni's contribution towards the construction of a water filtration plant.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/akkineni-varadhi-keeps-anrs-memory-alive/article5612791.ece | title = Akkineni Varadhi | newspaper = The Hindu | date = 24 January 2014 | last1 = Nagaraja | first1 = G.}}</ref>

⚫
He instituted the Akkineni International Foundation in 2005 to honour those who contributed to the Film Industry.<ref name = "GroupedRef7">{{cite news | url = http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/01/20/stories/2006012001380100.htm | title = Entertainment Hyderabad : Such a long journey | work = The Hindu | date = 20 January 2006 | accessdate = 22 January 2014}}</ref> The Annapurna International School of Film and Media, founded by his family in 2011, was set up as a non-profit entity. ANR was generous towards educational institutions since the beginning of his career. Even though he didn't have the opportunity to fully complete his schooling, he understood the importance of education. He created scholarships at [[Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management|GITAM University]] (Vizag).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.educationinindia.in/tag/gitam-university/ | title = 2013 Merit Fellowships, GITAM University | publisher = Education in India | accessdate = 26 February 2014}}</ref> He was the Chief Donor and President of the College at Gudivada, which was subsequently named [[ANR College|Akkineni Nageswara Rao College]] after him.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.anrcollege.edu/html/history.htm | title = ANR College History | publisher = ANR College | accessdate = 26 February 2014 |url-status=dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140125030839/http://www.anrcollege.edu/html/history.htm | archivedate = 25 January 2014}}</ref> Apart from being a Life member of the board of the Andhra University, he was also adviser to its Department of Dramatics and Theatre Arts. He instituted Gold Medals for students who excelled in Acting and Direction.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.andhrauniversity.edu.in/arts/theatrearts/index.html | title = Andhra University Department of Theatre Arts | publisher = Andhra University | accessdate = 26 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930065626/http://andhrauniversity.edu.in/arts/theatrearts/index.html |archive-date=30 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2012, he instituted the Akkineni Annapurna Educational Trust in memory of his wife Annapurna.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bharatmovies.com/ve/anr-at-akkineni-annapurna-educational-trust-press-meet.htm | title = ANR @ Akkineni Annapurna Education Trust Press Meet | publisher = Bharath Movies | accessdate = 26 February 2014}}</ref>


==Awards and honours==
==Awards and honours==
;Civilian honors
;Civilian Honors
{| class="wikitable sortable"
⚫
* [[Padma Vibhushan]] (2011)<ref name="thehindu1" /><ref name="newindianexpress">{{cite web | title = Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away | url = http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Legendary-Telugu-Actor-Nageswara-Rao-Passes-Away/2014/01/22/article2013634.ece | work = The New Indian Express | accessdate = 22 January 2014}}</ref>
! Year
⚫
* [[Padma Bhushan]] (1988)<ref name="GroupedRef4">{{cite web | url = http://ibnlive.in.com/news/telugu-cinema-legend-akkineni-nageshwara-rao-dies-aged-91/446978-71-177.html | title = Telugu legend Akkineni Nageswara Rao dies aged 91 | publisher = ibnlive.in}}</ref>
! colspan="2" | Award
⚫
* [[Padma Shri]] (1968)<ref>{{cite web | title = Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away | url = http://entertainment.oneindia.in/telugu/news/2011/anr-padma-vibhushan-award-260111-aid0017.html | publisher = One India Entertainment | date = 26 January 2011}}</ref>
|-

