W.C. and A.N. Miller: Difference between revisions
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William Cammack and Allison Nailor Miller, brothers who grew up in [[Cleveland Park]], were given $2,000 and two vacant lots in the [Pleasant Plains (Washington, D.C.)|[Pleasant Plains]] area of [[Northwest (Washington, D.C.)|Northwest Washington]] by their mother, as an incentive to go into business.<ref name="wapo">{{citation|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/realestate/2000/01/15/a-strong-finish/fe366f9e-34c8-4d80-afda-b7e4108c9ff1/|title=A Strong Finish|first=Linda|last=Wheeler|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=January 15, 2000|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> They built two brick residences at 757 and 759 Kenyon Street, N.W., designed by Kendall & Smith, and in 1912 formed the W.C. & A.N. Miller Development Company.<ref name="dcbdd" /> |
William Cammack and Allison Nailor Miller, brothers who grew up in [[Cleveland Park]], were given $2,000 and two vacant lots in the [Pleasant Plains (Washington, D.C.)|[Pleasant Plains]] area of [[Northwest (Washington, D.C.)|Northwest Washington]] by their mother, as an incentive to go into business.<ref name="wapo">{{citation|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/realestate/2000/01/15/a-strong-finish/fe366f9e-34c8-4d80-afda-b7e4108c9ff1/|title=A Strong Finish|first=Linda|last=Wheeler|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=January 15, 2000|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> They built two brick residences at 757 and 759 Kenyon Street, N.W., designed by Kendall & Smith, and in 1912 formed the W.C. & A.N. Miller Development Company.<ref name="dcbdd" /> |
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For the next decade or so, they focused on building and selling residences in areas such as Cleveland Park, [[Woodley Park (Washington, D.C.)|Woodley Park]], and [[Petworth (Washington, D.C.)|Petworth]], mostly [[Terraced house#Washington, D.C.|rowhouse]]s. These proved highly popular, bringing acclaim to the company.<ref name="dcbdd" /> In 1923, they acquired vacant land and began development of their first subdivision, Wesley Heights, with most buildings designed by Gordon MacNeil, who had joined in 1914.<ref name="dcbdd=macneil">{{citation|url=https://planning.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/op/publication/attachments/Builder%20and%20Developer%20Biographies%20%20K%20through%20M.pdf|title=Gordon Earl MacNeil|work=DC Builders & Developers Directory|publisher=District of Columbia Office of Planning|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> |
For the next decade or so, they focused on building and selling residences in areas such as Cleveland Park, [[Woodley Park (Washington, D.C.)|Woodley Park]], and [[Petworth (Washington, D.C.)|Petworth]], mostly [[Terraced house#Washington, D.C.|rowhouse]]s. These proved highly popular, bringing acclaim to the company.<ref name="dcbdd" /> In 1923, they acquired vacant land and began development of their first subdivision, Wesley Heights, with most buildings designed by Gordon MacNeil, who had joined in 1914.<ref name="dcbdd=macneil">{{citation|url=https://planning.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/op/publication/attachments/Builder%20and%20Developer%20Biographies%20%20K%20through%20M.pdf|title=Gordon Earl MacNeil|work=DC Builders & Developers Directory|publisher=District of Columbia Office of Planning|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> |
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After World War I, the U.S. Army vacated land owned by [[American University]] it had been using, and the university in turn began selling off this land, much of it to W.C. & A.N. Miller.<ref name="vilensky">{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cFb9LjlZUw0C&pg=PA122|title=Dew of Death: The Story of Lewisite, America's World War I Weapon of Mass Destruction|first=Joel A.|last=Vilensky|publisher=Indiana University Press|date=September 7, 2005}}</ref> In 1925, they began development of Spring Valley on this land, targeted at the wealthy, which was widely acclaimed.<ref name="wapo1940">{{citation|title=""}}</ref> Wesley Heights and Spring Valley were modeled on planned communities in [[Shaker Heights, Ohio]], with the Millers seeking to develop it into the "Garden Spot of Washington.<ref name="testimony" /> |
After World War I, the U.S. Army vacated land owned by [[American University]] it had been using, and the university in turn began selling off this land, much of it to W.C. & A.N. Miller.<ref name="vilensky">{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cFb9LjlZUw0C&pg=PA122|title=Dew of Death: The Story of Lewisite, America's World War I Weapon of Mass Destruction|first=Joel A.|last=Vilensky|publisher=Indiana University Press|date=September 7, 2005}}</ref> In 1925, they began development of Spring Valley on this land, targeted at the wealthy, which was widely acclaimed.<ref name="wapo1940">{{citation|title=""}}</ref> Wesley Heights and Spring Valley were modeled on planned communities in [[Shaker Heights, Ohio]], with the Millers seeking to develop it into the "Garden Spot of Washington.<ref name="testimony" /> |
