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Saint '''Éogan''', (pronounced "Own") was the founder of the monastery of [[Ardstraw]].<ref name=flood>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05480a.htm Grattan-Flood, William. "Sts. Eoghan." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 17 Nov. 2014]</ref>
Saint '''Éogan''', (pronounced "Ewen") was the founder of the monastery of [[Ardstraw]].<ref name=flood>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05480a.htm Grattan-Flood, William. "Sts. Eoghan." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 17 Nov. 2014]</ref>


==Name==
==Name==
The name {{lang|ga|[[Éogan]]}} is an [[Old Irish|early Irish]] male name, derived from the [[Primitive Irish]] ''*{{lang|pgl|Iwagenas}}'',<ref>Macalister, R. A. S. {{lang|la|Corpus Inscriptionum Insularum Celticarum}} Vol. I. (1945) Dublin: Stationery Office</ref> and equates to the Welsh {{lang|cy|[[Owain]]}} and the Latin [[Eugene (given name)|Eugene]]. In more modern forms of Irish it is written as '''{{lang|ga|Eóghan}}''' or '''{{lang|ga|Eoghan}}''' (/'oːəun/).<ref name="UK surnames:Owen">''Surnames of the United Kingdom'' (1912), reprinted for Clearfield Company, INC by Genealogical Publishing Co. INC, Baltimore 1995, 1996. Cormic gives this origin for Eogan (one MS, Eogen); and Zimmer considers Owen to be borrowed from Latin {{lang|la|Eugens}}, as noted by MacBain, p. 400. The mediaeval Latinization of Owen as {{lang|la|Oenus}} led to a belief that the etymology was the Welsh and Breton {{lang|cy|oen}}, "lamb". With much stronger reason it was at one time considered that the name represented Irish {{lang|ga|eoghunn}} = Gael. {{lang|ga|Ogan-}} [f. Old Irish {{lang|sga|oc-}} Welsh {{lang|cy|og}}, young], ‘youth’. ''Surnames of the United Kingdom'' cites Tomás Ua Concheanainn, {{lang|ga|Mion-Chomhrádh}} (p. 126), that "{{lang|ga|Eóghan}} is a diminutive of {{lang|ga|Eóghainin}}, = Owain, Eugene"</ref>
The name Eoghan means "born under the (protection of the sacred) [[Taxus baccata|yew tree]]".<ref name=parish>[http://parishofardstraweast.com/StEugene.htm "Saint Eugene, Patron of the Derry Diocese", Parish of Ardstraw East]</ref>
The yew was believed to be the oldest tree. Its wood was hard and difficult to work, used for war and peace, for domestic vessels and door posts, for spears and shields. It had to be treated with care because its berries are toxic. The name Eoghan then already had a religious significance in pagan Ireland.<ref name=diocese>[http://www.derrydiocese.org/steugene.asp Devlin PP, Rev. Kieran. "Saint Eugene, Patron of the Diocese", Derry Diocese] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304184601/http://www.derrydiocese.org/steugene.asp |date=4 March 2013 }}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
Eogan was born in [[Leinster]]. According to his ''Vita'', Eoghan was born the son of Cainneach and Muindeacha. His mother is said to have been of the Mugdorna of south-east Ulster. These people seem to have had some contact with the Laighin (who gave their name to Leinster), to whom his father Cainneach belonged. Since this is the area where Christianity first reached Ireland it may well be that Eoghan's father's family had been Christian for some time. As a boy he studied at [[Clones, County Monaghan|Clones]], and it was from there that he was carried off to Britain by pirates, and subsequently he was taken captive to Brittany, together with [[Dál nAraidi in Tuaiscirt|Cairbre of Coleraine]] and St. [[Tighernach of Clones|Tighernach]], who is best known as the founder of the abbey of Clones, Co. Monaghan. On obtaining his freedom, he went to study at St. [[Ninian]]'s [[Candida Casa]]. Others said to have studied with Ninian include [[Finnian of Moville]]. He may also have spent some time in Brittany (Armorica).<ref name=Duffy>[https://www.catholicireland.net/saintoftheday/saint-eoghan-or-eugene-of-ardstraw-6th-century-patron-of-derry-diocese/ Duffy, Patrick. "Saint Eoghan or Eugene of Ardstraw 6th century (Patron of Derry Diocese)", Catholic Ireland, 23 August 2012]</ref> Returning to Ireland, he made a foundation at [[Kilnamanagh]], in the [[Wicklow]] hills.<ref name=flood/>
Éogan was born in [[Leinster]]. According to his ''Vita'', Eoghan was born the son of Cainneach and Muindeacha. His mother is said to have been of the Mugdorna of south-east Ulster. These people seem to have had some contact with the Laighin (who gave their name to Leinster), to whom his father Cainneach belonged. Since this is the area where Christianity first reached Ireland it may well be that Eoghan's father's family had been Christian for some time. As a boy he studied at [[Clones, County Monaghan|Clones]], and it was from there that he was carried off to Britain by pirates, and subsequently he was taken captive to Brittany, together with [[Dál nAraidi in Tuaiscirt|Cairbre of Coleraine]] and St. [[Tighernach of Clones|Tighernach]], who is best known as the founder of the abbey of Clones, Co. Monaghan. On obtaining his freedom, he went to study at St. [[Ninian]]'s [[Candida Casa]]. Others said to have studied with Ninian include [[Finnian of Moville]]. He may also have spent some time in Brittany (Armorica).<ref name=Duffy>[https://www.catholicireland.net/saintoftheday/saint-eoghan-or-eugene-of-ardstraw-6th-century-patron-of-derry-diocese/ Duffy, Patrick. "Saint Eoghan or Eugene of Ardstraw 6th century (Patron of Derry Diocese)", Catholic Ireland, 23 August 2012]</ref> Returning to Ireland, he made a foundation at [[Kilnamanagh]], in the [[Wicklow]] hills.<ref name=flood/>


