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{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| country = Costa Rica
| election_name = 2002 Costa Rican general election
| flag_year = state
| country = Costa Rica
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1998 Costa Rican general election
| previous_election = 1998 Costa Rican general election
| previous_year = 1998
| previous_year = 1998
| election_date = {{nowrap|{{Start date|2002|02|03|df=y}} (first round)}}<br />{{Start date|2002|04|07|df=y}} (second round)
| election_date = {{nowrap|{{Start date|2002|02|03|df=y}} (first round)}}<br />{{Start date|2002|04|07|df=y}} (second round)
| next_election = Costa Rican general election, 2006
| next_election = 2006 Costa Rican general election
| next_year = 2006
| next_year = 2006

| opinion_polls =
| turnout =
| module = {{Infobox election
| module = {{Infobox election
| embed = yes
| embed = yes
| election_name = Presidential election
| election_name = Presidential election
| type = presidential
| type = presidential
| turnout = 68.84% (first round) {{decrease}} 1.15[[percentage point|pp]]<br />60.22% (second round)
<!-- Pacheco -->
| image1 = [[File:Defense.gov News Photo 050511-D-9880W-053 (cropped).jpg|x150px]]
| nominee1 = [[Abel Pacheco]]
| party1 = Social Christian Unity Party
| home_state1 = [[San José Province|San José]]
| popular_vote1 = 776,278
| percentage1 = 58.0%
<!-- Araya -->
| image2 = [[File:Rolando_Araya_cropped.jpg|x150px]]
| nominee2 = [[Rolando Araya Monge|Rolando Araya]]
| party2 = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
| home_state2 = [[Alajuela Province|Alajuela]]
| popular_vote2 = 563,202
| percentage2 = 42.0%


| image1 = Defense.gov News Photo 050511-D-9880W-053 (cropped).jpg
| title = [[President of Costa Rica|President]]
| nominee1 = '''[[Abel Pacheco]]'''
| before_election = [[Miguel Ángel Rodríguez]]
| before_party = Social Christian Unity Party
| party1 = Social Christian Unity Party
| popular_vote1 = '''776,278'''
| posttitle =
| percentage1 = '''57.95%'''
| after_election = [[Abel Pacheco]]

| after_party = Social Christian Unity Party
| image2 = Rolando_Araya_cropped.jpg
| nominee2 = [[Rolando Araya Monge|Rolando Araya]]
| party2 = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
| popular_vote2 = 563,202
| percentage2 = 42.05%

| map = {{Switcher
| [[File:Resultados 2002 Presidente.svg|325px]]
| First round results by canton
| [[File:Resultados 2002 Segunda ronda.svg|325px]]
| Second round results by canton|default=2
}}
| title = [[President of Costa Rica|President]]
| before_election = [[Miguel Ángel Rodríguez]]
| before_party = Social Christian Unity Party
| after_election = [[Abel Pacheco]]
| after_party = Social Christian Unity Party


| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| embed = yes
| embed = yes
| election_name = Legislative election
| election_name = Parliamentary election
| results_sec = Results


| seats_for_election = All 57 seats in the [[Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica|Legislative Assembly]]
<!--party1-->
| majority_seats = 29
| party1 = Social Christian Unity Party

| party1 = Social Christian Unity Party
| leader1 = [[Abel Pacheco]]
| leader1 = [[Abel Pacheco]]
| percentage1 = 29.8%
| percentage1 = 29.78
| seats1 = 19
| seats1 = 19
| last_election1 = 27
| last_election1 = 27


| party2 = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
<!--party2-->
| party2 = National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)
| leader2 = [[Rolando Araya Monge]]
| leader2 = [[Rolando Araya Monge]]
| percentage2 = 27.1%
| percentage2 = 27.10
| seats2 = 17
| seats2 = 17
| last_election2 = 23
| last_election2 = 23


| party3 = Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)
<!--party3-->
| party3 = Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)
| leader3 = [[Ottón Solís]]
| leader3 = [[Ottón Solís]]
| percentage3 = 22.0%
| percentage3 = 21.96
| seats3 = 14
| seats3 = 14
| last_election3 = New
| last_election3 = New


| party4 = Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)
<!--party4-->
| party4 = Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)
| leader4 = [[Otto Guevara]]
| leader4 = [[Otto Guevara]]
| percentage4 = 9.3%
| percentage4 = 9.34
| seats4 = 6
| seats4 = 6
| last_election4 = 1
| last_election4 = 1


| party5 = Costa Rican Renovation Party
<!--party5-->
| leader5 = [[Justo Orozco]]
| party5 = Costa Rican Renovation Party
| percentage5 = 3.59
| leader5 = Justo Orozco Álvarez
| percentage5 = 3.6%
| seats5 = 1
| seats5 = 1
| last_election5 = 1
| last_election5 = 1


| map = Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 2002 - Diputados por Provincia.svg
| map = Costa_Rica_general_election_2002_-_Legislative_%26_Presidential_Election_Results.svg
| map_caption = Results by province
| map_caption = Map on the left shows the seats won by each party by province. The map on the right shows which party won the plurality in each province in both rounds of the Presidential election.
}}}}}}{{Politics of Costa Rica}}
}}
}}
}}
{{Politics of Costa Rica}}


