Smutsia: Difference between revisions

African ground pangolin; Temporal range: 9.8–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene - present
	Pangolins from genus Smutsia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Pholidota
Family:	Manidae
Subfamily:	Smutsiinae; Gray, 1873
Genus:	Smutsia; Gray, 1865
Type species
	Smutsia gigantea; Illiger, 1815
Species
	Smutsia gigantea; Smutsia temminckii; †Smutsia olteniensis;
	Smutsia gigantea Smutsia temminckii
Synonyms
	synonyms of subfamily: Smutsiana (Gray, 1873) ; Smutsiini (Gray, 1873) ;

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Smutsia is a genus of African pangolins, better known as the African ground pangolins, from subfamily Smutsiinae, within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of Manis.^[2] Its members are the more terrestrial of the African pangolins.^[3]

Etymology

British naturalist John Edward Gray named Smutsia for South African naturalist Johannes Smuts (1808–1869),^[4]^[5] the first South African to write a treatise on mammals in 1832 (in which he described the species Manis temminckii).

Taxonomy

Subfamily: Smutsiinae (large African pangolins)
- Genus: Smutsia (African ground pangolin)
  - Smutsia gigantea (giant pangolin)
  - Smutsia temminckii (ground pangolin)
  - †Smutsia olteniensis^[6]^[7]

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic position of genus Smutsia within family Manidae^[8]^[9]^[1]

Pholidotamorpha

†Palaeanodonta

Pholidota

†Euromanis

?

†Pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

†Eurotamanduidae

Eupholidota

†Eomanoidea

Manoidea

†Patriomanidae

?

†Necromanis

Manidae

Maninae

?

†Manidае sp. (DPC 3972 & DPC 4364)

Smutsiinae

Phatagininae

Smutsiinae

Smutsia

	Smutsia gigantea

	†Smutsia olteniensis

	Smutsia temminckii

sensu stricto

sensu lato

sensu stricto

(Pholidota sensu lato)

References

^ ^a ^b Philippe Gaubert, Agostinho Antunes, Hao Meng, Lin Miao, Stéphane Peigné, Fabienne Justy, Flobert Njiokou, Sylvain Dufour, Emmanuel Danquah, Jayanthi Alahakoon, Erik Verheyen, William T Stanley, Stephen J O’Brien, Warren E Johnson, Shu-Jin Luo (2018) "The Complete Phylogeny of Pangolins: Scaling Up Resources for the Molecular Tracing of the Most Trafficked Mammals on Earth" Journal of Heredity, Volume 109, Issue 4, Pages 347–359
^ Schlitter, D.A. (2005). "Order Pholidota". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ du Toit, Z.; du Plessis, M.; Dalton, D. L.; Jansen, R.; Paul Grobler, J.; Kotzé, A. (2017). "Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 746. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5. PMC 5609056. PMID 28934931.
^ "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science [Johannes Smuts]". Retrieved May 28, 2018.
^ Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 635. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001.
^ Terhune, C. E.; Gaudin, T.; Curran, S.; Petculescu, A. (2021). "The youngest pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from Europe". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. in press: e1990075. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1990075. S2CID 245394367.
^ http://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/smutsia-olteniensis-10454.html
^ Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 16 (4). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media: 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698.
^ Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.

This article about a mammal is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Gaubert2018-1] Philippe Gaubert, Agostinho Antunes, Hao Meng, Lin Miao, Stéphane Peigné, Fabienne Justy, Flobert Njiokou, Sylvain Dufour, Emmanuel Danquah, Jayanthi Alahakoon, Erik Verheyen, William T Stanley, Stephen J O’Brien, Warren E Johnson, Shu-Jin Luo (2018) "The Complete Phylogeny of Pangolins: Scaling Up Resources for the Molecular Tracing of the Most Trafficked Mammals on Earth" Journal of Heredity, Volume 109, Issue 4, Pages 347–359

[Schlitter-2] Schlitter, D.A. (2005). "Order Pholidota". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[du_Toit2017-3] u Toit, Z.; du Plessis, M.; Dalton, D. L.; Jansen, R.; Paul Grobler, J.; Kotzé, A. (2017). "Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 746. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5. PMC 5609056. PMID 28934931.