After presiding over the Abbey of [[Kilnamanagh]] (Co. Wicklow) for fifteen years, he settled in the valley of [[River Mourne|Mourne]] (Co. Tyrone), his mother's country, about the year 576. It is reasonable to assume that Eoghan came north not just as a missionary to pagans, but also ‘as a pilgrim for the sake of Christ’ in exile. It was not necessary to go abroad to do this. Due to the division of Ireland into a grid of independent states or tuatha, exile meant leaving one’s own and taking one’s chances in another tuath. Without personal resources one had no honour or personal standing outside one’s own tuath.<ref name=parish/> He was followed by many disciples including his kinsman, St. [[Kevin of Glendalough]], who completed his studies under this saint.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/livesofirishsain08ohanuoft#page/334/mode/2up O'Hanlon, John. ''Lives of the Irish Saints'', Vol. VIII, "August 23", James Duffy and Sons, Dublin]</ref> So great was the fame of the sanctity and learning of St. Eoghan, at Mourne, that he was consecrated first Bishop of Ardstraw about the year 581.<ref name=flood/>
After presiding over the Abbey of [[Kilnamanagh]] (Co. Wicklow) for fifteen years, he settled in the valley of [[River Mourne|Mourne]] (Co. Tyrone), his mother's country, about the year 576. It is reasonable to assume that Eoghan came north not just as a missionary to pagans, but also ‘as a pilgrim for the sake of Christ’ in exile. It was not necessary to go abroad to do this. Due to the division of Ireland into a grid of independent states or [[túath]]a, exile meant leaving one’s own and taking one’s chances in another túath. Without personal resources one had no honour or personal standing outside one’s own túath. He was followed by many disciples including his kinsman, St. [[Kevin of Glendalough]], who completed his studies under this saint.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/livesofirishsain08ohanuoft#page/334/mode/2up O'Hanlon, John. ''Lives of the Irish Saints'', Vol. VIII, "August 23", James Duffy and Sons, Dublin]</ref> So great was the fame of the sanctity and learning of St. Eoghan, at Mourne, that he was consecrated first Bishop of Ardstraw about the year 581.<ref name=flood/>


His ''Vita'' contains a number of miracle stories. While going through the forest Craoibheach (modern day ''Cruagh'', a townland near Wicklow) he sang fifty psalms and when his attendant answered "Amen" at the end of the Lord's Prayer the trees all around also answered "Amen". It also mentions his close relations with Tighernach of Clones and Cairbre of Coleraine, which might indicate an alliance of monasteries threatened by the dominance of Armagh.<ref name=Duffy/>
His ''Vita'' contains a number of miracle stories. While going through the forest Craoibheach (modern day ''Cruagh'', a townland near Wicklow) he sang fifty psalms and when his attendant answered "Amen" at the end of the Lord's Prayer the trees all around also answered "Amen". It also mentions his close relations with Tighernach of Clones and Cairbre of Coleraine, which might indicate an alliance of monasteries threatened by the dominance of Armagh.<ref name=Duffy/>


