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Thanasis Vagias (Greek: Θανάσης Βάγιας; Albanian: Thanas Vaja; 1765–1834) was a Greek counselor and confidant of Ali Pasha, the Muslim Albanian ruler of Ottoman Epirus.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Biography

Thanasis Vagias was born in Lekël, Tepelenë.^[4] He was the older brother of Loukas Vagias.^[2]^[3] His name had become notorious because, under Ali's service, he led an attack against the village of Kardhiq, near Gjirokaster, modern southern Albania. As a result of this operation, hundreds of men, women and children were killed.^[5] When the Greek War of Independence ended, Vagias moved to the newly founded Greek state and was given a government post and later acquired a pension, by the head of state of Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias.^[1]

As a native of Epirus, Vagias proposed to Kapodistrias that Epirus should become part of Greece, but his plan was not accepted due to the difficult conditions the Greek revolution faced that time.^[6]

Legacy

According to various authors, Vagias was wrongly regarded as a traitor of the Greek cause by various historians and authors of that period, like Ioannis Makrygiannis, Aristotelis Valaoritis, and Alexandre Dumas, père.^[1]^[7]^[8] Valaoritis's masterpiece was titled Thanasis Vagias after him. In this work, Vagias is presented as a traitor, who after his death returns to his home place as a vampire.^[8] Additionally, one of the main characters of the Greek traditional shadow theatre, Karagiozis, is named Thanasis Vagias, who is a servant of Ali Pasha and is portrayed as a cowardly warrior.^[9]

References

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c Woodhouse, Lidderdale & Makriyannis 1966: "VAYIAS, Thanasis, 1765-1834, Epirot Greek, a confidant of Ali Pasha, wrongly thought by Makriyannis to be a betrayer of the Greek cause. Returned to Greece 1829 and given Government post by Capodistrias."
^ ^a ^b Henry Holland M.D. F.R.S., Travels in the Ionian Isles, Albania, Thessaly, Macedonia, Etc. During the Years 1812 and 1813, London 1816, p. 256.
^ ^a ^b Κουρμαντζή-Παναγιωτάκου, Ελένη (2007). Η νεοελληνική αναγέννηση στα Γιάννενα από τον πάροικο έμπορο Αθ. Ψαλίδα και τον Ιω. Βηλαρά (17ος - αρχές 19ου αιώνα) (in Greek). Athens: Gutenberg. p. 164. ISBN 978-960-01-1133-0.
^ Murray 1845, p. 251.
^ Santas 1976, p. 67: "Thanasis Vayias, a man who allegedly led the hordes of Ali Pasha against a village of Epirus, Gardiki, resulting in the massacre of seven hundred men, women, and children."
^ Skoulidas, Ilias (2001). "The Relations Between the Greeks and the Albanians during the 19th Century: Political Aspirations and Visions (1875 - 1897)". www.didaktorika.gr (in Greek). University of Ioannina: 27. doi:10.12681/eadd/12856. hdl:10442/hedi/12856. ... του ηπειρώτη Θανάση Βάγια ...να απελευθερώσει την Ήπειρο με τη συγκατάθεση (που δεν απέσπασε) του Καποδίστρια και τη μετάπειση των πρέσβεων των Ξένων Δυνάμεων (1827-32), κυρίως τον επηρεασμό του Ρώσου αντιπροσώπου. Οι συνθήκες δεν επέτρεψαν να καρποφορήσει αυτή η προσπάθεια.
^ Dumas 2008, Chapter V, p. 36: "Fear was nearly taking the place of mercy, words of pardon were on his lips, when a certain Athanasius Vaya [Vagias], a Greek schismatic, and a favourite of the pacha's, whose illegitimate son he was supposed to be, advanced at the head of the scum of the army, and offered to carry out the death sentence."
^ ^a ^b Pallis 1964, The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece, p. 67.
^ Myrsiades 1988, pp. 66, 210.

