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{{Infobox Top level domain
{{Short description|Internet country code top-level domain for Iran}}{{Infobox Top level domain
| name=.ir
| name=.ir
| background=#CCF
| image=[[Image:IRNIC Logo.png|IRNIC Logo]]
| image=[[Image:IRNIC Logo.png|IRNIC Logo]]
| introduced=1994
| introduced=6 April 1994
| type=[[Country code top-level domain]]
| type=[[Country code top-level domain]]
| status=Active
| status=Active
| registry=[[Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics|Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences]]
| registry=[[Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics|Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences]]
| sponsor=None
| sponsor=<!--none-->
| registereddomains = 1,636,568
⚫
| intendeduse=Entities connected with {{IRN}}|
| dateregistereddomains = 2024-7-12
| refregistereddomains =<ref>{{Cite web |title=آمار |url=https://www.nic.ir/Statistics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712163330/https://www.nic.ir/Statistics |archive-date=2024-07-12 |access-date=2024-07-12 |website=Nic.ir}}</ref>
⚫
| intendeduse=Entities connected with [[Iran]]|
actualuse=Popular in Iran
actualuse=Popular in Iran
| restrictions=Generally open for Iranians and non-Iranians; 3rd-level registrations under subdomains have varied restrictions and are restricted to Iranian-related entities
| restrictions=Generally open for Iranians and non-Iranians; 3rd-level registrations under subdomains have varied restrictions and are restricted to Iranian-related entities
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'''.ir''' is the [[Internet]] [[country code]] [[top-level domain]] ([[ccTLD]]) for [[Iran]]. It is managed by the [[Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences]].
'''.ir''' is the [[Internet]] [[country code]] [[top-level domain]] ([[ccTLD]]) for [[Iran]]. It is managed by the [[Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences]].


== Pricing ==
In 2014 a US court awarded a group of American and Israeli victims of Iranian terror the rights to the domain, along with Iran’s IP addresses being utilized by the Iranian government and its agencies.<ref>{{cite web|last=Shamah|first=David|date=June 24, 2014|title=Israeli, US terror victims could 'own' Iran's Internet|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-us-terror-victims-now-own-irans-internet/|access-date=May 23, 2020|publisher=[[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Levine|first=John R.|author-link=John_R._Levine|date=July 6, 2014|title=Why Iran is not going to lose the .IR domain|url=https://jl.ly/ICANN/irtld.html|access-date=May 23, 2020}}</ref>
Purchasing a [[domain name]] is done through the IRNIC website, but reselling is also allowed. As of May 2024, the price of registration is 200,000 [[Iranian rial|IRR]] (US${{To USD|200000|IRN|year=}}).


== Second-level domains ==
== Second-level domains ==
* '''.ir'''&nbsp;– public<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRNIC - Rules for Second-Level Domains |url=https://www.nic.ir/Terms_and_Conditions_ir,_Appendix_1_Domain_Rules#Rules_for_Second-Level_Domains |website=IRNIC}}</ref>
* '''.ir'''&nbsp;– public{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}
* '''.ac.ir'''&nbsp;– academic ([[Iranian universities|tertiary education]] and research establishments) and [[Learned society|learned societies]].
* '''.ac.ir'''&nbsp;– academic ([[Iranian universities|tertiary education]] and research establishments) and [[Learned society|learned societies]].
* '''.co.ir'''&nbsp;– commercial/companies
* '''.co.ir'''&nbsp;– commercial/companies
* '''.gov.ir'''&nbsp;– government ([[Islamic Republic of Iran]])
* '''.gov.ir'''&nbsp;– government ([[Islamic Republic of Iran]])
* '''.id.ir'''&nbsp;– personal, everyone has a [[NID Codeايرات|National Number from Islamic Republic of Iran]]
* '''.id.ir'''&nbsp;– personal, one per [[Iranian identity card|unique national identity number]]
* '''.net.ir'''&nbsp;– [[Internet service provider|ISPs]] and network companies approved by [[IRTCT]]
* '''.net.ir'''&nbsp;– [[Internet service provider|ISPs]] and network companies approved by the [[Communications Regulatory Authority (Iran)|CRA]]<!-- [[IRTCT]]{{Disambiguation needed|date=August 2022}}-->
* '''.org.ir'''&nbsp;– [[non-profit]] organisations
* '''.org.ir'''&nbsp;– [[non-profit]] organisations
* '''[[.sch]].ir'''&nbsp;– schools, primary and secondary education
* '''[[.sch]].ir'''&nbsp;– schools, primary and secondary education


