Jump to content

Newburyport, Massachusetts: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 42°48′45″N 70°52′40″W / 42.81250°N 70.87778°W / 42.81250; -70.87778
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Town MA
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Newburyport, Massachusetts
|official_name = Newburyport, Massachusetts
| nickname =
|nickname =
| image_town = Newburyport.jpg
|motto =
| image_town_caption = ''Newburyport'' in June [[2005]]
|imagesize = 290px
| image_seal = Newburyport,_MA_Seal.jpg
|image_caption = State Street
| image_flag =
|image_flag =
| image_map = Newburyport_ma_highlight.png
| county_name = [[Essex County, Massachusetts|Essex County]]
|image_seal = Seal of Newburyport, Massachusetts.png
|image_map = Essex County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Newburyport highlighted.svg
| year_settled = 1635
|mapsize = 260px
| year_incorporated = 1764
|map_caption = Location in [[Essex County, Massachusetts|Essex County]] and the state of [[Massachusetts]]
| government_name = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-council city]]
| pushpin_map = USA
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
| leader_name = John F. Moak
|subdivision_type = Country
| board_of_selectmen =
|subdivision_name = United States
| area_total = 10.6 [[Square mile|mi²]] / 27.4
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| area_land = 8.4 [[Square mile|mi²]] / 21.7
|subdivision_name1 = [[Massachusetts]]
| area_water = 2.2 [[Square mile|mi²]] / 5.7
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
| population_as_of = 2000
|subdivision_name2 = [[Essex County, Massachusetts|Essex]]
| population_total = 17189
|established_title = Settled
| population_density = 2050.3/[[Square mile|mi²]] / 791.6
|established_date = 1635
| elevation = 37 [[Foot (unit of length)|ft]] / 11
|established_title2 = Incorporated as a town
| timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|established_date2 = 1764
| utc_offset = -5
|established_title3 = Incorporated as a city
| timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|established_date3 = 1851
| utc_offset_DST = -4
|government_type = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-council city]]
| latd=42 |latm=48 |lats=45 |latNS=N
|leader_title = Mayor
| longd=70 |longm=52 |longs=40 |longEW=W
|leader_name = Sean R. Reardon
| website = http://www.cityofnewburyport.com/
|leader_title1 = <!--Board of <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selectmen-->
| zip_code = 01950
|leader_name1 =
| area_code = [[Area code 351|351]] / [[Area code 978|978]]
|area_magnitude =
| footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 27.74
|area_total_sq_mi = 10.71
|area_land_km2 = 21.63
|area_land_sq_mi = 8.35
|area_water_km2 = 6.11
|area_water_sq_mi = 2.36
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|settlement_type = City
|population_total = 18289
|population_density_km2 = 845.66
|population_density_sq_mi = 2190.30
|elevation_m = 11
|elevation_ft = 37
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset = −5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST = −4
|coordinates = {{coord|42|48|45|N|70|52|40|W|region:US-MA_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type = ZIP Code
|postal_code = 01950
|area_code = [[Area code 351|351]]/[[Area code 978|978]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 25-45245
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0614293
|footnotes =
|website = {{URL|www.cityofnewburyport.com}}
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_25.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 21, 2022}}</ref>
|pop_est_as_of =
|pop_est_footnotes =
|population_est =
|population_footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Newburyport''' is a small coastal city in [[Essex County, Massachusetts|Essex County]], [[Massachusetts]], 38 miles (61 km) northeast of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]]. A historic [[seaport]] with a vibrant tourism industry, Newburyport includes part of [[Plum Island (Massachusetts)|Plum Island]].


'''Newburyport''' is a coastal city in [[Essex County, Massachusetts]], United States, {{convert|35|mi}} northeast of Boston. The population was 18,289 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020">{{cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2545245| title=Census - Geography Profile: Newburyport city, Massachusetts| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]| access-date=September 25, 2021}}</ref> A historic [[seaport]] with a vibrant tourism industry, Newburyport includes part of [[Plum Island (Massachusetts)|Plum Island]]. The mooring, winter storage, and maintenance of recreational boats, motor and sail, still contribute a large part of the city's income. A [[United States Coast Guard|Coast Guard]] station oversees boating activity, especially in the sometimes dangerous tidal currents of the [[Merrimack River]].
== History ==

Located on the [[North Shore (Massachusetts)|North Shore]], Newburyport was first settled in [[1635]] as part of "Newberry Plantation," now [[Newbury, Massachusetts|Newbury]]. It would be set off and incorporated as a town in [[1764]], and then as a city in [[1851]]. Situated near the mouth of the [[Merrimack River]], it was once a [[whaling]], [[shipbuilding]] and [[shipping]] center, with an industry in [[silverware]] manufacture. The seaport declined after President [[Thomas Jefferson|Thomas Jefferson's]] [[Embargo Act of 1807|Embargo of 1807]] and the [[War of 1812]] (although a [[port]] for [[privateering]] during it), which helped preserve Newburyport's charming early appearance. The city's historical highlights include:
At the edge of the Newbury Marshes, delineating Newburyport to the south, an industrial park provides a wide range of jobs. Newburyport is on a major north–south highway, [[Interstate 95 in Massachusetts|Interstate 95]]. The outer circumferential highway of Boston, [[Interstate 495 (Massachusetts)|Interstate 495]], passes nearby in [[Amesbury, Massachusetts|Amesbury]]. The Newburyport Turnpike ([[U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts|U.S. Route 1]]) still traverses Newburyport on its way north. The [[Newburyport/Rockport Line|Newburyport/Rockport]] [[MBTA commuter rail]] from Boston's [[North Station]] terminates in Newburyport. The earlier [[Boston and Maine Railroad]] leading farther north was discontinued, but a portion of it has been converted into a recreation trail.
* First [[United States Coast Guard]] station

* First of many subsequent [[Clipper]] ships built here
==History==
* First "Tea Party" rebellion to oppose English Tea Tax

* Formed the basis for the town of Innsmouth in the [[H. P. Lovecraft]] story, "[[The Shadow over Innsmouth]]"
[[File:Custom House Maritime Museum.jpg|thumb|The Custom House Maritime Museum]]
[[File:Mary L. Cushing.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The ''Mary L. Cushing'', the last merchant ship built on the [[Merrimack River|Merrimack]], docked at the Cushing family pier in Newburyport]]

On January 28, 1764, the [[General Court of Massachusetts]] passed "An act for erecting part of the town of Newbury into a new town by the name of Newburyport."<ref>{{harvnb|Currier|1902|p=267}}.</ref> The act begins:<blockquote>Whereas the town of Newbury is very large, and the inhabitants of that part of it who dwell by the water-side there, as it is commonly called, are mostly merchants, traders, and artificers, and the inhabitants of the other parts of the town are chiefly husbandmen; by means whereof many difficulties and disputes have arisen in managing their public affairs – Be it enacted ... That part of the said town of Newbury ... be and hereby are constituted and made a separate and distinct town ....</blockquote>

The act was approved by Governor [[Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet|Francis Bernard]] on February 4, 1764. The new town was the smallest in Massachusetts, covering an area of {{convert|647|acre|km2}}, and had a population of 2,800 living in 357 homes. There were three [[shipyard]]s, no bridges, and several [[ferry|ferries]], one of which at the foot of Greenleaf Lane, now State Street,<ref>{{cite book| last=Currier| first=John| title=History of Newbury, MA 1635–1902| year=1902| publisher=Damrell & Upham| location=Boston| pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofnewbury1902curr/page/241 241]–242| url=https://archive.org/details/historyofnewbury1902curr}}</ref> carried the Portsmouth Flying Stage Coach, running between [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]], and Boston.<ref>Currier (1906) pages 5, 27–29.</ref>

The town prospered and became a city in 1851. Situated near the mouth of the [[Merrimack River]], it was once a fishing, [[shipbuilding]] and shipping center, with an industry in silverware manufacture. In 1792, a bridge was built two miles above the town where the river contained an island.<ref>Morse, Jedidiah. (1804). The American gazetteer: exhibiting a full account of the civil divisions, rivers, harbors, Indian tribes, &c. of the American continent, also of the West India and other appendant islands: with a particular description of Louisiana. 2nd edition. Charlestown, Massachusetts: Printed by and for Samuel Etheridge, and Thomas and Andrews. p. 359. [https://archive.org/stream/americangazettee00mors?ref=ol#page/n359/mode/2up The Internet Archive website]</ref> Merrimack Arms and Brown Manufacturing Company made Southerner [[Derringer]] pistols in their Newburyport factory from 1867 to 1873.<ref>James, Garry ''[[American Rifleman]]'' (June 2012) p.88</ref> The sea captains of old Newburyport (as elsewhere in Massachusetts) had participated vigorously in the [[triangular trade]], importing [[West Indies|West Indian]] [[molasses]] and exporting [[rum]] made from it. The [[distillery|distilleries]] were located around Market Square near the [[Dock (maritime)|waterfront]]. Caldwell's Old Newburyport rum was manufactured locally until 1961.

As a part of the triangle trade, the first leg of which involved the purchase of slaves from West Africa, many Newburyporters were anti-abolitionists. Massachusetts abolished slavery in 1783, and many runaway slaves found refuge in the state. In the early 1800s, around 6000 runaway slaves were living in Newburyport. In 1850, the [[fugitive slave act]] was passed, requiring all US states to capture and return runaway slaves. Because of this, runaways had to flee the country or risk returning to slavery. In this era, some white Newburyporters became stops on the [[Underground Railroad]]. As a port city and part of the triangle trade, Newburyport's abolitionists were often mariners. Capt. Alexander Graves, for example, smuggled slaves from the South and to Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-08 |title=How a white chimney in Hanover led to some truths about the Underground Railroad in Boston |url=https://www.wgbh.org/news/local/2023-02-08/how-a-white-chimney-in-hanover-led-to-some-truths-about-the-underground-railroad-in-boston |access-date=2024-05-01 |website=GBH |language=en}}</ref>

Newburyport once had a fishing fleet that operated from [[Georges Bank]] to the mouth of the Merrimack River. It was a center for [[privateering]] during the Revolutionary War and [[War of 1812]]. Beginning about 1832, it added numerous ships to the [[whaling]] fleet. Later, [[clipper]] ships were built there. Today, the city gives little hint of its former maritime importance. Notably missing are the [[wharf|docks]], which are shown on earlier maps extending into the channel of the Merrimack River, and the shipyards, where the waterfront parking lot is currently located.

George Whitefield, the well-known and influential English preacher who helped inspire the [[First Great Awakening]] in America, arrived in Newburyport in September 1740. The revival that followed his labors brought into existence Old South Church, where he was buried after his death in 1770.

The city's historical highlights include:

'''Historic events:'''
* First of many [[clipper]] ships built here.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Why Newburyport is called, 'Clipper City'|url=https://brickandtree.wordpress.com/2013/05/13/why-newburyport-is-called-clipper-city/ |website=Brick and Tree |date=May 13, 2013 |access-date=December 5, 2015}}</ref>
* First "Tea Party" rebellion to oppose British Tea Tax.<ref>{{Cite book |title = American Biography: A New Cyclopedia |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=cXAKAQAAMAAJ|publisher = Pub. under the direction of the American historical society |date=January 1, 1921 |language = en |first=William Richard |last=Cutter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Newburyport |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1BM0geolz18C |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |date=November 1, 1999 |isbn=9780738563336 |language=en |first=John Hardy |last=Wright}}</ref>
* First state mint and treasury building.<ref>{{Cite book|title = The Early Coins of America: And the Laws Governing Their Issue. Comprising Also Descriptions of the Washington Pieces, the Anglo-American Tokens, Many Pieces of Unknown Origin, of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, and the First Patterns of the United States Mint|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zwAXAAAAYAAJ |publisher=The author |date=January 1, 1875 |language=en |first=Sylvester Sage |last=Crosby}}</ref>
* Newburyport Superior Courthouse, the oldest continuously active courthouse in Massachusetts.