|1968
⚫
| [[Padma Shri]]<ref>{{cite web | title = Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away | url = http://entertainment.oneindia.in/telugu/news/2011/anr-padma-vibhushan-award-260111-aid0017.html | publisher = One India Entertainment | date = 26 January 2011 | access-date = 25 February 2014 | archive-date = 4 March 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140304070520/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/telugu/news/2011/anr-padma-vibhushan-award-260111-aid0017.html | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|-
| 1988
⚫
| [[Padma Bhushan]]<ref name="GroupedRef4">{{cite web | url = http://ibnlive.in.com/news/telugu-cinema-legend-akkineni-nageshwara-rao-dies-aged-91/446978-71-177.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140125084633/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/telugu-cinema-legend-akkineni-nageshwara-rao-dies-aged-91/446978-71-177.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2014-01-25 | title = Telugu legend Akkineni Nageswara Rao dies aged 91 | publisher = ibnlive.in}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
⚫
| [[Padma Vibhushan]]<ref name="thehindu1" /><ref name="newindianexpress">{{cite web | title = Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away | url = http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Legendary-Telugu-Actor-Nageswara-Rao-Passes-Away/2014/01/22/article2013634.ece | work = The New Indian Express | access-date = 22 January 2014 | archive-date = 22 January 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140122055840/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Legendary-Telugu-Actor-Nageswara-Rao-Passes-Away/2014/01/22/article2013634.ece | url-status = dead }}</ref>
⚫
|}
;[[National Film Awards]]
;[[National Film Awards]]
* [[Dada Saheb Phalke Award]] (1991)<ref name=thehindu1>{{cite news | title = Akkineni Nageswara Rao passes away | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passes-away/article5604689.ece | newspaper = The Hindu | accessdate = 22 January 2014 | date = 22 January 2014 | last1 = Krishnamoorthy | first1 = Suresh}}</ref><ref name=businessstandard>{{cite news | last = K Rajnikanth | title = Doyen of Telugu cinema ANR dies at 91 | url = http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/doyen-of-telugu-cinema-anr-dies-at-91-114012200107_1.html | work = Business Standard | accessdate = 22 January 2014 | date = 22 January 2014}}</ref>
* [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1991)<ref name=thehindu1>{{cite news | title = Akkineni Nageswara Rao passes away | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passes-away/article5604689.ece | newspaper = The Hindu | access-date = 22 January 2014 | date = 22 January 2014 | last1 = Krishnamoorthy | first1 = Suresh}}</ref><ref name=businessstandard>{{cite news | last = K Rajnikanth | title = Doyen of Telugu cinema ANR dies at 91 | url = http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/doyen-of-telugu-cinema-anr-dies-at-91-114012200107_1.html | work = Business Standard | access-date = 22 January 2014 | date = 22 January 2014}}</ref>
;[[Filmfare Awards South]]
;[[Filmfare Awards South]]
* [[Filmfare Best Film Award (Telugu)]] – [[Sudigundalu]] (1968) (shared with veteran [[Adurthi Subba Rao]])<ref>{{cite web | url = https://books.google.com/?id=Q5UqAAAAYAAJ&q=sudigundalu | title = Collections | year = 1991}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://books.google.com/?id=vsYVAQAAIAAJ&dq=editions%3AMzUspQPrsGQC&q=sudigundalu | title = The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who | last1 = Reed | first1 = Sir Stanley | year = 1969}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Best Film Award (Telugu)]] – ''[[Sudigundalu]]'' (1968) (shared with [[Adurthi Subba Rao]])<ref>{{cite web | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5UqAAAAYAAJ&q=sudigundalu | title = Collections | year = 1991}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vsYVAQAAIAAJ&q=sudigundalu | title = The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who | last1 = Reed | first1 = Sir Stanley | year = 1969}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''Marapurani Manishi'' (1973)<ref name=toibook1>{{cite book | title = The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who | year = 1980 | publisher = Bennett, Coleman | page = 308 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=bRO2AAAAIAAJ&q=Marapurani+Manishi&dq=Marapurani+Manishi}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''Marapurani Manishi'' (1973)<ref name=toibook1>{{cite book | title = The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who | year = 1980 | publisher = Bennett, Coleman | page = 308 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=bRO2AAAAIAAJ&q=Marapurani+Manishi}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''[[Aatma Bandhuvulu]]'' (1987)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/details/35thAnnualFilmfareAwardsSouthWinners | archiveurl = https://archive.today/20170205141932/https://archive.org/details/35thAnnualFilmfareAwardsSouthWinners|url-status=dead | title = 35th Annual Filmfare Awards South Winners : Santosh : Free Download &… | date = 5 February 2017 | archivedate = 5 February 2017 | website = archive.is}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''[[Aatma Bandhuvulu]]'' (1987)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/details/35thAnnualFilmfareAwardsSouthWinners | archive-url = https://archive.today/20170205141932/https://archive.org/details/35thAnnualFilmfareAwardsSouthWinners|url-status=dead | title = 35th Annual Filmfare Awards South Winners : Santosh : Free Download &… | date = 5 February 2017 | archive-date = 5 February 2017 | website = archive.is}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South]] (1988)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.filmfare.com/features/lifetime-achievement-award-south-winners-down-the-years-6684.html | title = Lifetime Achievement Award (South) winners down the years... | website = filmfare.com}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South]] (1988)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.filmfare.com/features/lifetime-achievement-award-south-winners-down-the-years-6684.html | title = Lifetime Achievement Award (South) winners down the years... | website = filmfare.com}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''[[Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu]]'' (1991)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/details/39thAnnualFilmfareBestActorDirectorTeluguWinners | archiveurl = https://archive.today/20170207133748/https://archive.org/details/39thAnnualFilmfareBestActorDirectorTeluguWinners|url-status=dead | title = 39th Annual Filmfare Best Actor Director Telugu Winners : santosh : F… | date = 7 February 2017 | archivedate = 7 February 2017 | website = archive.is}}</ref><ref name=sainiksamachar>{{cite book | title = Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces, Volume 40 | publisher = Government of India | page = 30 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=x-zeAAAAMAAJ&q=Filmfare+awards | year = 1993}}</ref>
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] – ''[[Seetharamayya Gari Manavaralu|Seetharamayya gari Manavaralu]]'' (1991)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/details/39thAnnualFilmfareBestActorDirectorTeluguWinners | archive-url = https://archive.today/20170207133748/https://archive.org/details/39thAnnualFilmfareBestActorDirectorTeluguWinners|url-status=dead | title = 39th Annual Filmfare Best Actor Director Telugu Winners : santosh : F… | date = 7 February 2017 | archive-date = 7 February 2017 | website = archive.is}}</ref><ref name=sainiksamachar>{{cite book | title = Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces, Volume 40 | publisher = Government of India | page = 30 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=x-zeAAAAMAAJ&q=Filmfare+awards | year = 1993}}</ref>


