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{{Short description|American artist and educator}}
{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name = Maria Gaspar
| name = Maria Gaspar
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1980
| birth_date = {{bya|1980}}
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| death_date =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| death_place =
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| movement =
| movement =
| awards = Art Matters Award; [[Robert Rauschenberg]] Artist As Activist Fellowship; [[Creative Capital]] Award; [[Joan Mitchell]] Emerging Artist Grant; [[National Endowment for the Arts]]; Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award, National Museum of Mexican Art
| awards = [[Latinx Artist Fellowship]]; [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] in the Creative Arts; [[United States Artists]] Fellowship; Art Matters Award; [[Robert Rauschenberg]] Artist As Activist Fellowship; [[Creative Capital]] Award; [[Joan Mitchell]] Emerging Artist Grant; [[National Endowment for the Arts]]; Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award, National Museum of Mexican Art
| patrons =
| patrons =
| field = [[Installation art]], [[Sculpture]], [[Performance art]], [[Social Practice]]
| field = [[Installation art]], [[Sculpture]], [[Performance art]], [[Social Practice]]
| training = BFA [[Pratt Institute]], MFA [[University of Illinois at Chicago]]
| training = BFA [[Pratt Institute]], MFA [[University of Illinois at Chicago]]
| works = Sounds for Liberation, 96 Acres Project, Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter, On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous
| works = Radioactive: Stores from Beyond the Wall, Unblinking Eyes, Watching, Sounds for Liberation, 96 Acres Project, Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter, On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous
}}
}}
'''Maria Gaspar''' (born 1980)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org/exhibits/brown-brilliance-darkness-matter|title=Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter {{!}} National Museum of Mexican Art|website=nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref> is an [[United States|American]] interdisciplinary artist and educator.
'''Maria Gaspar''' (born 1980)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org/exhibits/brown-brilliance-darkness-matter|title=Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter {{!}} National Museum of Mexican Art|website=nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref> is an American interdisciplinary artist and educator.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bio |url=https://mariagaspar.com/bio |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>


Her works have been exhibited at venues including the [[Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago|Museum of Contemporary Art]] located in [[Chicago]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2009/Maria-Gaspar|title=UBS 12 x 12: New Artists/New Work: Maria Gaspar|website=MCA|language=en|access-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> Artspace in New Haven, CT,<ref name=":3" /> African American Museum, Philadelphia, PA, and many others. Gaspar's work has been written about in [[Artforum]], [[Chicago Tribune|The Chicago Tribune]], [[Hyperallergic]], and many other publications.
Her works have been exhibited at venues including the [[MoMA PS1]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cotter |first=Holland |date=2020-09-24 |title=Making Art When 'Lockdown' Means Prison |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/24/arts/design/marking-time-review-moma-ps1.html |access-date=2022-09-09 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> in New York, [[Pérez Art Museum Miami]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Xican-a.o.x. Body • Pérez Art Museum Miami |url=https://www.pamm.org/en/exhibition/xican-a-o-x-body/ |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=Pérez Art Museum Miami |language=en-US}}</ref> Florida, [[Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago|Museum of Contemporary Art]] located in [[Chicago]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2009/Maria-Gaspar|title=UBS 12 x 12: New Artists/New Work: Maria Gaspar|website=MCA|language=en|access-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> Artspace in New Haven, CT,<ref name=":3" /> African American Museum, Philadelphia, PA, University of California, Santa Cruz, and many others. Gaspar's work has been written about in the [[New York Times Magazine]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bradley |first=Adam |date=2022-08-11 |title=The Artists Taking on Mass Incarceration |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/11/t-magazine/art-mass-incarceration-prison.html |access-date=2022-09-09 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[Artforum]], [[Chicago Tribune|The Chicago Tribune]], [[Hyperallergic]], and many other publications.


