National Anti-Crisis Management: Difference between revisions

National Anti-Crisis Management
Abbreviation	NAM
Founders	Coordination Council
Types	organization
Country	Belarus
Directors	Pavel Latushko
Website	belarus-nau.org/en

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National Anti-Crisis Management (NAM)^[1] (Belarusian: Народнае антыкрызіснае ўпраўленне, romanized: Narodnaje antykryzisnaje wprawlennie, Russian: Народное Антикризисное Управление, romanized: Narodnoe Antikrizisnoe Upravlenie, Polish: Narodowy Zarząd Antykryzysowy;^[2] also People's Anti-Crisis Administration, NAU^[3]) is a "shadow-government-like"^{[citation needed]} organisation created in Belarus by Pavel Latushko in late October 2020 during the 2020 Belarusian protests^[3]^[4] with approval of the Belarusian Coordination Council.^[1] In 2022, a complementary cabinet structure, the United Transitional Cabinet, was created, with Latushko holding responsibility for the transition of power.^[5]

In January 2023, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus designated NAU as an extremist group.

Creation and termination

National Anti-Crisis Management was created in late October 2020 with the goal of managing a peaceful transfer of power.^[3] According to NAM, the Coordination Council of Belarus approved the principles of NAM on 26 October 2020.^[1]

NAM states that it will lose its powers when a "new president of Belarus is inaugurated."^[1]

Leadership and structure

November 2020

Pavel Latushko, a member of the Coordination Council, was the first head of NAM at its creation in 2020.^[3] Like many other Belarusian opposition politicians and democratic activists Latushko was forced to escape to Poland to avoid persecution by Alexander Lukashenko's regime due to series of repressions after presidential election in August 2020.^[6] NAM is a complementary group to the support team of Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, the presumed winner of the 2020 Belarusian presidential election, and to the Coordination Council. Olga Kovalkova of the Coordination Council is responsible for communication with the council.^[1]

Leaders of NAM's six fields of actions included:

economics and finance – vacant as of 16 November 2020^[update]^[1]
foreign policy and trade – Anatoly Kotov, born in 1980 (age 43–44)^[1]
justice – Mikhail Kirilyuk, born in 1983 (age 40–41)^[1]
security – Vadim Prokopiev, born in 1971 (age 52–53)^[1]
- BYPOL representative – Andrei Ostapovich, born in 1993 (age 30–31)^[7]
social policy – vacant as of 16 November 2020^[update]^[1]
- youth and sports – Aliaksandra Herasimenia, born in 1985 (age 38–39)^[1]
- culture and national heritage – Margarita Levchuk, born in 1990 (age 33–34)^[1]
regional development – Yury Hubarevich [ru; be; pl], born in 1978 (age 45–46)^[1]

and Elena Zhivoglod, born in 1991 (age 32–33) as Coordinator.^[1]

2022

In 2022, the structure of NAM was revised, with Pavel Latushko remaining head of NAM.^[8] Leaders for specific fields of administrative actions include:

Vladzimir Astapenka, deputy head of NAM, and responsible for foreign policy^[8]
Yury Hubarevich, responsible for regional development^[8]
Natalya Zaderkovskaya, responsible for socio-cultural issues^[8]
Mikhail Kirilyuk, legal adviser^[8]
Artsiom Praskalovich, legal counsel for domesty policy and public administration^[8]

Goals

Latushko described the goals of NAM as "creating a team of specialists responsible for the development and implementation of these plans".^[3] NAM's plans for a peaceful transfer of power include two options, based on its view that the de facto Lukashenko government is illegitimate and violated the Constitution of Belarus. NAM stated that it would prefer the Constitutional Option, but proceed to the Legal Sovereignty Option if Lukashenko refused the Constitutional Option.^[9]

Constitutional Option

The Constitutional Option of power transition through public dialogue starts with a prerequisite of the "end of violence against civilians, [the] release of all political prisoners," and the opening of legal investigations into crimes by government agencies. The option would consist of public dialogue between Tsikhanouskaya, the Coordination Council, NAM, other political leaders, and representatives of Lukashenko, with mediation by international mediators. The aims of the talks would include:

Lukashenko would lose his powers, which would be transferred to Tsikhanouskaya, who would become the Prime Minister of Belarus;
all officials involved in crimes of violence or election fraud would resign;
a new Central Election Commission would be created and a procedure for electing new president would be determined.^[9]

