Exploding Plastic Inevitable: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Series of multimedia events by Andy Warhol}} |
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[[File:Exploding_Plastic_Inevitable_NYC_poster.jpg|thumb|right|1966 promotional poster for the ''Exploding Plastic Inevitable'' month-long performance at 23 St. Marks Place in New York City]] |
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| ⚫ | The '''''Exploding Plastic Inevitable''''', sometimes simply called '''''Plastic Inevitable''''' or '''''EPI''''', was a series of [[multimedia]] events organized by [[Andy Warhol]] in 1966 and 1967, featuring musical performances by [[The Velvet Underground]] and [[Nico]], screenings of Warhol's films, and dancing and |
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| ⚫ | The '''''Exploding Plastic Inevitable''''', sometimes simply called '''''Plastic Inevitable''''' or '''''EPI''''', was a series of [[multimedia]] [[gesamtkunstwerk]] events organized by [[Andy Warhol]] and [[Paul Morrissey]] in 1966 and 1967, featuring musical performances by [[The Velvet Underground]] and [[Nico]], screenings of Warhol's [[Andy Warhol filmography|films]], such as [[Eat (film)|''Eat'']], and dancing and mime [[performance art]] by regulars of Warhol's [[The Factory|Factory]], especially [[Mary Woronov]] and [[Gerard Malanga]]. In December 1966 Warhol included a one-off magazine called ''The Plastic Exploding Inevitable'' as part of the ''[[Aspen (magazine)|Aspen]]'' No. 3 package.<ref name=Aspen>{{Cite journal|title=From the research laboratories of Andy Warhol comes this issue of Aspen Magazine |date=April 1967 |url=http://www.ubu.com/aspen/advertisements/aspen3Ad.html |journal=[[Evergreen Review]] |volume=11 |issue=46}}</ref> |
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''Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable'' is also the title of an 18-minute film by Ronald Nameth with recordings from one week of performances of the shows which were filmed at Poor Richard's nightclub in [[Chicago, Illinois]], in 1966. |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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In 1963, Warhol was part of a [[rock band]] called [[The Druds]] along with Patty and [[Claes Oldenberg]], [[Lucas Samaras]], [[Jasper Johns]], [[Walter De Maria]], [[La Monte Young]], and [[Larry Poons]]. This project, albeit short-lived, demonstrates Warhol’s early engagement with performing music.<ref>[https://msmokemusic.com/blog/blog/1966-any-warhol-s-plastic-exploding-inevitable] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable</ref> |
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The ''Exploding Plastic Inevitable'' had its beginnings in an event staged on January 13, 1966, at a dinner for the New York Society for Clinical Psychiatry. This event, called "Up-Tight", included performances by the Velvet Underground and Nico, along with Malanga and [[Edie Sedgwick]] as dancers<ref name=BWJ>{{Cite journal|first=Branden W. |last=Joseph |authorlink=Branden W. Joseph |date=Summer 2002 |title='My Mind Split Open': Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable |journal=[[Grey Room]] |volume=8 |pages=80–107 |doi=10.1162/15263810260201616}}</ref> and [[Barbara Rubin]] as a performance artist.<ref name="blaetz">{{cite book|last1=Osterweil|first1=Ara|last2=Blaetz|first2=Robin, editor|title=Women's Experimental Cinema: Critical Frameworks|date=2007|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=9780822340447|page=143}}</ref> Inaugural shows were held at the Dom in [[New York City]] in April 1966, advertised in ''[[The Village Voice]]'' as follows: "The Silver Dream Factory Presents The Exploding Plastic Inevitable with Andy Warhol/The Velvet Underground/and Nico."