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The first person to complete the vault was Cuban gymnast [[Jorge Roche]] in 1980.<ref name="fisu"/>
The first person to complete the vault was Cuban gymnast [[Jorge Roche]] in 1980.<ref name="fisu"/>


23 Roche vaults were performed during the [[2000 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Takei |first1=Yoshiaki |title=The roche vault performed by elite gymnasts: somersaulting technique, deterministic model, and judges' scores |journal=Journal of Applied Biomechanics |date=2007 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1123/jab.23.1.1 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17585174/ |issn=1065-8483}}</ref>
23 Roche vaults were performed during the [[2000 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Takei |first1=Yoshiaki |title=The roche vault performed by elite gymnasts: somersaulting technique, deterministic model, and judges' scores |journal=Journal of Applied Biomechanics |date=2007 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1123/jab.23.1.1 |pmid=17585174 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17585174/ |issn=1065-8483}}</ref>


By 2010, male gymnasts have developed more difficult variations by performing it [[piked]] or with twists.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ferkolj |first1=M. |title=A kinematic analysis of the handspring double salto forward tucked on a new style of vaulting table |journal=Science of Gymnastics Journal |date=2010 |url=https://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de/datenbanken/iks/sponet/Record/4023120 |language=English|volume=2|issue=1|pp=35-48}}</ref>
By 2010, male gymnasts have developed more difficult variations by performing it [[piked]] or with twists.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ferkolj |first1=M. |title=A kinematic analysis of the handspring double salto forward tucked on a new style of vaulting table |journal=Science of Gymnastics Journal |date=2010 |url=https://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de/datenbanken/iks/sponet/Record/4023120 |language=English|volume=2|issue=1|pages=35–48}}</ref>
==WAG==
==WAG==
Under the 2017–2020 [[Code of Points (artistic gymnastics)]] for WAG, the vault has a D-score of 6.4,<ref>{{cite web|title=2013 FIG Vault Value Table|url=https://usagym.org/docs/Women/Rules/FIGVaultvalues_words.pdf|website=USA Gymnastics|publisher=FIG|accessdate=20 August 2016}}</ref> and is considered one of the hardest vaults ever performed in women's [[Artistic Gymnastics|artistic gymnastics]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gymnastike.org/blog/42981-Exploring-The-New-Code-Womens-Vault |title=Exploring The New Code: Women's Vault |date=27 September 2012 |website=Gymnastike |accessdate=1 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043128/http://www.gymnastike.org/blog/42981-Exploring-The-New-Code-Womens-Vault |archive-date=8 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It currently ties for the highest D-score on this apparatus with the Biles vault. It is named after [[Yelena Produnova]] of [[Russia]], who was the first woman to complete it successfully in 1999.<ref name="wsj._TheV">{{Cite web | title = The Vault That Is Too Wild for Simone Biles | last1 = Cohen | first1 = Ben | last2 = Radnofsky | first2 = Louise | work = The Wall Street Journal | date = 7 August 2016 | accessdate = 2016-08-07 | url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-vault-that-is-too-wild-for-simone-biles-1470539776 }}</ref> Produnova's coach, [[Leonid Arkayev]], bet her that she could not perform the vault.<ref name="fisu"/> The D-score of the Produnova has been slowly reduced over the quads from 7.1 (2009–2012) to 7.0 (2013–2016) and now 6.4 (2017–2020).
Under the 2017–2020 [[Code of Points (artistic gymnastics)]] for WAG, the vault has a D-score of 6.4,<ref>{{cite web|title=2013 FIG Vault Value Table|url=https://usagym.org/docs/Women/Rules/FIGVaultvalues_words.pdf|website=USA Gymnastics|publisher=FIG|accessdate=20 August 2016}}</ref> and is considered one of the hardest vaults ever performed in women's [[Artistic Gymnastics|artistic gymnastics]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gymnastike.org/blog/42981-Exploring-The-New-Code-Womens-Vault |title=Exploring The New Code: Women's Vault |date=27 September 2012 |website=Gymnastike |accessdate=1 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043128/http://www.gymnastike.org/blog/42981-Exploring-The-New-Code-Womens-Vault |archive-date=8 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It currently ties for the highest D-score on this apparatus with the Biles vault. It is named after [[Yelena Produnova]] of [[Russia]], who was the first woman to complete it successfully in 1999.<ref name="wsj._TheV">{{Cite web | title = The Vault That Is Too Wild for Simone Biles | last1 = Cohen | first1 = Ben | last2 = Radnofsky | first2 = Louise | work = The Wall Street Journal | date = 7 August 2016 | accessdate = 2016-08-07 | url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-vault-that-is-too-wild-for-simone-biles-1470539776 }}</ref> Produnova's coach, [[Leonid Arkayev]], bet her that she could not perform the vault.<ref name="fisu"/> The D-score of the Produnova has been slowly reduced over the quads from 7.1 (2009–2012) to 7.0 (2013–2016) and now 6.4 (2017–2020).


