Thomas Mytton: Difference between revisions
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{{For|the earlier MP|Thomas Mytton (died ?1563)}} |
{{For|the earlier MP|Thomas Mytton (died ?1563)}} |
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{{short description|Welsh [[Puritan]], soldier and politician (ca.1597-1656)}} |
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{{Use British English|date=February 2021}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}} |
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{{Infobox officeholder |
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[[File:Thomas Mytton Harding.jpg|thumb|Thomas Mytton, 1796 engraving]] |
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General '''Thomas Mytton''' (born c.1597–buried 29 November 1656) was an English officer in the [[Roundhead|Parliamentary]] army during the [[English Civil War]]. |
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| name = Thomas Mytton |
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| honorific-suffix = |
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| image = Thomas Mytton Harding.jpg |
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| alt = |
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| caption = Thomas Mytton, 1796 engraving of original portrait |
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| constituency_MP = [[Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Shropshire]] |
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| term_start = September 1654 |
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| term_end = January 1655 |
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| office2 = [[List of vice-admirals of North Wales|Vice-admiral, North Wales]] |
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| term_start2 = 1647 |
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| term_end2 = 1649 |
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| office3 = [[High Sheriff of Shropshire]] |
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| term_start3 = 1643/1644 |
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| term_end3 = 1645/1646 |
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| birth_name = |
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| birth_date = 1597 |
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| birth_place = [[Halston Hall|Halston]], [[Shropshire]] |
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| death_place = [[London]] |
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| restingplace = [[St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury]] |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1656|11|29|1597|01|1|df=y}} |
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| nationality = |
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| party = [[Roundhead|Parliamentarian]] |
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| otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations--> |
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| spouse = Magdalen Napier (1610-?) |
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| children = Richard (after 1686), Mary plus four others |
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| residence = |
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| alma_mater = [[Balliol College, Oxford]] |
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| occupation = Lawyer, soldier and administrator |
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| profession = |
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| portfolio = |
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| signature = |
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<!--Military service--> |
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| allegiance = {{flagcountry|Kingdom of England}} |
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| branch = |
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| serviceyears = 1642 to 1648 |
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| rank = [[Major General]] |
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| unit = |
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| commands = |
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| battles = '''[[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]]''' <br> [[Battle of Gainsborough|Gainsborough]]; [[Relief of Newark]]; Battle of [[Melton Mowbray]]; [[Battle of Naseby|Naseby]]; Siege of [[Newark-on-Trent|Newark]]; <br> '''[[Second English Civil War]]''' <br> }} |
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[[Major General]] '''Thomas Mytton''', circa 1597 to November 1656, was a lawyer from [[Oswestry]] who served in the [[Roundhead|Parliamentarian]] army during the [[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]] and as [[Member of Parliament|MP]] for [[Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Shropshire]] in the [[First Protectorate Parliament]]. |
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==Personal details== |
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==Origins== |
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Thomas Mytton was born about 1597, the son of Richard and Margaret Mytton of [[Halston Hall|Halston]], [[Shropshire]]. His sister Sarah married [[Sir Edward Acton, 1st Baronet]].{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=17}} |
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In 1629, Mytton married Magdalen Napier (1610-before 1656), daughter of [[Sir Robert Napier, 1st Baronet, of Luton Hoo|Sir Robert Napier]] (1560–1637), and [[sister-in-law]] of [[Thomas Myddelton (younger)|Sir Thomas Myddelton]]. They had at least six children who survived into adulthood, including Richard, Mary, wife of the [[Cavalier|Royalist]] Sir Thomas Harris and another who married [[Roger Pope]], a colonel in the [[Roundhead|Parliamentarian]] army. His 1656 will left individual bequests to three unmarried daughters, so there may well have been more.{{sfn|Roberts|2004}} |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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Mytton matriculated at [[Balliol College]], Oxford, on 11 May 1615, aged 18. He became a student of [[Lincoln's Inn]] in 1616. |