<ref name=MT>{{Cite book|first=Martin |last=Torgoff |authorlink=Martin Torgoff |title=Can't Find My Way Home: America in the Great Stoned Age, 1945–2000 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |location=[[New York City]] |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/cantfindmywayhom00torg/page/156 156] |url=https://archive.org/details/cantfindmywayhom00torg |url-access=registration |quote=the silver dream factory. |isbn=0-7432-3010-8 |oclc=54349574}}</ref> Shows were also held in ''The Gymnasium'' in New York and in various cities throughout the [[United States]] and [[Canada]].<ref> http://repository.brynmawr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1071%26context%3Dhart_pubs&ved=2ahUKEwio_urR8pznAhUFi1wKHbtsCDcQFjASegQIBxAB&usg=AOvVaw3e3xUWHFevk-jUzcLvEtxr </ref> |
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The ''Exploding Plastic Inevitable'' had its beginnings in an event staged on January 13, 1966, at a dinner in the [[Delmonico Hotel]] for the New York Society for [[Clinical psychology|Clinical Psychiatry]]. This event, called ''Up-Tight'', included performances by the [[Velvet Underground]] and [[Nico]], along with Malanga and [[Edie Sedgwick]] as dancers<ref name=BWJ>{{Cite journal|first=Branden W. |last=Joseph |author-link=Branden W. Joseph |date=Summer 2002 |title='My Mind Split Open': Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable |journal=[[Grey Room]] |volume=8 |pages=80–107 |doi=10.1162/15263810260201616|s2cid=57560227 }}</ref> and [[Barbara Rubin]] as a [[performance art]]ist.<ref name="blaetz">{{cite book|editor-last1=Blaetz|editor-first1=Robin| title=Women's Experimental Cinema: Critical Frameworks|date=2007|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=9780822340447|page=143}}</ref> |
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The first public EPI [[Happening]], conceived of as a total immersion into a multimedia environment where the audience becomes part of the performance, was a 1966 month-long (April) performance at a Polish dance hall at 23 St. Marks Place in New York City called Polski Dom Narodowy (rechristened The Dom). That space would later become the [[Electric Circus (nightclub)|Electric Circus]]. The Exploding Plastic Inevitable was advertised in ''[[The Village Voice]]'' as follows: "The Silver Dream Factory Presents The Exploding Plastic Inevitable with Andy Warhol/The Velvet Underground/and Nico."<ref name=MT>{{Cite book|first=Martin |last=Torgoff |author-link=Martin Torgoff |title=Can't Find My Way Home: America in the Great Stoned Age, 1945–2000 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |location=[[New York City]] |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/cantfindmywayhom00torg/page/156 156] |url=https://archive.org/details/cantfindmywayhom00torg |url-access=registration |quote=the silver dream factory. |isbn=0-7432-3010-8 |oclc=54349574}}</ref> For it, Warhol and [[Paul Morrissey]] rented The Dom<ref>https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/ingrid-superstar-gerard-malanga-paul-morrissey-and-sterling-morrison-discuss-exploding] ingrid superstar gerard malanga paul morrissey and sterling morrison discuss EPI</ref> from the two [[light art]]ists, Rudy Stern and Jackie Cassen,<ref>Warhol, A. and Hackett, P. 1980. POPism: The Warhol' 60s. London: Hutchinson, p. 156</ref> and had it painted white so that movies and slide projections could be cast on the walls in [[wallpaper]]-like fashion. Five movie projectors were utilized along with five carousel-type slide projectors which could each change an image every ten seconds. Slides were projected directly onto the films, whose sound tracks would sometimes be played, and thus blend in with the lengthy live atonal [[Velvet Underground]] improvisations and their dark, provocative songs like "All Tomorrow's Parties", "Heroin", "I'm Waiting for the Man", "Venus in Furs", and "Sister Ray".<ref>[https://msmokemusic.com/blog/blog/1966-any-warhol-s-plastic-exploding-inevitable] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable</ref> A [[Disco ball|mirror ball]] also was utilized along with [[stage lighting instrument|spot lights]] and [[strobe light]]s.<ref>Warhol, A. and Hackett, P. 1980. ''POPism: The Warhol' 60s''. London: Hutchinson, p. 156</ref> |