== Persian domains ==
== Persian domains ==
[[Persian language|Persian]] [[internationalized domain name]]s are available for registration under '''.ایران.ir''' for public, in the [[Persian alphabet|Persian script]].<ref name="idn">{{cite web|url=http://www.nic.ir/IDN|title=''Internationalized Domain Names'' at IRNIC|accessdate=19 January 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090113114215/http://www.nic.ir/IDN| archivedate= 13 January 2009 <!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref>
[[Persian language|Persian]] [[internationalized domain name]]s are available for registration under '''.ایران.ir''' for public, in the [[Persian alphabet|Persian script]].<ref name="idn">{{cite web|url=http://www.nic.ir/IDN|title=''Internationalized Domain Names'' at IRNIC|access-date=19 January 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090113114215/http://www.nic.ir/IDN| archive-date= 13 January 2009 <!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref>


In 2010, [[ICANN]] approved IRNIC's proposal for the '''ایران.''' [[IDN ccTLD]] (representing the Persian spelling of ''Iran''), pending the final step of String Delegation{{what?|date=August 2016}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-15oct10-en.htm |title=IDN ccTLD Request From the Islamic Republic of Iran Successfully Passes String Evaluation |website=ICANN.org |publisher=[[ICANN]] |date=2010-10-15 |accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
In 2010, [[ICANN]] approved IRNIC's proposal for the '''ایران.''' [[IDN ccTLD]] (representing the Persian spelling of ''Iran''), pending the final step of String Delegation{{what?|date=August 2016}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-15oct10-en.htm |title=IDN ccTLD Request From the Islamic Republic of Iran Successfully Passes String Evaluation |website=ICANN.org |publisher=[[ICANN]] |date=2010-10-15 |access-date=2013-10-26}}</ref>

==Domain hacks==
The URL "ryana.ir" is a redirect to the budget airline website [[ryanair.com]]. It is used as a typing shortcut. Some internet users may mistakenly believe that .ir is the ccTLD for the [[Republic of Ireland]], the home country of Ryanair (which is actually [[.ie]]).{{Original research?|date=August 2019}}

The URL "renmark.ir" is a redirect to the [[Investor Relations]] firm Renmark Financial Communications Inc. The .ir in this instance would stand for Investor Relations.


== Testbeds ==
== Testbeds ==
Line 47: Line 45:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.iana.org/root-whois/ir.htm IANA .ir whois information]
* [https://www.nic.ir/ IRNIC Official Website]
* [https://www.iana.org/root-whois/ir.htm IANA .ir whois information]
* {{in lang|fa}} [http://www.nic.ir/ IRNIC, Dot-IR (.ir) ccTLD Registry]
* {{in lang|fa}} [http://www.nic.ir/ IRNIC, Dot-IR (.ir) ccTLD Registry]
* {{in lang|fa}} [http://www.nic.ir/List_of_Resellers List of Resellers of IRNIC]
* {{in lang|fa}} [http://www.nic.ir/List_of_Resellers List of Resellers of IRNIC]

Latest revision as of 16:37, 12 July 2024

.ir
IRNIC Logo
Introduced6 April 1994
TLD typeCountry code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistryInstitute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
Intended useEntities connected with Iran
Actual usePopular in Iran
Registered domains1,636,568 (2024-7-12)[1]
Registration restrictionsGenerally open for Iranians and non-Iranians; 3rd-level registrations under subdomains have varied restrictions and are restricted to Iranian-related entities
StructureMay register at second level or at third level beneath generic-category 2nd level domains
Dispute policiesIRNIC Dispute Resolution Policy
Registry websitenic.ir

.ir is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Iran. It is managed by the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences.

Pricing

[edit]

Purchasing a domain name is done through the IRNIC website, but reselling is also allowed. As of May 2024, the price of registration is 200,000 IRR (US$4.76).

Second-level domains

[edit]

Persian domains

[edit]

Persian internationalized domain names are available for registration under .ایران.ir for public, in the Persian script.[3]

In 2010, ICANN approved IRNIC's proposal for the ایران. IDN ccTLD (representing the Persian spelling of Iran), pending the final step of String Delegation[clarification needed].[4]

Testbeds

[edit]
  • .dnssec.ir – limited term testbed for DNSSEC support

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "آمار". Nic.ir. Archived from the original on 2024-07-12. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  2. ^ "IRNIC - Rules for Second-Level Domains". IRNIC.
  3. ^ "Internationalized Domain Names at IRNIC". Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 19 January 2009.
  4. ^ "IDN ccTLD Request From the Islamic Republic of Iran Successfully Passes String Evaluation". ICANN.org. ICANN. 2010-10-15. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
[edit]


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