It is difficult to give his chronology with any degree of exactness, but the Irish annalists give the date of his death as 23 Aug. 618. His name is generally Latinized as Eugenius, but the Irish form is Eoghan (Owen).{{fact|date=September 2020}}
It is difficult to give his chronology with any degree of exactness, but the Irish annalists give the date of his death as 23 Aug. 618.{{fact|date=September 2020}}


==Veneration==
==Veneration==

Revision as of 23:50, 15 October 2021

Saint Eoghan
Bornunknown
Diedc. 618
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Feast23 August (Catholic)
Attributesunknown
PatronageSee of Derry

Saint Éogan, (pronounced "Ewen") was the founder of the monastery of Ardstraw.[1]

Name

The name Éogan is an early Irish male name, derived from the Primitive Irish *Iwagenas,[2] and equates to the Welsh Owain and the Latin Eugene. In more modern forms of Irish it is written as Eóghan or Eoghan (/'oːəun/).[3]

Life

Éogan was born in Leinster. According to his Vita, Eoghan was born the son of Cainneach and Muindeacha. His mother is said to have been of the Mugdorna of south-east Ulster. These people seem to have had some contact with the Laighin (who gave their name to Leinster), to whom his father Cainneach belonged. Since this is the area where Christianity first reached Ireland it may well be that Eoghan's father's family had been Christian for some time. As a boy he studied at Clones, and it was from there that he was carried off to Britain by pirates, and subsequently he was taken captive to Brittany, together with Cairbre of Coleraine and St. Tighernach, who is best known as the founder of the abbey of Clones, Co. Monaghan. On obtaining his freedom, he went to study at St. Ninian's Candida Casa. Others said to have studied with Ninian include Finnian of Moville. He may also have spent some time in Brittany (Armorica).[4] Returning to Ireland, he made a foundation at Kilnamanagh, in the Wicklow hills.[1]

After presiding over the Abbey of Kilnamanagh (Co. Wicklow) for fifteen years, he settled in the valley of Mourne (Co. Tyrone), his mother's country, about the year 576. It is reasonable to assume that Eoghan came north not just as a missionary to pagans, but also ‘as a pilgrim for the sake of Christ’ in exile. It was not necessary to go abroad to do this. Due to the division of Ireland into a grid of independent states or túatha, exile meant leaving one’s own and taking one’s chances in another túath. Without personal resources one had no honour or personal standing outside one’s own túath. He was followed by many disciples including his kinsman, St. Kevin of Glendalough, who completed his studies under this saint.[5] So great was the fame of the sanctity and learning of St. Eoghan, at Mourne, that he was consecrated first Bishop of Ardstraw about the year 581.[1]

His Vita contains a number of miracle stories. While going through the forest Craoibheach (modern day Cruagh, a townland near Wicklow) he sang fifty psalms and when his attendant answered "Amen" at the end of the Lord's Prayer the trees all around also answered "Amen". It also mentions his close relations with Tighernach of Clones and Cairbre of Coleraine, which might indicate an alliance of monasteries threatened by the dominance of Armagh.[4]

It is difficult to give his chronology with any degree of exactness, but the Irish annalists give the date of his death as 23 Aug. 618.[citation needed]

Veneration

St. Eoghan is the patron saint of the See of Derry. His feast is celebrated on 23 August.[4]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Grattan-Flood, William. "Sts. Eoghan." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 17 Nov. 2014
  2. ^ Macalister, R. A. S. Corpus Inscriptionum Insularum Celticarum Vol. I. (1945) Dublin: Stationery Office
  3. ^ Surnames of the United Kingdom (1912), reprinted for Clearfield Company, INC by Genealogical Publishing Co. INC, Baltimore 1995, 1996. Cormic gives this origin for Eogan (one MS, Eogen); and Zimmer considers Owen to be borrowed from Latin Eugens, as noted by MacBain, p. 400. The mediaeval Latinization of Owen as Oenus led to a belief that the etymology was the Welsh and Breton oen, "lamb". With much stronger reason it was at one time considered that the name represented Irish eoghunn = Gael. Ogan- [f. Old Irish oc- Welsh og, young], ‘youth’. Surnames of the United Kingdom cites Tomás Ua Concheanainn, Mion-Chomhrádh (p. 126), that "Eóghan is a diminutive of Eóghainin, = Owain, Eugene"
  4. ^ a b c Duffy, Patrick. "Saint Eoghan or Eugene of Ardstraw 6th century (Patron of Derry Diocese)", Catholic Ireland, 23 August 2012
  5. ^ O'Hanlon, John. Lives of the Irish Saints, Vol. VIII, "August 23", James Duffy and Sons, Dublin
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