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The EServer was an open access electronic publishing cooperative, founded in 1990,^[1] which published writings in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. In 2006, it was rated by Alexa as the most popular arts and humanities website in the world.^[2]

Martha L. Brogan and Daphnée Rentfrow wrote in 2005 that it had "more than 200 active members, including editors of an eclectic mix of 45 discrete 'collections' (Web sites), which 'publish' more than 32,000 works."^[1] Duke University Library rated the EServer among the "best overall directories for literary information on the Web."^[3]

Scope of collection

The EServer published written works in the arts and humanities, largely (but not exclusively) those from the Western cultural tradition. In addition to literature such as poetry, novels, drama and short stories, the EServer published seven scholarly journals. Most releases were in English, but there were also significant numbers in many other languages. Whenever possible, EServer publications were released in open standards, such as XHTML.

History

The EServer was founded in 1990, when a group of graduate students set up their office computer in "Trailer H" on the Carnegie Mellon University campus network to permit them to collaborate with one another. In 1991, with the addition of more disk space, it became an Internet network server designed to provide public access (via FTP, telnet and Gopher to literary research, criticism, novels, and writings from various humanities disciplines.

The site, originally called the English Server, was dedicated to publishing works in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. It was developed to assist leisure reading in particular, following a study by Geoffrey Sauer (the site's director) into the rapid and significant increase of books in the United States post-1979 and a consequent decrease in leisure readings among young Americans. By 1992 it was an extremely popular Gopher and FTP site, and by 1993 had a significant World Wide Web presence.

Its original Internet domain name was "english-server.hss.cmu.edu", which later became "english-www.hss.cmu.edu", then "english.hss.cmu.edu", then "eng.hss.cmu.edu". In the years since, the name was shortened to "eserver.org", and it was usually referred to as "EServer."

The site is no longer published and available.

Ideals

Contemporary publishing tend to place highest value on works that sell to broad markets. Quick turnover, high-visibility marketing campaigns for bestsellers, and corporate "superstore" bookstores have all made it less common for unique and older texts to be published. Geoffrey Sauer has argued that the costs this marketing adds to all books discourage people from leisure reading as a common practice. Publishers, he argues, then tend to encourage authors to write books with strong appeal to the current, undermining (if unknowingly) writings with longer-term implications.^[4]

Criticism

The EServer was described in 2005 as linking to works of varied origin and quality.^[1] It was described in July 2006 as having some broken links and some out-of-date collections.^[5]

Copyright issues

Copyright for the texts and collections published on the EServer were held by their authors, with rare exception for works commissioned by the EServer itself. Some of the texts were published under Creative Commons licenses, though many were distributed under an older model, which preserves the copyright in the author but permits reading and linking but not redistribution, except under specific limited conditions.

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Brogan, Martha L.; Daphnée Rentfrow (September 2005). "A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature" (PDF). Digital Library Federation. Retrieved 2006-12-13.
^ Alexa (December 2006). "Alexa:Sites in Humanities". Archived from the original on 2007-11-02. Retrieved 2006-12-12.
^ "Web Sites of Interest to Literature Scholars". Duke University Library. September 2004. Retrieved 2006-12-13.
^ Sauer, Geoffrey (April 2000). "The Place of the Internet in the History of Publishing". Lectures on Demand. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2006-12-13.
^ Wainscott, V.L. (July–August 2006). "Internet Resource: EServer.org: Accessible Writing". Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries. American Library Association. Archived from the original on 2006-12-12. Retrieved 2006-12-13.

External links

Schultz, Ethan. "Professor's literature site most popular of its kind in world". Iowa State Daily. November 28, 2005.

[EServer_DLF-1] Brogan, Martha L.; Daphnée Rentfrow (September 2005). "A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature" (PDF). Digital Library Federation. Retrieved 2006-12-13.

[EServer_Alexa-2] Alexa (December 2006). "Alexa:Sites in Humanities". Archived from the original on 2007-11-02. Retrieved 2006-12-12.

[EServer_Duke-3] "Web Sites of Interest to Literature Scholars". Duke University Library. September 2004. Retrieved 2006-12-13.

[EServer_Sauer-4] Sauer, Geoffrey (April 2000). "The Place of the Internet in the History of Publishing". Lectures on Demand. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2006-12-13.