The vault is dangerous because a gymnast could break her neck if she fell short of two twists. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, Uzbek gymnast [[Oksana Chusovitina]] attempted the Produnova but fell.<ref name=Sloat/> The vault is termed the "vault of death" due to its high level of difficulty and likelihood of injury.<ref> {{cite news |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/pb/olympics/2016/live-updates/rio-games/scores-and-latest-news/41-year-old-gymnast-tries-the-so-called-vault-of-death/ |title= Hoping to beat Simone Biles, 41-year-old Uzbek gymnast attempts the 'vault of death' |author= Roman Stubbs |date= 14 August 2016 |work= Washington Post }} </ref><ref> {{cite news |url= http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-deal-with-the-devil-why-dipa-karmakar-s-produnova-is-a-vault-of-death-2204008 |title= Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death |date= 19 April 2016 |publisher= DNA India }} </ref><ref> {{cite news |url= https://sports.yahoo.com/news/two-gymnasts-attempt-the-vault-of-death-video-035303719.html |title= Two gymnasts attempt the 'Vault of Death' (Video) |author= Daniel Tran |date= 14 August 2016 |publisher= Yahoo Sports }} </ref> Asked why she did not perform the vault, [[Simone Biles]] stated, "I’m not trying to die."<ref name=Sloat/>
The vault is dangerous because a gymnast could break her neck if she fell short of two twists. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, Uzbek gymnast [[Oksana Chusovitina]] attempted the Produnova but fell.<ref name=Sloat/> The vault is termed the "vault of death" due to its high level of difficulty and likelihood of injury.<ref> {{cite news |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/pb/olympics/2016/live-updates/rio-games/scores-and-latest-news/41-year-old-gymnast-tries-the-so-called-vault-of-death/ |title= Hoping to beat Simone Biles, 41-year-old Uzbek gymnast attempts the 'vault of death' |author= Roman Stubbs |date= 14 August 2016 |newspaper= Washington Post }} </ref><ref> {{cite news |url= http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-deal-with-the-devil-why-dipa-karmakar-s-produnova-is-a-vault-of-death-2204008 |title= Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death |date= 19 April 2016 |publisher= DNA India }} </ref><ref> {{cite news |url= https://sports.yahoo.com/news/two-gymnasts-attempt-the-vault-of-death-video-035303719.html |title= Two gymnasts attempt the 'Vault of Death' (Video) |author= Daniel Tran |date= 14 August 2016 |publisher= Yahoo Sports }} </ref> Asked why she did not perform the vault, [[Simone Biles]] stated, "I’m not trying to die."<ref name=Sloat/>


