User:Nup2192/sandbox: Difference between revisions
Trying to edit the [[Jungian Cognitive Functions |
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=== Thinking === |
=== Thinking === |
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According to Jung, [[Thought|thinking]] is |
According to Jung, [[Thought|thinking]] is a cognitive function that is "in accordance with its own laws, brings given presentations into conceptual connection." Jung also made distinction between active and passive thinking: "The term 'thinking' should, in my view, be confined to the linking up of representations by means of a concept, where, in other words, an act of judgment prevails, whether such act be the product of one’s intentions or not. The faculty of directed thinking, I term 'intellect'. The faculty of passive, or undirected, thinking, I term 'intellectual intuition'." The former, active thought, is what Jung considered a 'judging function'.{{sfn|Jung|1971|loc=chpt. 11}} |
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Later, some interpreted Jung's extroverted thinking and introverted thinking to mean other than the function of thought as represented in extroverts and introverts respectively. In Adler and Hull's translation of Jung's ''Psychological Types'', Jung states: |
Later, some interpreted Jung's extroverted thinking and introverted thinking to mean other than the function of thought as represented in extroverts and introverts respectively. In Adler and Hull's translation of Jung's ''Psychological Types'', Jung states: |
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====Introverted thinking ==== |
====Introverted thinking ==== |
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Introverted thinking is the thinking function that is ''subjective'' (being introverted). The nature of introverted thinking means that it is primarily concerned with its "subjective idea" and insights gained by formulation |
Introverted thinking is the thinking function that is ''subjective'' (being introverted). The nature of introverted thinking means that it is primarily concerned with its "subjective idea" and insights gained by formulation over objective data such as facts.{{sfn|Jung|1971|loc=chpt. 10|p=532}} |
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"Just as Darwin might possibly represent the normal extroverted thinking type, so we might point to Kant as a counter-example of the normal introverted thinking type. The former speaks with facts; the latter appeals to the subjective factor. Darwin ranges over the wide fields of objective facts, while Kant restricts himself to a critique of knowledge in general. But suppose a Cuvier be contrasted with a Nietzsche: the antithesis becomes even sharper."{{sfn|Jung|1971}} |
"Just as Darwin might possibly represent the normal extroverted thinking type, so we might point to Kant as a counter-example of the normal introverted thinking type. The former speaks with facts; the latter appeals to the subjective factor. Darwin ranges over the wide fields of objective facts, while Kant restricts himself to a critique of knowledge in general. But suppose a Cuvier be contrasted with a Nietzsche: the antithesis becomes even sharper."{{sfn|Jung|1971}} |
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Revision as of 18:47, 12 May 2022
Thinking
According to Jung, thinking is a cognitive function that is "in accordance with its own laws, brings given presentations into conceptual connection." Jung also made distinction between active and passive thinking: "The term 'thinking' should, in my view, be confined to the linking up of representations by means of a concept, where, in other words, an act of judgment prevails, whether such act be the product of one’s intentions or not. The faculty of directed thinking, I term 'intellect'. The faculty of passive, or undirected, thinking, I term 'intellectual intuition'." The former, active thought, is what Jung considered a 'judging function'.[1]
Later, some interpreted Jung's extroverted thinking and introverted thinking to mean other than the function of thought as represented in extroverts and introverts respectively. In Adler and Hull's translation of Jung's Psychological Types, Jung states:
"Apart from the qualities I have mentioned, the undeveloped functions possess the further peculiarity that, when the conscious attitude is introverted, they are extroverted and vice versa. One could therefore expect to find extroverted feelings in an introverted intellectual..."[2]
Extraverted thinking
Extraverted thinking is the thinking function that is objective (being extroverted). Extroverted thinking often places information such as facts in high order; it is a process that is concerned with organisation and hierarchy of phenomena.
"In accordance with his definition, we must picture a, man whose constant aim -- in so far, of course, as he is a [p. 435] pure type -- is to bring his total life-activities into relation with intellectual conclusions, which in the last resort are always orientated by objective data, whether objective facts or generally valid ideas. This type of man gives the deciding voice-not merely for himself alone but also on behalf of his entourage-either to the actual objective reality or to its objectively orientated, intellectual formula. By this formula are good and evil measured, and beauty and ugliness determined. All is right that corresponds with this formula; all is wrong that contradicts it; and everything that is neutral to it is purely accidental."[3]
Introverted thinking
Introverted thinking is the thinking function that is subjective (being introverted). The nature of introverted thinking means that it is primarily concerned with its "subjective idea" and insights gained by formulation over objective data such as facts.[4]
"Just as Darwin might possibly represent the normal extroverted thinking type, so we might point to Kant as a counter-example of the normal introverted thinking type. The former speaks with facts; the latter appeals to the subjective factor. Darwin ranges over the wide fields of objective facts, while Kant restricts himself to a critique of knowledge in general. But suppose a Cuvier be contrasted with a Nietzsche: the antithesis becomes even sharper."[5]
"The introverted thinking type is characterized by a priority of the thinking I have just described. Like his [p. 485] extroverted parallel, he is decisively influenced by ideas; these, however, have their origin, not in the objective data but in the subjective foundation. Like the extravert, he too will follow his ideas, but in the reverse direction: inwardly not outwardly. Intensity is his aim, not extensity. In these fundamental characters he differs markedly, indeed quite unmistakably from his extraverted parallel. Like every introverted type, he is almost completely lacking in that which distinguishes his counter type, namely, the intensive relatedness to the object."[3]