February 1999 Mineriad: Difference between revisions
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The '''February 1999 Mineriad''' was the last of the six [[ |
The '''February 1999 Mineriad''' was the last of the six [[mineriad]]s that occurred in [[Romania]]. It began on 16 February 1999, when 2,000–2,500 miners from the [[Jiu Valley]] left for [[Bucharest]] in around 50 buses as a protest against the 18-year long jail sentence given ''[[Trial in absentia|in absentia]]'' to [[Miron Cozma]], the "leader" of the miners, for his actions in the [[September 1991 Mineriad]] against the [[Romanian Government]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.replicahd.ro/replica_db/index.php?pagerun=2&p=1944&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1|title=Remember: Un deceniu de la ultima mineriadă|first=Monalise|last=Hihn|newspaper=Replica Hunedoara|date=19 February 2009|language=ro|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104233803/http://www.replicahd.ro/replica_db/index.php?pagerun=2&p=1944&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1|archive-date=4 January 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/18/world/romania-seizes-miners-chief-in-fierce-clash.html|title=Romania seizes miners' chief in fierce clash|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=18 February 1999}}</ref> |
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On the morning of the next day, the miners were stopped in [[Stoenești, Olt|Stoenești]], [[Olt County]], by [[Gendarmerie (Romania)|Romanian Gendarmerie]] units, who began to beat the miners "until the paving stones were reddened with their blood", according to witnesses.<ref name=":0" /> Reportedly, some natives from the village were misidentified as miners and beaten as well and some other natives assisted the miners in the fight against the Gendarmerie.<ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=https://www.gazetanoua.ro/index/art/t/miron-cozma-i-a-comemorat-pe-ortacii-morti-la-stoenesti|title=Miron Cozma i-a comemorat pe ortacii morți la Stoenești|newspaper=Gazeta Nouă|date=20 February 2011|language=ro}}</ref> Cozma tried to escape on a bus, but he was surrounded and arrested on 17 February at around 9:00 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] along with over 500 miners. After this, he was taken to a prison in [[Rahova]], Bucharest.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
On the morning of the next day, the miners were stopped in [[Stoenești, Olt|Stoenești]], [[Olt County]], by [[Gendarmerie (Romania)|Romanian Gendarmerie]] units, who began to beat the miners "until the paving stones were reddened with their blood", according to witnesses.<ref name=":0" /> Reportedly, some natives from the village were misidentified as miners and beaten as well and some other natives assisted the miners in the fight against the Gendarmerie.<ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=https://www.gazetanoua.ro/index/art/t/miron-cozma-i-a-comemorat-pe-ortacii-morti-la-stoenesti|title=Miron Cozma i-a comemorat pe ortacii morți la Stoenești|newspaper=Gazeta Nouă|date=20 February 2011|language=ro}}</ref> Cozma tried to escape on a bus, but he was surrounded and arrested on 17 February at around 9:00 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] along with over 500 miners. After this, he was taken to a prison in [[Rahova]], Bucharest.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
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Some 15 miners reportedly lost their lives due to the |
Some 15 miners reportedly lost their lives due to the mineriad, but this has not been confirmed by official sources. The case of Constantin Harag is well known; he was a miner who died at the age of 49 during the event and who was buried in the village.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> After the mineriad, Cozma was sentenced to another 7 additional years in prison.<ref name=":0" /> |
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| ⚫ | Some time later, on 20 February 2011,<ref name=":2" /> Cozma (who was liberated from prison on 2 December 2007)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-2043226-miron-cozma-liber-dupa-10-ani-inchisoare.htm|title=Miron Cozma, liber după 10 ani de închisoare|first=Dumitrina|last=Galantonu|newspaper=[[HotNews]]|date=2 December 2007|language=ro}}</ref> returned to Stoenești to commemorate those who died during the |
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==See also== |
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* [[Mineriad]] |
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| ⚫ | Some time later, on 20 February 2011,<ref name=":2" /> Cozma (who was liberated from prison on 2 December 2007)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-2043226-miron-cozma-liber-dupa-10-ani-inchisoare.htm|title=Miron Cozma, liber după 10 ani de închisoare|first=Dumitrina|last=Galantonu|newspaper=[[HotNews]]|date=2 December 2007|language=ro}}</ref> returned to Stoenești to commemorate those who died during the mineriad and asked the Romanian authorities to investigate the culprits of the deaths, who were still unknown.<ref name=":2" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
{{reflist|2}} |
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Revision as of 18:32, 10 November 2022
| February 1999 Mineriad | |
|---|---|
| Part of the Mineriads | |
| Date | 16–17 February 1999 |
| Casualties | |
| Death(s) | 1 death (confirmed) 15 deaths (unofficial figure) |
| Arrested | Over 500 |
The February 1999 Mineriad was the last of the six mineriads that occurred in Romania. It began on 16 February 1999, when 2,000–2,500 miners from the Jiu Valley left for Bucharest in around 50 buses as a protest against the 18-year long jail sentence given in absentia to Miron Cozma, the "leader" of the miners, for his actions in the September 1991 Mineriad against the Romanian Government.[1][2]
On the morning of the next day, the miners were stopped in Stoenești, Olt County, by Romanian Gendarmerie units, who began to beat the miners "until the paving stones were reddened with their blood", according to witnesses.[1] Reportedly, some natives from the village were misidentified as miners and beaten as well and some other natives assisted the miners in the fight against the Gendarmerie.[3] Cozma tried to escape on a bus, but he was surrounded and arrested on 17 February at around 9:00 EET along with over 500 miners. After this, he was taken to a prison in Rahova, Bucharest.[1][2]
Some 15 miners reportedly lost their lives due to the mineriad, but this has not been confirmed by official sources. The case of Constantin Harag is well known; he was a miner who died at the age of 49 during the event and who was buried in the village.[1][2][3] After the mineriad, Cozma was sentenced to another 7 additional years in prison.[1]
Some time later, on 20 February 2011,[3] Cozma (who was liberated from prison on 2 December 2007)[4] returned to Stoenești to commemorate those who died during the mineriad and asked the Romanian authorities to investigate the culprits of the deaths, who were still unknown.[3]
References
- ^ a b c d e Hihn, Monalise (19 February 2009). "Remember: Un deceniu de la ultima mineriadă". Replica Hunedoara (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 4 January 2017.
- ^ a b c "Romania seizes miners' chief in fierce clash". The New York Times. 18 February 1999.
- ^ a b c d "Miron Cozma i-a comemorat pe ortacii morți la Stoenești". Gazeta Nouă (in Romanian). 20 February 2011.
- ^ Galantonu, Dumitrina (2 December 2007). "Miron Cozma, liber după 10 ani de închisoare". HotNews (in Romanian).
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