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E.P.I. shows, a barrage of flashing lights, multi-screened films, sadomasochistic mime, and [[noise music]] amplified into distortion, were later held in ''The Gymnasium'' in [[New York City]] and in various cities throughout [[Canada]] and the [[United States]]; including [[Chicago]], [[Boston]], [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]], [[Columbus, Ohio]], [[Leicester, Massachusetts]], [[Cleveland]], [[Provincetown, Massachusetts]], [[Los Angeles]], and [[San Francisco]] where when asked to explain the Exploding Plastic Inevitable Warhol simply said that it's a [[gesamtkunstwerk|totality]].<ref>[https://msmokemusic.com/blog/blog/1966-any-warhol-s-plastic-exploding-inevitable] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable</ref> |
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The Exploding Plastic Inevitable performed for the last time their sophisticated yet brutal mixture of film, art, loud music, hip fashion and new technology in May 1967, at [[Steve Paul]]'s [[The Scene (performance venue)|The Scene]] club in New York.<ref>[https://msmokemusic.com/blog/blog/1966-any-warhol-s-plastic-exploding-inevitable] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable</ref> |
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==Legacy== |
==Legacy== |
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[[Andy Warhol]]'s lights engineer Danny Williams pioneered many innovations that have since become standard practice in rock music light |
[[Andy Warhol]]'s lights engineer Danny Williams pioneered many innovations that have since become standard practice in [[rock music]] [[liquid light show]]s. From May 27–29 the EPI played [[The Fillmore]] in San Francisco, where Williams built a light show including [[stroboscope]]s, slides and film projections onstage.<ref>{{cite web |last1=King |first1=Homay |title=Moving On: Andy Warhol and the Exploding Plastic Inevitable |url=http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p509682_index.html |access-date=30 December 2019 |date=2014-11-25}}</ref> At [[Bill Graham (promoter)|Bill Graham]]'s request he was soon to come back and build more. Film maker [[Jonas Mekas]] (who pioneered film projections during concerts at New York's Cinematheque), Andy Warhol and Danny Williams' influential ideas contributed much to the legendary Fillmore Auditorium's prestige and were also used at the [[Fillmore East]] and [[Fillmore West]], both opening in 1968. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 17:09, 7 December 2024
The Exploding Plastic Inevitable, sometimes simply called Plastic Inevitable or EPI, was a series of multimedia gesamtkunstwerk events organized by Andy Warhol and Paul Morrissey in 1966 and 1967, featuring musical performances by The Velvet Underground and Nico, screenings of Warhol's films, such as Eat, and dancing and mime performance art by regulars of Warhol's Factory, especially Mary Woronov and Gerard Malanga. In December 1966 Warhol included a one-off magazine called The Plastic Exploding Inevitable as part of the Aspen No. 3 package.[1]
Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable is also the title of an 18-minute film by Ronald Nameth with recordings from one week of performances of the shows which were filmed at Poor Richard's nightclub in Chicago, Illinois, in 1966.