[4] "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science [Johannes Smuts]". Retrieved May 28, 2018.

[5] Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 635. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001.

[6] Terhune, C. E.; Gaudin, T.; Curran, S.; Petculescu, A. (2021). "The youngest pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from Europe". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. in press: e1990075. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1990075. S2CID 245394367.

[7] ttp://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/smutsia-olteniensis-10454.html

[web2.utc.edu-8] Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 16 (4). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media: 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698.

[KondrashovAgadjanian2012-9] Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.

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@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
       |1=†''[[Euromanis]]''
       |label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
-      |2=†pholidota sp. (''BC 16’08'')
+      |2=†Pholidota sp. (''BC 16’08'')
       |3={{clade
          |1=†'''[[Eurotamandua|Eurotamanduidae]]'''
@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
             |label2=&nbsp;'''[[Manoidea]]'''&nbsp;
             |2={{clade
+               |thickness2=2
                |1=†'''[[Patriomanidae]]'''
-               |2={{clade
+               |label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
-                  |thickness1=2 |label1=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state1=dotted
+               |2=†''[[Necromanis]]''
-                  |1=†''[[Necromanis]]''
+               |label3=&nbsp;'''[[Manidae]]'''&nbsp;
-                  |label2=&nbsp;'''[[Manidae]]'''&nbsp;
+               |3={{clade
-                  |2={{clade
+                  |thickness2=2
+                  |1='''[[Manis|Maninae]]''' [[File:Pangolin Hardwicke (white background).jpg|60px]]
+                  |label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
+                  |2=†[[Fayum pangolin|Manidае sp. (''DPC 3972 & DPC 4364'')]]
+                  |label3=&nbsp;'''Smutsiinae'''&nbsp; |sublabel3=&nbsp;''sensu lato''&nbsp;
+                  |3={{clade
                      |thickness2=2
-                     |1='''[[Manis|Maninae]]''' [[File:Pangolin Hardwicke (white background).jpg|60px]]
+                     |1='''[[Phataginus|Phatagininae]]''' [[File:Anatomische Untersuchungen über die Edentaten (1852) Phataginus tricuspis.png|90px]]
-                     |label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
+                     |label2=&nbsp;'''Smutsiinae'''&nbsp; |sublabel2=&nbsp;''sensu stricto''&nbsp;
-                     |2=†[[Fayum pangolin|manidае sp. (''DPC 3972 & DPC 4364'')]]
+                     |2={{clade
-                     |label3=&nbsp;'''Smutsiinae'''&nbsp; |sublabel3=&nbsp;''sensu lato''&nbsp;
+                        |thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;'''''Smutsia'''''&nbsp;
-                     |3={{clade
+                        |1={{clade
-                        |thickness2=2
+                           |thickness=2
-                        |1='''[[Phataginus|Phatagininae]]''' [[File:Anatomische Untersuchungen über die Edentaten (1852) Phataginus tricuspis.png|90px]]
+                           |1=''[[Giant pangolin|Smutsia gigantea]]'' [[File:Cambridge Natural History Mammalia Fig 109.jpg|60px]]
-                        |label2=&nbsp;'''Smutsiinae'''&nbsp; |sublabel2=&nbsp;''sensu stricto''&nbsp;
+                           |2=†''[[Smutsia olteniensis]]''
-                        |2={{clade
+                           |3=''[[Ground pangolin|Smutsia temminckii]]'' [[File:Manis temminckii MHNT PHOL 1.jpg|60px]]
-                           |thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;'''''Smutsia'''''&nbsp;
+                           }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
-                           |1={{clade
-                              |thickness=2
-                              |1=''[[Giant pangolin|Smutsia gigantea]]'' [[File:Cambridge Natural History Mammalia Fig 109.jpg|60px]]
-                              |2=†''[[Smutsia olteniensis]]''
-                              |3=''[[Ground pangolin|Smutsia temminckii]]'' [[File:Manis temminckii MHNT PHOL 1.jpg|60px]]
-                              }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
 ==References==