'''General elections''' were held in [[Costa Rica]] on 3 February 2002.<ref name=N1>[[Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]] (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 {{ISBN|978-0-19-928357-6}}</ref> For the first time in the country's history, no candidate in the presidential election passed the 40% threshold.<ref name=DN>Nohlen, p. 150.</ref> This meant a second round of voting had to be held on 7 April which saw [[Abel Pacheco]] of the [[Social Christian Unity Party]] defeat the [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party's]] [[Rolando Araya Monge]].<ref name="results">{{cite web |url=http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=406 |title=Election profile: Costa Rica |publisher=International Foundation for Electoral Systems |date=1 September 2006|accessdate=26 June 2011 }}</ref>
General elections were held in [[Costa Rica]] on 3 February 2002.<ref name=N1>[[Dieter Nohlen]] (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 {{ISBN|978-0-19-928357-6}}</ref> For the first time in the country's history, no candidate in the presidential election passed the 40% threshold.<ref name=DN>Nohlen, p. 150.</ref> This meant a second round of voting had to be held on 7 April which saw [[Abel Pacheco]] of the [[Social Christian Unity Party]] defeat the [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party's]] [[Rolando Araya Monge]].<ref name="results">{{cite web |url=http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=406 |title=Election profile: Costa Rica |publisher=International Foundation for Electoral Systems |date=1 September 2006|accessdate=26 June 2011 }}</ref>


Many analysts consider this election the beginning of the end of Costa Rica's decades-long [[two party system]].<ref name="Landsford">{{cite book|last1=Landsford|first1=Tom|title=Political Handbook of the World 2014|date=20 March 2014|isbn=9781483386263|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iC_VBQAAQBAJ&q=costa+rica%27s+end+of+two+party+system&pg=PA333|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Landsford 2">{{cite book|last1=Landsford|first1=Tom|title=Political Handbook of the World 2012|date=2 April 2012|isbn=9781608719952|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d33MfEFXvW8C&q=costa+rica%27s+end+of+two+party+system&pg=PA332|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Greenspana|first1=Eliot|last2=Gill|first2=Nicholas|last3=O'Malley|first3=Charlie|last4=Gilsenan|first4=Patrick|last5=Perill|first5=Jisel|publisher=Frommer's Central America|title=Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 2002}}</ref> For the first time in many years alternative political forces become really relevant in the Parliament and the plenary had three large party groups; [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]] (19), [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] (17) and [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|PAC]] (14).<ref name="ER">{{cite web|title=5 February 2002 Legislative Assembly Election Results - Costa Rica Totals|url=http://www.electionresources.org/cr/deputies.php?election=2002|website=Election Resources|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref>
Many analysts consider this election the beginning of the end of Costa Rica's decades-long [[two party system]].<ref name="Landsford">{{cite book|last1=Landsford|first1=Tom|title=Political Handbook of the World 2014|date=20 March 2014|isbn=9781483386263|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iC_VBQAAQBAJ&q=costa+rica%27s+end+of+two+party+system&pg=PA333|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="Landsford 2">{{cite book|last1=Landsford|first1=Tom|title=Political Handbook of the World 2012|date=2 April 2012|isbn=9781608719952|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d33MfEFXvW8C&q=costa+rica%27s+end+of+two+party+system&pg=PA332|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Greenspana|first1=Eliot|last2=Gill|first2=Nicholas|last3=O'Malley|first3=Charlie|last4=Gilsenan|first4=Patrick|last5=Perill|first5=Jisel|publisher=Frommer's Central America|title=Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 2002}}</ref> For the first time in many years alternative political forces become really relevant in the Parliament and the plenary had three large party groups; [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]] (19), [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] (17) and [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|PAC]] (14).<ref name="ER">{{cite web|title=5 February 2002 Legislative Assembly Election Results - Costa Rica Totals|url=http://www.electionresources.org/cr/deputies.php?election=2002|website=Election Resources|accessdate=13 March 2016}}</ref>
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It was the first time in Costa Rica an [[Evangelicalism|evangelical Christian]] party, the Christian National Alliance, nominated a [[Catholic Church|catholic]], [[biologist]] and professor [[Marvin Calvo Montoya]], as its presidential candidate. It was also the last presidential election of the Christian National Alliance.
It was the first time in Costa Rica an [[Evangelicalism|evangelical Christian]] party, the Christian National Alliance, nominated a [[Catholic Church|catholic]], [[biologist]] and professor [[Marvin Calvo Montoya]], as its presidential candidate. It was also the last presidential election of the Christian National Alliance.


Despite the close contest, voter turnout was only 68.8% on 3 February the lowest since the [[1958 Costa Rican general election|1958 elections]]. For the second round of the presidential elections it fell to 60.2%, the lowest since [[1949 Costa Rican general election|1949]].<ref>Nohlen, pp. 156&ndash;157.</ref>
Despite the close contest, voter turnout was only 69% on 3 February the lowest since the [[1958 Costa Rican general election|1958 elections]]. For the second round of the presidential elections it fell to 60%, the lowest since [[1949 Costa Rican general election|1949]].<ref>Nohlen, pp. 156&ndash;157.</ref>