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==
Gaspar was born in the Little Village neighborhood of Chicago in 1980. Her mother was a professional clown and later went on to be a community-radio DJ in Little Village at a station called WCYC that was part of the Boys & Girls Club.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://people.chicagoreader.com/who/maria-gaspar/profile/|title=Maria Gaspar|last=Reader|first=Chicago|date=2016-12-07|website=People Issue|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref> Gaspar has stated in numerous interviews that her mother's work has deeply influenced her art. She attended [[Whitney M. Young Magnet High School]], which had a strong art department, and started her public art career painting community murals.<ref name=":2" /> She received a BFA from [[Pratt Institute]] in 2002 and in 2009 she received an MFA from the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.saic.edu/profiles/faculty/maria-gaspar|title=mgaspa|website=School of the Art Institute of Chicago|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
Gaspar was born in Little Village, a neighbourhood on the West Side of Chicago in 1980. The Little Village neighbourhood is home to one of the largest Mexican American communities in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Little Village - United Way of Metro Chicago Neighborhood Network |url=https://liveunitedchicago.org/neighborhood-networks/little-village/#:~:text=Little%20Village%20is%20a%20vibrant,Lawndale%20community%20area%20of%20Chicago. |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=United Way of Metro Chicago |language=en-US}}</ref> She is first-generation to parents who migrated from Mexico to Chicago's West Side in the 1960's. Her mother was a teacher’s aide and professional clown and later went on to be a community-radio DJ in Little Village at a station called WCYC that was part of the Boys & Girls Club.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://people.chicagoreader.com/who/maria-gaspar/profile/|title=Maria Gaspar|date=2016-12-07|website=People Issue|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref> Gaspar has stated in numerous interviews that her mother's work has deeply influenced her art. She attended [[Whitney M. Young Magnet High School]], which had a strong art department, and started her public art career painting community murals.<ref name=":2" /> Gaspar travelled the city of Chicago to work with local muralists, observing different neighbourhoods and communities. She received a BFA from [[Pratt Institute]] in 2002 and in 2009 she received an MFA from the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.saic.edu/profiles/faculty/maria-gaspar|title=mgaspa|website=School of the Art Institute of Chicago|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Cook County Jail ==
[[Cook County Jail]] is located in South Lawndale, Chicago, Illinois and is known to be the third-largest jail system in the United States. Little Village, the neighbourhood which Gaspar grew up in, was primarily taken up by the corrections facility. Gaspar's work was heavily influenced by the jail and how it disproportionately affected Black and Brown families.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maria Gaspar's Power of Place {{!}} School of the Art Institute of Chicago |url=https://www.saic.edu/news/maria-gaspars-power-place |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.saic.edu |language=en}}</ref> The first piece Gaspar completed connected to the jail was ''Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible''. Gaspar created an audio documentary including Little Village residents and their experience living next to Cook County Jail. With her project, ''Unblinking Eyes, Watching'', Gaspar printed images of the jail and plastered them on the wall of the [[Chicago Cultural Center]]. With her work ''Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall'', Gaspar collaborated with incarcerated individuals in the corrective facility to invite the public within the jail walls. This project used the voices of those affected by incarceration to create discussions around the systems of power within incarceration as well as the influence of geography.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RADIOACTIVE |url=https://creative-capital.org/projects/radioactive/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Creative Capital |language=en}}</ref> This project took what was overlooked and made it visible to others. Gaspar's work about Cook County Jail forced the viewer to consider the presence of the site and its connection and power it had to residents.
Gaspar is an Assistant Professor of Contemporary Practices at [[School of the Art Institute of Chicago]].

⚫
Gaspar is the founder and director of The 96 Acres Project.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://docubase.mit.edu/project/96-acres-project/|title=96 Acres Project|work=MIT – Docubase|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-us}}</ref> The project has received numerous awards including a 2015 [[Creative Capital]] Award<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.creative-capital.org/projects/view/825|title=Creative Capital – Investing in Artists who Shape the Future|website=www.creative-capital.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref> and a 2016 [[Robert Rauschenberg]] Artist as Activist Fellowship.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rauschenbergfoundation.org/grants/artist-as-activist-fellows/maria-gaspar|title=Maria Gaspar|date=2016-06-01|work=Robert Rauschenberg Foundation|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en}}</ref>


== Notable works ==
== Notable works ==
Gaspar's most profound pieces focus on community collaboration. Gaspar continually emphasizes the power of place in her work.