Legal Sovereignty Option

The Legal Sovereignty Option would be motivated by, in the words of NAM, "the fact that the only source of state power and bearer of sovereignty in Belarus is the people." Tsikhanouskaya would become president, select a transitional prime minister and cabinet, form a new Central Election Commission, and hold an election for a new president within 40–70 days.^[9]

Relation to United Transitional Cabinet

In 2022, the United Transitional Cabinet was created as a cabinet structure complementary to NAM, with Latushko as deputy head of the Cabinet, and holding responsibility within the Cabinet for the transition of power.^[5]

Actions

Judiciary system

Following the beating to death of Raman Bandarenka in November 2020, NAM published data obtained from internal reports of the Belarusian Ministry of Internal Affairs, according to which 25,800 people had been detained between 9 August and 9 November 2020. The data excluded the 1000–1500 detentions of the 8 November march. Most (24,000) of the detentions are for "illegal gatherings and mass disturbances", risking two to fifteen years' imprisonment. The report also listed 4000 complaints of torture or other legal violations by security forces, none of which had been processed.^[2]^[10]

NAM aims to manage the documentation for legal actions for those "responsible for terror". Tsikhanouskaya called for the arrest of de facto president Aleksander Lukashenko, attributing to him "responsibility for terror and torture". She stated that anyone involved in detaining Lukashenko would receive an amnesty.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ "National Anti-Crisis Management". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c Grekowicz, Nikita (2020-11-15). "Białoruś ponownie zawrzała po skatowaniu Ramana Bandarenki. Trwają protesty [relacja z Mińska]" [Belarus again in shock at the assault on Raman Bandarenka. Protests continue [report from Minsk]]. OKO.press (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Pavel Latushko Announces Establishment Of People's Anti-Crisis Administration". Belarus Feed. 2020-10-29. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
^ Sadouskaya–Komlach, Maryia (2020-11-06). "An Exiled Belarusian Opposition Faces A Credibility Test". Center for European Policy Analysis. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
^ ^a ^b "On Second Anniversary Of Disputed Belarusian Presidential Poll, Tsikhanouskaya Names 'Interim Cabinet'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2022-08-09. Archived from the original on 2022-10-29. Retrieved 2022-10-29.
^ "Belarusian opposition council member leaves for Poland amid crackdown: newspaper". Reuters. 2020-09-02. Retrieved 2021-09-10.
^ "National Anti-crisis Management". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020-12-04. Archived from the original on 2020-12-03. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "National Anti-Crisis Management". National Anti-Crisis Management. 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-12-25. Retrieved 2022-12-25.
^ ^a ^b ^c "National Anti-Crisis Management: Two power transition options have been developed". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020-11-17. Archived from the original on 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
^ "Live Feed – 14 Nov". Voice of Belarus. 2020-11-14. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

External links

Official website

[NAM_homepage_en_20201116-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ "National Anti-Crisis Management". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

[OKOpress_Bandarenka_NAU-2] Grekowicz, Nikita (2020-11-15). "Białoruś ponownie zawrzała po skatowaniu Ramana Bandarenki. Trwają protesty [relacja z Mińska]" [Belarus again in shock at the assault on Raman Bandarenka. Protests continue [report from Minsk]]. OKO.press (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

[BelFeed_NAU_created-3] "Pavel Latushko Announces Establishment Of People's Anti-Crisis Administration". Belarus Feed. 2020-10-29. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

[CEPA_NAM_created-4] Sadouskaya–Komlach, Maryia (2020-11-06). "An Exiled Belarusian Opposition Faces A Credibility Test". Center for European Policy Analysis. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

[RFERL_second_anniversary-5] "On Second Anniversary Of Disputed Belarusian Presidential Poll, Tsikhanouskaya Names 'Interim Cabinet'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2022-08-09. Archived from the original on 2022-10-29. Retrieved 2022-10-29.

[6] "Belarusian opposition council member leaves for Poland amid crackdown: newspaper". Reuters. 2020-09-02. Retrieved 2021-09-10.

[NAM_homepage_en_20201203-7] "National Anti-crisis Management". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020-12-04. Archived from the original on 2020-12-03. Retrieved 2020-12-04.

[NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "National Anti-Crisis Management". National Anti-Crisis Management. 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-12-25. Retrieved 2022-12-25.

[NAM_plan_two_options-9] "National Anti-Crisis Management: Two power transition options have been developed". National Anti-crisis Management. 2020-11-17. Archived from the original on 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2020-11-18.

[VoiceBelarus_NAM-10] "Live Feed – 14 Nov". Voice of Belarus. 2020-11-14. Archived from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Belarusian political organisation}}
 {{Infobox organization/Wikidata
 |fetchwikidata=ALL
 <!-- override(s) -->
-|suppressfields=url <!-- the url field gives *all three* languages, which looks ridiculous; see Template_talk:Infobox_organization/Wikidata#Bug_for_official_websites_in_multiple_languages -->
+<!-- |suppressfields=url   the Wikidata url field gives *all three* languages, which looks ridiculous; see the bug report at
+Template_talk:Infobox_organization/Wikidata#Bug_for_official_websites_in_multiple_languages
+-->
+|url=https://belarus-nau.org/en
 }}
-'''National Anti-Crisis Management''' or '''NAM'''<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" /> ({{lang-ru|Народное Антикризисное Управление}}, {{lang-pl|Narodowy Urzęd Antykryzysowy}};<ref name="OKOpress_Bandarenka_NAU" /> also ''People's Anti-Crisis Administration'', ''NAU''<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" />) is a "shadow-government-like" organisation created in [[Belarus]] in late October 2020 during the [[2020 Belarusian protests]] by [[Pavel Latushko]],<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /><ref name="CEPA_NAM_created" /> with approval by the Belarusian [[Coordination Council]] on 26 October 2020.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+'''National Anti-Crisis Management''' ('''NAM''')<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" /> ({{langx|be|Народнае антыкрызіснае ўпраўленне|Narodnaje antykryzisnaje wprawlennie}}, {{langx|ru|Народное Антикризисное Управление|Narodnoe Antikrizisnoe Upravlenie}}, {{langx|pl|Narodowy Zarząd Antykryzysowy}};<ref name="OKOpress_Bandarenka_NAU" /> also ''People's Anti-Crisis Administration'', ''NAU''<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" />) is a "shadow-government-like"{{cn|date=March 2024}} organisation created in [[Belarus]] by [[Pavel Latushko]] in late October 2020 during the [[2020 Belarusian protests]]<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /><ref name="CEPA_NAM_created" /> with approval of the Belarusian [[Coordination Council (Belarus)|Coordination Council]].<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" /> In 2022, a complementary [[cabinet (government)|cabinet]] structure, the [[United Transitional Cabinet]], was created, with Latushko holding responsibility for the transition of power.<ref name="RFERL_second_anniversary" />
+In January 2023, the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Belarus)|Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus]] designated NAU as an extremist group.
 ==Creation and termination==
-''National Anti-Crisis Management'' was created in late October 2020 with the aim of managing a [[peaceful transfer of power]].<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> The Council approved the principles of NAM on 26 October 2020.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+''National Anti-Crisis Management'' was created in late October 2020 with the goal of managing a [[peaceful transfer of power]].<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> According to NAM, the [[Coordination Council (Belarus)|Coordination Council of Belarus]] approved the principles of NAM on 26 October 2020.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
-NAM states that it will [[sunset provision|lose its powers]] on day that a "new president of Belarus is inaugurated".<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+NAM states that it will [[sunset provision|lose its powers]] when a "new president of Belarus is inaugurated."<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 ==Leadership and structure==
 [[File:Paviel Latushka.jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Pavel Latushko]], head of NAM]]
-[[Pavel Latushko]], a member of the Coordination Council, is the head of NAM.<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> NAM is a complementary group to the support team of [[Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya]], the presumed winner of the [[2020 Belarusian presidential election]], and to the Coordination Council. [[Olga Kovalkova]] of the Coordination Council is responsible for communication with the Council.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+===November 2020===