Background
[edit]In 1963, Warhol was part of a rock band called The Druds along with Patty and Claes Oldenberg, Lucas Samaras, Jasper Johns, Walter De Maria, La Monte Young, and Larry Poons. This project, albeit short-lived, demonstrates Warhol’s early engagement with performing music.[2]
The Exploding Plastic Inevitable had its beginnings in an event staged on January 13, 1966, at a dinner in the Delmonico Hotel for the New York Society for Clinical Psychiatry. This event, called Up-Tight, included performances by the Velvet Underground and Nico, along with Malanga and Edie Sedgwick as dancers[3] and Barbara Rubin as a performance artist.[4]
The first public EPI Happening, conceived of as a total immersion into a multimedia environment where the audience becomes part of the performance, was a 1966 month-long (April) performance at a Polish dance hall at 23 St. Marks Place in New York City called Polski Dom Narodowy (rechristened The Dom). That space would later become the Electric Circus. The Exploding Plastic Inevitable was advertised in The Village Voice as follows: "The Silver Dream Factory Presents The Exploding Plastic Inevitable with Andy Warhol/The Velvet Underground/and Nico."[5] For it, Warhol and Paul Morrissey rented The Dom[6] from the two light artists, Rudy Stern and Jackie Cassen,[7] and had it painted white so that movies and slide projections could be cast on the walls in wallpaper-like fashion. Five movie projectors were utilized along with five carousel-type slide projectors which could each change an image every ten seconds. Slides were projected directly onto the films, whose sound tracks would sometimes be played, and thus blend in with the lengthy live atonal Velvet Underground improvisations and their dark, provocative songs like "All Tomorrow's Parties", "Heroin", "I'm Waiting for the Man", "Venus in Furs", and "Sister Ray".[8] A mirror ball also was utilized along with spot lights and strobe lights.[9]
E.P.I. shows, a barrage of flashing lights, multi-screened films, sadomasochistic mime, and noise music amplified into distortion, were later held in The Gymnasium in New York City and in various cities throughout Canada and the United States; including Chicago, Boston, Ann Arbor, Columbus, Ohio, Leicester, Massachusetts, Cleveland, Provincetown, Massachusetts, Los Angeles, and San Francisco where when asked to explain the Exploding Plastic Inevitable Warhol simply said that it's a totality.[10]
The Exploding Plastic Inevitable performed for the last time their sophisticated yet brutal mixture of film, art, loud music, hip fashion and new technology in May 1967, at Steve Paul's The Scene club in New York.[11]
Legacy
[edit]Andy Warhol's lights engineer Danny Williams pioneered many innovations that have since become standard practice in rock music liquid light shows. From May 27–29 the EPI played The Fillmore in San Francisco, where Williams built a light show including stroboscopes, slides and film projections onstage.[12] At Bill Graham's request he was soon to come back and build more. Film maker Jonas Mekas (who pioneered film projections during concerts at New York's Cinematheque), Andy Warhol and Danny Williams' influential ideas contributed much to the legendary Fillmore Auditorium's prestige and were also used at the Fillmore East and Fillmore West, both opening in 1968.
References
[edit]- ^ "From the research laboratories of Andy Warhol comes this issue of Aspen Magazine". Evergreen Review. 11 (46). April 1967.
- ^ [1] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable
- ^ Joseph, Branden W. (Summer 2002). "'My Mind Split Open': Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable". Grey Room. 8: 80–107. doi:10.1162/15263810260201616. S2CID 57560227.
- ^ Blaetz, Robin, ed. (2007). Women's Experimental Cinema: Critical Frameworks. Duke University Press. p. 143. ISBN 9780822340447.
- ^ Torgoff, Martin (2004). Can't Find My Way Home: America in the Great Stoned Age, 1945–2000. New York City: Simon & Schuster. p. 156. ISBN 0-7432-3010-8. OCLC 54349574.
the silver dream factory.
- ^ https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/ingrid-superstar-gerard-malanga-paul-morrissey-and-sterling-morrison-discuss-exploding] ingrid superstar gerard malanga paul morrissey and sterling morrison discuss EPI
- ^ Warhol, A. and Hackett, P. 1980. POPism: The Warhol' 60s. London: Hutchinson, p. 156
- ^ [2] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable
- ^ Warhol, A. and Hackett, P. 1980. POPism: The Warhol' 60s. London: Hutchinson, p. 156
- ^ [3] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable
- ^ [4] It Happened in 1966: Andy Warhol's Plastic Exploding Inevitable
- ^ King, Homay (2014-11-25). "Moving On: Andy Warhol and the Exploding Plastic Inevitable". Retrieved 30 December 2019.