==Background==
==Background==
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==Results==
==Results==
===President===
===President===
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|cand1=[[Abel Pacheco]]|party1=[[Social Christian Unity Party]]|votes1=590277|votes1_2=776278
!colspan=2 rowspan=2|Candidate
|cand2=[[Rolando Araya Monge]]|party2=[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]]|votes2=475030|votes2_2=563202
!rowspan=2|Party
|cand3=[[Ottón Solís]]|party3=[[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|Citizens' Action Party]]|votes3=400681
!colspan=2|First round
|cand4=[[Otto Guevara]]|party4=[[Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)|Libertarian Movement]]|votes4=25815
!colspan=2|Second round
|cand5=[[Justo Orozco Álvarez]]|party5=[[Costa Rican Renewal Party]]|votes5=16404
|-
|cand6={{ill|Walter Muñoz Céspedes|es}}|party6=[[National Integration Party (Costa Rica)|National Integration Party]]|votes6=6235
!Votes
|cand7={{ill|Vladimir de la Cruz|es|Vladimir de la Cruz de Lemos}}|party7=[[Democratic Force (Costa Rica)|Democratic Force]]|votes7=4121
!%
|cand8={{ill|Jorge Walter Coto Molina|es}}|party8=[[Coalition Change 2000]]|votes8=3970|color8=#FFFF00
!Votes
|cand9=Rolando Angulo Zeledón|party9={{ill|General Union Party|es|Partido Unión Generaleña}}|votes9=2655
!%
|cand10=Daniel Reynolds Vargas|party10={{ill|National Patriotic Party (Costa Rica)|es|Partido Patriótico Nacional|lt=National Patriotic Party}}|votes10=1680|color10=royalblue
|-
|cand11=[[Marvin Calvo Montoya]]|party11={{ill|Christian National Alliance Party|es|Alianza Nacional Cristiana}}|votes11=1271
|bgcolor="0000BF"| ||align=left|[[Abel Pacheco]]||align=left|[[Social Christian Unity Party]]||'''590,277'''||'''38.58'''||'''776,278'''||'''57.95'''
|cand12={{ill|José Hine García|es}}|party12=[[National Rescue Party]]|votes12=905
|-
|cand13=Pablo Galo Angulo Casasola|party13={{ill|Independent Workers' Party (Costa Rica)|es|Partido Independiente Obrero|lt=Independent Workers' Party}}|votes13=801|color13=#000080
|bgcolor="#008024"| ||align=left|[[Rolando Araya Monge]]||align=left|[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]]||475,030||31.05||563,202||42.05
|blank=7241|blank2=6006
|-
|invalid=32332|invalid2=27457
|bgcolor="FFD700"| ||align=left|[[Ottón Solís]]||align=left|[[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|Citizens' Action Party]]||400,681||26.19||colspan=2 rowspan=11|
|votes15_2=1372943
|-
|electorate=2279851|electorate2=2279851
|bgcolor="b22027"| ||align=left|[[Otto Guevara]]||align=left|[[Movimiento Libertario|Libertarian Movement]]||25,815||1.69
|source=[http://www.electionresources.org/cr/president.php?election=2002&province= Election Resources]
|-
|bgcolor="12086B"| ||align=left|[[Justo Orozco Álvarez]]||align=left|[[Costa Rican Renewal Party]]||16,404||1.07
|-
|bgcolor="122562"| ||align=left|Walter Muñoz Céspedes||align=left|[[National Integration Party (Costa Rica)|National Integration Party]]||6,235||0.41
|-
|bgcolor="FF5E00"| ||align=left|Vladimir De la Cruz De Lemos||align=left|[[Democratic Force (Costa Rica)|Democratic Force]]||4,121||0.27
|-
|bgcolor=yellow| ||align=left|Walter Coto Molina||align=left|[[Coalition Change 2000]]||3,970||0.26
|-
|bgcolor=wheat| ||align=left|Rolando Angulo Zeledón||align=left|General Union Party<sup>[[:es:Partido Unión Generaleña|es]]</sup>||2,655||0.17
|-
|bgcolor=royalblue| ||align=left|Daniel Reynolds Vargas||align=left|National Patriotic Party<sup>[[:es:Partido Patriótico Nacional|es]]</sup>||1,680||0.11
|-
|bgcolor=sienna| ||align=left|[[Marvin Calvo Montoya]]||align=left|Christian National Alliance<sup>[[:es:Alianza Nacional Cristiana|es]]</sup>||1,271||0.08
|-
|bgcolor=#D4353F| ||align=left|José Hine García||align=left|[[National Rescue Party]]||905||0.06
|-
|bgcolor=#000080| ||align=left|Pablo Galo Angulo Casasola||align=left|Independent Workers' Party<sup>[[:es:Partido Independiente Obrero|es]]</sup>||801||0.05
|-
|align=left colspan=3|Invalid/blank votes||39,573||–||33,463||–
|-
|align=left colspan=3|'''Total'''||'''1,569,418'''||'''100'''||'''1,372,943'''||'''100'''
|-
|align=left colspan=3|Registered voters/turnout||2,279,851||68.84||2,279,851||60.22
|-
|align=left colspan=7|Source: [http://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/system/recursos/archivos/000/000/291/original/2002_Declaratoria_de_Elecci%C3%B3n_Presidenciales.pdf?1484667957 TSE], [http://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/system/recursos/archivos/000/000/258/original/2002_Declaratoria_de_Elecci%C3%B3n_Presidenciales_2da_vuelta.pdf?1484667955 TSE]
|}

{{bar box
| title=Popular Vote-First round
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|Social Christian Unity|#0000bF|38.6}}
{{bar percent|National Liberation|#008024|31.1}}
{{bar percent|Citizens' Action|#FFD700|26.2}}
{{bar percent|Libertarian Movement|#B22027|1.7}}
{{bar percent|Costa Rican Renewal|#12086B|1.1}}
{{bar percent|National Integration|#122562|0.4}}
{{bar percent|Other|#777777|0.9}}
}}
{{bar box
| title=Popular Vote-Second round
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|Social Christian Unity|#0000BF|58}}
{{bar percent|National Liberation|#008024|42}}
}}
}}