The [[Newburyport Five Cents Savings Bank]] on State Street was founded in 1854 and is one of the oldest banks in the United States still in operation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=4579095|title=Company Overview of Newburyport Five Cents Savings Bank|website=[[Bloomberg News]]|access-date=March 10, 2017}}</ref>

'''Historic houses and museums:'''
* Cushing House Museum & Garden<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newburyhist.com/ |title=Cushing House Museum & Garden |date=April 6, 2002 |access-date=June 16, 2024 |work=The Historical Society of Old Newbury |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020406083256/http://www.newburyhist.com/ |archive-date=April 6, 2002 }}</ref> ({{circa|1808}})
* Newburyport Custom House Museum<ref>{{cite web |url=https://customhousemaritimemuseum.org/ |title= Newburyport Custom House Museum
|access-date=June 16, 2024 }}</ref> (1835), designed by [[Robert Mills (architect)|Robert Mills]]

'''Literary interests:'''
* Was referred to in the [[H. P. Lovecraft]] story, "[[The Shadow Over Innsmouth]]", as being located near [[Innsmouth]]. Lovecraft based his depiction of Innsmouth largely on Newburyport.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guide to Lovecraftian Sites in Massachusetts |url=https://www.hplovecraft.com/creation/sites/mass.aspx |date=October 2012 |access-date=January 14, 2014}}</ref>
* Subject of the most ambitious community study ever undertaken, the Yankee City project conducted by anthropologist [[W. Lloyd Warner]] and his associates
* Subject of the most ambitious community study ever undertaken, the Yankee City project conducted by anthropologist [[W. Lloyd Warner]] and his associates


=== Timeline ===
'''''Notable Residents:'''''
* [[Caleb Cushing]], ambassador
* [[Timothy Dexter (businessman)|"Lord" Timothy Dexter]], eccentric
* [[Andre Dubus III]], novelist
* [[William Lloyd Garrison]], abolitionist
* [[Francis Cabot Lowell|Francis C. Lowell]], manufacturer
* [[John P. Marquand]], author
* [[Donald McKay]], shipbuilder
* [[Theophilus Parsons]], jurist
* [[Benjamin Perley Poore]], journalist
* [[Harriet Prescott Spofford]], writer
* [[George Whitefield]], evangelist
* [[Larry Howard]], weepah
Larry Russell, former Wake Forest Quarterback


{{hidden begin
'''''Historic Houses & Museums:'''''
|title=Timeline of Newburyport, Massachusetts
* [http://www.newburyhist.com Cushing House Museum & Garden] (c. [[1808]])
|titlestyle= background:#F8F8FF;width:60%
* [http://www.themaritimesociety.org Newburyport Custom House Museum] ([[1835]]), designed by [[Robert Mills (architect)|Robert Mills]]
}}
* 1635: Newbury incorporated.{{sfn|Toppan|1885}}
* 1761: Belleville Congregational Church founded.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bellevillechurch.org/history.php |title=History |publisher=Belleville Congregational Church |location=Newburyport }}</ref><ref>Daniel Taggart Fiske. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UNYWAAAAYAAJ An historical discourse commemorative of the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the Belleville Congregational Church], Newburyport, Mass., delivered on Thanksgiving Day, November 25, 1858. E.P. Dutton & Co., 1859</ref>
* 1764: Newburyport incorporated (formerly part of Newbury).
* 1772: Marine Society of Newburyport established.<ref>{{citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rTgWAAAAYAAJ |title=Acts of incorporation and by-laws of the marine society of Newburyport, in Massachusetts |location= Newburyport, MA |publisher=Printed by Whitton & Hale |year= 1846 }}</ref>
* 1773
** [[Isaiah Thomas (publisher)|Isaiah Thomas]] opens "a printing house in King Street."<ref>{{cite book |last=Thomas |first=Isaiah |year=1874 |title=History of printing in America |edition= 2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j02qD7Yfx5YC }}</ref>
** ''Essex Journal'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=LC>{{cite web|access-date=April 24, 2012 |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/news/18th/massachusetts.html |title=Eighteenth-Century American Newspapers in the Library of Congress: Massachusetts |publisher=Library of Congress }}</ref><ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1790: Population: 4,837.<ref name=census1998>{{citation |title=Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 |year=1998 |url=https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/1998/demo/POP-twps0027.html |publisher=US Census Bureau }}</ref>
* 1793: ''Impartial Herald'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=LC /><ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1794
** ''Morning Star'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
** Newburyport Woolen Manufacturing Co. established.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1795
** ''Political Gazette'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=LC /><ref name=BrighamMA4 />
** Merrimack Bank incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1797: ''[[Newburyport Herald]]'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1799: Newburyport Marine Insurance Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1801: ''American Intelligencer'' newspaper published.<ref name=BrighamMA4>{{cite journal |last=Brigham |first=Clarence S. |date=October 1915 |title=Bibliography of American newspapers, 1690-1820; part 4: Massachusetts (except Boston) |journal=Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society |volume=25|issue=2| pages = 396–501 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lVxIAAAAYAAJ }}</ref>
* 1802: Merrimac Humane Society established.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1803
** ''Merrimack Gazette'' and ''New England Repertory'' newspapers begin publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
** Newburyport Female Charitable Society organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
** Merrimack Fire and Marine Insurance Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1804: ''Political Calendar'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1805: ''Merrimack Magazine'' begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1807: ''Newburyport Gazette'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1808: ''Statesman'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
* 1810
** Newburyport Mechanick Association and Newburyport Athenaeum incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
** ''Independent Whig'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=BrighamMA4 />
** Merrimack Bible Society organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1812: Washington Benevolent Society organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1818: Howard Benevolent Society instituted "for the relief of the sick and destitute."{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1825: Newburyport Hosiery Co. established.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1829: Newburyport Lyceum organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1835
** Society for the Relief of Aged Females founded.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
** [[US Customhouse (Newburyport, Massachusetts)|U.S. Custom House]] built.<ref name=custom />
* 1836
** Newburyport Linnean Society and Newburyport Steam Cotton Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
** Newburyport Silk Co.{{sfn|Currier|1909}} and Newburyport Ladies' Bethel Society{{sfn|Sampson|1874}} established.
* 1837: Bartlet Steam Mills incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1840: Pleasant Street Christian Church organized.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1841: Essex North District Medical Society organized.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1842: James Steam Mills incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1844: Essex Steam Mills incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1845: Globe Steam Mills and Ocean Steam Mills incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1850
** Ladies' General Charitable Society instituted.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
** Newburyport Gas Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1851: June 18: Essex North Musical convention held.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1852: Merrimack Library Association organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1854
** [[Newburyport Public Library]] founded.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
** Newburyport Five Cents Savings Bank incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1855: Newburyport Library Association organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1857: Mechanic Library Association incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1865: Washington Street Methodist Episcopal Church organized.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1869: Merrimack Marine Railway Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1874: Newburyport Mutual Benefit Association organized.{{sfn|Sampson|1874}}
* 1877: Antiquarian and Historical Society of Old Newbury established.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}<ref>{{citation |author=Andrew McFarland Davis |title=Historical work in Massachusetts |publisher= [[Colonial Society of Massachusetts]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0vwKAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA21 |work=Transactions |date= Feb 1893 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://newburyhist.org/about-us/museum-history/ |title=Historical Society of Old Newbury |access-date= April 24, 2012 }}</ref>
* 1878: Newburyport Athenaeum organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1884: Newburyport YMCA incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1886: Newburyport Society for the Relief of Aged Men incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1887: Newburyport Electric Light & Power Co. incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1888: ''Daily News'' established.
* 1890
** YWCA of Newburyport incorporated.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
** City Improvement society organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1896: Newburyport Choral Union organized.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1904: South End Reading Room Association formed.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1906: Newburyport Homeoepathic Hospital opens.{{sfn|Currier|1909}}
* 1917: [[Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church of Newburyport]] founded.
* 1968: Newburyport Maritime Society established.<ref name=custom>{{cite web |url=http://www.customhousemaritimemuseum.org/about_us/index.php |title=About Us |publisher=Custom House Museum |access-date=April 24, 2012 |archive-date=July 4, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704140444/http://www.customhousemaritimemuseum.org/about_us/index.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 1971: [[Market Square Historic District (Newburyport, Massachusetts)|Market Square Historic District]] added to National Register of Historic Places.
* 1971-1979: Downtown undergoes major renewal and historic preservation effort.
* 1991: Actors Studio of Newburyport founded.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newburyportacting.org/aboutus.html |title=About Us |publisher=Actors Studio of Newburyport |access-date=October 26, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emact.org/membership/member_directory.asp |title=Member Directory |publisher=Eastern Massachusetts Association of Community Theatres |access-date=October 26, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030022408/http://www.emact.org/membership/member_directory.asp |archive-date=October 30, 2013 }}</ref>
* 1994: Sister city relationship established with [[Bura, Taita-Taveta District, Kenya]].<ref>{{cite web| title =Newburyport Bura Alliance| url =http://www.masskenya.org/about.htm| access-date =May 1, 2008| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080603230812/http://www.masskenya.org/about.htm| archive-date =June 3, 2008| url-status =dead}}</ref><ref>{{citation |work=Boston Globe |title=Out of Amesbury and Newburyport to Africa, and Back |date= January 30, 2000 }}</ref>
{{hidden end}}


== Historic Preservaton ==
==Historic preservation==

Like many other U.S. cities, by the [[1960s]] many of Newburyport's historic buildings had been allowed to fall into disrepair or were razed. By the early [[1970s]], however, a number of civic groups began to work to restore Newburyport's downtown to its original state. The [[1975]] completion of the Inn Street Mall marked the final stage of the restoration of historic downtown Newburyport. The city is frequently cited as an example of how to preserve a city's historic architecture, while still allowing it to be liveable and functional.
{{See also|National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, Massachusetts}}
Despite its former prosperity, in the 1950s and 1960s Newburyport's center fell into disrepair because of several factors, most notably [[strip mall]]s taking away from local business and increased use of the automobile. At this time, construction of major highways brought larger cities such as [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]] and [[Lowell, Massachusetts|Lowell]] into shopping range. Consequently, by 1970, Newburyport's historic downtown section was scheduled to be razed prior to reconstruction with federal money. Ideas to rebuild the city's downtown were numerous, ranging from hotels and new stores to, ironically, a strip mall, with few buildings left for historical reasons. At the last moment, however, the city changed its mind and signed a federal grant that allowed it to keep most of its historic architecture. Renovation and restoration began during the early 1970s, and continued throughout most of the decade, initially along State Street, and culminating with creation of a [[pedestrian mall]] along Inn Street. Newburyport is often cited as an example by preservationists of how to maintain a city's architecture and heritage, while still having it remain functional and liveable.


<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:American Yacht Club House Newbury Port Mass c 1894.JPG|[[American Yacht Club (Massachusetts)|American Yacht Club]] House {{circa|1894}}
Image:State Street from Market Square, Newburyport, MA.jpg|''State Street'' in c. [[1906]]
Image:State Street from Market Square, Newburyport, MA.jpg|State Street {{circa|1906}}. Except for the trolley, the store fronts, and the pavement, the street has not changed.
Image:Lord Timothy Dexter Place, Newburyport, MA.jpg|''Dexter House'' in c. [[1908]]
Image:Frog Pond, Newburyport, MA.jpg|''Frog Pond'' in c. [[1905]]
Image:Lord Timothy Dexter Place, Newburyport, MA.jpg|Dexter House {{circa|1908}}, once home to eccentric [[Timothy Dexter|"Lord" Timothy Dexter]]
Image:Joppa Landing, Newburyport, MA.jpg|''Joppa Landing'' in c. 1906
Image:Frog Pond, Newburyport, MA.jpg|Frog Pond {{circa|1905}}. High Street is visible in the background. The building in the center is the old court house.
Image:Joppa Landing, Newburyport, MA.jpg|Joppa Landing {{circa|1906}}. The boats are fishing [[Dory (boat)|dories]]. The houses remain but the landing and the boats are gone and the street has been improved.
Image:Newburyport City Hall.jpg|City Hall {{circa|1910}}. The building looks about the same today. It was constructed 1850–1851. The corner of Brown Square is visible across the street. The view is from where the Post Office now stands.
Image:View of Brown Square, Newburyport, MA.jpg|[[Brown Square]] in 1913, viewed from before the City Hall. The statue is that of "Garrison the Liberator". The houses and church still stand but the street has been paved and more modern buildings inserted.
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Newburyport is located at {{coor dms|42|48|45|N|70|52|39|W|city}} (42.812391, -70.877440){{GR|1}}.