Sources

Dumas, Alexandre (2008). Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes. Teddington, Middlesex: Echo Library. ISBN 978-1-4068-7013-8. (Project Gutenberg EBook of Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes)
Murray, John (1845). A Hand-book for Travellers in the Ionian Islands, Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor, and Constantinople. London, United Kingdom: J. Murray.
Myrsiades, Linda S. (1988). The Karagiozis Heroic Performance in Greek Shadow Theater. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England. ISBN 0-87451-429-0.
Pallis, Alexander Anastasius (1964). Greek Miscellany. A Collection of Essays on Medieval and Modern Greece. Athens, Greece: Pallis. (Myriobiblos - The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece)
Santas, Constantine (1976). Aristotelis Valaoritis. Boston, Massachusetts: Twayne Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8057-6246-4.
Woodhouse, C. M.; Lidderdale, H. A.; Makriyannis, Ioannes (1966). The Memoirs of General Makriyannis, 1797-1864. New York, New York and London, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.

External links

Θανάσης Βάγιας (Greek) Thanasis Vagias, by A. Valaoritis.
Χρήστου Δάλλα, Ιστορικαί σελίδες at Εθνικόν Ημερολόγιον Σκόκου 1912, Vol. 27, 1912, p. 340 - 351. (Greek) A survey about Vagias ( includes a Vagias' letter to the notables of Delvinaki ), by C. Dallas.

[Woodhouse-1] Woodhouse, Lidderdale & Makriyannis 1966: "VAYIAS, Thanasis, 1765-1834, Epirot Greek, a confidant of Ali Pasha, wrongly thought by Makriyannis to be a betrayer of the Greek cause. Returned to Greece 1829 and given Government post by Capodistrias."

[:0-2] Henry Holland M.D. F.R.S., Travels in the Ionian Isles, Albania, Thessaly, Macedonia, Etc. During the Years 1812 and 1813, London 1816, p. 256.

[:1-3] Κουρμαντζή-Παναγιωτάκου, Ελένη (2007). Η νεοελληνική αναγέννηση στα Γιάννενα από τον πάροικο έμπορο Αθ. Ψαλίδα και τον Ιω. Βηλαρά (17ος - αρχές 19ου αιώνα) (in Greek). Athens: Gutenberg. p. 164. ISBN 978-960-01-1133-0.

[4] Murray 1845, p. 251.

[5] Santas 1976, p. 67: "Thanasis Vayias, a man who allegedly led the hordes of Ali Pasha against a village of Epirus, Gardiki, resulting in the massacre of seven hundred men, women, and children."

[6] Skoulidas, Ilias (2001). "The Relations Between the Greeks and the Albanians during the 19th Century: Political Aspirations and Visions (1875 - 1897)". www.didaktorika.gr (in Greek). University of Ioannina: 27. doi:10.12681/eadd/12856. hdl:10442/hedi/12856. ... του ηπειρώτη Θανάση Βάγια ...να απελευθερώσει την Ήπειρο με τη συγκατάθεση (που δεν απέσπασε) του Καποδίστρια και τη μετάπειση των πρέσβεων των Ξένων Δυνάμεων (1827-32), κυρίως τον επηρεασμό του Ρώσου αντιπροσώπου. Οι συνθήκες δεν επέτρεψαν να καρποφορήσει αυτή η προσπάθεια.

[7] Dumas 2008, Chapter V, p. 36: "Fear was nearly taking the place of mercy, words of pardon were on his lips, when a certain Athanasius Vaya [Vagias], a Greek schismatic, and a favourite of the pacha's, whose illegitimate son he was supposed to be, advanced at the head of the scum of the army, and offered to carry out the death sentence."

[Pallis-8] Pallis 1964, The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece, p. 67.