[EServer_Choice-5] Wainscott, V.L. (July–August 2006). "Internet Resource: EServer.org: Accessible Writing". Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries. American Library Association. Archived from the original on 2006-12-12. Retrieved 2006-12-13.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Notability|date=December 2006}}
+{{Primary sources|date=March 2007}}
-[[Image:eserver_logo.jpg|frame|right|EServer.org logo]]
+[[Image:eserver logo.jpg|frame|right|EServer.org logo]]
-'''[http://eserver.org/ The EServer]''' is an [[open access]] electronic publishing cooperative, founded in 1990,<ref name="EServer_DLF">{{cite web | first=Martha L. | last=Brogan | coauthors=Daphnée Rentfrow | publisher=Digital Library Federation | date=September 2005 | url=http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub132/pub132.pdf#page=82 | title=A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref> which publishes writings in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. It is rated by [[Alexa_internet|Alexa]] as the most popular arts and humanities website in the world.<ref name="EServer_Alexa">{{cite web|author=Alexa|authorlink=Alexa_Internet | date=December 2006 | url=http://www.alexa.com/browse/general/?&CategoryID=53942&SortBy=Popularity | title=Alexa:Sites in Humanities | accessdate=2006-12-12}}</ref> As of 2005, the EServer published more than 32,000 works.<ref name="EServer_DLF">{{cite web | first=Martha L. | last=Brogan | coauthors=Daphnée Rentfrow | publisher=Digital Library Federation | date=September 2005 | url=http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub132/pub132.pdf#page=82 | title=A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref> In December 2006 it hosted approximately 66,000 readers per day (two million per month).<ref name="EServer_Readership">{{cite web | publisher=EServer.org | date=updated hourly | title=EServer Recent Readership | url=http://about.eserver.org/RecentReadership/ | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref>
+'''The EServer''' was an [[Open access (publishing)|open access]] electronic publishing cooperative, founded in 1990,<ref name="EServer_DLF">{{cite web | first=Martha L. | last=Brogan |author2=Daphnée Rentfrow | publisher=Digital Library Federation | date=September 2005 | url=http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub132/pub132.pdf#page=82 | title=A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref> which published writings in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. In 2006, it was rated by [[Alexa internet|Alexa]] as the most popular arts and humanities website in the world.<ref name="EServer_Alexa">{{cite web | author=Alexa | authorlink=Alexa Internet | date=December 2006 | url=http://www.alexa.com/browse/general/?&CategoryID=53942&SortBy=Popularity | title=Alexa:Sites in Humanities | accessdate=2006-12-12 | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071102165721/http://www.alexa.com/browse/general?&CategoryID=53942&SortBy=Popularity | archivedate=2007-11-02 }}</ref>
-Martha L. Brogan and Daphnée Rentfrow wrote in 2005 that it has "more than 200 active members, including editors of an eclectic mix of 45 discrete 'collections' (Web sites), which 'publish' more than 32,000 works."<ref name="EServer_DLF">{{cite web | first=Martha L. | last=Brogan | coauthors=Daphnée Rentfrow | publisher=Digital Library Federation | date=September 2005 | url=http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub132/pub132.pdf#page=82 | title=A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref> Duke University Library rates the EServer among the "best overall directories for literary information on the Web."<ref name="EServer_Duke">{{cite web | publisher=Duke University Library | date=September 2004 | url=http://www.lib.duke.edu/collect/english/sites.html | title=Web Sites of Interest to Literature Scholars | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref>
+Martha L. Brogan and Daphnée Rentfrow wrote in 2005 that it had "more than 200 active members, including editors of an eclectic mix of 45 discrete 'collections' (Web sites), which 'publish' more than 32,000 works."<ref name="EServer_DLF"/> [[Duke University Library]] rated the EServer among the "best overall directories for literary information on the Web."<ref name="EServer_Duke">{{cite web | publisher=[[Duke University Library]] | date=September 2004 | url=http://www.lib.duke.edu/collect/english/sites.html | title=Web Sites of Interest to Literature Scholars | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref>
 ==Scope of collection==
-The EServer publishes written works in the arts and humanities, largely (but not exclusively) those from the Western cultural tradition. In addition to literature such as poetry, novels, drama and short stories, the EServer publishes seven scholarly journals. Most releases are in English, but there are also significant numbers in many other languages. Whenever possible, EServer publications are released in open standards, such as XHTML.