[[File:Hunter in the Meadows of Old Newburyport Massachusetts.jpeg| thumb| right| 350px| ''Hunter in the Meadows of Old Newburyport, Massachusetts'', {{circa|1873}}, [[Alfred Thompson Bricher]]. The scene appears to be in the vicinity of the Little River. Route 1 offered the major overlook easily accessible to artists. In the far right can be seen the ridge of the right bank of the Merrimack over which High Street runs. Cattle have been turned into the marsh for pasture, a practice still allowed on some marsh farms of the area.]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 27.4 [[km²]] (10.6 [[square mile|mi²]]). 21.7 km² (8.4 mi²) of it is land and 5.7 km² (2.2 mi²) of it (20.77%) is water. Newburyport is drained by the Merrimack River.
Newburyport is located at {{coord|42|48|45|N|70|52|39|W|type:city}} (42.812391, −70.877440).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|10.6|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|8.4|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|2.2|sqmi|km2}} (20.77%) is water.

The city is part of Massachusetts' [[North Shore (Massachusetts)|North Shore]]; Newburyport was laid out on the elevated south bank of the [[Merrimack River]] between the river and [[Newbury, Massachusetts|Newbury]] marshes. The shipyards, now boatyards (and still vigorously active), extended along the bank at the edge of the river. They were connected by Merrimac Street, which ends upriver where the bank merges into bluffs covered with pine forest. Colonial residences extend up the bank from Merrimac Street to High Street running parallel to it near the top of the ridge. The homes of the seafaring entrepreneurs line High Street. Many feature [[widow's walk]]s, structures on the roof where the residents could watch for the return of sailing vessels. Nearly every home maintains a splendid flower garden, most dating to colonial times. Various cross streets, such as State Street, Green Street and Market Street, connect Merrimac Street and High Street. The top of the ridge proved an ideal location for later institutions, such as [[Newburyport High School]] and nearby Anna Jaques Hospital. The ridge drops more sharply to the marsh on the other side. Along its margin a third parallel street developed, Low Street.

The river bank gradually descends to marshes at Joppa Flats beyond downtown Newburyport. The Plum Island Turnpike was pushed out over the marsh on a causeway to a narrow part of the Plum Island River just to the south of where it connects to the mouth of the Merrimack. A [[drawbridge]] was built there, the only access to the island by road. On the Newburyport side a small airport, [[Plum Island Airport]], was built at the edge of the marsh. The portion of Plum Island that is in the city has no direct access to the rest of the city; similarly, there is no access between the mainland and Woodbridge Island or Seal Island, west of Plum Island (the latter being shared between Newburyport and Newbury). Several parks and beaches dot the city, including Plum Island Point Beach, Simmons Beach, Joppa Park, Waterfront Park, Woodman Park, Cashman Park, Moseley Pines Park and Atkinson Common and March's Hill Park. Newburyport Forest is located in the southwest corner of the city, and [[Maudslay State Park]] lies along the northwest part of the city, along the banks of the Merrimack.

Newburyport is located {{convert|37|mi|km}} north-northeast of Boston, {{convert|19|mi|km}} east-northeast of [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]], and {{convert|21|mi|km}} south-southeast of [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]]. Situated {{convert|5|mi|0}} south of the [[New Hampshire]] border, the city is bordered by the [[Gulf of Maine]] (Atlantic Ocean) to the east, [[Newbury, Massachusetts|Newbury]] to the south and southeast, [[West Newbury, Massachusetts|West Newbury]] to the west and southwest, [[Amesbury, Massachusetts|Amesbury]] to the north and northwest, and [[Salisbury, Massachusetts|Salisbury]] to the northeast.
{{Adjacent communities
| Centre = Newburyport
| N = Amesbury
| NE = Sailsbury
| E = Plum Island
| SE = Newbury
| S = Newbury
| SW = W. Newbury
| W = W. Newbury
| NW = Amesbury
}}
===Neighborhoods===
Joppa:
Joppa is bordered by [[Newbury, Massachusetts|Newbury]] to the southeast, the South End to the southwest, and Downtown to the Northwest. This is the closest neighborhood to [[Plum Island Airport]] located in Newbury.

South End:
The South End is bordered by [[Newbury, Massachusetts|Newbury]] to the south, Joppa to the northeast, and downtown to the northwest. The border between the South End and Joppa is just behind Hancock Street, Chestnut Street and part of Prospect Street.

Plum Island:
The Newburyport neighborhood on North end of [[Plum Island, Massachusetts|Plum Island]] is geographically isolated from the rest of Newburyport but served by Newburyport services and schools. It features Plum Island Point, a popular spot for fishing and recreation, and the Plum Island Lighthouse,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nelights.com/exploring/Massachusetts/plum_is_light.html#gsc.tab=0 |title=Plum Island (Newburyport Harbor) Lighthouse |work=New England Lighthouses and Coastal Attractions |access-date=June 16, 2024}}</ref> built in 1838.

===Climate===
{{Weather box
|location = Newburyport, Massachusetts (2000–2016 normals, rainfall/snowfall 1991–2020; extremes 1911–2016)
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 71
|Feb record high F = 67
|Mar record high F = 85
|Apr record high F = 94
|May record high F = 100
|Jun record high F = 97
|Jul record high F = 100
|Aug record high F = 98
|Sep record high F = 96
|Oct record high F = 86
|Nov record high F = 75
|Dec record high F = 70
|Jan avg record high F = 55
|Feb avg record high F = 54
|Mar avg record high F = 65
|Apr avg record high F = 83
|May avg record high F = 88
|Jun avg record high F = 92
|Jul avg record high F = 94
|Aug avg record high F = 92
|Sep avg record high F = 90
|Oct avg record high F = 79
|Nov avg record high F = 69
|Dec avg record high F = 60
|year avg record high F= 96
|Jan high F = 33.2
|Feb high F = 36.2
|Mar high F = 44.5
|Apr high F = 56.6
|May high F = 66.5
|Jun high F = 75.0
|Jul high F = 82.3
|Aug high F = 81.0
|Sep high F = 74.1
|Oct high F = 61.9
|Nov high F = 51.5
|Dec high F = 40.2
|year high F=
|Jan mean F = 24.2
|Feb mean F = 26.5
|Mar mean F = 34.9
|Apr mean F = 45.6
|May mean F = 55.9
|Jun mean F = 64.9
|Jul mean F = 71.8
|Aug mean F = 70.1
|Sep mean F = 63.1
|Oct mean F = 51.6
|Nov mean F = 41.8
|Dec mean F = 31.6
|year mean F=
|Jan low F = 15.2
|Feb low F = 16.8
|Mar low F = 25.3
|Apr low F = 34.6
|May low F = 45.3
|Jun low F = 54.9
|Jul low F = 61.3
|Aug low F = 59.2
|Sep low F = 52.1
|Oct low F = 41.3
|Nov low F = 32.2
|Dec low F = 23.0
|year low F=
|Jan avg record low F = -2
|Feb avg record low F = 2
|Mar avg record low F = 8
|Apr avg record low F = 25
|May avg record low F = 32
|Jun avg record low F = 44
|Jul avg record low F = 53
|Aug avg record low F = 50
|Sep avg record low F = 39
|Oct avg record low F = 29
|Nov avg record low F = 19
|Dec avg record low F = 9
|year avg record low F= -4
|Jan record low F = -12
|Feb record low F = -12
|Mar record low F = -2
|Apr record low F = 19
|May record low F = 28
|Jun record low F = 39
|Jul record low F = 48
|Aug record low F = 46
|Sep record low F = 32
|Oct record low F = 25
|Nov record low F = 12
|Dec record low F = -2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 3.68
|Feb precipitation inch = 3.63
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.72
|Apr precipitation inch = 4.45
|May precipitation inch = 4.11
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.27
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.51
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.49
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.90
|Oct precipitation inch = 5.15
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.99
|Dec precipitation inch = 4.86
|Jan snow inch = 18.0
|Feb snow inch = 16.1
|Mar snow inch = 13.4
|Apr snow inch = 1.8
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.1
|Nov snow inch = 1.4
|Dec snow inch = 11.1
|Jan snow depth inch = 11.0
|Feb snow depth inch = 12.0
|Mar snow depth inch = 10.0
|Apr snow depth inch = 2.0
|May snow depth inch = 0.0
|Jun snow depth inch = 0.0
|Jul snow depth inch = 0.0
|Aug snow depth inch = 0.0
|Sep snow depth inch = 0.0
|Oct snow depth inch = 0.0
|Nov snow depth inch = 1.0
|Dec snow depth inch = 7.0
|year snow depth inch= 18.0
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan precipitation days = 11.5
|Feb precipitation days = 9.3
|Mar precipitation days = 11.6
|Apr precipitation days = 10.9
|May precipitation days = 12.0
|Jun precipitation days = 11.9
|Jul precipitation days = 10.2
|Aug precipitation days = 9.4
|Sep precipitation days = 9.1
|Oct precipitation days = 10.6
|Nov precipitation days = 10.4
|Dec precipitation days = 11.5
|year precipitation days=
|Jan snow days = 6.9
|Feb snow days = 5.3
|Mar snow days = 4.6
|Apr snow days = 0.8
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 1.0
|Dec snow days = 4.5
|year snow days=

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name= NOWData>{{cite web |url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=box |title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date = May 20, 2022}}</ref><ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00195285&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Newburyport, MA
|access-date = October 28, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}
[[Image:Brown Square, Newburyport, MA.jpg|thumb|left|''Brown Square'' in [[1913]]]]
{{Historical populations
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 17,189 people, 7,519 households, and 4,428 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 792.0/km² (2,050.3/mi²). There were 7,897 housing units at an average density of 363.8/km² (942.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.11% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.42% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.12% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.61% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.01% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.16% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.56% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.88% of the population.
|type= USA
|1790|4837
|1800|5946
|1810|7634
|1820|6852
|1830|6375
|1840|7161
|1850|9572
|1860|13401
|1870|12595
|1880|13538
|1890|13947
|1900|14478
|1910|14949
|1920|15618
|1930|15084
|1940|13916
|1950|14111
|1960|14004
|1970|15807
|1980|15900
|1990|16317
|2000|17189
|2010|17416
|2020|18289
|2023*|18731
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>}}
|footnote=* = population estimate. {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}}<ref name="1950_Census_Urban_populations_since_1790">{{cite journal |title=1950 Census of Population|volume=1: Number of Inhabitants|at=Section 6, Pages 21–7 through 21-09, Massachusetts Table 4. The population of Urban Places of 10,000 or more from Earliest Census to 1920|publisher=Bureau of the Census|access-date=July 12, 2011|year=1952|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/23761117v1ch06.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2023| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=May 19, 2024 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html}}</ref>
}}


As of the census<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2010, there were 17,416 people, 8,264 households, and 4,428 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,086.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 7,897 housing units at an average density of {{convert|942.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 90.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.6% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.61% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.01% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.16% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 2.7% of the population. The top five ethnic groups are:<ref>[http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genealogyInfo.php?locIndex=3056 Newburyport - Newburyport - Ancestry & family history] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407073657/http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genealogyInfo.php?locIndex=3056 |date=April 7, 2014 }}. ePodunk. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.</ref> (United States 2010 Census quickfacts)
There were 7,519 households out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.1% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.