''The 96 Acres Project'' is one of Gaspar's most ambitious projects, created between 2012-2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=96 Acres Project |url=https://docubase.mit.edu/project/96-acres-project/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=MIT - Docubase |language=en-US}}</ref> This multi-year, multimedia work produced eight site-responsive public actions, collaborating with youth, teachers, activists, officials, and incarcerated individuals of Cook County Jail.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Smarthistory – Maria Gaspar, 96 Acres Project |url=https://smarthistory.org/maria-gaspar-96-acres-project/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=smarthistory.org}}</ref> Gaspar had to facilitate these collaborations, negotiate for and with these individuals and advocate for them. The focus of this project was for the community to understand and consider incarceration, how it disproportionately impacts people of color, and the influence of prisons in impoverished neighbourhoods.
⚫
* Sounds for Liberation<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2017/10/16/what-does-liberation-feel-like-laughter/|title=What does liberation feel like? Laughter|last=am|first=Brianna Wu 1:03|last2=Oct 16|website=yaledailynews.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-05|last3=2017}}</ref>

⚫
* The 96 Acres Project (2012–Present), which examines the impact of incarceration through artistic interventions at the Cook County Jail located in her native community in Chicago.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-ae-chicagoan-art-20141225-column.html|title=Chicagoan of the Year in Arts: Maria Gaspar|last=Waxman|first=Lori|work=chicagotribune.com|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hyperallergic.com/293443/what-role-can-artists-play-in-prison-reform/|title=What Role Can Artists Play in Prison Reform?|date=2016-04-28|website=Hyperallergic|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref>
In ''Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall'', Gaspar collaborated with incarcerated individuals. Created from 2016-2018, Gaspar led workshops within Cook County Jail to produce audio art with incarcerated individuals.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Witt |first=Bree |title=Maria Gaspar's Power of Place {{!}} School of the Art Institute of Chicago |url=https://www.saic.edu/news/maria-gaspars-power-place1 |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.saic.edu |language=en}}</ref> The final piece of the project was broadcast on the outside walls of the jail, showing the public the inner lives of the incarcerated. The goal of this project was to represent those who had been historically marginalized, pulling apart pre-conceived notions of those inside prisons.
⚫
* Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://art.newcity.com/2016/04/19/an-experiment-in-reimagining-freedom-in-profile-maria-gaspar/|title=An Experiment in Reimagining Freedom: A Profile of Maria Gaspar|date=2016-04-19|work=Newcity Art|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref>

Gaspar's most recent project, ''Compositions,'' created in 2023, utilized Cook County Jail in a new manner. Gaspar used debris salvaged from the demolition of a wing of Cook County Jail to create this exhibition, showing how these items that built the jail represent unfreedom.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maria Gaspar's 'Compositions' Exhibitions |url=https://www.latinxproject.nyu.edu/intervenxions/maria-gaspar-compositions |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Latinx Project at NYU |language=en-US}}</ref> This project questions the role, consequences and permanence of prisons, representing abolotionist goals. This project uses multimedia production, from sculptures to audios to show themes of abolition, transformation and renewal.

== Career ==
⚫
Gaspar's body of work has received numerous awards including a 2022 [https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/maria-gaspar/ John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship], a 2015 [[Creative Capital]] Award,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.creative-capital.org/projects/view/825|title=Creative Capital – Investing in Artists who Shape the Future|website=www.creative-capital.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref> and a 2016 [[Robert Rauschenberg]] Artist as Activist Fellowship,<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rauschenbergfoundation.org/grants/artist-as-activist-fellows/maria-gaspar|title=Maria Gaspar|date=2016-06-01|work=Robert Rauschenberg Foundation|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en}}</ref> amongst many others. Gaspar is an Associate Professor of Contemporary Practices at [[School of the Art Institute of Chicago]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bio |url=https://mariagaspar.com/bio |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref> Gaspar has served on the MacArthur Foundation’s Chicago Commitment Team, the Art for Justice Fund’s Advisory Council and is currently a member of Chicago’s Advisory Committee for the Memorials and Monuments Assessment Project.