[9] Myrsiades 1988, pp. 66, 210.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Thanas Vajo''' also known as Thanasis Vagias (1765–1834) was an [[Orthodox]] [[Albanian]] counselor and confidant of [[Ali Pasha of Tepelena|Ali Pasha]], a [[Islam|Muslim]] [[Albanians|Albanian]] ruler of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Epirus]].<ref name=Woodhouse/><ref name=Woodhouse>{{harvnb|Woodhouse|Lidderdale|Makriyannis|1966}}: "VAYIAS, Thanasis, 1765-1834, Epirot Greek, a confidant of Ali Pasha, wrongly thought by Makriyannis to be a betrayer of the Greek cause. Returned to Greece 1829 and given Government post by Capodistrias."</ref>
+'''Thanasis Vagias''' ({{langx|el|Θανάσης Βάγιας}}; {{langx|sq|Thanas Vaja}}; 1765–1834) was a [[Greeks|Greek]] counselor and confidant of [[Ali Pasha of Tepelena|Ali Pasha]], the [[Islam|Muslim]] [[Albanians|Albanian]] ruler of [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Epirus]].<ref name=Woodhouse>{{harvnb|Woodhouse|Lidderdale|Makriyannis|1966}}: "VAYIAS, Thanasis, 1765-1834, Epirot Greek, a confidant of Ali Pasha, wrongly thought by Makriyannis to be a betrayer of the Greek cause. Returned to Greece 1829 and given Government post by Capodistrias."</ref><ref name=":0">[[Sir Henry Holland, 1st Baronet|Henry Holland M.D. F.R.S.]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=GHJcAAAAcAAJ&dq=henry+holland+travels&pg=PR1 Travels in the Ionian Isles, Albania, Thessaly, Macedonia, Etc. During the Years 1812 and 1813], London 1816, p. 256.</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Κουρμαντζή-Παναγιωτάκου|first=Ελένη|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qVs9QLhmMogC&q=%22%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B1+%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1+%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%C2%AB+%CE%B1%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82+%C2%BB+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%AE+%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AC+%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD+%CE%BF+%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85+,+%CE%BF+%CE%A3%CF%80%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B2%CF%8C%CF%82+,+%CE%BF+%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82+,+%CE%BF+%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%94%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82+,+%CE%BF%CE%B9+%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%82+%CE%92%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82%22|title=Η νεοελληνική αναγέννηση στα Γιάννενα από τον πάροικο έμπορο Αθ. Ψαλίδα και τον Ιω. Βηλαρά (17ος - αρχές 19ου αιώνα)|publisher=Gutenberg|year=2007|isbn=978-960-01-1133-0|location=Athens|pages=164|language=el}}</ref>
 ==Biography==
-Thanasis Vagias was born in [[Lekël]], [[Tepelenë]].<ref>{{harvnb|Murray|1845|p=251}}.</ref> His name had become notorious because, under Ali's service, he led an attack against the village of [[Kardhiq]], near [[Gjirokaster]], modern southern [[Albania]]. As a result of this operation, hundreds of men, women and children were killed.<ref>{{harvnb|Santas|1976|p=67}}: "Thanasis Vayias, a man who allegedly led the hordes of Ali Pasha against a village of Epirus, Gardiki, resulting in the massacre of seven hundred men, women, and children."</ref> It is thought that when the [[Greek War of Independence]] ended, Thanas Vaja moved to the newly founded [[Kingdom of Greece|Greek state]] and was given a government post and later acquired a pension, by the head of state of Greece, [[Ioannis Kapodistrias]] but this is nit entirely confirmed since he did not participate in this war.<ref name=Woodhouse/>