=== Gymnasts who have successfully completed the Produnova ===
=== Gymnasts who have successfully completed the Produnova ===
* {{flagathlete|[[Yelena Produnova]]|RUS}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wogymnastika.blogspot.com/2013/06/elena-produnova-sticks-worlds-most.html |title=Elena Produnova Sticks World's Most Difficult Vault |date=9 June 2013 |website=WOGymnastika |accessdate=1 August 2014}}</ref> (1999)
* {{flagathlete|[[Yelena Produnova]]|RUS}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wogymnastika.blogspot.com/2013/06/elena-produnova-sticks-worlds-most.html |title=Elena Produnova Sticks World's Most Difficult Vault |date=9 June 2013 |website=WOGymnastika |accessdate=1 August 2014}}</ref> (1999)
* {{flagathlete|[[Yamilet Peña]]|DOM}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/7075494/world-gymnastics-championships-memorable-moments-prelims |title=Memorable Moments From Prelims |last1=Lawrence |first1=Blythe |date=8 October 2012 |website=ESPN |accessdate=1 August 2014}}</ref> ([[2011 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships|2011]])<ref name="quint">{{cite news |last1=Talwar |first1=Sushant |title=‘Produnova’, The ‘Vault Of Death’; Only 5 Women Have Nailed It |url=https://www.thequint.com/sports/sports-buzz/five-gymnasts-to-have-executed-the-produnova-yalena-produnova-dipa-karmarkar-yamilet-pena-oksana-fadwa-mohammad-rio#read-more |access-date=5 October 2022 |work=TheQuint |date=13 August 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagathlete|[[Yamilet Peña]]|DOM}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/7075494/world-gymnastics-championships-memorable-moments-prelims |title=Memorable Moments From Prelims |last1=Lawrence |first1=Blythe |date=8 October 2012 |website=ESPN |accessdate=1 August 2014}}</ref> ([[2011 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships|2011]])<ref name="quint">{{cite news |last1=Talwar |first1=Sushant |title='Produnova', The 'Vault Of Death'; Only 5 Women Have Nailed It |url=https://www.thequint.com/sports/sports-buzz/five-gymnasts-to-have-executed-the-produnova-yalena-produnova-dipa-karmarkar-yamilet-pena-oksana-fadwa-mohammad-rio#read-more |access-date=5 October 2022 |work=TheQuint |date=13 August 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagathlete|[[Fadwa Mahmoud]]|EGY}}<ref name="quint"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=FpjUaUL6qEk/ |title=video: Fadwa Mahmoud (EGY) 14.950 |date=29 March 2014 |website=youtube |access-date=1 August 2014}}</ref> (2014)
* {{flagathlete|[[Fadwa Mahmoud]]|EGY}}<ref name="quint"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=FpjUaUL6qEk/ |title=video: Fadwa Mahmoud (EGY) 14.950 |date=29 March 2014 |website=youtube |access-date=1 August 2014}}</ref> (2014)
* {{flagathlete|[[Dipa Karmakar]]|IND}} (2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/after-a-flight-a-landing-why-dipa-karmakars-medal-in-commonwealth-games-is-its-bravest-bronze/|title=After a flight, a landing: Why Dipa Karmakar's medal in Commonwealth Games is its bravest bronze|date=2014-08-24|website=The Indian Express|access-date=2016-04-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-deal-with-the-devil-why-dipa-karmakar-s-produnova-is-a-vault-of-death-2204008|title=Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|website=dna|language=en-US|access-date=2016-04-20}}</ref> and 2016)<ref name=Sloat>{{cite news |last1=Sloat |first1=Sarah |title=Why Simone Biles Won't Attempt the "Vault of Death" |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/19706-2016-rio-olympics-vault-of-death-produnova-dipa-karmakar-oksana-chusovitina |access-date=5 October 2022 |work=Inverse |language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagathlete|[[Dipa Karmakar]]|IND}} (2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/after-a-flight-a-landing-why-dipa-karmakars-medal-in-commonwealth-games-is-its-bravest-bronze/|title=After a flight, a landing: Why Dipa Karmakar's medal in Commonwealth Games is its bravest bronze|date=2014-08-24|website=The Indian Express|access-date=2016-04-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-deal-with-the-devil-why-dipa-karmakar-s-produnova-is-a-vault-of-death-2204008|title=Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|website=dna|language=en-US|access-date=2016-04-20}}</ref> and 2016)<ref name=Sloat>{{cite news |last1=Sloat |first1=Sarah |title=Why Simone Biles Won't Attempt the "Vault of Death" |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/19706-2016-rio-olympics-vault-of-death-produnova-dipa-karmakar-oksana-chusovitina |access-date=5 October 2022 |work=Inverse |language=en}}</ref>

Revision as of 18:09, 20 October 2022

"Vault of death" redirects here. For the Thunderbirds episode, see Vault of Death (Thunderbirds).
A multiple-exposure image of a gymnast performing the vault at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

The handspring double salto forward tucked, known as a Produnova in women's artistic gymnastics and a Roche in men's artistic gymnastics,[1][2] is a vault consisting of a front handspring onto the vaulting horse and two front somersaults in a tucked position off it.