== Selected solo exhibitions ==
* ''Compositions'' (solo), 2023, Institute of the Arts and Sciences, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-14 |title=Maria Gaspar: Compositions |url=https://ias.ucsc.edu/exhibits/visualizing-abolition/maria-gaspar-compositions/ |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Institute of the Arts and Sciences |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Force of Things'' (solo), 2023, El Museo Del Barrio, New York, NY<ref>{{Cite web |title=Force of Things: In Conversation with artist Maria Gaspar and Live Performance by James Gordon Williams |url=https://www.elmuseo.org/event/in-conversation-with-artist-maria-gaspar/ |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=El Museo del Barrio |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter'' (solo), 2016, National Museum of Mexican Art, Chicago, IL<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Museum of Mexican Art, Pilsen, Chicago |url=https://nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org/events/brown-brilliance-darkness-matter |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=National Museum of Mexican Art, Pilsen, Chicago |language=en}}</ref>
* ''On the Border of What Is Formless and Monstrous'', 2016, Experimental Sound Studio, Chicago, IL<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-26 |title=Maria Gaspar: 'On the Border of What is Formless & Monstrous' |url=https://ess.org/esscalendar/2016/8/26/maria-gaspar-on-the-border-of-what-is-formless-monstrous |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Experimental Sound Studio |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Into Body Into Wall'', 2015, Jane Addams Hull House Museum, Chicago, IL<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maria Gaspar, Into Body Into Wall |url=https://www.hullhousemuseum.org/intobody |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Jane Addams Hull-House Museum |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Gaspar/Hall'', 2013, The Franklin, Chicago, IL<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archives {{!}} Bad at Sports |url=https://badatsports.com/2013/02/ |access-date=2024-08-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''All That Also Means To See'' (solo), 2011, Woman Made Gallery, Chicago, IL<ref>{{Cite web |title=News from Woman Made Gallery - absolutearts.com |url=https://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2011/09/07/artspublish/2348913146.html |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=www.absolutearts.com}}</ref>
* ''Maria Gaspar/Helene Maureen Cooper: New Work'', 2010, Dominican University, River Forest, IL
* ''Oblation for A Parade'' (solo), 2009, UBS 12 x 12 New Artists/New Work, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaspar |first=Maria |date=October 3, 2009 |title=Maria Gaspar |url=https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2009/Maria-Gaspar |access-date=August 16, 2024 |website=MCA Chicago}}</ref>
== Notable works ==
* ''At the Same Time, One and Many'' (2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=At the Same Time, One and Many |url=https://mariagaspar.com/at-the-same-time-one-and-many |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Unblinking Eyes, Awaiting'' (2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Unblinking Eyes, Awaiting |url=https://mariagaspar.com/unblinking-eyes-awaiting |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Clamour'' (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clamour |url=https://mariagaspar.com/clamour |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Soy Paz, Soy Más (2020'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soy Paz, Soy Más |url=https://mariagaspar.com/soy-paz-soy-mas |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Feedback'' (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Feedback |url=https://mariagaspar.com/feedback |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Unblinking Eyes, Watching'' (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamin |first=Blair |title=New Chicago Architecture Biennial opens and wants to upset the way you see the city. That's why you should see it. |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/columns/blair-kamin/ct-biz-chicago-architecture-biennial-review-kamin-20190919-oqltpfxt3zeyfiptmr5rdrsyea-story.html |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=chicagotribune.com}}</ref>
⚫
* ''Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter'' (2016)<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-04-19 |title=An Experiment in Reimagining Freedom: A Profile of Maria Gaspar |url=https://art.newcity.com/2016/04/19/an-experiment-in-reimagining-freedom-in-profile-maria-gaspar/ |access-date=2018-11-19 |work=Newcity Art |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Haunting Raises Specters (by A.G.)'' (2015)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Haunting Raises Specters |url=https://mariagaspar.com/haunting-raises-specters |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Maria Gaspar |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''City As Site'' (2010)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anania |first=Billy |date=2022-04-18 |title=Sustainability as a Form of Resistance in Art |url=http://hyperallergic.com/721096/sustainability-as-a-form-of-resistance-nyu-latinx-project/ |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=Hyperallergic |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall (2016-2018)'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Ben |date=2019-12-30 |title=The 100 Works of Art That Defined the Decade, Ranked: Part 2 |url=https://news.artnet.com/opinion/100-works-that-defined-the-decade-part-2-1738773 |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref>
⚫
* ''Sounds for Liberation''<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2017/10/16/what-does-liberation-feel-like-laughter/|title=What does liberation feel like? Laughter|first=Brianna|last=Wu|website=yaledailynews.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-05|date=16 October 2017}}</ref>
* ''Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible (2013'')<ref>{{Citation |title=Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible by Maria Gaspar (2013) |url=https://soundcloud.com/ometsol-me-com/cook-county-jail-the-visible-and-invisible-by-maria-gaspar-2013 |access-date=2024-10-20 |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
* ''The 96 Acres Project'' (2012–2016)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-ae-chicagoan-art-20141225-column.html|title=Chicagoan of the Year in Arts: Maria Gaspar|last=Waxman|first=Lori|work=chicagotribune.com|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hyperallergic.com/293443/what-role-can-artists-play-in-prison-reform/|title=What Role Can Artists Play in Prison Reform?|date=2016-04-28|website=Hyperallergic|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-05}}</ref>
* On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artforum.com/interviews/maria-gaspar-discusses-her-collaborative-work-with-incarcerated-communities-76597|title=Maria Gaspar|website=www.artforum.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
* On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artforum.com/interviews/maria-gaspar-discusses-her-collaborative-work-with-incarcerated-communities-76597|title=Maria Gaspar|website=www.artforum.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>