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In 1929 they began work with Edward R. Spano, who joined the company as a draftsman and rose to chief architect after MacNeil's death, a position he held until his death in 1993.<ref name="spano">{{citation|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1993/01/07/designer-and-architect-edward-r-spano-dies/025a1c9a-2eac-4725-8e92-eb9a48c1b08d/|title=Designer and Architect Edward R. Spano Dies|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 7, 1993|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> The company was incorporated in 1926.<ref name="testimony">{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uzlbr63z4IcC&pg=PA39|title=Spring Valley—Toxic Waste Contamination in the Nation's Capital (Testimony of Edward J. Miller, Jr.): U.S. House Committee on Government Reform, Subcommittee on the District of Columbia|author=107th Congress|date=July 27, 2001}}</ref> |
In 1929 they began work with Edward R. Spano, who joined the company as a draftsman and rose to chief architect after MacNeil's death, a position he held until his death in 1993.<ref name="spano">{{citation|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1993/01/07/designer-and-architect-edward-r-spano-dies/025a1c9a-2eac-4725-8e92-eb9a48c1b08d/|title=Designer and Architect Edward R. Spano Dies|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 7, 1993|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> The company was incorporated in 1926.<ref name="testimony">{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uzlbr63z4IcC&pg=PA39|title=Spring Valley—Toxic Waste Contamination in the Nation's Capital (Testimony of Edward J. Miller, Jr.): U.S. House Committee on Government Reform, Subcommittee on the District of Columbia|author=107th Congress|date=July 27, 2001}}</ref> |
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William C. Miller died in 1939. Allison N. Miller remained active with the company until his own death in 1951, as the company built its first Sumner subdivision in Bethesda, Sumner, named after [[Fort Sumner (Maryland)|Fort Sumner]] in what is now [[Brookmont, Maryland|Brookmont]]. Allison's son, Edward J. "Ted" Miller<ref name="ffxc" /> |
William C. Miller died in 1939. Allison N. Miller remained active with the company until his own death in 1951, as the company built its first Sumner subdivision in Bethesda, Sumner, named after [[Fort Sumner (Maryland)|Fort Sumner]] in what is now [[Brookmont, Maryland|Brookmont]]. Allison's son, Edward J. "Ted" Miller,<ref name="ffxc" /> assumed the presidency, who was in turn succeeded by his son, Edward J. Miller, Jr.<ref name="testimony" /> The firm expanded into realty, moving, home improvement, lending, and commercial and residential management over the next several decades. |
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During the [[civil rights movement|Civil Rights Movement]], the company came under fire for its use of [[covenant (law)#Exclusionary covenants|racially discriminatory covenants]], which had been [[Shelley v. Kraemer|declared unenforceable]] by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1948. In 1959 hearings before the [[United States Commission on Civil Rights|U.S. Commission on Civil Rights]], testimony noted bars against ownership by Jews in areas controlled by the Miller Companies including Wesley Heights and Sumner, with Spring Valley cited to be "of particular significance" owing to the prominence of its residents.<ref name="uscvr">{{citation|title=Hearings before the United States Commission on Civil Rights: Housing (Statement of Eugene L. Sugarman)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfmjs_GvNfEC&pg=PA405&lpg=PA405|page=405|year=1959|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> Members of the public also cited the company's past discrimination in testifying against Washington awarding an [[urban renewal]] contract to an affiliated company in 1961.<ref name="h4h">{{citation|url=https://blog.historian4hire.net/2018/02/21/the-ghosts-of-covenants-past/|title=The ghosts of covenants past|work=History Sidebar blog|date=February 21, 2018|access-date=2021-07-12|first=David|last=Rotenstein}}</ref> |
During the [[civil rights movement|Civil Rights Movement]], the company came under fire for its use of [[covenant (law)#Exclusionary covenants|racially discriminatory covenants]], which had been [[Shelley v. Kraemer|declared unenforceable]] by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1948. In 1959 hearings before the [[United States Commission on Civil Rights|U.S. Commission on Civil Rights]], testimony noted bars against ownership by Jews in areas controlled by the Miller Companies including Wesley Heights and Sumner, with Spring Valley cited to be "of particular significance" owing to the prominence of its residents.<ref name="uscvr">{{citation|title=Hearings before the United States Commission on Civil Rights: Housing (Statement of Eugene L. Sugarman)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfmjs_GvNfEC&pg=PA405&lpg=PA405|page=405|year=1959|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> Members of the public also cited the company's past discrimination in testifying against Washington awarding an [[urban renewal]] contract to an affiliated company in 1961.<ref name="h4h">{{citation|url=https://blog.historian4hire.net/2018/02/21/the-ghosts-of-covenants-past/|title=The ghosts of covenants past|work=History Sidebar blog|date=February 21, 2018|access-date=2021-07-12|first=David|last=Rotenstein}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 02:45, 20 July 2021
| Industry | Real estate |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1912 |
| Founder | William C. and Allison N. Miller |
| Headquarters | Bethesda, Maryland, United States |
| Website | www |
