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| religion = [[Korean Buddhism]]
| religion = [[Korean Buddhism]]
| father = Jo Gi
| father = Jo Gi
| mother = Lady Hanok
| mother = Han Ok, Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan
| spouse = [[Injo of Joseon|Yi Jong, King Injo of Joseon]]
| spouse = [[Injo of Joseon|Yi Jong, King Injo of Joseon]]
| issue = [[Princess Hyomyeong]]<br>Prince Sungseon<br />Prince Nakseon
| issue = [[Princess Hyomyeong]]<br>Prince Sungseon<br />Prince Nakseon
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|mr= Kwiin Chossi
|mr= Kwiin Chossi
|title=Korean name}}
|title=Korean name}}
'''Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan''' ([[Hangul]]: 귀인 옥천 조씨, [[Hanja]]: 貴人 沃川 趙氏; d. 24 January 1652), widely known as '''Lady Jo So-yong''', was a concubine of [[Injo of Joseon|King Injo of Joseon]]. She is one of the best-known [[femme fatale]] in [[Korea|Korean]] history.
'''Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan''' ([[Hangul]]: 귀인 옥천 조씨, [[Hanja]]: 貴人 沃川 趙氏; d. 24 January 1652<ref>In lunar calendar, the Royal Consort died on 14 December 1651</ref>), widely known as '''Lady Jo So-yong''', was a concubine of [[Injo of Joseon|King Injo of Joseon]]. She is one of the best-known [[femme fatale]] in [[Korea|Korean]] history.


==Biography==
==Biography==
=== Early Life ===
She was initially arranged to become the maid of a lord's daughter, but instead became a [[gungnyeo|palace woman]]. She used to serve [[Queen Inyeol|Queen Inryeol]]'s brother-in-law, and the Queen was the one who arranged for her to enter the palace.
She was initially arranged to become the maid of a lord's daughter, but instead became a [[gungnyeo|palace woman]]. She used to serve [[Queen Inyeol|Queen Inryeol]]'s brother-in-law, and the Queen was the one who arranged for her to enter the palace.


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No one could beat her in terms of receiving the King’s affection; both [[Queen Jangryeol|Queen Jangryeol of the Yangju Jo clan]] and Lady Jang Suk-ui failed to receive Injo’s love.
No one could beat her in terms of receiving the King’s affection; both [[Queen Jangryeol|Queen Jangryeol of the Yangju Jo clan]] and Lady Jang Suk-ui failed to receive Injo’s love.


Her personality was described as that of a sensual but cunning woman, and those who were in her bad book would not be safe in front of the King. Because of this, people inside the palace were very afraid of her. It was rumored that Lady Jo disturbed the relationship between Injo and [[Queen Jangryeol]], with the intention to tear them apart.
Her personality was described as that of a sensual but cunning woman, and those who were in her bad book would not be safe in front of the King. Because of this, people inside the palace were very afraid of her. It was rumored that Lady Jo disturbed the relationship between Injo and [[Queen Jangryeol]], with the intention to tear them apart.


