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{{Short description|Irish politician (1866–1943)}}
{{Use Irish English|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=August 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Walter L. Cole
| name = Walter L. Cole
Line 7: Line 8:
| caption = Cole (right) with [[Arthur Griffith]] (left)
| caption = Cole (right) with [[Arthur Griffith]] (left)
| office = [[Teachta Dála]]
| office = [[Teachta Dála]]
| term_start = 9 September 1922
| term_start = [[1922 Irish general election|June 1922]]
| term_end = 9 August 1923
| term_end = [[1923 Irish general election|August 1923]]
| constituency = [[Cavan (Dáil constituency)|Cavan]]
| constituency = [[Cavan (Dáil constituency)|Cavan]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1866|5|15|df=y}}
| spouse =
⚫
| birth_place = [[Liverpool]], England
| religion =
| death_date = {{death date and age|1943|4|26|1866|5|15|df=y}}
⚫
| death_place = [[Dublin]], Ireland
⚫
| party = {{Ubl|[[Sinn Féin]] (Pro-Treaty)|[[Cumann na nGaedheal]]}}
| residence = [[Mountjoy Square]], [[Dublin]]
| residence = [[Mountjoy Square]], [[Dublin]]
| spouse = {{Ubl|Anna Harrison (1894–1921)|Mary Redden (1928–1943)}}
| children =
| alma_mater =
| children = 5
| alma_mater = [[University of London]]
| birth_date =
| education = [[St Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool]]
⚫
| birth_place =
| death_date = 26 April 1943
⚫
| death_place =
⚫
| party = [[Sinn Féin]] (Pro-Treaty)<br/>[[Cumann na nGaedheal]]
}}
}}
⚫
'''Walter Leonard Cole''' (died April 26, 1943) was an Irish merchant and politician in the early twentieth century. Prior to the foundation of the [[Irish Free State]], he was an [[alderman]] for a period.<ref name="cole_arrest_1920">{{Cite news|title=Civilians arrested By Military in Dublin|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|date=18 September 1920|accessdate=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/wit/1920/0918/Pg003.html#Ar00306:69946C6C648270F3E072D3F675741F7754356D146C6EF4827373D27623E86F948A7284A36EB3D27293E86AE48A6F2}}</ref> An active [[Irish republicanism|republican]], he was a founding director of the [[Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company]]. He also led the [[Sinn Féin]] grouping in [[Dublin Corporation]] in the early 1900s.<ref name="kelly1">{{cite book|page=149|last=Kelly|first=M. J.|year=2006|title=The Fenian Ideal and Irish Nationalism, 1882-1916|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=9781843832041|url=https://books.google.com/?id=5uGXMALsfqsC&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=walter+cole+sinn+fein}}</ref>


⚫
'''Walter Leonard Cole''' (15 May 1866 – 26 April 1943) was an Irish merchant and politician in the early twentieth century. Prior to the foundation of the [[Irish Free State]], he was an [[alderman]] for a period.<ref name="cole_arrest_1920">{{Cite news|title=Civilians arrested By Military in Dublin|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|date=18 September 1920|access-date=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/wit/1920/0918/Pg003.html#Ar00306:69946C6C648270F3E072D3F675741F7754356D146C6EF4827373D27623E86F948A7284A36EB3D27293E86AE48A6F2}}</ref> An active [[Irish republicanism|republican]], he was a founding director of the [[Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company]]. He also led the [[Sinn Féin]] grouping in [[Dublin Corporation]] in the early 1900s.<ref name="kelly1">{{cite book|page=149|last=Kelly|first=M. J.|year=2006|title=The Fenian Ideal and Irish Nationalism, 1882-1916|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=9781843832041|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5uGXMALsfqsC&q=walter+cole+sinn+fein&pg=PA149}}</ref>
⚫
As a well-off supporter of the underground Irish republican movement in the early twentieth century, his house on [[Mountjoy Square]] seems to have been a regular meeting place for senior figures within that movement. The notes of Seamus Reader, an Irish Volunteer from Glasgow, record a meeting in January 1916 at Cole's house:{{blockquote|
⚫
Shortly after 5pm on the 2nd, January 1916, I went to Cole's house, Mountjoy Square, Dublin, where, while waiting in the kitchen for tea, I jotted my coded notes for my report to Scotland. I then went to the room where I met [[Tom Clarke (Irish republican)|Tom Clarke]], [[Seán Mac Diarmada|Sean McDermott]], [[James Connolly|J Connolly]], [[Patrick Pearse|P Pearse]] and [[Thomas MacDonagh|McDonagh]]<ref name="reader1">{{cite web|title=WS 1767 (Seamus Reader)|publisher=Bureau of Military History|page=3|url=http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS1767.pdf|accessdate=1 May 2016}}</ref>}}
⚫
all of whom were signatories to the [[Proclamation of the Irish Republic]] and all of whom were executed the following May, as leaders of the [[Easter Rising]].