;[[Nandi Awards]]
;[[Nandi Awards]]
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;[[Nandi Award for Best Actor]]
;[[Nandi Award for Best Actor]]
* ''[[Dr. Chakravarthy]]'' (1964){{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* ''[[Dr. Chakravarthy]]'' (1964)<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://awardsandwinners.com/category/nandi-awards/1964/ | title = Nandi Awards – 1964 – Winners & Nominees | website = awardsandwinners.com}}</ref>
* ''Antastulu'' (1965){{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* ''Antastulu'' (1965)<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://awardsandwinners.com/category/nandi-awards/1965/ | title = Nandi Awards – 1965 – Winners & Nominees | website = awardsandwinners.com}}</ref>
* ''Sudigundalu'' (1967){{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* ''Sudigundalu'' (1967)<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://awardsandwinners.com/category/nandi-awards/1967/ | title = Nandi Awards – 1967 – Winners & Nominees | website = awardsandwinners.com}}</ref>
* ''[[Meghasandesam]]'' (1982)<ref name=aegindia>{{cite web | title = Akkineni Nageswara Rao Passed Away | url = http://www.aegindia.org/2014/01/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passed-away-anr-died-of-cancer-in-care-hospital-hyderabad/2141403.html | publisher = AEG India | accessdate = 22 January 2014 |url-status=dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140124063453/http://www.aegindia.org/2014/01/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passed-away-anr-died-of-cancer-in-care-hospital-hyderabad/2141403.html | archivedate = 24 January 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Meghasandesam]]'' (1982)<ref name=aegindia>{{cite web | title = Akkineni Nageswara Rao Passed Away | url = http://www.aegindia.org/2014/01/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passed-away-anr-died-of-cancer-in-care-hospital-hyderabad/2141403.html | publisher = AEG India | access-date = 22 January 2014 |url-status=dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140124063453/http://www.aegindia.org/2014/01/akkineni-nageswara-rao-passed-away-anr-died-of-cancer-in-care-hospital-hyderabad/2141403.html | archive-date = 24 January 2014}}</ref>
* ''Bangaru Kutumbam'' (1994)<ref name=whoswho>{{cite book | title = Who's who | year = 2000 | publisher = Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Indian Parliament | page = 496 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=MnKPAAAAMAAJ&q=Bangaru+Kutumbam&dq=Bangaru+Kutumbam}}</ref>
* ''Bangaru Kutumbam'' (1994)<ref name=whoswho>{{cite book | title = Who's who | year = 2000 | publisher = Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Indian Parliament | page = 496 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MnKPAAAAMAAJ&q=Bangaru+Kutumbam}}</ref>