===Feud with the Crown Princess===
===Feud with the Crown Princess===
Line 51: Line 52:
==Family==
==Family==
*Father: Jo Gi (1574 – ?) (조기)
*Father: Jo Gi (1574 – ?) (조기)
*Mother: Lady Hanok (? – 1652) (한옥)
*Mother: Han Ok, Lady Han of the [[Cheongju Han clan]] (? – 1652) (한옥, 청주 한씨)
*Husband: [[Injo of Joseon|Yi Jong, King Injo of Joseon]] (7 December 1595 – 17 June 1649) (이종 조선 인조)
*Husband: [[Injo of Joseon|Yi Jong, King Injo of Joseon]] (7 December 1595 – 17 June 1649) (이종 조선 인조)
**Father-in-law: [[Prince Jeongwon|Grand Internal Prince Jeongwon]] (2 August 1580 – 29 December 1619) (정원 대원군)<ref>As the sixth illegitimate son of King Seonjo, he was titled ''Prince Jeongwon'' (or ''Jeongwongun''). In 1623, he was posthusmously elevated to ''Daewongun'', as the birth father of King Injo. After considerable opposition, he was posthusmously honoured as King Wonjong, in 1632.</ref>
**Father-in-law: [[Prince Jeongwon|Grand Internal Prince Jeongwon]] (2 August 1580 – 29 December 1619) (정원 대원군)<ref>As the sixth illegitimate son of King Seonjo, he was titled ''Prince Jeongwon'' (or ''Jeongwongun''). In 1623, he was posthusmously elevated to ''Daewongun'', as the birth father of King Injo. After considerable opposition, he was posthusmously honoured as King Wonjong, in 1632.</ref>
**Mother-in-law: [[Queen Inheon|Queen Inheon of the Neungseong Gu clan]] (17 April 1578 – 14 January 1626) (인헌왕후 능성 구씨)<ref>Daughter of Gu Sa-maeng (구사맹).</ref>
**Mother-in-law: [[Queen Inheon|Queen Inheon of the Neungseong Gu clan]] (17 April 1578 – 14 January 1626) (인헌왕후 능성 구씨)<ref>Daughter of Gu Sa-maeng (구사맹).</ref>
* Daughter: [[Princess Hyomyeong]] (1637 – 1700) (효명옹주)
* Daughter: [[Princess Hyomyeong]] (1637 – 1700) (효명옹주)<ref>After her husband’s death, she was then known as “Kim Se-ryong’s wife” (김세룡의 처)</ref>
** Son-in-law: Kim Se-ryong, Prince Consort Nakseong (? – 1651) (김세룡 낙성위)
** Son-in-law: Kim Se-ryong, Prince Consort Nakseong (? – 1651) (김세룡 낙성위)<ref>He was the grandson of [[Kim Ja-jeom]] </ref>
* Son: Yi Jing, Prince Sungseon (17 October 1639 – 6 January 1690) (이징 숭선군)
* Son: Yi Jing, Prince Sungseon (17 October 1639 – 6 January 1690) (이징 숭선군)
** Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Yeongpung of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (1639 – 1692) (영풍군부인 평산 신씨)
** Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Yeongpung of the [[Pyeongsan Shin clan]] (1639 – 1692) (영풍군부인 평산 신씨)<ref>Her mother is the older sister of [[Queen Jangnyeol|Queen Jangryeol]], thus making her the niece of the queen, and a paternal niece of Princess Jeongsuk (a daughter of [[Seonjo of Joseon|King Seonjo]] and older half-sister of [[Princess Jeongmyeong]]) through her uncle</ref><ref>Her family eventually married into the royal family and became a part of [[Queen Inhyeon]]’s, [[Crown Princess Minhoe]]’s, and [[Queen Myeongseong]]’s family</ref>
*** Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
*** Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
*** Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
*** Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
*** Grandson: Yi Hang, Prince Dongpyeong (동평군 항) (1660 - 1701)
*** Grandson: Yi Kang (동성정 강)
*Son: Yi Suk, Prince Nakseon (9 December 1641 – 26 April 1695) (이숙 낙석군)
*Son: Yi Suk, Prince Nakseon (9 December 1641 – 26 April 1695) (이숙 낙석군)
** Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Dongwon of the Gangneung Kim clan (동원군부인 강릉 김씨)
** Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Dongwon of the Gangneung Kim clan (동원군부인 강릉 김씨) (? - 1722)
*** Adoptive grandson: Yi Hwan, Prince Imyang (임양군 이환) (1656 - 1715)<ref>He was the second son of Yi Jeon, Prince Cheongpyeong (청평군 이전)</ref>


==Titles==
==Titles==

Revision as of 02:45, 10 March 2022

Not to be confused with Royal Consort Gwiin Jo (Cheoljong).
In this Korean name, the family name is Jo, and Gwi-in is a title for consort, not a personal name.
Gwi-in Jo
귀인 조씨
Royal Noble Consort of the First Junior Rank
Tenure1649 – 24 January 1652
Born?
Kingdom of Joseon
Died24 January 1652
Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
SpouseYi Jong, King Injo of Joseon
IssuePrincess Hyomyeong
Prince Sungseon
Prince Nakseon
HouseOkcheon Jo clan (by birth)
House of Jeonju Yi (by marriage)
FatherJo Gi
MotherHan Ok, Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan
ReligionKorean Buddhism
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationGwiin Jossi
McCune–ReischauerKwiin Chossi

Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan (Hangul: 귀인 옥천 조씨, Hanja: 貴人 沃川 趙氏; d. 24 January 1652[1]), widely known as Lady Jo So-yong, was a concubine of King Injo of Joseon. She is one of the best-known femme fatale in Korean history.

Biography

Early Life

She was initially arranged to become the maid of a lord's daughter, but instead became a palace woman. She used to serve Queen Inryeol's brother-in-law, and the Queen was the one who arranged for her to enter the palace.