+[[Pavel Latushko]], a member of the Coordination Council, was the first head of NAM at its creation in 2020.<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> Like many other Belarusian opposition politicians and democratic activists Latushko was forced to escape to [[Poland]] to avoid persecution by [[Alexander Lukashenko]]'s regime due to series of repressions after presidential election in August 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-09-02|title=Belarusian opposition council member leaves for Poland amid crackdown: newspaper|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-belarus-election-council-poland-idUSKBN25T1OV|access-date=2021-09-10}}</ref> NAM is a complementary group to the support team of [[Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya]], the presumed winner of the [[2020 Belarusian presidential election]], and to the Coordination Council. [[Olga Kovalkova]] of the Coordination Council is responsible for communication with the council.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 [[File:Aliaksandra Herasimenia 2015.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Aliaksandra Herasimenia]], NAM: youth and sports]]
-Leaders of NAM's six fields of actions include:
+Leaders of NAM's six fields of actions included:
 # economics and finance – vacant {{as of|2020|11|16|lc=yes}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 # foreign policy and trade – [[Anatoly Kotov]], born in {{birth year and age|1980}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 # justice – [[Mikhail Kirilyuk]], born in {{birth year and age|1983}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 # security – [[Vadim Prokopiev]], born in {{birth year and age|1971}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+#* [[BYPOL]] representative – [[Andrei Ostapovich]], born in {{birth year and age|1993}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201203" />
 # social policy – vacant {{as of|2020|11|16|lc=yes}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 #* youth and sports – [[Aliaksandra Herasimenia]], born in {{birth year and age|1985}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
-#* culture and national heritage – {{ill|Margarita Levchuk|ru|Левчук, Маргарита|be|Маргарыта Ляўчук}}, born in {{birth year and age|1990}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
+#* culture and national heritage – [[Margarita Levchuk]], born in {{birth year and age|1990}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 # regional development – {{ill|Yury Hubarevich|ru|Губаревич, Юрий Иванович|be|Юрый Іванавіч Губарэвіч|pl|Juryj Hubarewicz}}, born in {{birth year and age|1978}}<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
 and [[Elena Zhivoglod]], born in {{birth year and age|1991}} as Coordinator.<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116" />
-==Aims==
+===2022===
+In 2022, the structure of NAM was revised, with Pavel Latushko remaining head of NAM.<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" /> Leaders for specific fields of administrative actions include:
-Latushko described the aims of NAM as "creating a team of specialists responsible for the development and implementation of these plans".<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> NAM's plans for a peaceful transfer of power include two options, based on its view that the ''de facto'' Lukashenko government is illegitimate and violated the [[Constitution of Belarus]]. NAM stated that it would prefer the ''Constitutional Option'', but proceed to the ''Legal Sovereignty Option'' if Lukashenko refused the Constitutional Option.<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options" />
+# [[Vladzimir Astapenka]], deputy head of NAM, and responsible for foreign policy<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" />
+# Yury Hubarevich, responsible for regional development<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" />
+# Natalya Zaderkovskaya, responsible for socio-cultural issues<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" />
+# [[Mikhail Kirilyuk]], legal adviser<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" />
+# Artsiom Praskalovich, legal counsel for domesty policy and public administration<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022" />
+==Goals==
+Latushko described the goals of NAM as "creating a team of specialists responsible for the development and implementation of these plans".<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created" /> NAM's plans for a peaceful transfer of power include two options, based on its view that the ''de facto'' Lukashenko government is illegitimate and violated the [[Constitution of Belarus]]. NAM stated that it would prefer the ''Constitutional Option'', but proceed to the ''Legal Sovereignty Option'' if Lukashenko refused the Constitutional Option.<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options" />
 ===Constitutional Option===