* Irish – 25%
[[Image:Newburyport_City_Hall.jpg|thumb|right|''City Hall'' in c. 1910]]
* English – 16%
In the city the population was spread out with 20.7% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.
* Italian – 11%
* French (except Basque) – 7%
* German – 6%


There were 7,519 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.1% were non-families. Of all households, 33.1% were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.
The median income for a household in the city was $158,557, and the median income for a family was $173,306. Males had a median income of $151,831 versus $137,853 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $134,187. About .8% of families and .2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including .3% of those under age 18 and .9% of those age 65 or over.


In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.
=="Yankee Homecoming" ==
"Yankee Homecoming" is the annual festival celebrating the first European settlers to the Newburyport area. It begins on the last Saturday of July and ends on the first Sunday of August. The first Sunday of the festival, known as "Olde Fashioned Sunday," is celebrated at the Bartlett Mall in downtown Newburyport, and features many activities, including an art show, an appearance by the city's oldest [[Fire apparatus|fire engine]], the "Neptune," and the participation of many local businesses. There is also an antique car show. Other popular events include the "Bed Race" in which a bed, pushed by a few people, is rolled down Federal Street. There is also a [[fireworks]] show, and, most notable of all, the famous parade on the last Sunday of the festival. More recently, there are concerts every night at the waterfront park, and the 3 year old "Annual Boat Parade." Each Yankee Homecoming features a grand marshal and numerous street vendors. Newburyport's "Yankee Homecoming" is the oldest in the country. Every night during Yankee Homecoming various bands play for audiences on the boardwalk.


The median income for a household in the city was $78,557, and the median income for a family was $103,306. Males had a median income of $51,831 versus $37,853 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,187. About 2.8% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.5% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.
== Points of interest ==
[[Image:Atkinson Common, Newburyport, MA.jpg|thumb|right|''Atkinson Common'' in [[1908]]]]
High Street is a remarkable street of fine old houses, linking the Atkinson Common ([[1893]]-[[1894]]) with the Bartlett Mall, site of the [[Charles Bulfinch]]-designed ''Essex County Superior Courthouse'' ([[1805]]). Laid out in [[1801]], the Bartlett Mall was redesigned in the [[1880s]] by noted Boston landscape architect [[Charles Eliot]], with later improvements by [[Arthur Shurcliff]].


==Government==
''Newburyport High School'' is located on historic High Street. This school is unusual, as its library has been officially declared an [[echo chamber]]. Only 24 public schools along the eastern seaboard can state this claim. Students are often deafened by the booming voice of Dean of Student Life, Tim McCarron.


Upon adopting a new charter in 2011 which took effect in 2013, Newburyport has been run by a mayor with a four-year term and an eleven-member City Council (prior to that, the mayor's term lasted for two years). During the mid-twentieth century, Newburyport enjoyed a typical "small community" approach, conducted, most notably, by city mayor and activist Ed Molin, who died in 2005. The current mayor of Newburyport is Sean Reardon, and the next election year for mayor is 2025.
Also located on High Street is the Kelley School, built in 1872. It is the second oldest continuous-running public school in the United States that has not seen a significant alteration to its physical plant. Entering through the doors of this friendly neighborhood school takes one back to a time when education was smaller and more personal.


Newburyport is part of the [[Massachusetts Senate's 1st Essex district]].<ref name=Acts2011>{{citation |url=https://malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2011/Chapter152 |access-date= April 15, 2020 |work= Session Laws: Acts (2011) |title=An Act Establishing Executive Councillor and Senatorial Districts |author=Massachusetts General Court }}</ref>
Some other points of interest are: the city's historic waterfront, Market Square & Inn Street, Cashman Park, and the world-famous "Park Lunch" restaurant which recovered from a fire two years ago.

{| class=wikitable
! colspan = 6 | Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 15, 2008<ref>{{cite web|title = Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008 | publisher = Massachusetts Elections Division | access-date = May 8, 2010 | url = http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/elepdf/st_county_town_enroll_breakdown_08.pdf}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Number of voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (United States)}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 4,058
| style="text-align:center;"| 31.42%
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (United States)}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,700
| style="text-align:center;"| 13.16%
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent Party (United States)}}
| Unaffiliated
| style="text-align:center;"| 7,095
| style="text-align:center;"| 54.94%
|-
| {{party color cell|Libertarian Party (United States)}}
| [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 61
| style="text-align:center;"| 0.47%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! style="text-align:center;"| 12,914
! style="text-align:center;"| 100%
|}

==Transportation==
[[Interstate 95 in Massachusetts|Interstate 95]] passes through the western side of town, with one exit at [[Massachusetts Route 113|Route 113]]. Route 113 itself has its eastern terminus at [[U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts|U.S. Route 1]] and [[Massachusetts Route 1A]], with Route 1A continuing along the same right of way as 113 towards Newbury. Route 1 and 1A cross the river along the Newburyport Turnpike Bridge; it had originally followed State Street and ended at Merrimac and Water Streets before crossing the river via ferry to Salisbury. The Turnpike Bridge is the easternmost crossing of the Merrimack; upstream the river is crossed by the Newburyport Railroad Bridge (just west of the Turnpike Bridge), the [[Chain Bridge (Massachusetts)|Chain Bridge]], one of the oldest bridges along the river, and the Whittier Memorial Bridge, which brings Interstate 95 to Amesbury.

The [[Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority]] provides regular bus service between the city and Haverhill, which includes access to the commuter rail station in Newburyport. The bus is free as of March 2023. [[Newburyport (MBTA station)|Newburyport]] is the northern terminus of the [[Newburyport/Rockport Line]] of the [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] system, providing access through several North Shore cities to Boston's [[North Station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mbta.com/schedules_and_maps/rail/lines/?route=NBRYROCK|title=Newburyport/Rockport Line - Commuter Rail - MBTA|first=Massachusetts Bay Transportation|last=Authority|website=www.mbta.com|access-date=April 20, 2018}}</ref>

[[Plum Island Airport]] is a privately owned [[general aviation]] airport located within the city limits. It is open to the public and managed by Plum Island Aerodrome, Inc., a not-for-profit organization.<ref>{{cite web|title=Plum Island Aerodrome|url=http://www.plumislandaerodrome.org/ |website=www.plumislandaerodrome.org |access-date=May 22, 2016}}</ref> The nearest scheduled commercial air service can be found at Boston's [[Logan International Airport]], Worcester's [[Worcester Regional Airport]], Portsmouth's Pease International Tradeport or Manchester's [[Manchester-Boston Regional Airport]].
{{clear}}

==Education==
[[Image:Newburyport High School.jpg|thumb|right|Newburyport High School]]

The current site of [[Newburyport High School]] was purchased from Alice L. Atkinson in 1935, and the deed was recorded at the Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds as Book 3030, Page 279 in March 1935.<ref name=Atkinson>{{cite web |url=https://historynewburyport.com/mt-rural/ |title=Mount Rural and Newburyport High School |work=History of Newburyport |quote=History compiled from “History of Newburyport, Mass: Volume 2,” by John J. Currier and Salem Deeds. |access-date=June 16, 2024 }}</ref>

Newburyport High School is [[List of the oldest public high schools in the United States|one of the oldest public high schools in the United States]].

Newburyport is served by several public schools, belonging to the Newburyport School District, and several private schools.

* Francis T. Bresnahan Lower Elementary School: pre-kindergarten to grade 3
* Edward G. Molin Upper Elementary School: grades 4 and 5
* Rupert A. Nock Middle School: grades 6 to 8
* [[Newburyport High School]]: grades 9 to 12
* River Valley Charter School: grades kindergarten to 8
* Immaculate Conception Catholic School: grades pre-kindergarten to 8
* Newburyport Montessori School: pre-kindergarten and kindergarten

On Monday, November 4, 2019, the Newburyport School Committee unanimously (with one member absent) voted to implement a [[Start School Later]] policy, the first of the [[Cape Ann League]] to do so.

The times will be:

* Francis T. Bresnahan Lower Elementary School: pre-kindergarten to grade 3; 8:20–2:50
* Edward G. Molin Upper Elementary School: grades 4 and 5; and Rupert A. Nock Middle School: grades 6 to 8; 7:45–2:15
* [[Newburyport High School]]: grades 9 to 12; 8:15–2:45

Newburyport is served by the [[Newburyport Public Library]], part of the [[Merrimack Valley Library Consortium]].

[[Newburyport High School]] competes in the [[Cape Ann League]], an athletic conference in District A of the [[Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association]]. The athletics program offers a variety of sports for girls and boys during the fall, winter, and spring seasons. The school colors are [[Crimson]] and [[Old gold|Old Gold]] and the mascot is a [[Clipper|Clipper Ship]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!'''Fall'''
!'''Winter'''
!Spring
|-
|Field Hockey
|Basketball
|Baseball
|-
|Football
|Indoor Track
|Softball
|-
|Soccer
|Ice Hockey
|Lacrosse
|-
|Golf
|Ski Racing (Co-op with [[Georgetown High School (Massachusetts)|Georgetown High School]])
|Spring Track
|-
|Volleyball
|Swim (Co-op with [[Triton Regional High School (Massachusetts)|Triton Regional High School)]]
|Tennis
|-
|Cross Country
|Wrestling (Co-op with Pentucket High School)
|
|-
|Cheerleading
|Cheerleading
|
|}

==Activities==
[[Image:Newburyport boardwalk.jpg|thumb|Waterfront boardwalk on a winter night]]

Newburyport makes activities available for its residents, including a year-round ice skating rink and a beautiful waterfront and boardwalk. Many Newburyport residents love boating, fishing, swimming, and other water sports. The city's picturesque downtown shopping district also makes it a great location to enjoy boutique shopping. The city sponsors several youth sports leagues, including baseball, football, soccer, lacrosse, basketball, and hockey. The city's youth services program also provides classes, campouts, and activities in robotics, music, rock climbing, chess, fencing, sewing, dance, skateboarding, judo, academics, cooking, yoga, cheerleading, art, fashion design, photography, biking, and frisbee.

==Annual events==

===Yankee Homecoming===
Yankee Homecoming, run not by the city, but by the non-profit Yankee Homecoming, Inc., is the annual festival celebrating the natives coming home to Newburyport. The event was initiated in 1957 by native Newburyporter George Cashman, who sought to stimulate the economy and lift the spirit of the citizens.

It lasts one week. The first Sunday of the festival, known as "Olde Fashioned Sunday", is celebrated at the Bartlet Mall in Newburyport, and features many activities, including an art show, an appearance by the city's oldest [[Fire apparatus|fire engine]], the "Neptune #8", and the participation of many local businesses. There is also an antique car parade. Each Yankee Homecoming features a grand marshal and numerous street vendors.

The festival includes eight days and over 200 events. There are concerts every night at Market Landing Park. Other popular events include the Newburyport Lions' {{convert|10|mi|km|adj=on}} and 5-kilometer road races, which run through the city's downtown streets and neighborhoods. There is also a 45-minute [[fireworks]] show on Saturday night, which is followed the concluding Sunday by the famous Yankee Homecoming parade.

First held in 1958, Newburyport's "Yankee Homecoming" is the second-oldest homecoming festival in the United States. Many charities raise their funds during this time.

===Waterfront Concert Series===
This was held Friday evenings in Waterfront Park in downtown Newburyport, these free concerts were intended for all ages. The concerts were presented by the Newburyport Chamber of Commerce and the Waterfront Trust and were sponsored by a local insurance agency, Arthur S Page Insurance.

===Newburyport Literary Festival===
Held during the last weekend of April, the Newburyport Literary Festival was started in 2006 as a new effort by the city to increase interest in reading and literary arts. Many local authors are invited to sign and chat about their books, and schoolchildren create projects to show to an author who visits their school. Among the authors who regularly visit are [[Andre Dubus III]], [[Tess Gerritsen]], and [[Rhina Espaillat]].