Royal favorite

She caught King Injo's eye, and became his favourite consort overnight; her rank also changed rapidly, from the lowest Suk-won to So-won, So-yong, So-ui, and was finally declared as a royal consort of the first junior rank, Gwi-in.

No one could beat her in terms of receiving the King’s affection; both Queen Jangryeol of the Yangju Jo clan and Lady Jang Suk-ui failed to receive Injo’s love.

Her personality was described as that of a sensual but cunning woman, and those who were in her bad book would not be safe in front of the King. Because of this, people inside the palace were very afraid of her. It was rumored that Lady Jo disturbed the relationship between Injo and Queen Jangryeol, with the intention to tear them apart.

Feud with the Crown Princess

Another well-known fact about her was the hate she harbored towards the Yi Wang, Crown Prince Sohyeon's family, particularly Crown Princess Minhoe. Since the day she reached the rank of So-yong, she would badmouth them in front of Injo and it became a common thing for her to slander them with false accusations. Although there was no record of her involvement with Crown Prince Sohyeon’s death, her slanders did not stop after the prince passed away. Because of that, Crown Princess Minhoe suspected Lady Jo of poisoning her husband.

Jo So-yong accused the Crown Princess of attempting to poison Injo, leading to the princess’ execution. The acupuncturist who treated Prince Sohyeon before his death was Lee Hyung-ik, who was rumored to be in a relationship with Lady Jo's mother. There was even a record about this.

Later life

After Injo's death, she was discovered to be involved in an attempt to put a curse on Queen Jangryeol and on the Queen's niece. Kim Ja-jeom was her accomplice and was executed. King Hyojong decided to spare the life of Princess Hyomyeong, his half-sister, since she was not involved in the incident. Lady Jo was sentenced to death by poisoning and her mother, who was also an accomplice, died before she could receive her punishment. There were officials suggesting for Lady Jo to be stripped of her position as a royal consort but out of respect for his father, who treasured her, King Hyojong did not go through with the idea.

She had a daughter and two sons with King Injo of Joseon.

Family

  • Father: Jo Gi (1574 – ?) (조기)
  • Mother: Han Ok, Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (? – 1652) (한옥, 청주 한씨)
  • Husband: Yi Jong, King Injo of Joseon (7 December 1595 – 17 June 1649) (이종 조선 인조)
  • Daughter: Princess Hyomyeong (1637 – 1700) (효명옹주)[4]
    • Son-in-law: Kim Se-ryong, Prince Consort Nakseong (? – 1651) (김세룡 낙성위)[5]
  • Son: Yi Jing, Prince Sungseon (17 October 1639 – 6 January 1690) (이징 숭선군)
    • Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Yeongpung of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (1639 – 1692) (영풍군부인 평산 신씨)[6][7]
      • Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
      • Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
      • Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
      • Granddaughter: Lady Yi (이씨)
      • Grandson: Yi Hang, Prince Dongpyeong (동평군 항) (1660 - 1701)
      • Grandson: Yi Kang (동성정 강)
  • Son: Yi Suk, Prince Nakseon (9 December 1641 – 26 April 1695) (이숙 낙석군)
    • Daughter-in-law: Princess Consort Dongwon of the Gangneung Kim clan (동원군부인 강릉 김씨) (? - 1722)
      • Adoptive grandson: Yi Hwan, Prince Imyang (임양군 이환) (1656 - 1715)[8]

Titles

References

  1. ^ In lunar calendar, the Royal Consort died on 14 December 1651
  2. ^ As the sixth illegitimate son of King Seonjo, he was titled Prince Jeongwon (or Jeongwongun). In 1623, he was posthusmously elevated to Daewongun, as the birth father of King Injo. After considerable opposition, he was posthusmously honoured as King Wonjong, in 1632.
  3. ^ Daughter of Gu Sa-maeng (구사맹).
  4. ^ After her husband’s death, she was then known as “Kim Se-ryong’s wife” (김세룡의 처)
  5. ^ He was the grandson of Kim Ja-jeom
  6. ^ Her mother is the older sister of Queen Jangryeol, thus making her the niece of the queen, and a paternal niece of Princess Jeongsuk (a daughter of King Seonjo and older half-sister of Princess Jeongmyeong) through her uncle
  7. ^ Her family eventually married into the royal family and became a part of Queen Inhyeon’s, Crown Princess Minhoe’s, and Queen Myeongseong’s family
  8. ^ He was the second son of Yi Jeon, Prince Cheongpyeong (청평군 이전)
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