;Other state honours
;Other state honours
Line 93: Line 103:
* [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award]] – Arignar Anna Award in 1992<ref>[[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=November 2017}}
* [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award]] – Arignar Anna Award in 1992<ref>[[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=November 2017}}


* Department of [[India Post]] released a commemorative postal stamp on his 100th birth anniversary at Dak Sadan in Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite web|title=Postage stamp on ANR centenary released |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/postage-stamp-on-anr-centenary-released/article68664882.ece|website=www.thehindu.com|access-date=21 September 2024}}</ref>
⚫
==Filmography==
⚫
Main Article:[[Akkineni Nageswara Rao filmography]]


⚫
==Filmography==
;Books Written on ANR
⚫
{{Main|Akkineni Nageswara Rao filmography}}
*Manishilo Maneeshi by Dr.K.V. Krishnakumari
*Akkineni Nageswara Rao Oka Spoorthi Santhakam by Surepalli Vijaya
*Mahanatudu Akkineni by Dr.K.V. Krishnakumari
*Akkineni Abhinaya Vedam
*Mahannatudu Akkineni Natinchina Maruvaleni Pathralu by Rasamayi
*Kathanayakudi Katha by Mullapudi Venkataramana
*Living Legend Dr. Akkineni by Rasamayi
*Akkineni Sahasra Chandra Darshanam by Sripada Jyothi Prakash
*Akkineni Kathanayikalu by S.V.Rama Rao
*Akkineni Chitrallo Sookthulu by S.V.Rama Rao
*Akkineni Nageswara Rao Jeevithame Vyaktitwa Vikasam by Govindraju Chakradhar
*Natasamrat Dr. Akkineni Diary by Shaik Ibrahim


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
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|title=Awards for Akkineni Nagerswara Rao
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{{Dadasaheb Phalke Award}}
{{Dadasaheb Phalke Award}}
{{NTR National Award}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1980–89}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1980–89}}
{{Raghupathi Venkaiah Award Recipients}}
{{Raghupathi Venkaiah Award Recipients}}
{{Nandi Award for Best Actor}}
{{Nandi Award for Best Actor}}
{{Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu}}
{{FilmfareTeluguBestActor}}
{{Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South}}
{{Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South}}
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}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Akkineni Nageswara}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Akkineni Nageswara}}
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:1923 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:Andhra University alumni]]
[[Category:Andhra University alumni]]

Latest revision as of 12:06, 23 December 2024

In this Telugu name, the surname is Akkineni.

Akkineni Nageswara Rao
Akkineni in 1951
Born(1924-09-20)20 September 1924
Ramapuram, Madras Presidency, British India (now Andhra Pradesh, India)
Died22 January 2014(2014-01-22) (aged 90)
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh (now Telangana, India)
Occupations
  • Actor
  • film producer
Years active1941–2014
WorksFull list
Spouse
Annapurna
​
(m. 1949)​
Children5, including Nagarjuna
FamilyAkkineni–Daggubati family
Awards

Akkineni Nageswara Rao (20 September 1924[1] – 22 January 2014), widely known as ANR, was an Indian actor and film producer, primarily known for his works in Telugu cinema. Over his seven decade career, he starred in numerous landmark films, becoming one of the most prominent figures in the industry.[2] Nageswara Rao received numerous accolades, including seven state Nandi Awards, five Filmfare Awards South and a Tamil Nadu State Film Award. He was honoured with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest recognition in Indian cinema, in 1990. Additionally, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan (2011), Padma Bhushan (1988) and Padma Shri (1968), by the Government of India for his contributions to art and cinema.[3]