-The ''Constitutional Option'' of power transition through public dialogue starts with a prerequisite of the "end of violence against civilians, [the] release of all political prisoners," and the opening of legal investigations into crimes by government agencies. The option would consist of public dialogue between Tsikhanouskaya, the Coordination Council, NAM, other polical leaders, and representatives of Lukashenko, with [[mediation]] by international mediators. The aims of the talks would include:
+The ''Constitutional Option'' of power transition through public dialogue starts with a prerequisite of the "end of violence against civilians, [the] release of all political prisoners," and the opening of legal investigations into crimes by government agencies. The option would consist of public dialogue between Tsikhanouskaya, the Coordination Council, NAM, other political leaders, and representatives of Lukashenko, with [[mediation]] by international mediators. The aims of the talks would include:
 * Lukashenko would lose his powers, which would be transferred to Tsikhanouskaya, who would become the [[Prime Minister of Belarus]];
 * all officials involved in crimes of violence or election fraud would resign;
@@ Line 37: / Line 55: @@
 ===Legal Sovereignty Option===
-The ''Legal Sovereignty Option'' would be motivated by, in the words of NAM, "the fact that the only source of state power and bearer of sovereignty in Belarus is the people." Tsikhanouskaya would become President, select a transitional prime minister and cabinet, form a new Central Election Commission, and hold an election for a new president within 40–70 days.<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options" />
+The ''Legal Sovereignty Option'' would be motivated by, in the words of NAM, "the fact that the only source of state power and bearer of sovereignty in Belarus is the people." Tsikhanouskaya would become president, select a transitional prime minister and cabinet, form a new Central Election Commission, and hold an election for a new president within 40–70 days.<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options" />
+===Relation to United Transitional Cabinet===
+In 2022, the [[United Transitional Cabinet]] was created as a [[cabinet (government)|cabinet]] structure complementary to NAM, with Latushko as deputy head of the Cabinet, and holding responsibility within the Cabinet for the transition of power.<ref name="RFERL_second_anniversary" />
 ==Actions==
@@ Line 46: / Line 67: @@
 ==See also==
-* [[government in exile]]
+* [[Government in exile]]
+* [[Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic]]
+* [[United Transitional Cabinet]]
 ==References==
 {{reflist|refs=
-<ref name="OKOpress_Bandarenka_NAU">{{cite news | last1= Grekowicz | first1= Nikita | language =pl | title= Białoruś ponownie zawrzała po skatowaniu Ramana Bandarenki. Trwają protesty [relacja z Mińska] |trans-title = Belarus again in shock at the assault on Raman Bandarenka. Protests continue [report from Minsk] | date= 2020-11-15 |newspaper= [[OKO.press]] | url= https://oko.press/bialorus-ponownie-zawrzala-po-skatowaniu-ramana-bandarenki-trwaja-protesty-relacja-z-minska |accessdate=2020-11-16 |archiveurl= https://archive.today/TytXo |archivedate= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="OKOpress_Bandarenka_NAU">{{cite news | last1= Grekowicz | first1= Nikita | language =pl | title= Białoruś ponownie zawrzała po skatowaniu Ramana Bandarenki. Trwają protesty [relacja z Mińska] |trans-title = Belarus again in shock at the assault on Raman Bandarenka. Protests continue [report from Minsk] | date= 2020-11-15 |newspaper= [[OKO.press]] | url= https://oko.press/bialorus-ponownie-zawrzala-po-skatowaniu-ramana-bandarenki-trwaja-protesty-relacja-z-minska |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201116122525/https://oko.press/bialorus-ponownie-zawrzala-po-skatowaniu-ramana-bandarenki-trwaja-protesty-relacja-z-minska/ |archive-date= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116">{{cite web | title= National Anti-Crisis Management | website= [[National Anti-crisis Management]] |year = 2020 | url = https://belarus-nau.org/en | accessdate = 2020-11-16 |archiveurl= https://archive.today/TkEgP |archivedate= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201116">{{cite web | title= National Anti-Crisis Management | website= National Anti-crisis Management |year = 2020 | url = https://belarus-nau.org/en | access-date = 2020-11-16 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201116025936/https://belarus-nau.org/en |archive-date= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created">{{cite news | title= Pavel Latushko Announces Establishment Of People's Anti-Crisis Administration | date= 2020-10-29 |newspaper= [[Belarus Feed]] | url= https://belarusfeed.com/latushko-peoples-anti-crisis-administration/ |accessdate=2020-11-16 |archiveurl= https://archive.today/axNcQ |archivedate= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="BelFeed_NAU_created">{{cite news | title= Pavel Latushko Announces Establishment Of People's Anti-Crisis Administration | date= 