==Personal life==
⚫
Cole is also documented as having hosted provisional [[Dáil Éireann|Dáil]] meetings at his home,<ref name="heagney1">{{cite book|last=Heagney|first=John|year=2006|chapter=3|title=The Georgian Squares of Dublin|publisher=Four Courts Press|url=http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/product.php?intProductID=268}}</ref><ref name="mccracken1">{{cite book|last=McCracken|title=Representative Government in Ireland: A Study of Dáil Éireann 1919-48|first=J. L.|year=1958|asin=B0006D7GSU|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=https://archive.org/details/representativego0000mccr|url-access=registration|quote=Dáil Éireann Mountjoy Square.}}</ref> the assembly having been driven underground in September 1919. He was arrested by the military at his home at No. 3 Mountjoy Square in 1920.<ref name="cole_arrest_1920"/>
Cole was born in Liverpool on 15 May 1866 to an Irish father, George Cole, a railway accountant, and an English mother, Arabella Hughes.<ref name=dib>{{cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/cole-walter-leonard-a1829|title=Cole, Walter Leonard|work=[[Dictionary of Irish Biography]]|last=Dempsey|first=Pauric J.|date=October 2009|access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> He was educated at the [[St Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool]] and the [[University of London]]. He married Anna Harrison in 1894, who had been born in the USA. The couple moved to Dublin and had three sons. Harrison died in 1921, and Cole married Mary Redden in 1928, with whom he had two daughters.<ref name=dib/>


==Politics==
⚫
After the [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] and the foundation of the Irish Free State, he was elected a pro-Treaty [[Sinn Féin]] [[Teachta Dála]] (TD) to the [[Members of the 3rd Dáil|3rd Dáil Éireann]] for [[Cavan (Dáil constituency)|Cavan constituency]] at the [[1922 Irish general election|1922 general election]].<ref name=oireachtas_db>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Walter-Leonard-Cole.D.1922-09-09/|title=Walter Cole|work=Oireachtas Members Database|accessdate=27 April 2009}}</ref> The "Pro-Treaty" prefix relates to his position in the [[Irish Civil War]]. It is perhaps surprising that a Dublin man won in Cavan. He and [[Seán Milroy]] stood alongside [[Arthur Griffith]] with one other opponent,<ref name="laffan1">{{cite book|last=Laffan|first=Michael|year=1999|chapter=3|title=The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916-1923|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521650731|page=401|url = https://books.google.com/?id=YyucGQD0oZYC&pg=PA401&lpg=PA401&dq=walter+cole+sinn+fein}}</ref> [[Patrick Baxter]] of the [[Farmers' Party (Ireland)|Farmers' Party]] and three seats available. Griffith received by far the largest popular vote (54%) with Baxter second (23%), Cole third (20%) and Milroy fourth (2%). As the Irish voting system uses [[proportional representation]], Cole and Milroy were elected on the back of Griffith's surplus votes who had achieved more than twice the required quota.<ref name="electionsireland_cavan1922">{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=1922&cons=36|title=3rd Dail - Cavan First Preference Votes|work=ElectionsIreland.org|accessdate=6 January 2009}}</ref> Cole stood again in Cavan as a [[Cumann na nGaedheal]] candidate at the following [[1923 Irish general election|1923 general election]]. Griffith died during the [[Irish Civil War|Civil War]] by that time and Baxter topped the poll, this time with Milroy second. Cole was eliminated on the sixth count, despite there being an extra fourth seat.<ref name=elecs_irl>{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=1110|title=Walter L. Cole|work=ElectionsIreland.org|accessdate=27 April 2009}}</ref>
⚫
As a well-off supporter of the underground Irish republican movement in the early twentieth century, his house on [[Mountjoy Square]] seems to have been a regular meeting place for senior figures within that movement. The notes of Seamus Reader, an Irish Volunteer from Glasgow, record a meeting on 2 January 1916 at Cole's house:{{blockquote|
⚫
Shortly after 5pm on the 2nd, January 1916, I went to Cole's house, Mountjoy Square, Dublin, where, while waiting in the kitchen for tea, I jotted my coded notes for my report to Scotland. I then went to the room where I met [[Tom Clarke (Irish republican)|Tom Clarke]], [[Seán Mac Diarmada|Sean McDermott]], [[James Connolly|J Connolly]], [[Patrick Pearse|P Pearse]] and [[Thomas MacDonagh|McDonagh]].<ref name="reader1">{{cite web|title=WS 1767 (Seamus Reader)|publisher=Bureau of Military History|page=3|url=http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS1767.pdf|access-date=1 May 2016}}</ref>}}
⚫
All of whom were signatories to the [[Proclamation of the Irish Republic]] and all of whom were executed the following May, as leaders of the [[Easter Rising]].