Nageswara Rao was particularly known for his roles in biographical films. He portrayed the Tamil saint Vipra Narayana in Vipra Narayana (1954), the Telugu poet Tenali Ramakrishna in Tenali Ramakrishna (1956), which received the All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film, the Sanskrit poet Kalidasa in Mahakavi Kalidasu (1960), the 12th-century poet Jayadeva in Bhakta Jayadeva (1961), the legendary sculptor Jakanachari in Amarasilpi Jakkanna (1964), the Marathi saint Tukaram in Bhakta Tukaram (1971), the 15th-century mystic poet Kabir in Sri Ramadasu (2006), and the Sanskrit poet Valmiki in Sri Rama Rajyam (2009). He also portrayed mythological figures such as Lord Vishnu in Chenchu Lakshmi (1958), Narada in Bhookailas (1958), and Arjuna in Sri Krishnarjuna Yuddhamu (1963).

Nageswara Rao is also remembered for his performances in romantic dramas, including Laila Majnu (1949), Devadasu (1953), Anarkali (1955), Batasari (1961), Mooga Manasulu (1964), Prema Nagar (1971), Premabhishekam (1981), and Meghasandesam (1982).[4][5] He also starred in the blockbusters Balaraju (1948), Keelu Gurram (1949), Ardhangi (1955), Donga Ramudu (1955), Mangalya Balam (1958), Gundamma Katha (1962), Doctor Chakravarty (1964), Dharma Daata (1970), and Dasara Bullodu (1971).[6][7]

He played a pivotal role in the relocation of the Telugu film industry from Madras to Hyderabad in the 1970s.[8][9] To support the growing industry in Hyderabad, he established Annapurna Studios in 1976. Later, in 2011, he founded the Annapurna College of Film and Media within Annapurna Studios.[10] His last film, Manam (2014), was released posthumously and was featured at the 45th International Film Festival of India in the Homage to ANR section. Nageswara Rao died on 22 January 2014, during the production of Manam.[11]

Early life and background

[edit]

Akkineni Nageswara Rao was born into a lower-middle-class Kamma family on 20 September 1923 in Ramapuram, Krishna District, of present-day Andhra Pradesh. He was the youngest of five brothers. His parents Akkineni Venkataratnam and Akkineni Punnamma,[12] were from the farming community. His formal education was limited to primary schooling due to his parents' poor economic condition.

He began working in theatre at the age of 10.[13] He became a stage actor, specialising in playing female characters, since women at that time were mostly prohibited from acting. His most famous roles were in notable dramas Harishchandra, Kanakatara, Vipranarayana, Telugu Talli, Aasajyoti and Satyanveshanam. The turning point of his career was when Ghantasala Balaramayya, a prominent film producer at that time, discovered him at the Vijayawada railway station. He was cast in the lead role of Rama in Sri Seeta Rama Jananam (1944). This was after his debut in a supporting role in the film Dharmapatni (1941).

Career

[edit]

He starred in over 255 films, spanning the Telugu, Tamil and Hindi languages.[14] A majority of his films were both commercial and critical successes.[3][15][16][11][17]

Though he is known for playing mythological figures such as Rama and Krishna, he was notably an atheist.[18]

He is fondly called Natasamrat by his fans. In 1953, Akkineni played the titular role in Devadasu (1953), which is based on the novel of the same name. Deccan Herald reported that several critics had considered Rao's portrayal to be the best among all language versions.[19] Navaratri (1966) made Akkineni the second actor after Sivaji Ganesan to play nine different roles in a film.[20]

Akkineni is known for his romantic roles in films such as Laila Majnu (1949), Anarkali (1955), and Prema Nagar (1971). He also played several mythological characters in Mayabazar (1957), Mahakavi Kalidasu (1965), Bhakta Tukaram (1973), and Sri Ramadasu (2006).[21]

Some of his many commercially successful films are Maya Bazaar, Samsaram, Bratuku Theruvu, Aradhana, Donga Ramudu, Dr. Chakravarthi, Ardhaangi, Mangalya Balam, Illarikam, Shantinivasam, Velugu Needalu, Dasara Bullodu, Bharya Bhartalu, Dharmadata, Batasari and College Bullodu. Sitaramayyagari Manavaralu was released in 1991, almost 50 years after his debut, and was a success at the box office.