== Awards ==
== Awards ==
* 2022 Latinx Artist Fellowship<ref>{{Cite web |title=Latinx Artist Fellowship |url=https://mellon.org/programs/arts-and-culture/latinx-artist-fellowship/ |access-date=2022-05-23 |website=Mellon Foundation |language=en}}</ref>
* 2022 Guggenheim Fellowship<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greenberger |first=Alex |date=2022-04-08 |title=Guggenheim Fellowships Go to Filmmaker Ja'Tovia Gary, Artist Maria Gaspar and More |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/guggenheim-fellowships-2022-artists-1234624584/ |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=ARTnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2021 United States Artists Fellowship<ref>{{Cite web |title=United States Artists Announces 2021 USA Fellows |url=https://www.artforum.com/news/united-states-artists-announces-2021-usa-fellows-84962 |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=www.artforum.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2020 Frieze Impact Prize<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-09 |title=Frieze Impact Prize In Partnership with Art for Justice |url=https://www.frieze.com/article/frieze-impact-prize-partnership-art-justice |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=Frieze |language=en}}</ref>
* 2020 Art Matters Grant<ref>{{Cite web |title=Art Matters Announces 2020 Grant Recipients |url=https://www.artforum.com/news/art-matters-announces-2020-grant-recipients-84190 |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=www.artforum.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2018 Imagining Justice Art Grant<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://artforjusticefund.org/2018-spring-grant-recipients-announced/|title=2018 Spring Grant Recipients Announced – Art for Justice|date=2018-06-29|work=Art for Justice|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2018 Imagining Justice Art Grant<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://artforjusticefund.org/2018-spring-grant-recipients-announced/|title=2018 Spring Grant Recipients Announced – Art for Justice|date=2018-06-29|work=Art for Justice|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2017 Art Matters Grant<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://artmattersfoundation.org/grantees/a0M0Z00000H0zarUAB|title=Art Matters Foundation|website=Art Matters Foundation|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
* 2017 Art Matters Grant<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://artmattersfoundation.org/grantees/a0M0Z00000H0zarUAB|title=Art Matters Foundation|website=Art Matters Foundation|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
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* 2016 Robert Rauschenberg Artist as Activist Fellowship<ref name=":1" />
* 2016 Robert Rauschenberg Artist as Activist Fellowship<ref name=":1" />
* 2015 Creative Capital Award<ref name=":0" />
* 2015 Creative Capital Award<ref name=":0" />
* 2015 Joan Mitchell Emerging Artist Grant<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://joanmitchellfoundation.org/artist-programs/artist-grants/emerging/2015/maria-gaspar|title=Artist Programs » Artist Grants|last=Foundation|first=Joan Mitchell|website=joanmitchellfoundation.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
* 2015 Joan Mitchell Emerging Artist Grant<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://joanmitchellfoundation.org/artist-programs/artist-grants/emerging/2015/maria-gaspar|title=Artist Programs » Artist Grants|website=joanmitchellfoundation.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
* Chicagoan of the Year in the Arts in 2014 by art critic and historian, Lori Waxman<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-chicagoans-of-the-year-2014-20141223-storygallery.html|title=2014 Chicagoans of the Year|last=Tribune|first=Chicago|work=chicagotribune.com|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Chicagoan of the Year in the Arts in 2014 by art critic and historian, Lori Waxman<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-chicagoans-of-the-year-2014-20141223-storygallery.html|title=2014 Chicagoans of the Year|work=chicagotribune.com|access-date=2018-11-19|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2008 Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award in Art and Activism from the National Museum of Mexican Art<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org/content/sor-juana-women-legacy|title=Sor Juana Women of Legacy {{!}} National Museum of Mexican Art|website=nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>
* 2008 Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award in Art and Activism from the National Museum of Mexican Art<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org/content/sor-juana-women-legacy|title=Sor Juana Women of Legacy {{!}} National Museum of Mexican Art|website=nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-19}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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{{Reflist}}