2020-10-29 |newspaper= [[Belarus Feed]] | url= https://belarusfeed.com/latushko-peoples-anti-crisis-administration/ |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201116122555/https://belarusfeed.com/latushko-peoples-anti-crisis-administration/ |archive-date= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="CEPA_NAM_created">{{cite web |last1=Sadouskaya–Komlach |first1=Maryia | title= An Exiled Belarusian Opposition Faces A Credibility Test | date= 2020-11-06 |website= [[Center for European Policy Analysis]] | url= https://cepa.org/an-exiled-belarusian-opposition-faces-a-credibility-test |accessdate=2020-11-16 |archiveurl= https://archive.today/VDNYM |archivedate= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="CEPA_NAM_created">{{cite web |last1=Sadouskaya–Komlach |first1=Maryia | title= An Exiled Belarusian Opposition Faces A Credibility Test | date= 2020-11-06 |website= [[Center for European Policy Analysis]] | url= https://cepa.org/an-exiled-belarusian-opposition-faces-a-credibility-test |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201116122533/https://cepa.org/an-exiled-belarusian-opposition-faces-a-credibility-test/ |archive-date= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="VoiceBelarus_NAM">{{cite news | title= Live Feed – 14 Nov | date= 2020-11-14 |newspaper= [[Voice of Belarus]] | url= https://www.voiceofbelarus.com/live-feed-14-nov/ |accessdate=2020-11-16 |archiveurl= https://archive.vn/bAsdx |archivedate= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="VoiceBelarus_NAM">{{cite news | title= Live Feed – 14 Nov | date= 2020-11-14 |newspaper= [[Voice of Belarus]] | url= https://www.voiceofbelarus.com/live-feed-14-nov/ |access-date=2020-11-16 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201116122600/https://www.voiceofbelarus.com/live-feed-14-nov/ |archive-date= 2020-11-16 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options">{{cite web | title= National Anti-Crisis Management: Two power transition options have been developed | website= [[National Anti-crisis Management]] |date = 2020-11-17 | url = https://belarus-nau.org/news_en | accessdate = 2020-11-18 |archiveurl= https://archive.today/FXCqk |archivedate= 2020-11-17 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="NAM_plan_two_options">{{cite web | title= National Anti-Crisis Management: Two power transition options have been developed | website= National Anti-crisis Management |date = 2020-11-17 | url = https://belarus-nau.org/news_en | access-date = 2020-11-18 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201117191849/https://belarus-nau.org/news_en |archive-date= 2020-11-17 |url-status=live }}</ref>
+<ref name="NAM_homepage_en_20201203">{{cite web | title= National Anti-crisis Management | website= National Anti-crisis Management |date = 2020-12-04 | url = https://belarus-nau.org/en | access-date = 2020-12-04 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20201203230954/https://belarus-nau.org/en |archive-date= 2020-12-03 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<!-- template
-<ref name="...">{{cite web | last1 = | first1 = | last2= | first2= | authorlink = | coauthors = | language =pl | title= |trans-title = | website= |date = | url = | accessdate = 2020-11-15 |archiveurl= |archivedate= 2020-11-15 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
+<ref name="NAM_about_NAM_2022_snapshot_Dec_2022">{{cite web | title=National Anti-Crisis Management | year=2022 |website=National Anti-Crisis Management | url=https://belarus-nau.org/en |access-date= 2022-12-25 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221225183652/https://belarus-nau.org/en |archive-date= 2022-12-25 |url-status=live }}</ref>
+<ref name="RFERL_second_anniversary">{{cite news | title= On Second Anniversary Of Disputed Belarusian Presidential Poll, Tsikhanouskaya Names 'Interim Cabinet' | date= 2022-08-09 |newspaper= [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] | url= https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-tsikhanouskaya-interim-cabinet-opposition-lukashenka/31980687.html |access-date= 2022-10-29 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221029014919/https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-tsikhanouskaya-interim-cabinet-opposition-lukashenka/31980687.html |archive-date= 2022-10-29 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-<ref name="...">{{cite news | last1= | first1= | last2= | first2= | language =pl | title= |trans-title = | date= |newspaper= | url= |accessdate=2020-11-15 |archiveurl= |archivedate= 2020-11-15 |url-status=live |url-access = }}</ref>
--->
 }}
@@ Line 76: / Line 98: @@
 {{Belarusian democracy movement}}
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:2020 Belarusian protests]]
-[[Category:Belarusian democracy movements]]
+[[Category:2020–2021 Belarusian protests]]
+[[Category:Belarusian opposition]]
 [[Category:Politics of Belarus]]
 [[Category:2020 in Belarus]]
-[[Category:Democratization]]