⚫
Cole is also documented as having hosted provisional [[Dáil Éireann|Dáil]] meetings at his home,<ref name="heagney1">{{cite book|last=Heagney|first=John|year=2006|chapter=3|title=The Georgian Squares of Dublin|publisher=Four Courts Press|url=http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/product.php?intProductID=268}}</ref><ref name="mccracken1">{{cite book|last=McCracken|title=Representative Government in Ireland: A Study of Dáil Éireann 1919-48|first=J. L.|year=1958|asin=B0006D7GSU|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=https://archive.org/details/representativego0000mccr|url-access=registration|quote=Dáil Éireann Mountjoy Square.}}</ref> the assembly having been driven underground in September 1919. He was arrested by the military at his home at No. 3 Mountjoy Square in 1920.<ref name="cole_arrest_1920"/>
⚫
Cole unsuccessfully ran for election to [[Seanad Éireann]] in 1925.<ref name="walter_cole_seanad_advert">

⚫
{{Cite news|title = Mr. Walter Leonard Cole, 3 Mountjoy Square|newspaper = [[The Irish Times]]|date=12 September 1925|accessdate=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1925/0912/Pg007.html#Ar00714:826CD2859CEE7B5CED7F7D0274BCED7A2D02
⚫
After the [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] and the foundation of the Irish Free State, he was elected a pro-Treaty [[Sinn Féin]] [[Teachta Dála]] (TD) to the [[Members of the 3rd Dáil|3rd Dáil Éireann]] for [[Cavan (Dáil constituency)|Cavan constituency]] at the [[1922 Irish general election|1922 general election]].<ref name=oireachtas_db>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Walter-Leonard-Cole.D.1922-09-09/|title=Walter Cole|work=Oireachtas Members Database|access-date=27 April 2009}}</ref> The "Pro-Treaty" prefix relates to his position in the [[Irish Civil War]]. He and [[Seán Milroy]] stood alongside [[Arthur Griffith]] with one other opponent,<ref name="laffan1">{{cite book|last=Laffan|first=Michael|year=1999|chapter=3|title=The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916-1923|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521650731|page=401|chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YyucGQD0oZYC&q=walter+cole+sinn+fein&pg=PA401}}</ref> [[Patrick Baxter (politician)|Patrick Baxter]] of the [[Farmers' Party (Ireland)|Farmers' Party]] and three seats available.<ref name="electionsireland_cavan1922">{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=1922&cons=36|title=3rd Dail - Cavan First Preference Votes|work=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=6 January 2009}}</ref> Cole stood again in Cavan as a [[Cumann na nGaedheal]] candidate at the following [[1923 Irish general election|1923 general election]] but was not elected.<ref name=elecs_irl>{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=1110|title=Walter L. Cole|work=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=27 April 2009}}</ref>
⚫
}}</ref> He was later a commissioner for Mountjoy Square.<ref name="mountjoy_square_for_the_public">{{Cite news|title=Mountjoy Square for the Public|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|date=8 March 1938|accessdate=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1938/0308/Pg009.html#Ar00903:8E0D1C91DD36927D1C94CD369A095B9B79889B4959A37985908AB5942ACF965BA599EBBF92FC4D968C678D1C7490CC8E8}}</ref>

⚫
Cole unsuccessfully ran for election to [[Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)|Seanad Éireann]] in 1925.<ref name="walter_cole_seanad_advert">
⚫
{{Cite news|title = Mr. Walter Leonard Cole, 3 Mountjoy Square|newspaper = [[The Irish Times]]|date=12 September 1925|access-date=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1925/0912/Pg007.html#Ar00714:826CD2859CEE7B5CED7F7D0274BCED7A2D02
⚫
}}</ref> He was later a commissioner for Mountjoy Square.<ref name="mountjoy_square_for_the_public">{{Cite news|title=Mountjoy Square for the Public|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|date=8 March 1938|access-date=6 September 2008|format=Fee required|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1938/0308/Pg009.html#Ar00903:8E0D1C91DD36927D1C94CD369A095B9B79889B4959A37985908AB5942ACF965BA599EBBF92FC4D968C678D1C7490CC8E8}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 40: Line 46:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.ucd.ie/archives/html/collections/cole-walter.html UCD Archives collection of Cole's papers]
*[http://www.ucd.ie/archives/html/collections/cole-walter.html UCD Archives collection of Cole's papers]