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Latest revision as of 21:08, 5 November 2024

Maria Gaspar
Born1980 (age 44–45)
Chicago, Illinois
NationalityAmerican
EducationBFA Pratt Institute, MFA University of Illinois at Chicago
Known forInstallation art, Sculpture, Performance art, Social Practice
Notable workRadioactive: Stores from Beyond the Wall, Unblinking Eyes, Watching, Sounds for Liberation, 96 Acres Project, Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter, On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous
AwardsLatinx Artist Fellowship; Guggenheim Fellowship in the Creative Arts; United States Artists Fellowship; Art Matters Award; Robert Rauschenberg Artist As Activist Fellowship; Creative Capital Award; Joan Mitchell Emerging Artist Grant; National Endowment for the Arts; Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award, National Museum of Mexican Art

Maria Gaspar (born 1980)[1] is an American interdisciplinary artist and educator.[2]

Her works have been exhibited at venues including the MoMA PS1[3] in New York, Pérez Art Museum Miami,[4] Florida, Museum of Contemporary Art located in Chicago,[5] Artspace in New Haven, CT,[6] African American Museum, Philadelphia, PA, University of California, Santa Cruz, and many others. Gaspar's work has been written about in the New York Times Magazine,[7] Artforum, The Chicago Tribune, Hyperallergic, and many other publications.

Early life and education

[edit]

Gaspar was born in Little Village, a neighbourhood on the West Side of Chicago in 1980. The Little Village neighbourhood is home to one of the largest Mexican American communities in the United States.[8] She is first-generation to parents who migrated from Mexico to Chicago's West Side in the 1960's. Her mother was a teacher’s aide and professional clown and later went on to be a community-radio DJ in Little Village at a station called WCYC that was part of the Boys & Girls Club.[9] Gaspar has stated in numerous interviews that her mother's work has deeply influenced her art. She attended Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, which had a strong art department, and started her public art career painting community murals.[9] Gaspar travelled the city of Chicago to work with local muralists, observing different neighbourhoods and communities. She received a BFA from Pratt Institute in 2002 and in 2009 she received an MFA from the University of Illinois at Chicago.[10]

Cook County Jail

[edit]

Cook County Jail is located in South Lawndale, Chicago, Illinois and is known to be the third-largest jail system in the United States. Little Village, the neighbourhood which Gaspar grew up in, was primarily taken up by the corrections facility. Gaspar's work was heavily influenced by the jail and how it disproportionately affected Black and Brown families.[11] The first piece Gaspar completed connected to the jail was Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible. Gaspar created an audio documentary including Little Village residents and their experience living next to Cook County Jail. With her project, Unblinking Eyes, Watching, Gaspar printed images of the jail and plastered them on the wall of the Chicago Cultural Center. With her work Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall, Gaspar collaborated with incarcerated individuals in the corrective facility to invite the public within the jail walls. This project used the voices of those affected by incarceration to create discussions around the systems of power within incarceration as well as the influence of geography.[12] This project took what was overlooked and made it visible to others. Gaspar's work about Cook County Jail forced the viewer to consider the presence of the site and its connection and power it had to residents.

Notable works

[edit]

Gaspar's most profound pieces focus on community collaboration. Gaspar continually emphasizes the power of place in her work.

The 96 Acres Project is one of Gaspar's most ambitious projects, created between 2012-2016.[13] This multi-year, multimedia work produced eight site-responsive public actions, collaborating with youth, teachers, activists, officials, and incarcerated individuals of Cook County Jail.[14] Gaspar had to facilitate these collaborations, negotiate for and with these individuals and advocate for them. The focus of this project was for the community to understand and consider incarceration, how it disproportionately impacts people of color, and the influence of prisons in impoverished neighbourhoods.

In Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall, Gaspar collaborated with incarcerated individuals. Created from 2016-2018, Gaspar led workshops within Cook County Jail to produce audio art with incarcerated individuals.[15] The final piece of the project was broadcast on the outside walls of the jail, showing the public the inner lives of the incarcerated. The goal of this project was to represent those who had been historically marginalized, pulling apart pre-conceived notions of those inside prisons.