Mytton matriculated at [[Balliol College]], Oxford, on 11 May 1615, aged 18. He became a student of [[Lincoln's Inn]] in 1616. |
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{{Location map many|Wales|caption = Shropshire and North Wales, key locations, 1642 to 1648|relief=yes|border = black| width = 300| float = left |
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|label = Oswestry|pos=left|lat_deg= 52.8598|lon_deg = -3.0538 |
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|label2 = Wem|pos2=bottom|lat2_deg= 52.8536|lon2_deg = -2.7267 |
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|label3 = Shrewsbury|pos3=left|lat3_deg= 52.708|lon3_deg = -2.754 |
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|label4 = Conwy|pos4= top|lat4_deg=53.28|lon4_deg = -3.83 |
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|label5 = Denbigh|pos5=left|lat5_deg=53.1854|lon5_deg = -3.4178 |
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|label6 = Ellesmere|pos6=top|lat6_deg=52.9082|lon6_deg = -2.8944 |
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|label7 = Chepstow|pos7=left|lat7_deg=51|lat7_min = 38 |lon7_deg = -2 |lon7_min = -41 |
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|label8 = Anglesey|pos8=left|lat8_deg= 53|lat8_min= 16|lon8_deg = -4 |lon8_min = -20 |
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|label9 = Harlech|pos9=left|lat9_deg= 52.89|lon9_deg = -4.109 |
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|label14 = Chester|pos14=top|lat14_deg= 53|lat14_min= 11|lon14_deg = -2 |lon14_min = -53 |
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|label18 = Ruthin|pos18=right|lat18_deg=53.115|lon18_deg = -3.312 |
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|label21 = Montgomery|pos21=bottom|lat21_deg=52.56253|lon21_deg = -3.15061 |
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}} |
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On 10 April 1643 the Parliament associated Shropshire with [[Warwickshire]] and [[Staffordshire]] under the command of [[Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh]], Mytton being named as one of the committee for Shropshire. On 11 September 1643 Sir Thomas Myddelton and Mytton together seized [[Wem]], and established there the first parliamentary garrison in Shropshire. Mytton was made governor, and in October defeated Lord Capel's attempt to recapture the town. On 12 January 1644 he surprised the cavaliers at [[Ellesmere, Shropshire|Ellesmere]], capturing [[Sir Nicholas Byron]], [[Sir Richard Willis]], and a convoy of ammunition. On 23 June 1644 Mytton, in conjunction with Lord Denbigh, captured [[Oswestry]], and succeeded in holding it against a royalist attempt at recapture. He was appointed Governor of Oswestry, and the newspapers were full of praise. On 22 February 1645 he took part in the capture of [[Shrewsbury]], though the credit was disputed between Mytton and Lieutenant-Colonel Reinking.{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=16}} |
On 10 April 1643 the Parliament associated Shropshire with [[Warwickshire]] and [[Staffordshire]] under the command of [[Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh]], Mytton being named as one of the committee for Shropshire. On 11 September 1643 Sir Thomas Myddelton and Mytton together seized [[Wem]], and established there the first parliamentary garrison in Shropshire. Mytton was made governor, and in October defeated Lord Capel's attempt to recapture the town. On 12 January 1644 he surprised the cavaliers at [[Ellesmere, Shropshire|Ellesmere]], capturing [[Sir Nicholas Byron]], [[Sir Richard Willis]], and a convoy of ammunition. On 23 June 1644 Mytton, in conjunction with Lord Denbigh, captured [[Oswestry]], and succeeded in holding it against a royalist attempt at recapture. He was appointed Governor of Oswestry, and the newspapers were full of praise. On 22 February 1645 he took part in the capture of [[Shrewsbury]], though the credit was disputed between Mytton and Lieutenant-Colonel Reinking.{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=16}} |
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On the passing of the [[self-denying ordinance]] Sir Thomas Myddelton, a sitting member of parliament, was obliged to lay down his commission, and Mytton succeeded to his post as commander-in-chief of the forces of the six counties of North Wales, 12 May 1645. He was also appointed [[High Sheriff of Shropshire]], 30 September 1645. From this point he is frequently described as Major-General Mytton. He took part in the defeat of [[William Vaughan (Royalist)|Sir William Vaughan]] near [[Denbigh]] on 1 November 1645, frustrating the royalist attempts to relieve [[Chester]]. Once Chester had fallen, Mytton went on to besiege the rest of the royalist garrisons in North Wales: [[Ruthin]] (12 April 1646), [[Caernarfon|Carnarvon]] (5 June 1646), [[Beaumaris]] (14 June 1646), [[Conwy]] town and castle (9 August, 18 November 1646), Denbigh (26 October 1646), [[Holt Castle]] (13 January 1647), and [[Harlech Castle]] (15 March 1647) surrendered in turn to Mytton's forces. Parliament maintained Mytton as commander-in-chief in North Wales when the army was disbanded (8 April 1647), and appointed him vice-admiral of North Wales in place of Glyn (30 December 1647). He was also granted £5,000 out of the estates of royalist delinquents.{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=16}} |
On the passing of the [[self-denying ordinance]] Sir Thomas Myddelton, a sitting member of parliament, was obliged to lay down his commission, and Mytton succeeded to his post as commander-in-chief of the forces of the six counties of North Wales, 12 May 1645. He was also appointed [[High Sheriff of Shropshire]], 30 September 1645. From this point he is frequently described as Major-General Mytton. He took part in the defeat of [[William Vaughan (Royalist)|Sir William Vaughan]] near [[Denbigh]] on 1 November 1645, frustrating the royalist attempts to relieve [[Chester]]. Once Chester had fallen, Mytton went on to besiege the rest of the royalist garrisons in North Wales: [[Ruthin]] (12 April 1646), [[Caernarfon|Carnarvon]] (5 June 1646), [[Beaumaris]] (14 June 1646), [[Conwy]] town and castle (9 August, 18 November 1646), Denbigh (26 October 1646), [[Holt Castle]] (13 January 1647), and [[Harlech Castle]] (15 March 1647) surrendered in turn to Mytton's forces. Parliament maintained Mytton as commander-in-chief in North Wales when the army was disbanded (8 April 1647), and appointed him vice-admiral of North Wales in place of Glyn (30 December 1647). He was also granted £5,000 out of the estates of royalist delinquents.{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=16}} |