===Newburyport Chamber Music Festival===

Held towards the beginning of August, the Newburyport Chamber Music Festival was founded in 2001 by resident Jane Niebling and Philadelphia violist [[David Yang]]. For the duration of the festival, exceptional international artists are embedded in the community, giving many concerts but also holding open rehearsals in public places, chamber music reading parties in local homes (“hausmusiks”), a free family concert, a lecture on the summer's repertoire, and a world premiere of a newly commissioned work often based on the culture, history, or landscape of the region. Prominent composers who have written for the festival include [[Jon Deak]], [[Eric Ewazen]], [[Jay Reise]], and others.

== Sister Cities ==
Newburyport has the following sister cities

{{Flag|Kenya|name=Bura, Kenya}}

==Points of interest==
[[Image:Atkinson Common, Newburyport, MA.jpg|thumb|Atkinson Common in 1908]]
Over the years, the town has cultivated a significant tourist population. The quaint downtown shopping center includes businesses that appeal to all ages. Local businesses and restaurants surround Market Square and along State Street. During festivals throughout the year, visitors are invited to enjoy concerts, food, and entertainment. An old mill building on Liberty Street is home to other small businesses and a local farmers' market during both the summer and winter seasons. The historic area has a charming feel and upbeat atmosphere.

High Street is a remarkable street of fine old Federal-style houses, linking the Atkinson Common (1893–1894) with the Bartlett Mall, site of the [[Charles Bulfinch]]-designed ''Essex County Superior Courthouse'' (1805). Laid out in 1801, the Bartlett Mall was redesigned in the 1880s by noted Boston landscape architect [[Charles Eliot (landscape architect)|Charles Eliot]], with later improvements by [[Arthur Shurcliff]].

[[First Presbyterian Church (Newburyport, Massachusetts)|First Presbyterian Church]] dates from 1756. The clock tower bell was cast by [[Paul Revere]]. One of the most famous individuals in 18th-century America, evangelist [[George Whitefield]], before dying in Newburyport in 1770, asked that his remains be buried under the pulpit of the "Old South" church, and they are there to this day.

Some other points of interest are the city's historic waterfront, Atwood Park located at the south end of Newburyport, Market Square & Inn Street, Cashman Park, and [[Brown Square]], graced with a statue to "[[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison the Liberator]]", before the City Hall. The recently restored City Hall itself is a fine old building featuring in the first-floor corridor a portrait gallery of some of those who have fallen in service of their country. Others are listed on the central monument in Atkinson Common.

* [[Chain Bridge (Massachusetts)|Chain Bridge]]
* [[Cushing House Museum and Garden|Cushing House Museum & Garden]]
* [[Cushing House Museum and Garden|Cushing House Museum & Garden]]
* [http://www.massaudubon.org/joppaflats/ Joppa Flats Education Center & Wildlife Sanctuary]
* Joppa Flats Education Center and Wildlife Sanctuary
* [http://www.mass.gov/dcr/parks/northeast/maud.htm Maudslay State Park]
* [[Maudslay State Park]]
* [[Newburyport Brewing Company]]
* [http://parkerriver.fws.gov/ Parker River National Wildlife Refuge]
* [[Parker River National Wildlife Refuge]]


== Publications ==
==In popular culture==
Newburyport was the inspiration for the city of [[Innsmouth]], the setting of the [[H. P. Lovecraft]] story ''[[The Shadow Over Innsmouth]]'', part of the [[Cthulhu Mythos]]. The narrative also cameos the actual Newburyport in the first chapter. It is where the protagonist sets out from on his journey to Innsmouth.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Shadow over Innsmouth|last=Lovecraft|first=H. P.|publisher=Visionary Publishing Company|year=1936|pages=1}}</ref>
* Smith, ''History of Newburyport, Mass.'', (Boston, 1854)
It was mentioned in Stephen King's, "Doctor Sleep,". Also, the 2019 [[Goldsmiths Prize]] winner, ''[[Ducks, Newburyport]]'', featured the city.
* D. H. Hurd, ''History of Essex County, Mass.'', (Philadelphia, 1888)

* J. J. Currier, ''History of Newburyport'', (Newburyport, 1906)
==Notable people==
[[File:Firstreligioussocietynbpt.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Meetinghouse of the First Religious Society (Unitarian), built 1801]]

* [[John Quincy Adams]] (1767–1848), U.S. president, resided in Newburyport 1787–1788
* [[Charlotte Johnson Baker]] (1855–1937), physician
* [[Edward Bass]] (1726 –1803), first [[United States|American]] [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopal]] [[bishop]] of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts|Diocese of Massachusetts]] and second bishop of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Rhode Island|Diocese of Rhode Island]].
* [[Nikole Beckwith]] (born 1980), Newburyport-born and raised writer and filmmaker
* [[Kate Bolick]] (born 1972), Newburyport-born and raised author and essayist
* [[John Parker Boyd]] (1764–1830), U.S. Army Brigadier General in the [[War of 1812]]
* [[John Bromfield, Jr.]] (1779–1849), merchant
* [[John H. Couch]] (1811–1870), sea captain, pioneer and a founder of [[Portland, Oregon]]
* [[Osmond Richard Cummings]] (1923–2013), author and historian
* [[Caleb Cushing]] (1800–1879), diplomat and politician
* [[Timothy Dexter]] (1748–1806), businessman noted for his writing and eccentricity
* [[Robert Gray Dodge]] (1872–1964), Boston Attorney
* [[Andre Dubus III]] (born 1959), novelist
* [[William Lloyd Garrison]] (1805–1879), abolitionist
* [[Edmund Pike Graves]] (1891–1919), aviator who served as a fighter pilot during [[WWI]] and the [[Polish-Soviet War]]
* [[Áine Greaney]] (born {{circa|1962}}), writer and editor
* [[Adolphus Greely]] (1844–1935), polar explorer
* [[Edwin A. Grosvenor]] (1845–1936), author and professor of history
* [[Laura Coombs Hills]] (1859–1952), painter
* [[Judith Hoag]] (born 1968) actress
* [[Lucy Hooper]] (1816–1841), poet
* [[Charles Tillinghast James]] (1805–1862), mechanical engineer, designer, senator
* [[Benjamin H. Jellison]] (1845–1904), Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War
* [[Joe Keery]] (born 1992), actor
* [[Rufus King]] (1755–1827), diplomat and politician
* [[Thomas B. Lawson]] (1807–1888), artist
* [[Francis Cabot Lowell (businessman)|Francis Cabot Lowell]] (1775–1817), manufacturer
* [[John Lowell]] (1743–1802), congressman and federal judge
* [[George Lunt]] (1803–1885), editor, lawyer, author, politician
* [[John P. Marquand]] (1893–1960), author
* [[Donald McKay]] (1810–1880), shipbuilder
* [[Jonathan Meath]] (born 1955), television producer
* [[Johnny Messner (actor)|Johnny Messner]] (born 1970), actor
* [[Robert S. Mulliken]] (1896–1986), recipient of 1966 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]
* [[Theophilus Parsons]] (1750–1813), jurist
* [[James Parton]] (1822–1891), biographer
* [[Edmund Pearson]] (1880–1937), librarian and true crime writer
* [[Jacob Perkins]] (1766–1849), early American inventor
* [[Timothy Pilsbury]] (1789–1858), congressman from Texas
* [[Harriet Prescott Spofford]] (1835–1921), writer
* [[Charles A. Spring]] (1800–1891), influential [[Presbyterian]] leader in Iowa and Illinois
* [[Gardiner Spring|Rev. Gardiner Spring]] (1785–1873), author of the [[Gardiner Spring Resolutions]], which gained [[Abraham Lincoln]] the support of the Presbyterian Church
* [[Samuel Spring|Rev. Samuel Spring]] (1746–1819), religious leader, chaplain in [[Benedict Arnold]]'s army
* [[Clara F. Stevens]] (1855–1934), English professor at [[Mount Holyoke College]]
* [[Matthew Thornton]] (1714–1803), signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]]
* [[William S. Tilton]] (1828–1889), Civil War brigade commander at the [[Battle of Gettysburg]]
* [[Peter Tolan]] (born 1958), television/film producer and writer
* [[Richard Trefry]], (1924–2023), [[United States Army]] [[lieutenant general (United States)|lieutenant general]].
* [[Charles Henry Turner (painter)|Charles Turner]] (1848–1908), painter, born in Newburyport
* [[Gordon Welchman|William Gordon Welchman]] (1906–1985) English mathematician, university professor, Second World War codebreaker at Bletchley Park, United Kingdom
* [[William Wheelwright]] (1798–1873), sea captain, US consul in [[Chile]], steamship and railroad promoter in South America
* [[Lothrop Withington]] (1856–1915), genealogist, historian, and book editor who was killed in the sinking of the [[RMS Lusitania]]
* [[Martha Wright (actress)|Martha Wright]] (1923–2016), singer and Broadway actress

==See also==
* [[The Daily News of Newburyport]]
* ''[[Following Atticus]]'', 2012 book
* [[Newburyport Public Library]]
* [[List of newspapers in Massachusetts in the 18th century]]: Newburyport

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
; Published in 18th–19th centuries
* {{cite book | last1=Adams | first1=John Quincy | last2=Adams | first2=Charles Francis | title=Life in a New England Town, 1787, 1788. Diary of John Quincy Adams While a student in the office of Theophilus Parsons at Newburyport | url=https://archive.org/details/lifeinnewengland00adam | year=1903 | orig-year=1788 | location=Boston | publisher=Little, Brown and Company | ref=CITEREFAdams1788}}
* {{Citation |publisher = Printed by E.W. Allen |location = Newburyport |title = The history and present state of the town of Newburyport |author = Caleb Cushing |date = 1826 |oclc = 9488117 |ol = 6905508M }}
* {{Citation |publisher = S.G. Drake |location = Boston |title = A sketch of the history of Newbury, Newburyport, and West Newbury, from 1635 to 1845 |author = Joshua Coffin |date = 1845 |oclc = 1556618 |ol = 6905506M }}
* {{cite book | author=Smith, Mrs. E. Vale (Euphemia Vale Blake) | title=History of Newburyport; from the Earliest Settlement of the Country to the Present Time; with a Biographical Appendix | year=2008 | orig-year=1854 | publisher=Newburyport, Massachusetts; Internet Archive | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofnewbury00blak | ref=CITEREFSmith1854}}
* {{cite book |publisher=Sampson, Davenport & Co. |location=Boston |title= Newburyport Directory |year= 1874
|ref= {{harvid|Sampson|1874}}}} Newburyport: Stephen H. Fowle, 1874
* {{cite book | author=Emery, Sarah Smith |title=Reminiscences of a Nonagenarian. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQbHOrNqDhsC&q=intitle:Reminiscences+intitle:of+intitle:a+intitle:Nonagenarian+inauthor:Sarah+inauthor:Smith+inauthor:Emery | year=1879 | location=Newburyport | publisher=Huse & Co.}}
* {{cite book |title=Bibliotheca Americana |editor=Joseph Sabin |editor-link=Joseph Sabin |location= New York |year= 1881 |oclc=13972268 |volume=13 |chapter=Newburyport, Mass. |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofbook13sabi#page/304/mode/1up }}
* {{Citation |publisher = The Society |location = Newburyport |title = Two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of Newbury |author = Robert Noxon Toppan |date = 1885 |oclc = 9488114
|ref= {{harvid|Toppan|1885}}
|ol = 6543064M }}
* {{cite book | author=Hurd, Duane Hamilton, supervisor of compilation | title=History of Essex County, Massachusetts, with Biographical Sketches of Many of the Pioneers and Prominent Men | year=1888 | location=Philadelphia | publisher=J. W. Lewis & Co}} Two volumes, 957 and 1173 pages. Newburyport is in Volume II; however, there are scattered facts throughout. The first half of Volume I is downloadable from Google Books. Republished (1992) by Higginson Book Company, {{ISBN|0-8328-2450-X}}. In that edition, Hurd is called an editor.
* {{Citation |publisher = Damrell and Upham |location = Boston |title = Ould Newbury |author = John J. Currier |date = 1896 |oclc = 2482841 |ol = 6905507M }}