Gaspar's most recent project, Compositions, created in 2023, utilized Cook County Jail in a new manner. Gaspar used debris salvaged from the demolition of a wing of Cook County Jail to create this exhibition, showing how these items that built the jail represent unfreedom.[16] This project questions the role, consequences and permanence of prisons, representing abolotionist goals. This project uses multimedia production, from sculptures to audios to show themes of abolition, transformation and renewal.

Career

[edit]

Gaspar's body of work has received numerous awards including a 2022 John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship, a 2015 Creative Capital Award,[17] and a 2016 Robert Rauschenberg Artist as Activist Fellowship,[18] amongst many others. Gaspar is an Associate Professor of Contemporary Practices at School of the Art Institute of Chicago.[19] Gaspar has served on the MacArthur Foundation’s Chicago Commitment Team, the Art for Justice Fund’s Advisory Council and is currently a member of Chicago’s Advisory Committee for the Memorials and Monuments Assessment Project.

Selected solo exhibitions

[edit]
  • Compositions (solo), 2023, Institute of the Arts and Sciences, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA[20]
  • Force of Things (solo), 2023, El Museo Del Barrio, New York, NY[21]
  • Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter (solo), 2016, National Museum of Mexican Art, Chicago, IL[22]
  • On the Border of What Is Formless and Monstrous, 2016, Experimental Sound Studio, Chicago, IL[23]
  • Into Body Into Wall, 2015, Jane Addams Hull House Museum, Chicago, IL[24]
  • Gaspar/Hall, 2013, The Franklin, Chicago, IL[25]
  • All That Also Means To See (solo), 2011, Woman Made Gallery, Chicago, IL[26]
  • Maria Gaspar/Helene Maureen Cooper: New Work, 2010, Dominican University, River Forest, IL
  • Oblation for A Parade (solo), 2009, UBS 12 x 12 New Artists/New Work, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago[27]

Notable works

[edit]
  • At the Same Time, One and Many (2023)[28]
  • Unblinking Eyes, Awaiting (2023)[29]
  • Clamour (2022)[30]
  • Soy Paz, Soy Más (2020)[31]
  • Feedback (2019)[32]
  • Unblinking Eyes, Watching (2019)[33]
  • Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter (2016)[34]
  • Haunting Raises Specters (by A.G.) (2015)[35]
  • City As Site (2010)[36]
  • Radioactive: Stories from Beyond the Wall (2016-2018) [37]
  • Sounds for Liberation[6]
  • Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible (2013)[38]
  • The 96 Acres Project (2012–2016)[39][40]
  • On the Border of What is Formless and Monstrous[41]