+The EServer published written works in the arts and humanities, largely (but not exclusively) those from the Western cultural tradition. In addition to literature such as poetry, novels, drama and short stories, the EServer published seven scholarly journals. Most releases were in English, but there were also significant numbers in many other languages. Whenever possible, EServer publications were released in open standards, such as [[XHTML]].
+==History==
-Some of the notable scholarly journals hosted by the EServer include [[Bad Subjects]], [http://cultronix.eserver.org/ Cultronix], [http://clogic.eserver.org/ Cultural Logic], [http://emc.eserver.org/ Early Modern Culture], [http://mamet.eserver.org/ The David Mamet Review], [http://orange.eserver.org/ The Orange Journal], and [http://reconstruction.eserver.org/ Reconstruction].
+[[Image:eserver 1996.jpg|frame|right|The EServer, 1996]]
+The EServer was founded in 1990, when a group of graduate students set up their office computer in "Trailer H" on the [[Carnegie Mellon University]] campus network to permit them to collaborate with one another. In 1991, with the addition of more disk space, it became an Internet network server designed to provide public access (via [[FTP]], [[telnet]] and [[Gopher (protocol)|Gopher]] to literary research, criticism, novels, and writings from various humanities disciplines.
+The site, originally called the English Server, was dedicated to publishing works in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. It was developed to assist leisure reading in particular, following a study by Geoffrey Sauer (the site's director) into the rapid and significant increase of books in the United States post-1979 and a consequent decrease in leisure readings among young Americans. By 1992 it was an extremely popular [[Gopher (protocol)|Gopher]] and [[FTP]] site, and by 1993 had a significant [[World Wide Web]] presence.
-Other significant resources organized by areas of interest include: [http://antislavery.eserver.org/ The Antislavery Literature Project],  [http://drama.eserver.org/ The Drama Collection], [http://elab.eserver.org/ The Electronic Labyrinth], [http://feminism.eserver.org/ Feminism and Women's Studies], [http://eserver.org/fiction/ Fiction], [http://lectures.eserver.org/ Lectures on Demand], [http://poetry.eserver.org/ Poetry], [http://rhetoric.eserver.org/ Rhetoric and Composition], [http://tc.eserver.org/ The Technical Communication Library], and [http://thoreau.eserver.org/ The Thoreau Reader], among others.
+Its original Internet domain name was "english-server.hss.cmu.edu", which later became "english-www.hss.cmu.edu", then "english.hss.cmu.edu", then "eng.hss.cmu.edu". In the years since, the name was shortened to "eserver.org", and it was usually referred to as "EServer."
-==History==
-[[Image:eserver_1996.jpg|frame|right|The EServer, 1996]]
-The EServer was founded in 1990, when a group of graduate students set up their office computer in "Trailer H" on the [[Carnegie Mellon University]] campus network to permit them to collaborate with one another. In 1991, with the addition of more disk space, it became an Internet network server designed to provide public access (via [[FTP]], [[telnet]] and [[Gopher]] to literary research, criticism, novels, and writings from various humanities disciplines.
-The site, originally called the English Server, was dedicated to publishing works in the arts and humanities free of charge to Internet readers. It was developed to assist leisure reading in particular, following a study by [[Geoffrey Sauer]] (the site's director) into the rapid and significant increase of books in the United States post-1979 and a consequent decrease in leisure readings among young Americans. By 1992 it was an extremely popular [[Gopher protocol|Gopher]] and [[FTP]] site, and by 1993 had a significant [[World Wide Web]] presence.
+The site is no longer published and available.
-Its original Internet domain name was "english-server.hss.cmu.edu", which later became "english-www.hss.cmu.edu", then "english.hss.cmu.edu", then "eng.hss.cmu.edu". In the years since, the name was shortened to "eserver.org", and it is usually referred to as "EServer."
 ==Ideals==
-Contemporary publishing tend to place highest value on works that sell to broad markets. Quick turnover, high-visibility marketing campaigns for bestsellers, and corporate "superstore" bookstores have all made it less common for unique and older texts to be published. [[Geoffrey Sauer]] has argued that the costs this marketing adds to all books discourage people from leisure reading as a common practice. Publishers, he argues, then tend to encourage authors to write books with strong appeal to the current, undermining (if unknowingly) writings with longer-term implications.<ref name="EServer_Sauer">{{cite web | first=Geoffrey | last=Sauer | publisher=Lectures on Demand | date=April 2000 | url=http://lectures.eserver.org/1015 | title=The Place of the Internet in the History of Publishing | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref>