; Published in 20th century
* {{Citation |publisher = Damrell & Upham |location = Boston |title = History of Newbury, Mass., 1635-1902 |author = John J. Currier |date = 1902 |oclc = 2303477 | ref=currier1902 |ol = 6922835M }}
* {{cite book | author=Currier, John J. | title=History of Newburyport, Mass. 1764–1905 with Maps and Illustrations | year=1906|location=Newburyport | publisher=John J. Currier | pages=766 and 679 pages }} Two volumes. Reprints and facsimiles exist.
* Oliver B. Merrill. North End Papers, 1618–1880, Newburyport, Massachusetts. ''Newburyport Daily News'', 1906–1908.
* {{Citation |publisher = J. Currier |location = Newburyport |title = History of Newburyport, Mass., 1764-1909 |author = John J. Currier |date = 1909 |ref= {{harvid|Currier|1909}} }} ([https://books.google.com/books?id=Nr0WAAAAYAAJ v.2])
* {{cite book |title= Maritime History of Massachusetts, 1783–1860 |url= https://archive.org/details/maritimehistory02morigoog |location= Boston |publisher= Houghton Mifflin |year= 1921 |author= Samuel Eliot Morison |chapter= Newburyport and Nantucket |hdl= 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3bz6407p |author-link= Samuel Eliot Morison }}
* {{Citation |location = Boston |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |series=[[American Guide Series]] |title = Massachusetts: a Guide to its Places and People |author = Federal Writers' Project |date = 1937 |chapter=Newburyport |hdl=2027/mdp.39015014440781 |author-link=Federal Writers' Project }}
* Fanny Louise Walton. Historic nuggets of Newburyport. Newburyport, Mass.: Newburyport Press, 1958
* {{Citation |publisher = Harvard University Press |location = Cambridge |title = Poverty and progress: social mobility in a nineteenth century city |author = Stephan Thernstrom |date = 1964 |ol=24748995M |author-link = Stephan Thernstrom }}

; Published in 21st century
* {{Citation |publisher = History Press |location = Charleston, SC |title = Old Newbury |author = Bethany Groff |date = 2008 |isbn=9781596294813 }}
{{Refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.cityofnewburyport.com/ Official Website]
{{wikivoyage|Newburyport}}
* [http://www.newburyportchamber.org Newburyport Chamber of Commerce]
*{{Official website|http://www.cityofnewburyport.com/}}
* [http://www.newburyport01950.com Newburyport Community ''Website'']
* [http://www.newburyportpl.org/ Newburyport Public Library]
* [http://www.esseximages.com/ Essex Images]
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|42.812391|-70.87744}}


{{Massachusetts}}
{{Massachusetts}}
{{Essex County, Massachusetts}}
{{Greater_Boston}}
{{Merrimack River}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Essex County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Historic districts]]


[[de:Newburyport (Massachusetts)]]
[[Category:Newburyport, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:1635 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony]]
[[fr:Newburyport]]
[[Category:Cities in Essex County, Massachusetts]]
[[sv:Newburyport]]
[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1635]]
[[Category:Massachusetts populated places on the Merrimack River]]

Latest revision as of 19:36, 18 December 2024

Newburyport, Massachusetts
City
Official seal of Newburyport, Massachusetts
Location in Essex County and the state of Massachusetts
Location in Essex County and the state of Massachusetts
Newburyport, Massachusetts is located in the United States
Newburyport, Massachusetts
Newburyport, Massachusetts
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 42°48′45″N 70°52′40″W / 42.81250°N 70.87778°W / 42.81250; -70.87778
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyEssex
Settled1635
Incorporated as a town1764
Incorporated as a city1851
Government
 • TypeMayor-council city
 • MayorSean R. Reardon
Area
 • Total
10.71 sq mi (27.74 km2)
 • Land8.35 sq mi (21.63 km2)
 • Water2.36 sq mi (6.11 km2)
Elevation
37 ft (11 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
18,289
 • Density2,190.30/sq mi (845.66/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (Eastern)
ZIP Code
01950
Area code351/978
FIPS code25-45245
GNIS feature ID0614293
Websitewww.cityofnewburyport.com

Newburyport is a coastal city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, 35 miles (56 km) northeast of Boston. The population was 18,289 at the 2020 census.[2] A historic seaport with a vibrant tourism industry, Newburyport includes part of Plum Island. The mooring, winter storage, and maintenance of recreational boats, motor and sail, still contribute a large part of the city's income. A Coast Guard station oversees boating activity, especially in the sometimes dangerous tidal currents of the Merrimack River.

At the edge of the Newbury Marshes, delineating Newburyport to the south, an industrial park provides a wide range of jobs. Newburyport is on a major north–south highway, Interstate 95. The outer circumferential highway of Boston, Interstate 495, passes nearby in Amesbury. The Newburyport Turnpike (U.S. Route 1) still traverses Newburyport on its way north. The Newburyport/Rockport MBTA commuter rail from Boston's North Station terminates in Newburyport. The earlier Boston and Maine Railroad leading farther north was discontinued, but a portion of it has been converted into a recreation trail.

History

[edit]
The Custom House Maritime Museum
The Mary L. Cushing, the last merchant ship built on the Merrimack, docked at the Cushing family pier in Newburyport

On January 28, 1764, the General Court of Massachusetts passed "An act for erecting part of the town of Newbury into a new town by the name of Newburyport."[3] The act begins:

Whereas the town of Newbury is very large, and the inhabitants of that part of it who dwell by the water-side there, as it is commonly called, are mostly merchants, traders, and artificers, and the inhabitants of the other parts of the town are chiefly husbandmen; by means whereof many difficulties and disputes have arisen in managing their public affairs – Be it enacted ... That part of the said town of Newbury ... be and hereby are constituted and made a separate and distinct town ....

The act was approved by Governor Francis Bernard on February 4, 1764. The new town was the smallest in Massachusetts, covering an area of 647 acres (2.62 km2), and had a population of 2,800 living in 357 homes. There were three shipyards, no bridges, and several ferries, one of which at the foot of Greenleaf Lane, now State Street,[4] carried the Portsmouth Flying Stage Coach, running between Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and Boston.[5]

The town prospered and became a city in 1851. Situated near the mouth of the Merrimack River, it was once a fishing, shipbuilding and shipping center, with an industry in silverware manufacture. In 1792, a bridge was built two miles above the town where the river contained an island.[6] Merrimack Arms and Brown Manufacturing Company made Southerner Derringer pistols in their Newburyport factory from 1867 to 1873.[7] The sea captains of old Newburyport (as elsewhere in Massachusetts) had participated vigorously in the triangular trade, importing West Indian molasses and exporting rum made from it. The distilleries were located around Market Square near the waterfront. Caldwell's Old Newburyport rum was manufactured locally until 1961.

As a part of the triangle trade, the first leg of which involved the purchase of slaves from West Africa, many Newburyporters were anti-abolitionists. Massachusetts abolished slavery in 1783, and many runaway slaves found refuge in the state. In the early 1800s, around 6000 runaway slaves were living in Newburyport. In 1850, the fugitive slave act was passed, requiring all US states to capture and return runaway slaves. Because of this, runaways had to flee the country or risk returning to slavery. In this era, some white Newburyporters became stops on the Underground Railroad. As a port city and part of the triangle trade, Newburyport's abolitionists were often mariners. Capt. Alexander Graves, for example, smuggled slaves from the South and to Canada.[8]

Newburyport once had a fishing fleet that operated from Georges Bank to the mouth of the Merrimack River. It was a center for privateering during the Revolutionary War and War of 1812. Beginning about 1832, it added numerous ships to the whaling fleet. Later, clipper ships were built there. Today, the city gives little hint of its former maritime importance. Notably missing are the docks, which are shown on earlier maps extending into the channel of the Merrimack River, and the shipyards, where the waterfront parking lot is currently located.

George Whitefield, the well-known and influential English preacher who helped inspire the First Great Awakening in America, arrived in Newburyport in September 1740. The revival that followed his labors brought into existence Old South Church, where he was buried after his death in 1770.

The city's historical highlights include:

Historic events:

  • First of many clipper ships built here.[9]
  • First "Tea Party" rebellion to oppose British Tea Tax.[10][11]
  • First state mint and treasury building.[12]
  • Newburyport Superior Courthouse, the oldest continuously active courthouse in Massachusetts.

The Newburyport Five Cents Savings Bank on State Street was founded in 1854 and is one of the oldest banks in the United States still in operation.[13]

Historic houses and museums:

  • Cushing House Museum & Garden[14] (c. 1808)
  • Newburyport Custom House Museum[15] (1835), designed by Robert Mills

Literary interests:

Timeline

[edit]
Timeline of Newburyport, Massachusetts
  • 1635: Newbury incorporated.[17]
  • 1761: Belleville Congregational Church founded.[18][19]
  • 1764: Newburyport incorporated (formerly part of Newbury).
  • 1772: Marine Society of Newburyport established.[20]
  • 1773
  • 1790: Population: 4,837.[24]
  • 1793: Impartial Herald newspaper begins publication.[22][23]
  • 1794
    • Morning Star newspaper begins publication.[23]
    • Newburyport Woolen Manufacturing Co. established.[25]
  • 1795
    • Political Gazette newspaper begins publication.[22][23]
    • Merrimack Bank incorporated.[25]
  • 1797: Newburyport Herald newspaper begins publication.[23]
  • 1799: Newburyport Marine Insurance Co. incorporated.[25]
  • 1801: American Intelligencer newspaper published.[23]
  • 1802: Merrimac Humane Society established.[26]
  • 1803
    • Merrimack Gazette and New England Repertory newspapers begin publication.[23]
    • Newburyport Female Charitable Society organized.[25][26]
    • Merrimack Fire and Marine Insurance Co. incorporated.[25]
  • 1804: Political Calendar newspaper begins publication.[23]
  • 1805: Merrimack Magazine begins publication.[23]
  • 1807: Newburyport Gazette newspaper begins publication.[23]
  • 1808: Statesman newspaper begins publication.[23]
  • 1810
    • Newburyport Mechanick Association and Newburyport Athenaeum incorporated.[25]
    • Independent Whig newspaper begins publication.[23]
    • Merrimack Bible Society organized.[25]
  • 1812: Washington Benevolent Society organized.[25]
  • 1818: Howard Benevolent Society instituted "for the relief of the sick and destitute."[26]
  • 1825: Newburyport Hosiery Co. established.[25]
  • 1829: Newburyport Lyceum organized.[25]
  • 1835
  • 1836
    • Newburyport Linnean Society and Newburyport Steam Cotton Co. incorporated.[25]
    • Newburyport Silk Co.[25] and Newburyport Ladies' Bethel Society[26] established.
  • 1837: Bartlet Steam Mills incorporated.[25]
  • 1840: Pleasant Street Christian Church organized.[26]
  • 1841: Essex North District Medical Society organized.[26]
  • 1842: James Steam Mills incorporated.[25]
  • 1844: Essex Steam Mills incorporated.[25]
  • 1845: Globe Steam Mills and Ocean Steam Mills incorporated.[25]
  • 1850
    • Ladies' General Charitable Society instituted.[26]
    • Newburyport Gas Co. incorporated.[25]
  • 1851: June 18: Essex North Musical convention held.[25]
  • 1852: Merrimack Library Association organized.[25]
  • 1854
  • 1855: Newburyport Library Association organized.[25]
  • 1857: Mechanic Library Association incorporated.[25]
  • 1865: Washington Street Methodist Episcopal Church organized.[26]
  • 1869: Merrimack Marine Railway Co. incorporated.[25]
  • 1874: Newburyport Mutual Benefit Association organized.[26]
  • 1877: Antiquarian and Historical Society of Old Newbury established.[25][28][29]
  • 1878: Newburyport Athenaeum organized.[25]
  • 1884: Newburyport YMCA incorporated.[25]
  • 1886: Newburyport Society for the Relief of Aged Men incorporated.[25]
  • 1887: Newburyport Electric Light & Power Co. incorporated.[25]
  • 1888: Daily News established.
  • 1890
    • YWCA of Newburyport incorporated.[25]
    • City Improvement society organized.[25]
  • 1896: Newburyport Choral Union organized.[25]
  • 1904: South End Reading Room Association formed.[25]
  • 1906: Newburyport Homeoepathic Hospital opens.[25]
  • 1917: Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church of Newburyport founded.
  • 1968: Newburyport Maritime Society established.[27]
  • 1971: Market Square Historic District added to National Register of Historic Places.
  • 1971-1979: Downtown undergoes major renewal and historic preservation effort.
  • 1991: Actors Studio of Newburyport founded.[30][31]
  • 1994: Sister city relationship established with Bura, Taita-Taveta District, Kenya.[32][33]