The W.C. and A.N. Miller Companies are a group of related privately-held real estate firms known for developing residential communities in Washington, D.C. and its surrounding metropolitan area.[1] Developers of neighborhoods including Spring Valley and Wesley Heights in D.C., Sumner in Bethesda, and Potomac Falls in Potomac, Maryland, they were considered to be one of Washington's most renowned realty developers in the early 20th century.[2]
History
William Cammack and Allison Nailor Miller, brothers who grew up in Cleveland Park, were given $2,000 and two vacant lots in the [Pleasant Plains (Washington, D.C.)|[Pleasant Plains]] area of Northwest Washington by their mother, as an incentive to go into business.[3] They built two brick residences at 757 and 759 Kenyon Street, N.W., designed by Kendall & Smith, and in 1912 formed the W.C. & A.N. Miller Development Company.[2]
For the next decade or so, they focused on building and selling residences in areas such as Cleveland Park, Woodley Park, and Petworth, mostly rowhouses. These proved highly popular, bringing acclaim to the company.[2] In 1923, they acquired vacant land and began development of their first subdivision, Wesley Heights, with most buildings designed by Gordon MacNeil, who had joined in 1914.[4]
After World War I, the U.S. Army vacated land owned by American University it had been using, and the university in turn began selling off this land, much of it to W.C. & A.N. Miller.[5] In 1925, they began development of Spring Valley on this land, targeted at the wealthy, which was widely acclaimed.[6] Wesley Heights and Spring Valley were modeled on planned communities in Shaker Heights, Ohio, with the Millers seeking to develop it into the "Garden Spot of Washington.[7]
In 1929 they began work with Edward R. Spano, who joined the company as a draftsman and rose to chief architect after MacNeil's death, a position he held until his death in 1993.[8] The company was incorporated in 1926.[7]
William C. Miller died in 1939. Allison N. Miller remained active with the company until his own death in 1951, as the company built its first Sumner subdivision in Bethesda, Sumner, named after Fort Sumner in what is now Brookmont. Allison's son, Edward J. "Ted" Miller,[1] assumed the presidency, who was in turn succeeded by his son, Edward J. Miller, Jr.[7] The firm expanded into realty, moving, home improvement, lending, and commercial and residential management over the next several decades.
During the Civil Rights Movement, the company came under fire for its use of racially discriminatory covenants, which had been declared unenforceable by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1948. In 1959 hearings before the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, testimony noted bars against ownership by Jews in areas controlled by the Miller Companies including Wesley Heights and Sumner, with Spring Valley cited to be "of particular significance" owing to the prominence of its residents.[9] Members of the public also cited the company's past discrimination in testifying against Washington awarding an urban renewal contract to an affiliated company in 1961.[10]
In 1986, the U.S. Army and American University began investigating whether parts of Spring Valley might have been used to dump munitions during World War I, but they did not inform the Miller Companies of the possibility. A pit containing high explosives and chemical weapons, including Lewisite, was discovered near 52nd Court in January 1993, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began a cleanup under the Formerly Used Defense Sites program.[5] The Miller Companies sued over the damage to its business, and the federal government paid them $2.1 million in compensation in a 1995 settlement.[7] Cleanup work in Spring Valley continued into the early 2000s.[5]
In 2007, the company announced the sale of its realty business and its affiliated mortgage lender, Greenway Lending Group, to Long & Foster.[1]
Developments
District of Columbia
- American University Park
- Spring Valley
- Wesley Heights
Maryland
- Sumner, Bethesda
- Overlook, Bethesda
- Spring Hill, Bethesda
- Potomac Falls, Potomac
- Spring Meadows, Gaithersburg
Virginia
- Spring Ridge, Vienna
References
- ^ a b c "W.C. & A.N. Miller Realtors Sold to Long & Foster", The Fairfax Connection, The Connection Newspapers, February 14, 2007, retrieved 2021-07-11
- ^ a b c "Allison Nailor Miller" (PDF), DC Builders & Developers Directory, District of Columbia Office of Planning, retrieved 2021-07-12
- ^ Wheeler, Linda (January 15, 2000), "A Strong Finish", The Washington Post, retrieved 2021-07-12
- ^ "Gordon Earl MacNeil" (PDF), DC Builders & Developers Directory, District of Columbia Office of Planning, retrieved 2021-07-12
- ^ a b c Vilensky, Joel A. (September 7, 2005), Dew of Death: The Story of Lewisite, America's World War I Weapon of Mass Destruction, Indiana University Press
- ^ ""
- ^ a b c d 107th Congress (July 27, 2001), Spring Valley—Toxic Waste Contamination in the Nation's Capital (Testimony of Edward J. Miller, Jr.): U.S. House Committee on Government Reform, Subcommittee on the District of Columbia
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Designer and Architect Edward R. Spano Dies", The Washington Post, January 7, 1993, retrieved 2021-07-12
- ^ Hearings before the United States Commission on Civil Rights: Housing (Statement of Eugene L. Sugarman), United States Government Printing Office, 1959, p. 405, retrieved 2021-07-12
- ^ Rotenstein, David (February 21, 2018), "The ghosts of covenants past", History Sidebar blog, retrieved 2021-07-12