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!width=60px| Other %
!width=60px| Other %
|-
|-
!style="background:#0000BF"|
!style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}"|
!style="background:#008024"|
!style="background:{{party color|National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
!style="background:#FFD700"|
!style="background:{{party color|Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
!style="background:#B22027"|
!style="background:{{party color|Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)}}"|
!style="background:#12086B"|
!style="background:{{party color|Costa Rican Renovation Party}}"|
!style="background:#122562"|
!style="background:{{party color|National Integration Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
!style="background:#FF5E00"|
!style="background:{{party color|Democratic Force (Costa Rica)}}"|
!style="background:#7a7a7a"|
!style="background:#7a7a7a"|
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 36.6
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 36.6
| 28.5
| 28.5
| style="background:#FFEB7F; color:black;"| 31.1
| style="background:#FFEB7F; color:black;"| 31.1
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|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Alajuela}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Alajuela}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 37.8
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 37.8
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 34.1
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 34.1
| 24.7
| 24.7
Line 211: Line 160:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 35.4
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 35.4
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 31.8
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 31.8
| 28.4
| 28.4
Line 221: Line 170:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Heredia}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Heredia}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 36.1
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 36.1
| 26.8
| 26.8
| style="background:#FFEB7F; color:black;"| 33.2
| style="background:#FFEB7F; color:black;"| 33.2
Line 231: Line 180:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 45.0
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 45.0
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 33.8
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 33.8
| 15.8
| 15.8
Line 241: Line 190:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 48.6
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 48.6
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 28.4
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 28.4
| 14.9
| 14.9
Line 251: Line 200:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{nowrap|{{flag|Guanacaste}}}}
| align="left"| {{nowrap|{{flag|Guanacaste}}}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 44.3
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 44.3
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 40.6
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 40.6
| 12.1
| 12.1
Line 261: Line 210:
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 38.6
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 38.6
| 31.1
| 31.1
| 26.2
| 26.2
Line 273: Line 222:
'''Second round'''
'''Second round'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right; font-size:95%"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right; font-size:95%"
! rowspan="3"| [[Provinces of Costa Rica|Province]]
! rowspan="2"| [[Provinces of Costa Rica|Province]]
!width="60px"| [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]] %
!width="60px"| [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]] %
!width="60px"| [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] %
!width="60px"| [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] %
|-
|-
! style="background:#0000BF"|
! style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}"|
!style="background:#008024"|
!style="background:{{party color|National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 57.7
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 57.7
| 42.3
| 42.3
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Alajuela}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Alajuela}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 56.1
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 56.1
| 43.9
| 43.9
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 55.6
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 55.6
| 44.4
| 44.4
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Heredia}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Heredia}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 58.1
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 58.1
| 41.9
| 41.9
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 59.7
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 59.7
| 40.3
| 40.3
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 67.0
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 67.0
| 33.0
| 33.0
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{nowrap|{{flag|Guanacaste}}}}
| align="left"| {{nowrap|{{flag|Guanacaste}}}}
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 57.1
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 57.1
| 42.9
| 42.9
|-
|-
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| style="background:#0000BF; color:white;"| 58.0
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 58.0
| 42.0
| 42.0
|}
|}


===Parliament===
===Parliament===
{{Election results
{{bar box
|image=[[File:Costa Rica_Legislative Assembly_2002.svg]]
| title=Popular vote
|party1=[[Social Christian Unity Party]]|votes1=453201|seats1=19|sc1=–8
| titlebar=#ddd
|party2=[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]]|votes2=412383|seats2=17|sc2=–6
| float=right
|party3=[[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|Citizens' Action Party]]|votes3=334162|seats3=14|sc3=New
| barwidth=410px
|party4=[[Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)|Libertarian Movement]]|votes4=142152|seats4=6|sc4=+5
| bars=
|party5=[[Costa Rican Renewal Party]]|votes5=54699|seats5=1|sc5=0
{{bar percent|Social Christian Unity|#0000bF|29.8}}
|party6=[[Democratic Force (Costa Rica)|Democratic Force]]|votes6=30172|seats6=0|sc6=–3
{{bar percent|National Liberation|#008024|27.1}}
|party7=[[National Integration Party (Costa Rica)|National Integration Party]]|votes7=26084|seats7=0|sc7=–1
{{bar percent|Citizens' Action|#FFD700|22.0}}
|party8=[[Coalition Change 2000]]|votes8=12992|seats8=0|sc8=New|color8=#FFFF00
{{bar percent|Libertarian Movement|#B22027|9.3}}
|party9=[[Agrarian Labour Action Party]]|votes9=10890|seats9=0|sc9=–1
{{bar percent|Costa Rican Renewal|#12086B|3.6}}
|party10={{ill|Independent Workers' Party (Costa Rica)|es|Partido Independiente Obrero|lt=Independent Workers' Party}}|votes10=8044|seats10=0|sc10=New|color10=#000080
{{bar percent|Democratic Force|#FFA200|2.0}}
|party11={{ill|National Patriotic Party (Costa Rica)|es|Partido Patriótico Nacional|lt=National Patriotic Party}}|votes11=7123|seats11=0|sc11=New|color11=royalblue
{{bar percent|National Integration|#122562|1.7}}
|party12=[[Cartago Agrarian Union Party]]|votes12=6974|seats12=0|sc12=0
{{bar percent|Other|#777777|4.8}}
|party13={{ill|Christian National Alliance Party|es|Alianza Nacional Cristiana}}|votes13=6825|seats13=0|sc13=New
|party14={{ill|General Union Party|es|Partido Unión Generaleña}}|votes14=5883|seats14=0|sc14=0
|party15=[[National Rescue Party]]|votes15=4937|seats15=0|sc15=0
|party16={{ill|National Agrarian Party (Costa Rica)|es|Partido Agrario Nacional|lt=National Agrarian Party}}|votes16=2595|seats16=0|sc16=New
|party17=Cartago Agrarian Force Party|votes17=1390|seats17=0|sc17=New
|party18=National Convergence Party|votes18=1348|seats18=0|sc18=0|color18=black
|invalid=28461
|blank=19023
|total_sc=0
|electorate=2279851
|source=[http://www.electionresources.org/cr/deputies.php?election=2002&province= Election Resources]
}}
}}
{{bar box
| title=Seats
| titlebar=#ddd
| float=right
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|Social Christian Unity|#0000bF|33.33}}
{{bar percent|National Liberation|#008024|29.82}}
{{bar percent|Citizens' Action|#FFD700|24.56}}
{{bar percent|Libertarian Movement|#B22027|10.52}}
{{bar percent|Costa Rican Renewal|#12086B|1.75}}
}}
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|colspan=6|[[File:Costa Rica_Legislative Assembly_2002.svg|center]]
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/–
|-
|bgcolor=#0000bF| ||align=left|[[Social Christian Unity Party]]||453,201||29.8||19||style="color:red;"|–8
|-
|bgcolor=#008024| ||align=left|[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]]||412,383||27.1|||17||style="color:red;"|–6
|-
|bgcolor=#FFD700| ||align=left|[[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|Citizens' Action Party]]||334,162||22.0||14|| New
|-
|bgcolor=#B22027| ||align=left|[[Movimiento Libertario|Libertarian Movement]]||142,152||9.3||6||style="color:green;"| +5
|-
|bgcolor=#12086B| ||align=left|[[Costa Rican Renewal Party]]||54,699||3.6||1||0
|-
|bgcolor=#FF5E00| ||align=left|[[Democratic Force (Costa Rica)|Democratic Force]]||30,172||2.0||0||style="color:red;"|–3
|-
|bgcolor=#122562| ||align=left|[[National Integration Party (Costa Rica)|National Integration Party]]||26,084||1.7||0||style="color:red;"|–1
|-
|bgcolor=yellow| ||align=left|[[Coalition Change 2000]]||12,992||0.8||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=saddlebrown| ||align=left|[[Agrarian Labour Action Party]]||10,890||0.7||0||style="color:red;"|–1
|-
|bgcolor=darkblue| ||align=left|Workers' Independent Party||8,044||0.5||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=royalblue| ||align=left|National Patriotic Party||7,123||0.5||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=darkorchid| ||align=left|[[Cartago Agrarian Union Party]]||6,974||0.5||0||0
|-
|bgcolor=sienna| ||align=left|Christian National Alliance Party||6,825||0.4||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=Wheat| ||align=left|General Union Party||5,883||0.4||0||0
|-
|bgcolor=#D4353F| ||align=left|[[National Rescue Party]]||4,937||0.3||0||0
|-
|bgcolor=khaki| ||align=left|National Agrarian Party||2,595||0.2||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=dodgerblue| ||align=left|Cartago Agrarian Force Party||1,390||0.1||0||New
|-
|bgcolor=black| ||align=left|National Convergence||1,348||0.1||0||New
|-
|align=left colspan=2|Invalid/blank votes||47,484||–||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=2|'''Total'''||'''1,569,338'''||'''100'''||'''57'''||'''0'''
|-
|align=left colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout||2,279,851||68.8||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=6|Source: [http://www.electionresources.org/cr/deputies.php?election=2002 Election Resources]
|}