Historic preservation

[edit]

Despite its former prosperity, in the 1950s and 1960s Newburyport's center fell into disrepair because of several factors, most notably strip malls taking away from local business and increased use of the automobile. At this time, construction of major highways brought larger cities such as Lawrence and Lowell into shopping range. Consequently, by 1970, Newburyport's historic downtown section was scheduled to be razed prior to reconstruction with federal money. Ideas to rebuild the city's downtown were numerous, ranging from hotels and new stores to, ironically, a strip mall, with few buildings left for historical reasons. At the last moment, however, the city changed its mind and signed a federal grant that allowed it to keep most of its historic architecture. Renovation and restoration began during the early 1970s, and continued throughout most of the decade, initially along State Street, and culminating with creation of a pedestrian mall along Inn Street. Newburyport is often cited as an example by preservationists of how to maintain a city's architecture and heritage, while still having it remain functional and liveable.

Geography

[edit]
Hunter in the Meadows of Old Newburyport, Massachusetts, c. 1873, Alfred Thompson Bricher. The scene appears to be in the vicinity of the Little River. Route 1 offered the major overlook easily accessible to artists. In the far right can be seen the ridge of the right bank of the Merrimack over which High Street runs. Cattle have been turned into the marsh for pasture, a practice still allowed on some marsh farms of the area.

Newburyport is located at 42°48′45″N 70°52′39″W / 42.81250°N 70.87750°W / 42.81250; -70.87750 (42.812391, −70.877440).[34] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.6 square miles (27 km2), of which 8.4 square miles (22 km2) is land and 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2) (20.77%) is water.

The city is part of Massachusetts' North Shore; Newburyport was laid out on the elevated south bank of the Merrimack River between the river and Newbury marshes. The shipyards, now boatyards (and still vigorously active), extended along the bank at the edge of the river. They were connected by Merrimac Street, which ends upriver where the bank merges into bluffs covered with pine forest. Colonial residences extend up the bank from Merrimac Street to High Street running parallel to it near the top of the ridge. The homes of the seafaring entrepreneurs line High Street. Many feature widow's walks, structures on the roof where the residents could watch for the return of sailing vessels. Nearly every home maintains a splendid flower garden, most dating to colonial times. Various cross streets, such as State Street, Green Street and Market Street, connect Merrimac Street and High Street. The top of the ridge proved an ideal location for later institutions, such as Newburyport High School and nearby Anna Jaques Hospital. The ridge drops more sharply to the marsh on the other side. Along its margin a third parallel street developed, Low Street.

The river bank gradually descends to marshes at Joppa Flats beyond downtown Newburyport. The Plum Island Turnpike was pushed out over the marsh on a causeway to a narrow part of the Plum Island River just to the south of where it connects to the mouth of the Merrimack. A drawbridge was built there, the only access to the island by road. On the Newburyport side a small airport, Plum Island Airport, was built at the edge of the marsh. The portion of Plum Island that is in the city has no direct access to the rest of the city; similarly, there is no access between the mainland and Woodbridge Island or Seal Island, west of Plum Island (the latter being shared between Newburyport and Newbury). Several parks and beaches dot the city, including Plum Island Point Beach, Simmons Beach, Joppa Park, Waterfront Park, Woodman Park, Cashman Park, Moseley Pines Park and Atkinson Common and March's Hill Park. Newburyport Forest is located in the southwest corner of the city, and Maudslay State Park lies along the northwest part of the city, along the banks of the Merrimack.

Newburyport is located 37 miles (60 km) north-northeast of Boston, 19 miles (31 km) east-northeast of Lawrence, and 21 miles (34 km) south-southeast of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Situated 5 miles (8 km) south of the New Hampshire border, the city is bordered by the Gulf of Maine (Atlantic Ocean) to the east, Newbury to the south and southeast, West Newbury to the west and southwest, Amesbury to the north and northwest, and Salisbury to the northeast.

Neighborhoods

[edit]

Joppa: Joppa is bordered by Newbury to the southeast, the South End to the southwest, and Downtown to the Northwest. This is the closest neighborhood to Plum Island Airport located in Newbury.

South End: The South End is bordered by Newbury to the south, Joppa to the northeast, and downtown to the northwest. The border between the South End and Joppa is just behind Hancock Street, Chestnut Street and part of Prospect Street.

Plum Island: The Newburyport neighborhood on North end of Plum Island is geographically isolated from the rest of Newburyport but served by Newburyport services and schools. It features Plum Island Point, a popular spot for fishing and recreation, and the Plum Island Lighthouse,[35] built in 1838.

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Newburyport, Massachusetts (2000–2016 normals, rainfall/snowfall 1991–2020; extremes 1911–2016)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 71
(22)
67
(19)
85
(29)
94
(34)
100
(38)
97
(36)
100
(38)
98
(37)
96
(36)
86
(30)
75
(24)
70
(21)
100
(38)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 55
(13)
54
(12)
65
(18)
83
(28)
88
(31)
92
(33)
94
(34)
92
(33)
90
(32)
79
(26)
69
(21)
60
(16)
96
(36)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 33.2
(0.7)
36.2
(2.3)
44.5
(6.9)
56.6
(13.7)
66.5
(19.2)
75.0
(23.9)
82.3
(27.9)
81.0
(27.2)
74.1
(23.4)
61.9
(16.6)
51.5
(10.8)
40.2
(4.6)
58.6
(14.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 24.2
(−4.3)
26.5
(−3.1)
34.9
(1.6)
45.6
(7.6)
55.9
(13.3)
64.9
(18.3)
71.8
(22.1)
70.1
(21.2)
63.1
(17.3)
51.6
(10.9)
41.8
(5.4)
31.6
(−0.2)
48.5
(9.2)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 15.2
(−9.3)
16.8
(−8.4)
25.3
(−3.7)
34.6
(1.4)
45.3
(7.4)
54.9
(12.7)
61.3
(16.3)
59.2
(15.1)
52.1
(11.2)
41.3
(5.2)
32.2
(0.1)
23.0
(−5.0)
38.4
(3.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −2
(−19)
2
(−17)
8
(−13)
25
(−4)
32
(0)
44
(7)
53
(12)
50
(10)
39
(4)
29
(−2)
19
(−7)
9
(−13)
−4
(−20)
Record low °F (°C) −12
(−24)
−12
(−24)
−2
(−19)
19
(−7)
28
(−2)
39
(4)
48
(9)
46
(8)
32
(0)
25
(−4)
12
(−11)
−2
(−19)
−12
(−24)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.68
(93)
3.63
(92)
4.72
(120)
4.45
(113)
4.11
(104)
4.27
(108)
3.51
(89)
3.49
(89)
3.90
(99)
5.15
(131)
3.99
(101)
4.86
(123)
49.76
(1,262)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 18.0
(46)
16.1
(41)
13.4
(34)
1.8
(4.6)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.1
(0.25)
1.4
(3.6)
11.1
(28)
61.9
(157.45)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 11.0
(28)
12.0
(30)
10.0
(25)
2.0
(5.1)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
1.0
(2.5)
7.0
(18)
18.0
(46)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 11.5 9.3 11.6 10.9 12.0 11.9 10.2 9.4 9.1 10.6 10.4 11.5 128.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 6.9 5.3 4.6 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 4.5 23.2
Source: NOAA[36][37]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
17904,837—    
18005,946+22.9%
18107,634+28.4%
18206,852−10.2%
18306,375−7.0%
18407,161+12.3%
18509,572+33.7%
186013,401+40.0%
187012,595−6.0%
188013,538+7.5%
189013,947+3.0%
190014,478+3.8%
191014,949+3.3%
192015,618+4.5%
193015,084−3.4%
194013,916−7.7%
195014,111+1.4%
196014,004−0.8%
197015,807+12.9%
198015,900+0.6%
199016,317+2.6%
200017,189+5.3%
201017,416+1.3%
202018,289+5.0%
2023*18,731+2.4%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]
Source:
U.S. Decennial Census[50]

As of the census[51] of 2010, there were 17,416 people, 8,264 households, and 4,428 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,086.2 inhabitants per square mile (805.5/km2). There were 7,897 housing units at an average density of 942.0 per square mile (363.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.2% White, 3.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.16% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.7% of the population. The top five ethnic groups are:[52] (United States 2010 Census quickfacts)

  • Irish – 25%
  • English – 16%
  • Italian – 11%
  • French (except Basque) – 7%
  • German – 6%

There were 7,519 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.1% were non-families. Of all households, 33.1% were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $78,557, and the median income for a family was $103,306. Males had a median income of $51,831 versus $37,853 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,187. About 2.8% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.5% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Government

[edit]

Upon adopting a new charter in 2011 which took effect in 2013, Newburyport has been run by a mayor with a four-year term and an eleven-member City Council (prior to that, the mayor's term lasted for two years). During the mid-twentieth century, Newburyport enjoyed a typical "small community" approach, conducted, most notably, by city mayor and activist Ed Molin, who died in 2005. The current mayor of Newburyport is Sean Reardon, and the next election year for mayor is 2025.

Newburyport is part of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Essex district.[53]

Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 15, 2008[54]
Party Number of voters Percentage
Democratic 4,058 31.42%
Republican 1,700 13.16%
Unaffiliated 7,095 54.94%
Libertarian 61 0.47%
Total 12,914 100%

Transportation

[edit]

Interstate 95 passes through the western side of town, with one exit at Route 113. Route 113 itself has its eastern terminus at U.S. Route 1 and Massachusetts Route 1A, with Route 1A continuing along the same right of way as 113 towards Newbury. Route 1 and 1A cross the river along the Newburyport Turnpike Bridge; it had originally followed State Street and ended at Merrimac and Water Streets before crossing the river via ferry to Salisbury. The Turnpike Bridge is the easternmost crossing of the Merrimack; upstream the river is crossed by the Newburyport Railroad Bridge (just west of the Turnpike Bridge), the Chain Bridge, one of the oldest bridges along the river, and the Whittier Memorial Bridge, which brings Interstate 95 to Amesbury.

The Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority provides regular bus service between the city and Haverhill, which includes access to the commuter rail station in Newburyport. The bus is free as of March 2023. Newburyport is the northern terminus of the Newburyport/Rockport Line of the MBTA Commuter Rail system, providing access through several North Shore cities to Boston's North Station.[55]

Plum Island Airport is a privately owned general aviation airport located within the city limits. It is open to the public and managed by Plum Island Aerodrome, Inc., a not-for-profit organization.[56] The nearest scheduled commercial air service can be found at Boston's Logan International Airport, Worcester's Worcester Regional Airport, Portsmouth's Pease International Tradeport or Manchester's Manchester-Boston Regional Airport.

Education

[edit]
Newburyport High School

The current site of Newburyport High School was purchased from Alice L. Atkinson in 1935, and the deed was recorded at the Southern Essex County Registry of Deeds as Book 3030, Page 279 in March 1935.[57]

Newburyport High School is one of the oldest public high schools in the United States.

Newburyport is served by several public schools, belonging to the Newburyport School District, and several private schools.