Akkineni played an instrumental role in shifting the base of Telugu cinema from Madras to Hyderabad. During the late 1970s, he made a point to work only in the films that were produced in Andhra Pradesh (except for Vijaya Vauhini Studios and Venus Studios films). In 1976, he established Annapurna Studios in Hyderabad as part of his efforts to provide the necessary infrastructure to produce films there.[22]

Charity

[edit]

Akkineni was very active in social service. Regarding the existence of God, he once said, "If there's a presence there, I'm sure he'll want us to perform our earthly duties well and be a good human being rather than blindly worship him".[23]

Akkineni set up the Akkineni Janmabhoomi trust under the Janmabhoomi programme to foster development in his home town, Ramapuram. He was instrumental in the construction of the Akkineni Varadhi (a bridge named after him), which improved his village's economy by facilitating easy connectivity. In Ramapuram, Akkineni contributed towards the construction of a water filtration plant.[24]

He instituted the Akkineni International Foundation in 2005 to honour those who contributed to the Film Industry.[25] The Annapurna College of Film and Media, founded by his family in 2011, was set up as a non-profit entity. Rao donated to educational institutions since the beginning of his career and created scholarships at GITAM University (Vizag).[26] He was the Chief Donor and President of Akkineni Nageswara Rao College, which was named after him.[27] Rao was a Life member of the board and an adviser to the Department of Dramatics and Theatre Arts of Andhra University. He instituted gold medals for students who excelled in Acting and Direction.[28] In 2012, he instituted the Akkineni Annapurna Educational Trust in memory of his wife Annapurna.[29]

Personal life

[edit]
Further information: Akkineni–Daggubati family

Akkineni married Annapurna on 18 February 1949. Annapurna Studios (established 1975) is named after her, and she was also credited as a presenter for several of the studio's productions. Annapurna died in 2011 after a prolonged illness.[30] The couple had 5 children: Nagarjuna, Venkat Rathnam, Saroja, Sathyavathi, and Naga Susheela.

Death

[edit]

On 19 October 2013, Akkineni was diagnosed with stomach cancer.[31] He continued shooting for his final film Manam two weeks after a major laparoscopic surgery, which some doctors feared he wouldn't survive.[32] His last public appearance was at the foundation day celebrations of Annapurna Studios on 14 January 2014. Akkineni died a week later, on 22 January 2014.[33] He was cremated on 23 January 2014, at Annapurna Studios with full state honours amid a 21-gun salute. Thousands were present to pay their last respects.[34][35]

Awards and honours

[edit]
Civilian Honors
Year Award
1968 Padma Shri[36]
1988 Padma Bhushan[37]
2011 Padma Vibhushan[38][39]
National Film Awards
Filmfare Awards South
Nandi Awards
Nandi Award for Best Actor
Other state honours
  • Department of India Post released a commemorative postal stamp on his 100th birth anniversary at Dak Sadan in Hyderabad.[52]