====By province====
====By province====
Line 409: Line 304:
! colspan="2" width="30px"| Other
! colspan="2" width="30px"| Other
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#0000bF"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#008024"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#FFD700"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#B22027"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#12086B"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Costa Rican Renovation Party}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#FF5E00"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Democratic Force (Costa Rica)}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#122562"|
! colspan="2" style="background:{{party color|National Integration Party (Costa Rica)}}"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#7a7a7a"|
! colspan="2" style="background:#7a7a7a"|


Line 437: Line 332:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| align="left"| {{flag|San José}}
| style="background:#0000bF; color:white;"| 27.1
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 27.1
|'''6'''
|'''6'''
| 24.2
| 24.2
Line 457: Line 352:
| style="background:#7373dc; color:white;"| 30.2
| style="background:#7373dc; color:white;"| 30.2
|'''4'''
|'''4'''
| style="background:#008024; color:white;"| 30.5
| style="background:{{party color|National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)}}; color:white;"| 30.5
|'''4'''
|'''4'''
| 20.7
| 20.7
Line 473: Line 368:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Cartago}}
| style="background:#0000bF; color:white;"| 25.7
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 25.7
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 25.4
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 25.4
Line 509: Line 404:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Puntarenas}}
| style="background:#0000bF; color:white;"| 37.8
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 37.8
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 29.8
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 29.8
Line 527: Line 422:
|-
|-
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| align="left"| {{flag|Limón}}
| style="background:#0000bF; color:white;"| 37.3
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 37.3
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 26.2
| style="background:#66B27B; color:white;"| 26.2
Line 547: Line 442:
| style="background:#7F7FC3; color:white;"| 37.9
| style="background:#7F7FC3; color:white;"| 37.9
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
| style="background:#008024; color:white;"| 39.1
| style="background:{{party color|National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)}}; color:white;"| 39.1
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
| 10.3
| 10.3
Line 563: Line 458:
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
|- style="background:#CDCDCD;"
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| align="left"| '''Total'''
| style="background:#0000bF; color:white;"| 29.8
| style="background:{{party color|Social Christian Unity Party}}; color:white;"| 29.8
|'''19'''
|'''19'''
| 27.1
| 27.1
Line 581: Line 476:
|}
|}


===Municipal Councils===
==See also==
{{See also|2002 Costa Rican municipal elections}}
*[[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections]]

The elections of municipal councilors of Costa Rica in 2002 were an electoral process held in parallel with the presidential and legislative elections. In them the 495 tenure aldermen and the 495 alternates that conform the 81 Municipal Councils were chosen.

The [[San José (canton)|Central Canton of San José]], the most populous, named 13 aldermen. [[Desamparados (canton)|Desamparados]] and [[Alajuela (canton)|Alajuela]] named 11. Others less populated ([[Puntarenas (canton)|Puntarenas]], [[Limón (canton)|Limón]], [[Pococí (canton)|Pococí]], [[Heredia (canton)|Heredia]], [[Cartago (canton)|Cartago]], [[La Unión (canton)|La Unión]], [[San Carlos (canton)|San Carlos]], [[Goicoechea (canton)|Goicoechea]], [[Pérez Zeledón (canton)|Pérez Zeledón]], etc.) named 9. Others even smaller ([[Tibás Canton|Tibás]], [[Grecia (canton)|Grecia]], [[Vázquez de Coronado Canton|Vázquez de Coronado]], [[Montes de Oca (canton)|Montes de Oca]], [[Siquirres (canton)|Siquirres]], [[Escazú (canton)|Escazú]], [[Turrialba (canton)|Turrialba]], etc.) appointed 7 council members. Finally, the smallest ([[Turrubares (canton)|Turrubares]], [[San Mateo (canton)|San Mateo]], [[Santa Ana (canton)|Santa Ana]], [[Mora (canton)|Mora]], [[Montes de Oro (canton)|Montes de Oro]], [[Talamanca (canton)|Talamanca]], etc.) named 5.