MAG

The first person to complete the vault was Cuban gymnast Jorge Roche in 1980.[1]

23 Roche vaults were performed during the 2000 Summer Olympics.[3]

By 2010, male gymnasts have developed more difficult variations by performing it piked or with twists.[4]

WAG

Under the 2017–2020 Code of Points (artistic gymnastics) for WAG, the vault has a D-score of 6.4,[5] and is considered one of the hardest vaults ever performed in women's artistic gymnastics.[6] It currently ties for the highest D-score on this apparatus with the Biles vault. It is named after Yelena Produnova of Russia, who was the first woman to complete it successfully in 1999.[7] Produnova's coach, Leonid Arkayev, bet her that she could not perform the vault.[1] The D-score of the Produnova has been slowly reduced over the quads from 7.1 (2009–2012) to 7.0 (2013–2016) and now 6.4 (2017–2020).

The vault is dangerous because a gymnast could break her neck if she fell short of two twists. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, Uzbek gymnast Oksana Chusovitina attempted the Produnova but fell.[8] The vault is termed the "vault of death" due to its high level of difficulty and likelihood of injury.[9][10][11] Asked why she did not perform the vault, Simone Biles stated, "I’m not trying to die."[8]

Gymnasts who have successfully completed the Produnova

References

  1. ^ a b c "The Produnova vault: a leap for Artistic Gymnastics at the 1999 Summer Universiade". www.fisu.net. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  2. ^ Čuk, Ivan; Ferkolj, S. M. (2012). "Changes in technique of handspring double salto forward tucked performed on horse and vaulting table". Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis. 13: 20. doi:10.12697/akut.2008.13.02.
  3. ^ Takei, Yoshiaki (2007). "The roche vault performed by elite gymnasts: somersaulting technique, deterministic model, and judges' scores". Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 23 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1123/jab.23.1.1. ISSN 1065-8483. PMID 17585174.
  4. ^ Ferkolj, M. (2010). "A kinematic analysis of the handspring double salto forward tucked on a new style of vaulting table". Science of Gymnastics Journal. 2 (1): 35–48.
  5. ^ "2013 FIG Vault Value Table" (PDF). USA Gymnastics. FIG. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  6. ^ "Exploring The New Code: Women's Vault". Gymnastike. 27 September 2012. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  7. ^ Cohen, Ben; Radnofsky, Louise (7 August 2016). "The Vault That Is Too Wild for Simone Biles". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  8. ^ a b c Sloat, Sarah. "Why Simone Biles Won't Attempt the "Vault of Death"". Inverse. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  9. ^ Roman Stubbs (14 August 2016). "Hoping to beat Simone Biles, 41-year-old Uzbek gymnast attempts the 'vault of death'". Washington Post.
  10. ^ "Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death". DNA India. 19 April 2016.
  11. ^ Daniel Tran (14 August 2016). "Two gymnasts attempt the 'Vault of Death' (Video)". Yahoo Sports.
  12. ^ "Elena Produnova Sticks World's Most Difficult Vault". WOGymnastika. 9 June 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  13. ^ Lawrence, Blythe (8 October 2012). "Memorable Moments From Prelims". ESPN. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  14. ^ a b c Talwar, Sushant (13 August 2016). "'Produnova', The 'Vault Of Death'; Only 5 Women Have Nailed It". TheQuint. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  15. ^ "video: Fadwa Mahmoud (EGY) 14.950". youtube. 29 March 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  16. ^ "After a flight, a landing: Why Dipa Karmakar's medal in Commonwealth Games is its bravest bronze". The Indian Express. 2014-08-24. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  17. ^ "Why Dipa Karmakar's Produnova is a vault of death | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
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