+Thanasis Vagias was born in [[Lekël]], [[Tepelenë]].<ref>{{harvnb|Murray|1845|p=251}}.</ref> He was the older brother of [[Loukas Vagias]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> His name had become notorious because, under Ali's service, he led an attack against the village of [[Kardhiq]], near [[Gjirokaster]], modern southern [[Albania]]. As a result of this operation, hundreds of men, women and children were killed.<ref>{{harvnb|Santas|1976|p=67}}: "Thanasis Vayias, a man who allegedly led the hordes of Ali Pasha against a village of Epirus, Gardiki, resulting in the massacre of seven hundred men, women, and children."</ref> When the [[Greek War of Independence]] ended, Vagias moved to the newly founded [[Kingdom of Greece|Greek state]] and was given a government post and later acquired a pension, by the head of state of Greece, [[Ioannis Kapodistrias]].<ref name=Woodhouse/>
-As a native of [[Epirus]], Vagias proposed to Kapodistrias that Epirus should become part of Greece, but his plan was not accepted due to the difficult conditions the Greek revolution faced that time.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Skoulidas|first1=Ilias|title=The Relations Between the Greeks and the Albanians during the 19th Century: Political Aspirations and Visions (1875 - 1897)|website=www.didaktorika.gr|date=2001|doi=10.12681/eadd/12856|publisher=[[University of Ioannina]]|language=Greek|page=27|hdl=10442/hedi/12856|quote=... του ηπειρώτη Θανάση Βάγια ...να απελευθερώσει την Ήπειρο με τη συγκατάθεση (που δεν απέσπασε) του Καποδίστρια και τη μετάπειση των πρέσβεων των Ξένων Δυνάμεων (1827-32), κυρίως τον επηρεασμό του Ρώσου αντιπροσώπου. Οι συνθήκες δεν επέτρεψαν να καρποφορήσει αυτή η προσπάθεια.}}</ref>
+As a native of [[Epirus]], Vagias proposed to Kapodistrias that Epirus should become part of Greece, but his plan was not accepted due to the difficult conditions the Greek revolution faced that time.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Skoulidas|first1=Ilias|title=The Relations Between the Greeks and the Albanians during the 19th Century: Political Aspirations and Visions (1875 - 1897)|website=www.didaktorika.gr|date=2001|doi=10.12681/eadd/12856|publisher=[[University of Ioannina]]|language=Greek|page=27|hdl=10442/hedi/12856|quote=... του ηπειρώτη Θανάση Βάγια ...να απελευθερώσει την Ήπειρο με τη συγκατάθεση (που δεν απέσπασε) του Καποδίστρια και τη μετάπειση των πρέσβεων των Ξένων Δυνάμεων (1827-32), κυρίως τον επηρεασμό του Ρώσου αντιπροσώπου. Οι συνθήκες δεν επέτρεψαν να καρποφορήσει αυτή η προσπάθεια.|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
 ==Legacy==
 According to various authors, Vagias was wrongly regarded as a [[treason|traitor]] of the Greek cause by various historians and authors of that period, like [[Ioannis Makrygiannis]], [[Aristotelis Valaoritis]], and [[Alexandre Dumas, père]].<ref name=Woodhouse/><ref>{{harvnb|Dumas|2008|loc=Chapter V, p. 36}}: "Fear was nearly taking the place of mercy, words of pardon were on his lips, when a certain Athanasius Vaya [Vagias], a Greek schismatic, and a favourite of the pacha's, whose illegitimate son he was supposed to be, advanced at the head of the scum of the army, and offered to carry out the death sentence."</ref><ref name=Pallis>{{harvnb|Pallis|1964|loc=The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece, p. 67}}.</ref> Valaoritis's masterpiece was titled ''Thanasis Vagias'' after him. In this work, Vagias is presented as a traitor, who after his death returns to his home place as a [[vampire]].<ref name=Pallis/> Additionally, one of the main characters of the Greek traditional [[shadow theatre]], [[Karagiozis]], is named Thanasis Vagias, who is a servant of Ali Pasha and is portrayed as a cowardly warrior.<ref>{{harvnb|Myrsiades|1988|pp=66, 210}}.</ref>
+== See also ==
+* [[Loukas Vagias]]
+* [[Greek War of Independence]]
+* [[Pashalik of Yanina]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 16: / Line 22: @@
 ===Sources===
 {{refbegin|2}}
-*{{cite book|last=Dumas|first=Alexandre|title=Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes|location=Teddington, Middlesex|publisher=Echo Library|year=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLYyMCH099sC|isbn=978-1-4068-7013-8|ref=harv}} ([https://archive.org/details/alipacha02753gut Project Gutenberg EBook of Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes])