Filmography

[edit]
Main article: Akkineni Nageswara Rao filmography

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Nageshwara Rao Akkineni Biography | Nageshwara Rao Akkineni Girlfriend, Wife, Family & Net Worth - FilmiBeat". www.filmibeat.com. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
  2. ^ Shankar Dayal Sharma (1997). President Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma: January 1995 – July 1997. Publication Divisions, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, AGovernment of India. p. 74. ISBN 9788123006147.
  3. ^ a b "Akkineni Nageswara Rao lived and breathed cinema". Rediff.com. 22 January 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  4. ^ "Directorate of Film Festival" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
  5. ^ Ranjana Dave (30 June 2011). "The meaning in movement". The Asian Age. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
  6. ^ "ANR – Telugu cinema stars". Idlebrain.com. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
  7. ^ "Netizens Remember Legendary Actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao on his 97th birth anniversary". The Times of India. 20 September 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  8. ^ Reddem, Appaji (22 February 2022). "Tollywood's great dilemma". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 16 September 2022. After convincing producers and directors to shoot several movies in erstwhile united Andhra Pradesh, actor and producer Akkineni Nageswara Rao founded Annapurna Studios in Hyderabad in the 1970s.
  9. ^ Sengupta, Pallavi (22 January 2014). "Telugu filmstar Akkineni Nageswara Rao no more". OneIndia. Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  10. ^ "About Us". Annapurna Studios. 13 August 1975. Archived from the original on 19 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  11. ^ a b "Romance Is All". Outlook India. 14 October 2013. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  12. ^ India Who's who. INFA Publications. 2000.
  13. ^ Narasimham, M. L. (25 January 2014). "Irreplaceable icon". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  14. ^ "Legendary telugu actor ANR passes away at 91". Eenadu. Archived from the original on 19 June 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  15. ^ "Nagarjuna about God". MyFirstShow.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  16. ^ "ANR, Actor Par Excellence, Student and Humanist". The Indian Express. 23 January 2014. Archived from the original on 23 January 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  17. ^ "Interview with A. Nageswara Rao". Telugu Filmfun. Archived from the original on 6 May 2008 – via www.telugufilmfun.com.
  18. ^ "Nageswara Rao, my father was a humble human being: Son Nagarjuna". Daily News and Analysis. 29 January 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  19. ^ "Tribute to an acting powerhouse". Deccan Herald. 25 January 2014. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  20. ^ "Nageswara Rao: little known facts". Hindustan Times. 22 January 2014. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  21. ^ IANS (22 January 2014). "Akkineni Nageswara Rao: Titan of Telugu cinema (Obituary)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  22. ^ "ANR inspired Telugu film industry's shift from Chennai". The Hindu. 23 January 2014. ISSN 0971-751X.
  23. ^ Mary, S. B. Vijaya (22 January 2014). "ANR Always". The Hindu. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  24. ^ Nagaraja, G. (24 January 2014). "Akkineni Varadhi". The Hindu.
  25. ^ "Entertainment Hyderabad : Such a long journey". The Hindu. 20 January 2006. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  26. ^ "2013 Merit Fellowships, GITAM University". Education in India. Retrieved 26 February 2014.[permanent dead link‍]
  27. ^ "ANR College History". ANR College. Archived from the original on 25 January 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  28. ^ "Andhra University Department of Theatre Arts". Andhra University. Archived from the original on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  29. ^ "ANR @ Akkineni Annapurna Education Trust Press Meet". Bharath Movies. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  30. ^ "Akkineni Annapurna: A devoted wife and a doting mother". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  31. ^ Krishnamoorthy, Suresh (20 October 2013). "ANR Struck by Cancer of intestine". The Hindu.
  32. ^ "ANR dubbed for his film from his death bed". The Times of India.
  33. ^ "Evergreen actor ANR has cancer". The Times of India. 20 October 2013.
  34. ^ "Thousands bid tearful farewell to Akkineni Nageswara Rao". The Hindu. 24 January 2014.
  35. ^ "Film personalities pay last respects to ANR". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014.
  36. ^ "Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away". One India Entertainment. 26 January 2011. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
  37. ^ "Telugu legend Akkineni Nageswara Rao dies aged 91". ibnlive.in. Archived from the original on 25 January 2014.
  38. ^ a b c d Krishnamoorthy, Suresh (22 January 2014). "Akkineni Nageswara Rao passes away". The Hindu. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  39. ^ "Legendary Telugu Actor Nageswara Rao Passes Away". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 22 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  40. ^ K Rajnikanth (22 January 2014). "Doyen of Telugu cinema ANR dies at 91". Business Standard. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  41. ^ "Collections". 1991.
  42. ^ Reed, Sir Stanley (1969). "The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who".
  43. ^ The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who. Bennett, Coleman. 1980. p. 308.
  44. ^ "35th Annual Filmfare Awards South Winners : Santosh : Free Download &…". archive.is. 5 February 2017. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017.
  45. ^ "Lifetime Achievement Award (South) winners down the years..." filmfare.com.
  46. ^ "39th Annual Filmfare Best Actor Director Telugu Winners : santosh : F…". archive.is. 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017.
  47. ^ Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces, Volume 40. Government of India. 1993. p. 30.
  48. ^ "Akkineni Nageswara Rao Passed Away". AEG India. Archived from the original on 24 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  49. ^ Who's who. Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Indian Parliament. 2000. p. 496.
  50. ^ a b "ANR – Telugu cinema stars". idlebrain.com.
  51. ^ Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award
  52. ^ "Postage stamp on ANR centenary released". www.thehindu.com. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
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