{{bar box
| title=Alderpeople
| titlebar=#ddd
| float= right
| width=500px
| barwidth=300px
| bars=
{{bar percent|Social Christian Unity|#0000bf|35.79}}
{{bar percent|National Liberation|#228B22|35.39}}
{{bar percent|Citizens' Action|#ffd700|20.08}}
{{bar percent|Regionalist|#cfcfcf|3.18}}
{{bar percent|Libertarian Movement|#b22027|2.58}}
{{bar percent|Democratic Force|#FF5E00|0.80}}
{{bar percent|National Integration|#122562|0.20}}
{{bar percent|C2000|yellow|0.20}}
{{bar percent|National Rescue|#D4353F|0.20}}
{{bar percent|Independent Workers'|#002373|0.20}}
}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size:97%;"
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"
! style="text-align:centre;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="250"| Parties
! colspan="3"| Popular vote
! colspan="2"| Alderpeople
|- bgcolor="#E9E9E9" align="center"
! width="85"| Votes
! width="50"| %
! width="50"| ±[[Percentage point|pp]]
! width="50"| Total
! width="50"| +/-
|-
| bgcolor="#0000bf"|
| align="left"| [[Social Christian Unity Party]] (PUSC)
| 469,305 || 30.92 || style="color:red;"| -9.94
| 180 || style="color:red;"| -91
|-
| bgcolor="#008024"|
| align="left"| [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] (PLN)
| 443,320 || 29.21 || style="color:red;"| -6.17
| 178 || style="color:red;"| -48
|-
| bgcolor="#ffd700"|
| align="left"| [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|Citizens' Action Party]] (PAC)
| 310,201 || 20.44 || ''New''
| 101 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#b22027"|
| align="left"| [[Libertarian Movement (Costa Rica)|Libertarian Movement]] (ML)
| 84,167 || 5.55 || style="color:green;"| +3.12
| 13 || style="color:green;"| +9
|-
| bgcolor="#050045"|
| align="left"| [[Costa Rican Renewal Party]] (PRC)
| 54,547 || 3.59 || style="color:green;"| +1.73
| 7 || style="color:green;"| +7
|-
| bgcolor="#FF5E00"|
| align="left"| [[Democratic Force (Costa Rica)|Democratic Force]] (FD)
| 40,114 || 2.64 || style="color:red;"| -3.53
| 4 || style="color:red;"| -20
|-
| bgcolor="#122562"|
| align="left"| [[National Integration Party (Costa Rica)|National Integration Party]] (PIN)
| 25,038 || 1.65 || style="color:red;"| -0.08
| 1 || style="color:red;"| -2
|-
| bgcolor="yellow"|
| align="left"| [[Coalition Change 2000]] (C2000)
| 17,612 || 1.16|| ''New''
| 1 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#8f5100"|
| align="left"| [[Agrarian Labour Action Party]] (PALA)
| 9,225 || 0.61 || style="color:red;"| -0.49
| 2 ||style="color:red;"| -5
|-
| bgcolor="#00d081"|
| align="left"| [[Escazu's Progressive Yoke]] (YPE)
| 7,765 || 0.51 || style="color:red;"| -0.19
| 3 || style="color:red;"| -1
|-
| bgcolor="#D4353F"|
| align="left"| [[National Rescue Party]] (PRESNA)
| 7,510 || 0.49 || style="color:red;"| -0.33
| 1 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#002373"|
| align="left"| Independent Workers' Party (PIO)
| 7,460 || 0.49 || ''New''
| 1 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#FCFFC4"|
| align="left"| National Agrarian Party (PAN)
| 5,032 || 0.33 || style="color:red;"| -0.24
| 1 || style="color:red;"| -4
|-
| bgcolor="#27E3E5"|
| align="left"| Party of the Sun (PdS)
| 4,880 || 0.32|| style="color:green;"| +0.06
| 2 || 0
|-
| bgcolor="#937818"|
| align="left"| Cartago Agrarian Force (FAC)
| 4,024 || 0.27 || style="color:green;"| +0.09
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#ffff00"|
| align="left"| [[21st Century Curridabat]] (CSXXI)
| 3,726 || 0.25 || style="color:red;"| -0.12
| 1 || style="color:red;"| -1
|-
| bgcolor="#c8ff45"|
| align="left"| Authentic Paraisian Party (PAPAR)
| 3,264 || 0.22 || ''New''
| 1 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="black"|
| align="left"| National Convergence Party (PCN)
| 2,927 || 0.19 || style="color:red;"| -0.10
| 0 || style="color:red;"| -1
|-
| bgcolor="#FFEA94"|
| align="left"| General Union Party (PUG)
| 2,495 || 0.16 || style="color:red;"| -0.83
| 0 || style="color:red;"| -3
|-
| bgcolor="#a26900"|
| align="left"| Quepeña Action Party (PAQ)
| 1,956 || 0.13 || ''New''
| 2 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#00d02f"|
| align="left"| Authentic Sarapiquenean Party (PASAR)
| 1,779 || 0.12 || ''New''
| 1 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="yellow"|
| align="left"| New Alajuelita Party (PALNU)
| 1,773 || 0.12 || style="color:green;"| +0.02
| 1 || 0
|-
| bgcolor="orange"|
| align="left"| Humanist Party of Montes de Oca (PH-MdO)
| 1,212|| 0.08 || style="color:red;"| -0.06
| 0 || style="color:red;"| -1
|-
| bgcolor="#87cefa"|
| align="left"| Alliance for San José Party (PASJ)
| 1,127 || 0.07 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#707070"|
| align="left"| Cantonal Action Independent Siquirres Party (PACSI)
| 1,079 || 0.07 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#61A5AE"|
| align="left"| Ecological Garabito Party (PEG)
| 983 || 0.06 || ''New''
| 2 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="orange"|
| align="left"| Humanist Party of San José (PH-SJO)
| 919 || 0.06 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#7DC9FF"|
| align="left"| Golfitenean Action Party (PAGOL)
| 772 || 0.05 || style="color:red;"| -0.00
| 0 || 0
|-
| bgcolor="#2e9eff"|
| align="left"| [[Independent Guanacaste Party]] (PGI)
| 759 || 0.05 || style="color:red;"| -0.14
| 0 || style="color:red;"| -2
|-
| bgcolor="#e76100"|
| align="left"| Independent Belemite Party (PIB)
| 618 || 0.04 || style="color:red;"| -0.06
| 0 || style="color:red;"| -1
|-
| bgcolor="limegreen"|
| align="left"| Limonense Conscience Party (PCL)
| 617 || 0.04 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="orange"|
| align="left"| Humanist Party of Heredia (PH-Her)
| 517 || 0.03 || style="color:red;"| -0.05
| 0 || 0
|-
| bgcolor="royalblue"|
| align="left"| National Patriotic Party (PPN)
| 485 || 0.03 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="#00735b"|
| align="left"| New Corredores Party (PUG)
| 457 || 0.03 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| bgcolor="orange"|
| align="left"| Humanist Party of Barva (PH-Barva)
| 183 || 0.01 || ''New''
| 0 || ''New''
|-
| colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| align="left" colspan="2"| Total
| 1,517,848 || 100.00 || - || 503 || -75
|-
| colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-
| align="left" colspan="2"| Invalid votes
| 51,628 || 3.29 || bgcolor="#E9E9E9" rowspan= "4" colspan="3"|
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| align="left" colspan="2"| Votes cast / turnout
| 1,569,476 || 68.84
|-
| align="left" colspan="2"| Abstentions
| 710,375 || 31.16
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
|-
| align="left" colspan="2"| '''Registered voters'''
| '''2,279,851''' || '''100%'''
|-
| colspan="7" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|
|-
| align="left" colspan="7"| Sources<ref>{{cite web |url=http://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/regiduria/2002/area |title=Elecciones Regidurías 2002 |language=Spanish |website=tse.go.cr |publisher=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |access-date= 21 May 2020}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" colspan="7"|
|}