{{Cavan (Dáil constituency)/TDs}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cole, Walter L}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cole, Walter L}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:1866 births]]
[[Category:1943 deaths]]
[[Category:1943 deaths]]
[[Category:Early Sinn Féin TDs]]
[[Category:Early Sinn Féin TDs]]
[[Category:Cumann na nGaedheal politicians]]
[[Category:Cumann na nGaedheal candidates in Dáil elections]]
[[Category:Members of the 3rd Dáil]]
[[Category:Members of the 3rd Dáil]]
[[Category:People of the Irish Civil War (Pro-Treaty side)]]
[[Category:People of the Irish Civil War (Pro-Treaty side)]]

Latest revision as of 13:57, 4 October 2024

Walter L. Cole
Cole (right) with Arthur Griffith (left)
Teachta Dála
In office
June 1922 – August 1923
ConstituencyCavan
Personal details
Born(1866-05-15)15 May 1866
Liverpool, England
Died26 April 1943(1943-04-26) (aged 76)
Dublin, Ireland
NationalityIrish
Political party
Spouses
  • Anna Harrison (1894–1921)
  • Mary Redden (1928–1943)
Children5
Residence(s)Mountjoy Square, Dublin
EducationSt Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool
Alma materUniversity of London

Walter Leonard Cole (15 May 1866 – 26 April 1943) was an Irish merchant and politician in the early twentieth century. Prior to the foundation of the Irish Free State, he was an alderman for a period.[1] An active republican, he was a founding director of the Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company. He also led the Sinn Féin grouping in Dublin Corporation in the early 1900s.[2]

Personal life

[edit]

Cole was born in Liverpool on 15 May 1866 to an Irish father, George Cole, a railway accountant, and an English mother, Arabella Hughes.[3] He was educated at the St Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool and the University of London. He married Anna Harrison in 1894, who had been born in the USA. The couple moved to Dublin and had three sons. Harrison died in 1921, and Cole married Mary Redden in 1928, with whom he had two daughters.[3]

Politics

[edit]

As a well-off supporter of the underground Irish republican movement in the early twentieth century, his house on Mountjoy Square seems to have been a regular meeting place for senior figures within that movement. The notes of Seamus Reader, an Irish Volunteer from Glasgow, record a meeting on 2 January 1916 at Cole's house:

Shortly after 5pm on the 2nd, January 1916, I went to Cole's house, Mountjoy Square, Dublin, where, while waiting in the kitchen for tea, I jotted my coded notes for my report to Scotland. I then went to the room where I met Tom Clarke, Sean McDermott, J Connolly, P Pearse and McDonagh.[4]

All of whom were signatories to the Proclamation of the Irish Republic and all of whom were executed the following May, as leaders of the Easter Rising.

Cole is also documented as having hosted provisional Dáil meetings at his home,[5][6] the assembly having been driven underground in September 1919. He was arrested by the military at his home at No. 3 Mountjoy Square in 1920.[1]

After the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the foundation of the Irish Free State, he was elected a pro-Treaty Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) to the 3rd Dáil Éireann for Cavan constituency at the 1922 general election.[7] The "Pro-Treaty" prefix relates to his position in the Irish Civil War. He and Seán Milroy stood alongside Arthur Griffith with one other opponent,[8] Patrick Baxter of the Farmers' Party and three seats available.[9] Cole stood again in Cavan as a Cumann na nGaedheal candidate at the following 1923 general election but was not elected.[10]

Cole unsuccessfully ran for election to Seanad Éireann in 1925.[11] He was later a commissioner for Mountjoy Square.[12]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Civilians arrested By Military in Dublin" (Fee required). The Irish Times. 18 September 1920. Retrieved 6 September 2008.
  2. ^ Kelly, M. J. (2006). The Fenian Ideal and Irish Nationalism, 1882-1916. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 149. ISBN 9781843832041.
  3. ^ a b Dempsey, Pauric J. (October 2009). "Cole, Walter Leonard". Dictionary of Irish Biography. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  4. ^ "WS 1767 (Seamus Reader)" (PDF). Bureau of Military History. p. 3. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  5. ^ Heagney, John (2006). "3". The Georgian Squares of Dublin. Four Courts Press.
  6. ^ McCracken, J. L. (1958). Representative Government in Ireland: A Study of Dáil Éireann 1919-48. Oxford University Press. ASIN B0006D7GSU. Dáil Éireann Mountjoy Square.
  7. ^ "Walter Cole". Oireachtas Members Database. Retrieved 27 April 2009.
  8. ^ Laffan, Michael (1999). "3". The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916-1923. Cambridge University Press. p. 401. ISBN 9780521650731.
  9. ^ "3rd Dail - Cavan First Preference Votes". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
  10. ^ "Walter L. Cole". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 27 April 2009.
  11. ^ "Mr. Walter Leonard Cole, 3 Mountjoy Square" (Fee required). The Irish Times. 12 September 1925. Retrieved 6 September 2008.
  12. ^ "Mountjoy Square for the Public" (Fee required). The Irish Times. 8 March 1938. Retrieved 6 September 2008.
[edit]
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