  • Francis T. Bresnahan Lower Elementary School: pre-kindergarten to grade 3
  • Edward G. Molin Upper Elementary School: grades 4 and 5
  • Rupert A. Nock Middle School: grades 6 to 8
  • Newburyport High School: grades 9 to 12
  • River Valley Charter School: grades kindergarten to 8
  • Immaculate Conception Catholic School: grades pre-kindergarten to 8
  • Newburyport Montessori School: pre-kindergarten and kindergarten

On Monday, November 4, 2019, the Newburyport School Committee unanimously (with one member absent) voted to implement a Start School Later policy, the first of the Cape Ann League to do so.

The times will be:

  • Francis T. Bresnahan Lower Elementary School: pre-kindergarten to grade 3; 8:20–2:50
  • Edward G. Molin Upper Elementary School: grades 4 and 5; and Rupert A. Nock Middle School: grades 6 to 8; 7:45–2:15
  • Newburyport High School: grades 9 to 12; 8:15–2:45

Newburyport is served by the Newburyport Public Library, part of the Merrimack Valley Library Consortium.

Newburyport High School competes in the Cape Ann League, an athletic conference in District A of the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association. The athletics program offers a variety of sports for girls and boys during the fall, winter, and spring seasons. The school colors are Crimson and Old Gold and the mascot is a Clipper Ship.

Fall Winter Spring
Field Hockey Basketball Baseball
Football Indoor Track Softball
Soccer Ice Hockey Lacrosse
Golf Ski Racing (Co-op with Georgetown High School) Spring Track
Volleyball Swim (Co-op with Triton Regional High School) Tennis
Cross Country Wrestling (Co-op with Pentucket High School)
Cheerleading Cheerleading

Activities

[edit]
Waterfront boardwalk on a winter night

Newburyport makes activities available for its residents, including a year-round ice skating rink and a beautiful waterfront and boardwalk. Many Newburyport residents love boating, fishing, swimming, and other water sports. The city's picturesque downtown shopping district also makes it a great location to enjoy boutique shopping. The city sponsors several youth sports leagues, including baseball, football, soccer, lacrosse, basketball, and hockey. The city's youth services program also provides classes, campouts, and activities in robotics, music, rock climbing, chess, fencing, sewing, dance, skateboarding, judo, academics, cooking, yoga, cheerleading, art, fashion design, photography, biking, and frisbee.

Annual events

[edit]

Yankee Homecoming

[edit]

Yankee Homecoming, run not by the city, but by the non-profit Yankee Homecoming, Inc., is the annual festival celebrating the natives coming home to Newburyport. The event was initiated in 1957 by native Newburyporter George Cashman, who sought to stimulate the economy and lift the spirit of the citizens.

It lasts one week. The first Sunday of the festival, known as "Olde Fashioned Sunday", is celebrated at the Bartlet Mall in Newburyport, and features many activities, including an art show, an appearance by the city's oldest fire engine, the "Neptune #8", and the participation of many local businesses. There is also an antique car parade. Each Yankee Homecoming features a grand marshal and numerous street vendors.

The festival includes eight days and over 200 events. There are concerts every night at Market Landing Park. Other popular events include the Newburyport Lions' 10-mile (16 km) and 5-kilometer road races, which run through the city's downtown streets and neighborhoods. There is also a 45-minute fireworks show on Saturday night, which is followed the concluding Sunday by the famous Yankee Homecoming parade.

First held in 1958, Newburyport's "Yankee Homecoming" is the second-oldest homecoming festival in the United States. Many charities raise their funds during this time.

Waterfront Concert Series

[edit]

This was held Friday evenings in Waterfront Park in downtown Newburyport, these free concerts were intended for all ages. The concerts were presented by the Newburyport Chamber of Commerce and the Waterfront Trust and were sponsored by a local insurance agency, Arthur S Page Insurance.

Newburyport Literary Festival

[edit]

Held during the last weekend of April, the Newburyport Literary Festival was started in 2006 as a new effort by the city to increase interest in reading and literary arts. Many local authors are invited to sign and chat about their books, and schoolchildren create projects to show to an author who visits their school. Among the authors who regularly visit are Andre Dubus III, Tess Gerritsen, and Rhina Espaillat.

Newburyport Chamber Music Festival

[edit]

Held towards the beginning of August, the Newburyport Chamber Music Festival was founded in 2001 by resident Jane Niebling and Philadelphia violist David Yang. For the duration of the festival, exceptional international artists are embedded in the community, giving many concerts but also holding open rehearsals in public places, chamber music reading parties in local homes (“hausmusiks”), a free family concert, a lecture on the summer's repertoire, and a world premiere of a newly commissioned work often based on the culture, history, or landscape of the region. Prominent composers who have written for the festival include Jon Deak, Eric Ewazen, Jay Reise, and others.

Sister Cities

[edit]

Newburyport has the following sister cities

 Bura, Kenya

Points of interest

[edit]
Atkinson Common in 1908

Over the years, the town has cultivated a significant tourist population. The quaint downtown shopping center includes businesses that appeal to all ages. Local businesses and restaurants surround Market Square and along State Street. During festivals throughout the year, visitors are invited to enjoy concerts, food, and entertainment. An old mill building on Liberty Street is home to other small businesses and a local farmers' market during both the summer and winter seasons. The historic area has a charming feel and upbeat atmosphere.

High Street is a remarkable street of fine old Federal-style houses, linking the Atkinson Common (1893–1894) with the Bartlett Mall, site of the Charles Bulfinch-designed Essex County Superior Courthouse (1805). Laid out in 1801, the Bartlett Mall was redesigned in the 1880s by noted Boston landscape architect Charles Eliot, with later improvements by Arthur Shurcliff.

First Presbyterian Church dates from 1756. The clock tower bell was cast by Paul Revere. One of the most famous individuals in 18th-century America, evangelist George Whitefield, before dying in Newburyport in 1770, asked that his remains be buried under the pulpit of the "Old South" church, and they are there to this day.

Some other points of interest are the city's historic waterfront, Atwood Park located at the south end of Newburyport, Market Square & Inn Street, Cashman Park, and Brown Square, graced with a statue to "Garrison the Liberator", before the City Hall. The recently restored City Hall itself is a fine old building featuring in the first-floor corridor a portrait gallery of some of those who have fallen in service of their country. Others are listed on the central monument in Atkinson Common.

[edit]

Newburyport was the inspiration for the city of Innsmouth, the setting of the H. P. Lovecraft story The Shadow Over Innsmouth, part of the Cthulhu Mythos. The narrative also cameos the actual Newburyport in the first chapter. It is where the protagonist sets out from on his journey to Innsmouth.[58] It was mentioned in Stephen King's, "Doctor Sleep,". Also, the 2019 Goldsmiths Prize winner, Ducks, Newburyport, featured the city.

Notable people

[edit]
Meetinghouse of the First Religious Society (Unitarian), built 1801

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  2. ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Newburyport city, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 25, 2021.
  3. ^ Currier 1902, p. 267.
  4. ^ Currier, John (1902). History of Newbury, MA 1635–1902. Boston: Damrell & Upham. pp. 241–242.
  5. ^ Currier (1906) pages 5, 27–29.
  6. ^ Morse, Jedidiah. (1804). The American gazetteer: exhibiting a full account of the civil divisions, rivers, harbors, Indian tribes, &c. of the American continent, also of the West India and other appendant islands: with a particular description of Louisiana. 2nd edition. Charlestown, Massachusetts: Printed by and for Samuel Etheridge, and Thomas and Andrews. p. 359. The Internet Archive website
  7. ^ James, Garry American Rifleman (June 2012) p.88
  8. ^ "How a white chimney in Hanover led to some truths about the Underground Railroad in Boston". GBH. February 8, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  9. ^ "Why Newburyport is called, 'Clipper City'". Brick and Tree. May 13, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
  10. ^ Cutter, William Richard (January 1, 1921). American Biography: A New Cyclopedia. Pub. under the direction of the American historical society.
  11. ^ Wright, John Hardy (November 1, 1999). Newburyport. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738563336.
  12. ^ Crosby, Sylvester Sage (January 1, 1875). The Early Coins of America: And the Laws Governing Their Issue. Comprising Also Descriptions of the Washington Pieces, the Anglo-American Tokens, Many Pieces of Unknown Origin, of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, and the First Patterns of the United States Mint. The author.
  13. ^ "Company Overview of Newburyport Five Cents Savings Bank". Bloomberg News. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  14. ^ "Cushing House Museum & Garden". The Historical Society of Old Newbury. April 6, 2002. Archived from the original on April 6, 2002. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  15. ^ "Newburyport Custom House Museum". Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  16. ^ "Guide to Lovecraftian Sites in Massachusetts". October 2012. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  17. ^ Toppan 1885.
  18. ^ "History". Newburyport: Belleville Congregational Church.
  19. ^ Daniel Taggart Fiske. An historical discourse commemorative of the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of the Belleville Congregational Church, Newburyport, Mass., delivered on Thanksgiving Day, November 25, 1858. E.P. Dutton & Co., 1859
  20. ^ Acts of incorporation and by-laws of the marine society of Newburyport, in Massachusetts, Newburyport, MA: Printed by Whitton & Hale, 1846
  21. ^ Thomas, Isaiah (1874). History of printing in America (2nd ed.).
  22. ^ a b c "Eighteenth-Century American Newspapers in the Library of Congress: Massachusetts". Library of Congress. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Brigham, Clarence S. (October 1915). "Bibliography of American newspapers, 1690-1820; part 4: Massachusetts (except Boston)". Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society. 25 (2): 396–501.
  24. ^ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Currier 1909.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Sampson 1874.
  27. ^ a b "About Us". Custom House Museum. Archived from the original on July 4, 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  28. ^ Andrew McFarland Davis (February 1893), "Historical work in Massachusetts", Transactions, Colonial Society of Massachusetts
  29. ^ "Historical Society of Old Newbury". Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  30. ^ "About Us". Actors Studio of Newburyport. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  31. ^ "Member Directory". Eastern Massachusetts Association of Community Theatres. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  32. ^ "Newburyport Bura Alliance". Archived from the original on June 3, 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  33. ^ "Out of Amesbury and Newburyport to Africa, and Back", Boston Globe, January 30, 2000
  34. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  35. ^ "Plum Island (Newburyport Harbor) Lighthouse". New England Lighthouses and Coastal Attractions. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
  36. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
  37. ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Newburyport, MA". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  38. ^ "Total Population (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
  39. ^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  40. ^ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  41. ^ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  42. ^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  43. ^ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  44. ^ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  45. ^ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  46. ^ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  47. ^ "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  48. ^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). 1: Number of Inhabitants. Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21–7 through 21-09, Massachusetts Table 4. The population of Urban Places of 10,000 or more from Earliest Census to 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  49. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  50. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  51. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  52. ^ Newburyport - Newburyport - Ancestry & family history Archived April 7, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. ePodunk. Retrieved on August 2, 2013.
  53. ^ Massachusetts General Court, "An Act Establishing Executive Councillor and Senatorial Districts", Session Laws: Acts (2011), retrieved April 15, 2020
  54. ^ "Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 15, 2008" (PDF). Massachusetts Elections Division. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  55. ^ Authority, Massachusetts Bay Transportation. "Newburyport/Rockport Line - Commuter Rail - MBTA". www.mbta.com. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
  56. ^ "Plum Island Aerodrome". www.plumislandaerodrome.org. Retrieved May 22, 2016.
  57. ^ "Mount Rural and Newburyport High School". History of Newburyport. Retrieved June 16, 2024. History compiled from "History of Newburyport, Mass: Volume 2," by John J. Currier and Salem Deeds.
  58. ^ Lovecraft, H. P. (1936). The Shadow over Innsmouth. Visionary Publishing Company. p. 1.

Bibliography

[edit]
Published in 18th–19th centuries
Published in 20th century
Published in 21st century
  • Bethany Groff (2008), Old Newbury, Charleston, SC: History Press, ISBN 9781596294813
[edit]