=== Maps ===
==== President ====
'''First round'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:Turnout-P1-2002.svg|Voter turnout by canton
File:First place president 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-P1-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-P1-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
File:PAC-P-2002.svg|PAC strength by canton
</gallery>
'''Runoff'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:Turnout-P2-2002.svg|Voter turnout by canton
File:First place runoff 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-P2-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-P2-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
</gallery>

==== Parliament ====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:First place congress 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-AL-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-AL-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
File:PAC-AL-2002.svg|PAC strength by canton
File:ML-AL-2002.svg|ML strength by canton
File:PRC-AL-2002.svg|PRC strength by canton
</gallery>
Source: [http://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/ Atlas Electoral]


==References==
==References==
Line 855: Line 484:
{{Costa Rican elections}}
{{Costa Rican elections}}


[[Category:2002 elections in Central America]]
[[Category:2002 elections in Central America|Costa]]
[[Category:2002 in Costa Rica]]
[[Category:2002 in Costa Rica|General]]
[[Category:Elections in Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Parliamentary elections in Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Presidential elections in Costa Rica]]

Latest revision as of 17:50, 25 December 2024

2002 Costa Rican general election
← 1998 3 February 2002 (2002-02-03) (first round)
7 April 2002 (2002-04-07) (second round)		 2006 →
Presidential election
Turnout68.84% (first round) Decrease 1.15pp
60.22% (second round)
 
Nominee Abel Pacheco Rolando Araya
Party PUSC PLN
Popular vote 776,278 563,202
Percentage 57.95% 42.05%
President before election

Miguel Ángel Rodríguez
PUSC

Elected President

Abel Pacheco
PUSC

Parliamentary election
All 57 seats in the Legislative Assembly
29 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
PUSC Abel Pacheco 29.78 19 −8
PLN Rolando Araya Monge 27.10 17 −6
PAC Ottón Solís 21.96 14 New
PML Otto Guevara 9.34 6 +5
PRC Justo Orozco 3.59 1 0
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results by province
Politics of Costa Rica
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations
flag Costa Rica portal

General elections were held in Costa Rica on 3 February 2002.[1] For the first time in the country's history, no candidate in the presidential election passed the 40% threshold.[2] This meant a second round of voting had to be held on 7 April which saw Abel Pacheco of the Social Christian Unity Party defeat the National Liberation Party's Rolando Araya Monge.[3]

Many analysts consider this election the beginning of the end of Costa Rica's decades-long two party system.[4][5][6] For the first time in many years alternative political forces become really relevant in the Parliament and the plenary had three large party groups; PUSC (19), PLN (17) and PAC (14).[7]

While PUSC won the presidential election and the majority in Congress, PLN became the primal opposition force in Parliament. Centre-left PAC with a progressive proposal seem to had gravely affected traditional third forces at the left of the spectrum like Democratic Force that fail to win any seat on that election even when for some years was Costa Rica's main third party.[7] Right-wing Libertarian Movement also increases its representation from one to six deputies[7] while conservative[8] Costa Rican Renewal Party won one seat as usual.[7]

It was the first time in Costa Rica an evangelical Christian party, the Christian National Alliance, nominated a catholic, biologist and professor Marvin Calvo Montoya, as its presidential candidate. It was also the last presidential election of the Christian National Alliance.