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In the [[Second English Civil War|Second Civil War]] Mytton was again active on the parliamentary side, and recovered [[Anglesey]] from the royalists. The king's execution did not shake his adherence to the parliament, and in September 1651 he agreed to act as a member of the court-martial which sentenced [[James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby]] to death. He represented [[Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Shropshire]] in the first Protectorate Parliament convened by [[Oliver Cromwell]] in 1654.{{sfn|Firth|1894|pp=16–17}} |
In the [[Second English Civil War|Second Civil War]] Mytton was again active on the parliamentary side, and recovered [[Anglesey]] from the royalists. The king's execution did not shake his adherence to the parliament, and in September 1651 he agreed to act as a member of the court-martial which sentenced [[James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby]] to death. He represented [[Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Shropshire]] in the first Protectorate Parliament convened by [[Oliver Cromwell]] in 1654.{{sfn|Firth|1894|pp=16–17}} He died in [[London]] in November 1656 and was buried on 29 November in [[St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury]].{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=17}} |
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==References== |
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==Marriage and children== |
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In 1629 Mytton married Margaret (or Magdalen) Napier, a daughter of [[Sir Robert Napier, 1st Baronet, of Luton Hoo]] in [[Bedfordshire]] (1560–1637), and a sister of the second wife of General [[Thomas Myddelton (younger)|Sir Thomas Myddelton]] of [[Chirk]], his fellow Parliamentarian commander during the Civil War, a connection to the parliamentary party in the heavily royalist county of Shropshire.{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=16}} By Margaret he had children including: |
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*Richard Mytton, [[Sheriff of Shropshire]] in 1686. |
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*Mary Mytton, wife of the royalist Sir Thomas Harris of Boreatton. |
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*Another daughter married Colonel [[Roger Pope]], a parliamentarian. |
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==Death and burial== |
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Mytton died in [[London]] in 1656, aged about fifty-nine, and was buried on 29 November in the Old [[St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury]].{{sfn|Firth|1894|p=17}} |
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==See also== |
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*[[John Mytton]] |
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*[[Halston Hall]] |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== |
==Sources== |
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*{{DNB |first=Charles Harding |last=Firth |wstitle=Mytton, Thomas |volume=40|pages=16–17}} |
*{{DNB |first=Charles Harding |last=Firth |wstitle=Mytton, Thomas |volume=40|pages=16–17}} |
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* {{cite odnb|last=Roberts|first=Stephen|id=19714|title=Mytton, Thomas|year=2004}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mytton, Thomas}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mytton, Thomas}} |
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[[Category:English generals]] |
[[Category:English generals]] |
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[[Category:Roundheads]] |
[[Category:Roundheads]] |
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[[Category:People from Shropshire]] |
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[[Category:High Sheriffs of Shropshire]] |
[[Category:High Sheriffs of Shropshire]] |
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[[Category:English MPs 1654–1655]] |
[[Category:English MPs 1654–1655]] |
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[[Category:Military personnel of the English Civil War]] |
[[Category:Military personnel of the English Civil War]] |
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[[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]] |
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[[Category:Members of Lincoln's Inn]] |
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Revision as of 10:51, 23 March 2021
Thomas Mytton | |
|---|---|
 Thomas Mytton, 1796 engraving of original portrait | |
| Member of Parliament for Shropshire | |
| In office September 1654 – January 1655 | |
| Vice-admiral, North Wales | |
| In office 1647–1649 | |
| High Sheriff of Shropshire | |
| In office 1643/1644–1645/1646 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1597 Halston, Shropshire |
| Died | 29 November 1656 (aged 59) London |
| Resting place | St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury |
| Political party | Parliamentarian |
| Spouse | Magdalen Napier (1610-?) |
| Children | Richard (after 1686), Mary plus four others |
| Alma mater | Balliol College, Oxford |
| Occupation | Lawyer, soldier and administrator |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  England |
| Years of service | 1642 to 1648 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Battles/wars | Wars of the Three Kingdoms Gainsborough; Relief of Newark; Battle of Melton Mowbray; Naseby; Siege of Newark; Second English Civil War |
Major General Thomas Mytton, circa 1597 to November 1656, was a lawyer from Oswestry who served in the Parliamentarian army during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and as MP for Shropshire in the First Protectorate Parliament.