Awards

[edit]
  • 2022 Latinx Artist Fellowship[42]
  • 2022 Guggenheim Fellowship[43]
  • 2021 United States Artists Fellowship[44]
  • 2020 Frieze Impact Prize[45]
  • 2020 Art Matters Grant[46]
  • 2018 Imagining Justice Art Grant[47]
  • 2017 Art Matters Grant[48]
  • 2017 Chamberlain Award for Social Practice at the Headlands Center for the Arts[49]
  • 2016 Robert Rauschenberg Artist as Activist Fellowship[18]
  • 2015 Creative Capital Award[17]
  • 2015 Joan Mitchell Emerging Artist Grant[50]
  • Chicagoan of the Year in the Arts in 2014 by art critic and historian, Lori Waxman[51]
  • 2008 Sor Juana Women of Achievement Award in Art and Activism from the National Museum of Mexican Art[52]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Brown Brilliance Darkness Matter | National Museum of Mexican Art". nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  2. ^ "Bio". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  3. ^ Cotter, Holland (2020-09-24). "Making Art When 'Lockdown' Means Prison". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  4. ^ "Xican-a.o.x. Body • Pérez Art Museum Miami". Pérez Art Museum Miami. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  5. ^ "UBS 12 x 12: New Artists/New Work: Maria Gaspar". MCA. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
  6. ^ a b Wu, Brianna (16 October 2017). "What does liberation feel like? Laughter". yaledailynews.com. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  7. ^ Bradley, Adam (2022-08-11). "The Artists Taking on Mass Incarceration". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  8. ^ "Little Village - United Way of Metro Chicago Neighborhood Network". United Way of Metro Chicago. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  9. ^ a b "Maria Gaspar". People Issue. 2016-12-07. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  10. ^ "mgaspa". School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  11. ^ "Maria Gaspar's Power of Place | School of the Art Institute of Chicago". www.saic.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  12. ^ "RADIOACTIVE". Creative Capital. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  13. ^ "96 Acres Project". MIT - Docubase. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  14. ^ "Smarthistory – Maria Gaspar, 96 Acres Project". smarthistory.org. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  15. ^ Witt, Bree. "Maria Gaspar's Power of Place | School of the Art Institute of Chicago". www.saic.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  16. ^ "Maria Gaspar's 'Compositions' Exhibitions". The Latinx Project at NYU. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  17. ^ a b "Creative Capital – Investing in Artists who Shape the Future". www.creative-capital.org. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  18. ^ a b "Maria Gaspar". Robert Rauschenberg Foundation. 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  19. ^ "Bio". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  20. ^ "Maria Gaspar: Compositions". Institute of the Arts and Sciences. 2024-08-14. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  21. ^ "Force of Things: In Conversation with artist Maria Gaspar and Live Performance by James Gordon Williams". El Museo del Barrio. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  22. ^ "National Museum of Mexican Art, Pilsen, Chicago". National Museum of Mexican Art, Pilsen, Chicago. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  23. ^ "Maria Gaspar: 'On the Border of What is Formless & Monstrous'". Experimental Sound Studio. 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  24. ^ "Maria Gaspar, Into Body Into Wall". Jane Addams Hull-House Museum. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  25. ^ "Archives | Bad at Sports". Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  26. ^ "News from Woman Made Gallery - absolutearts.com". www.absolutearts.com. Retrieved 2024-08-16.
  27. ^ Gaspar, Maria (October 3, 2009). "Maria Gaspar". MCA Chicago. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  28. ^ "At the Same Time, One and Many". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  29. ^ "Unblinking Eyes, Awaiting". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  30. ^ "Clamour". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  31. ^ "Soy Paz, Soy Más". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
  32. ^ "Feedback". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  33. ^ Kamin, Blair. "New Chicago Architecture Biennial opens and wants to upset the way you see the city. That's why you should see it". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  34. ^ "An Experiment in Reimagining Freedom: A Profile of Maria Gaspar". Newcity Art. 2016-04-19. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  35. ^ "Haunting Raises Specters". Maria Gaspar. Retrieved 2024-07-16.
  36. ^ Anania, Billy (2022-04-18). "Sustainability as a Form of Resistance in Art". Hyperallergic. Retrieved 2022-04-19.
  37. ^ Davis, Ben (2019-12-30). "The 100 Works of Art That Defined the Decade, Ranked: Part 2". Artnet News. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  38. ^ Cook County Jail: The Visible and Invisible by Maria Gaspar (2013), retrieved 2024-10-20
  39. ^ Waxman, Lori. "Chicagoan of the Year in Arts: Maria Gaspar". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  40. ^ "What Role Can Artists Play in Prison Reform?". Hyperallergic. 2016-04-28. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  41. ^ "Maria Gaspar". www.artforum.com. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  42. ^ "Latinx Artist Fellowship". Mellon Foundation. Retrieved 2022-05-23.
  43. ^ Greenberger, Alex (2022-04-08). "Guggenheim Fellowships Go to Filmmaker Ja'Tovia Gary, Artist Maria Gaspar and More". ARTnews.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  44. ^ "United States Artists Announces 2021 USA Fellows". www.artforum.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  45. ^ "Frieze Impact Prize In Partnership with Art for Justice". Frieze. 2020-06-09. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  46. ^ "Art Matters Announces 2020 Grant Recipients". www.artforum.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  47. ^ "2018 Spring Grant Recipients Announced – Art for Justice". Art for Justice. 2018-06-29. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  48. ^ "Art Matters Foundation". Art Matters Foundation. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  49. ^ "2017 Artist in Residence awardees – Announcements – Art & Education". www.artandeducation.net. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  50. ^ "Artist Programs » Artist Grants". joanmitchellfoundation.org. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  51. ^ "2014 Chicagoans of the Year". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  52. ^ "Sor Juana Women of Legacy | National Museum of Mexican Art". nationalmuseumofmexicanart.org. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
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