Despite the close contest, voter turnout was only 69% on 3 February the lowest since the 1958 elections. For the second round of the presidential elections it fell to 60%, the lowest since 1949.[9]

Background

[edit]

Before the election, the country's Supreme Electoral Tribinal attempted to make several reforms to the electoral system. These included allowing independents to run in local elections, using electronic voting machines, allowing Costa Ricans living abroad to vote, and allowing voters to choose the top two places on parliamentary lists.[2] However, the changes were rejected by the Legislative Assembly, which noted that independent candidature was incompatible with the constitution, and that electronic voting could not be guaranteed to be secure or transparent.[2]

Results

[edit]

President

[edit]
CandidatePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Abel PachecoSocial Christian Unity Party590,27738.58776,27857.95
Rolando Araya MongeNational Liberation Party475,03031.05563,20242.05
Ottón SolísCitizens' Action Party400,68126.19
Otto GuevaraLibertarian Movement25,8151.69
Justo Orozco ÁlvarezCosta Rican Renewal Party16,4041.07
Walter Muñoz Céspedes [es]National Integration Party6,2350.41
Vladimir de la Cruz [es]Democratic Force4,1210.27
Jorge Walter Coto Molina [es]Coalition Change 20003,9700.26
Rolando Angulo ZeledónGeneral Union Party [es]2,6550.17
Daniel Reynolds VargasNational Patriotic Party [es]1,6800.11
Marvin Calvo MontoyaChristian National Alliance Party [es]1,2710.08
José Hine García [es]National Rescue Party9050.06
Pablo Galo Angulo CasasolaIndependent Workers' Party [es]8010.05
Total1,529,845100.001,339,480100.00
Valid votes1,529,84597.481,339,48097.56
Invalid votes32,3322.0627,4572.00
Blank votes7,2410.466,0060.44
Total votes1,569,418100.001,372,943100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,279,85168.842,279,85160.22
Source: Election Resources

By province

[edit]

First round

Province % PUSC % PLN % PAC % ML % PRC % PIN % FD % Other %
 San José 36.6 28.5 31.1 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.7
 Alajuela 37.8 34.1 24.7 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6
 Cartago 35.4 31.8 28.4 1.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.0
 Heredia 36.1 26.8 33.2 1.6 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7
 Puntarenas 45.0 33.8 15.8 2.5 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.9
 Limón 48.6 28.4 14.9 2.8 3.1 0.3 0.4 1.5
 Guanacaste 44.3 40.6 12.1 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.8
Total 38.6 31.1 26.2 1.7 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.9

Second round

Province PUSC % PLN %
 San José 57.7 42.3
 Alajuela 56.1 43.9
 Cartago 55.6 44.4
 Heredia 58.1 41.9
 Puntarenas 59.7 40.3
 Limón 67.0 33.0
 Guanacaste 57.1 42.9
Total 58.0 42.0

Parliament

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Social Christian Unity Party453,20129.7819–8
National Liberation Party412,38327.1017–6
Citizens' Action Party334,16221.9614New
Libertarian Movement142,1529.346+5
Costa Rican Renewal Party54,6993.5910
Democratic Force30,1721.980–3
National Integration Party26,0841.710–1
Coalition Change 200012,9920.850New
Agrarian Labour Action Party10,8900.720–1
Independent Workers' Party [es]8,0440.530New
National Patriotic Party [es]7,1230.470New
Cartago Agrarian Union Party6,9740.4600
Christian National Alliance Party [es]6,8250.450New
General Union Party [es]5,8830.3900
National Rescue Party4,9370.3200
National Agrarian Party [es]2,5950.170New
Cartago Agrarian Force Party1,3900.090New
National Convergence Party1,3480.0900
Total1,521,854100.00570
Valid votes1,521,85496.97
Invalid votes28,4611.81
Blank votes19,0231.21
Total votes1,569,338100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,279,85168.84
Source: Election Resources

By province

[edit]
Province PUSC PLN PAC ML PRC FD PIN Other
% S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S
 San José 27.1 6 24.2 5 27.0 6 11.8 2 3.6 1 1.7 0 1.8 0 2.8 0
 Alajuela 30.2 4 30.5 4 20.7 2 7.5 1 2.8 0 1.3 0 1.4 0 5.4 0
 Cartago 25.7 2 25.4 2 20.8 2 7.3 1 2.0 0 3.7 0 4.5 0 10.4 0
 Heredia 27.5 1 24.3 1 27.6 2 10.7 1 3.5 0 2.3 0 1.0 0 3.0 0
 Puntarenas 37.8 2 29.8 1 12.9 1 10.0 1 4.2 0 1.8 0 0.4 0 3.2 0
 Limón 37.3 2 26.2 2 12.7 1 8.1 1 5.6 0 2.7 0 0.8 0 9.4 0
 Guanacaste 37.9 2 39.1 2 10.3 0 2.8 0 6.2 0 1.2 0 0.4 0 2.2 0
Total 29.8 19 27.1 17 22.0 14 9.3 6 3.6 1 2.0 0 1.7 0 4.6 0

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p155 ISBN 978-0-19-928357-6
  2. ^ a b c Nohlen, p. 150.
  3. ^ "Election profile: Costa Rica". International Foundation for Electoral Systems. 1 September 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
  4. ^ Landsford, Tom (20 March 2014). Political Handbook of the World 2014. ISBN 9781483386263. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  5. ^ Landsford, Tom (2 April 2012). Political Handbook of the World 2012. ISBN 9781608719952. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  6. ^ Greenspana, Eliot; Gill, Nicholas; O'Malley, Charlie; Gilsenan, Patrick; Perill, Jisel. Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 2002. Frommer's Central America.
  7. ^ a b c d "5 February 2002 Legislative Assembly Election Results - Costa Rica Totals". Election Resources. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  8. ^ Lopez, Jaime (18 July 2013). "Civic Groups Move Against Gay Marriage in Costa Rica". Costa Rica Star. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  9. ^ Nohlen, pp. 156–157.
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