+Contemporary publishing tend to place highest value on works that sell to broad markets. Quick turnover, high-visibility marketing campaigns for bestsellers, and corporate "superstore" bookstores have all made it less common for unique and older texts to be published. Geoffrey Sauer has argued that the costs this marketing adds to all books discourage people from leisure reading as a common practice. Publishers, he argues, then tend to encourage authors to write books with strong appeal to the current, undermining (if unknowingly) writings with longer-term implications.<ref name="EServer_Sauer">{{cite web | first=Geoffrey | last=Sauer | publisher=Lectures on Demand | date=April 2000 | url=http://lectures.eserver.org/1015 | title=The Place of the Internet in the History of Publishing | accessdate=2006-12-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061012063749/http://lectures.eserver.org/1015 | archive-date=2006-10-12 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
 ==Criticism==
-The EServer was described in 2005 as linking to works of varied origin and quality.<ref name="EServer_DLF">{{cite web | first=Martha L. | last=Brogan | coauthors=Daphnée Rentfrow | publisher=Digital Library Federation | date=September 2005 | url=http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub132/pub132.pdf#page=82 | title=A Kaleidoscope of Digital American Literature | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref> It was described in July 2006 as having some broken links and some out-of-date collections.<ref name="EServer_Choice">{{cite web | first=V.L. | last=Wainscott | publisher=Choice | date=July/August 2006 | url=http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/choice/home.htm | title=Internet Resource: EServer.org: Accessible Writing | accessdate=2006-12-13}}</ref>
+The EServer was described in 2005 as linking to works of varied origin and quality.<ref name="EServer_DLF"/> It was described in July 2006 as having some broken links and some out-of-date collections.<ref name="EServer_Choice">{{cite web | first=V.L. | last=Wainscott | work=[[Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries]] | publisher=[[American Library Association]] | date=July–August 2006 | url=http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/choice/home.htm | title=Internet Resource: EServer.org: Accessible Writing | accessdate=2006-12-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061212220001/http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlpubs/choice/home.htm | archive-date=2006-12-12 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
-It has moved since then heavily to [[Open source|open source]] [[Content management systems|content management systems]] such as [[Plone (content management system)|Plone]] and [[Drupal]] to assist EServer editors in updating, improving and developing these links.
 ==Copyright issues==
-Copyright for the texts and collections published on the EServer are held by their authors, with rare exception for works commissioned by the EServer itself. Some of the texts are published under [[Creative Commons]] licenses, though many are distributed under an older model, which preserves the copyright in the author but permits reading and linking but not redistribution, except under specific limited conditions.
+Copyright for the texts and collections published on the EServer were held by their authors, with rare exception for works commissioned by the EServer itself. Some of the texts were published under [[Creative Commons]] licenses, though many were distributed under an older model, which preserves the copyright in the author but permits reading and linking but not redistribution, except under specific limited conditions.
-==Notes==
-<references/>
 == See also ==
@@ Line 40: / Line 33: @@
 * [[e-texts]]
 * [[Google Book Search]]
-* [[Open access]]
+* [[Open access (publishing)]]
 * [[Open Content Alliance]]
 * [[Project Gutenberg]]
+== Notes ==
+{{Reflist}}
 == External links ==
+*Schultz, Ethan. "[https://archive.today/20070929092730/http://www.iowastatedaily.com/media/paper818/news/2005/11/28/News/Scitech.Professors.Literature.Site.Most.Popular.Of.Its.Kind.In.World-1113878.shtml Professor's literature site most popular of its kind in world]". ''[[Iowa State Daily]]''. November 28, 2005.
-*[http://about.eserver.org/ About the EServer]
-*[http://about.eserver.org/Policies/ EServer Open Access/Privacy Policies]
-*Schultz, Ethan. "[http://www.iowastatedaily.com/media/paper818/news/2005/11/28/News/Scitech.Professors.Literature.Site.Most.Popular.Of.Its.Kind.In.World-1113878.shtml Professor's literature site most popular of its kind in world]". Iowa State Daily. November 28, 2005.
 [[Category:Electronic literature]]
-[[Category:Open Access]]
+[[Category:Accessible information]]
-[[Category:Accessibility]]
+[[Category:American book websites]]
-[[Category:Digital libraries]]
+[[Category:Discipline-oriented digital libraries]]
-[[Category:Book websites]]
+[[Category:Open access publishers]]
+[[Category:Academic journal online publishing platforms]]
+[[Category:Publishing cooperatives]]
+[[Category:Cooperatives in the United States]]