+*{{cite book|last=Dumas|first=Alexandre|title=Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes|location=Teddington, Middlesex|publisher=Echo Library|year=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLYyMCH099sC|isbn=978-1-4068-7013-8}} ([https://archive.org/details/alipacha02753gut Project Gutenberg EBook of Ali Pacha: Celebrated Crimes])
-*{{cite book|last=Murray|first=John|title=A Hand-book for Travellers in the Ionian Islands, Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor, and Constantinople|location=London, United Kingdom|publisher=J. Murray|year=1845|url=https://archive.org/details/ahandbookfortra01murrgoog|ref=harv}}
+*{{cite book|last=Murray|first=John|title=A Hand-book for Travellers in the Ionian Islands, Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor, and Constantinople|location=London, United Kingdom|publisher=J. Murray|year=1845|url=https://archive.org/details/ahandbookfortra01murrgoog}}
-*{{cite book|last=Myrsiades|first=Linda S.|title=The Karagiozis Heroic Performance in Greek Shadow Theater|location=Hanover, New Hampshire|publisher=University Press of New England|year=1988|isbn=0-87451-429-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8lkAAAAMAAJ|ref=harv}}
+*{{cite book|last=Myrsiades|first=Linda S.|title=The Karagiozis Heroic Performance in Greek Shadow Theater|location=Hanover, New Hampshire|publisher=University Press of New England|year=1988|isbn=0-87451-429-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8lkAAAAMAAJ}}
-*{{cite book|last=Pallis|first=Alexander Anastasius|title=Greek Miscellany. A Collection of Essays on Medieval and Modern Greece|location=Athens, Greece|publisher=Pallis|year=1964|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c30JAQAAIAAJ|ref=harv}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20011129022000/http://www.myriobiblos.gr/texts/english/pallis_The_Ballad3.htm Myriobiblos - The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece])
+*{{cite book|last=Pallis|first=Alexander Anastasius|title=Greek Miscellany. A Collection of Essays on Medieval and Modern Greece|location=Athens, Greece|publisher=Pallis|year=1964|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c30JAQAAIAAJ}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20011129022000/http://www.myriobiblos.gr/texts/english/pallis_The_Ballad3.htm Myriobiblos - The Ballad-Poetry of Modern Greece])
-*{{cite book|last=Santas|first=Constantine|title=Aristotelis Valaoritis|location=Boston, Massachusetts|publisher=Twayne Publishers|year=1976|url=https://books.google.com/?id=6vA3AAAAIAAJ|isbn=978-0-8057-6246-4|ref=harv}}
+*{{cite book|last=Santas|first=Constantine|title=Aristotelis Valaoritis|location=Boston, Massachusetts|publisher=Twayne Publishers|year=1976|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vA3AAAAIAAJ|isbn=978-0-8057-6246-4}}
-*{{cite book|last1=Woodhouse|first1=C. M.|last2=Lidderdale|first2=H. A.|authorlink3=Yannis Makriyannis|last3=Makriyannis|first3=Ioannes|title=The Memoirs of General Makriyannis, 1797-1864|location=New York, New York and London, United Kingdom|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1966|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tycqAAAAYAAJ|ref=harv}}
+*{{cite book|last1=Woodhouse|first1=C. M.|last2=Lidderdale|first2=H. A.|authorlink3=Yannis Makriyannis|last3=Makriyannis|first3=Ioannes|title=The Memoirs of General Makriyannis, 1797-1864|location=New York, New York and London, United Kingdom|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1966|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tycqAAAAYAAJ}}
 {{refend|2}}
@@ Line 32: / Line 38: @@
 [[Category:1834 deaths]]
 [[Category:People from Tepelenë]]
-[[Category:Northern Epirotes]]
-[[Category:19th-century Greek people]]
 [[Category:Ali Pasha of Ioannina]]
+[[Category:18th-century Greek people]]
+[[Category:19th-century Greek military personnel]]
+[[Category:People from the Ottoman Empire]]