Personal details
Thomas Mytton was born about 1597, the son of Richard and Margaret Mytton of Halston, Shropshire. His sister Sarah married Sir Edward Acton, 1st Baronet.[1]
In 1629, Mytton married Magdalen Napier (1610-before 1656), daughter of Sir Robert Napier (1560–1637), and sister-in-law of Sir Thomas Myddelton. They had at least six children who survived into adulthood, including Richard, Mary, wife of the Royalist Sir Thomas Harris and another who married Roger Pope, a colonel in the Parliamentarian army. His 1656 will left individual bequests to three unmarried daughters, so there may well have been more.[2]
Career
Mytton matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, on 11 May 1615, aged 18. He became a student of Lincoln's Inn in 1616.
On 10 April 1643 the Parliament associated Shropshire with Warwickshire and Staffordshire under the command of Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh, Mytton being named as one of the committee for Shropshire. On 11 September 1643 Sir Thomas Myddelton and Mytton together seized Wem, and established there the first parliamentary garrison in Shropshire. Mytton was made governor, and in October defeated Lord Capel's attempt to recapture the town. On 12 January 1644 he surprised the cavaliers at Ellesmere, capturing Sir Nicholas Byron, Sir Richard Willis, and a convoy of ammunition. On 23 June 1644 Mytton, in conjunction with Lord Denbigh, captured Oswestry, and succeeded in holding it against a royalist attempt at recapture. He was appointed Governor of Oswestry, and the newspapers were full of praise. On 22 February 1645 he took part in the capture of Shrewsbury, though the credit was disputed between Mytton and Lieutenant-Colonel Reinking.[3]
On the passing of the self-denying ordinance Sir Thomas Myddelton, a sitting member of parliament, was obliged to lay down his commission, and Mytton succeeded to his post as commander-in-chief of the forces of the six counties of North Wales, 12 May 1645. He was also appointed High Sheriff of Shropshire, 30 September 1645. From this point he is frequently described as Major-General Mytton. He took part in the defeat of Sir William Vaughan near Denbigh on 1 November 1645, frustrating the royalist attempts to relieve Chester. Once Chester had fallen, Mytton went on to besiege the rest of the royalist garrisons in North Wales: Ruthin (12 April 1646), Carnarvon (5 June 1646), Beaumaris (14 June 1646), Conwy town and castle (9 August, 18 November 1646), Denbigh (26 October 1646), Holt Castle (13 January 1647), and Harlech Castle (15 March 1647) surrendered in turn to Mytton's forces. Parliament maintained Mytton as commander-in-chief in North Wales when the army was disbanded (8 April 1647), and appointed him vice-admiral of North Wales in place of Glyn (30 December 1647). He was also granted £5,000 out of the estates of royalist delinquents.[3]
In the Second Civil War Mytton was again active on the parliamentary side, and recovered Anglesey from the royalists. The king's execution did not shake his adherence to the parliament, and in September 1651 he agreed to act as a member of the court-martial which sentenced James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby to death. He represented Shropshire in the first Protectorate Parliament convened by Oliver Cromwell in 1654.[4] He died in London in November 1656 and was buried on 29 November in St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury.[1]
References
- ^ a b Firth 1894, p. 17.
- ^ Roberts 2004.
- ^ a b Firth 1894, p. 16.
- ^ Firth 1894, pp. 16–17.
Sources
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Firth, Charles Harding (1894). "Mytton, Thomas". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 40. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 16–17.- Roberts, Stephen (2004). "Mytton, Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19714. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)