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'''Tilla Durieux''' (born '''Ottilie Godeffroy'''; 18 August 1880 – 21 February 1971) was an Austrian theatre and film [[actress]] of the first decades of the 20th century.
'''Tilla Durieux''' (born '''Ottilie Godeffroy'''; 18 August 1880 – 21 February 1971) was an Austrian theatre and film [[actress]] of the first decades of the 20th century.
[[File:Franz von Stuck Tilla Durieux als Circe.jpg|thumb|[[Franz Stuck]] Tilla Durieux posing as [[Circe]] (1912)]]
[[File:Franz von Stuck Tilla Durieux als Circe.jpg|thumb|[[Franz von Stuck]]'s ''Tilla Durieux als [[Circe]]'', {{circa|1913}}]]
[[File:Tilla Durieux by Becker & Maass.jpg|thumb|Tilla Durieux by Becker & Maass, around 1915]]
[[File:Tilla Durieux by Becker & Maass.jpg|thumb|Tilla Durieux by Becker & Maass, {{circa|1915}}]]


==Early Years==
==Early Years==
Born Ottilie Helene Angela Godeffroy<ref>[https://orf.at/stories/3289647/ Leopold Museum widmet sich Filmstar Tilla Durieux], orf.at </ref>
Born Ottilie Helene Angela Godeffroy<ref>[https://orf.at/stories/3289647/ Leopold Museum widmet sich Filmstar Tilla Durieux], orf.at </ref>
on 18 August 1880, she was the daughter of the Austrian chemist Richard Max Victor Godeffroy (1847&ndash;1895)<ref>[https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_2/14.pdf Godeffroy], biographien.ac.at</ref> and his wife, the Hungarian pianist Adelheid Ottilie Augustine Godeffroy (née Hrdlicka, died 1920), who was born in Romania.<ref>Tilla Durieux: ''Meine ersten neunzig Jahre.'' Rowohlt Taschenbuch, Reinbek 1976, S. 10 ff.</ref> After graduating from elementary school, she switched to the public school in Vienna's 9th district. She was baptized in the evangelical parish Augsburg Confession in Vienna.<ref>https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11581838.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref><ref>Am 31. Mai 1928 trat sie in die katholische Kirche über, vgl. dazu: Sigrid Bauschinger, Die Cassirers, München, Beck 2015, S. 347,</ref>
on 18 August 1880, she was the daughter of the Austrian chemist Richard Max Victor Godeffroy (1847&ndash;1895)<ref>[https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_2/14.pdf Godeffroy], biographien.ac.at</ref> and his wife, the Hungarian pianist Adelheid Ottilie Augustine Godeffroy (née Hrdlicka, died 1920), who was born in Romania.<ref>Tilla Durieux: ''Meine ersten neunzig Jahre.'' Rowohlt Taschenbuch, Reinbek 1976, S. 10 ff.</ref> After graduating from elementary school, she switched to the public school in Vienna's 9th district. She was baptized in the evangelical parish Augsburg Confession in Vienna.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11581838.pdf |title=Tilla Durieux - Selbstbilder und Images der Schauspielerin |author=Melanie Ruff |date=19 October 2007 |accessdate=6 December 2022}}</ref><ref>Am 31. Mai 1928 trat sie in die katholische Kirche über, vgl. dazu: Sigrid Bauschinger, Die Cassirers, München, Beck 2015, S. 347,</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
She trained as an actress in Vienna, her native town, and made her debut at the [[Margraviate of Moravia|Moravian]] Theatre in [[Olomouc|Olmütz]] (Olomouc) in 1902. Since her mother refused her career choice, she later adopted the stage name Durieux, derived from du Rieux, the maiden name of her paternal grandmother. The next season she got an engagement in [[Wrocław|Breslau]] (Wrocław since 1945). From 1903 she worked with [[Max Reinhardt]] at the [[Deutsches Theater (Berlin)|Deutsches Theater]] in [[Berlin]] and with a group of [[Expressionism|expressionist]] artists around [[Kurt Hiller]] and [[Jakob van Hoddis]]. In 1911 Durieux entered the stage of the [[Lessing Theater]] where, on 1 November 1913, she became the second actress to perform the role [[Eliza Doolittle]] in a German language production of [[George Bernard Shaw]]'s play ''[[Pygmalion (play)|Pygmalion]]'', half a year before its English premiere on 11 April 1914.<ref>Huggett, Richard (1969). ''The Truth About Pygmalion''. Random House.</ref> From 1915 she performed at the Royal [[Konzerthaus Berlin|Schauspielhaus Berlin]].
She trained as an actress in Vienna, her native town, and made her debut at the [[Margraviate of Moravia|Moravian]] Theatre in [[Olomouc|Olmütz]] (Olomouc) in 1902. Since her mother refused her career choice, she later adopted the stage name Durieux, derived from du Rieux, the maiden name of her paternal grandmother. The next season she got an engagement in [[Wrocław |Breslau]] (Wrocław since 1945). From 1903 she worked with [[Max Reinhardt]] at the [[Deutsches Theater (Berlin)|Deutsches Theater]] in [[Berlin]] and with a group of [[Expressionism|expressionist]] artists around [[Kurt Hiller]] and [[Jakob van Hoddis]]. In 1911 Durieux entered the stage of the [[Lessing Theater]] where, on 1 November 1913, she became the second actress to perform the role [[Eliza Doolittle]] in a German language production of [[George Bernard Shaw]]'s play ''[[Pygmalion (play)|Pygmalion]]'', half a year before its English premiere on 11 April 1914.<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard Huggett |year=1969 |title=The Truth About Pygmalion |publisher=Random House}}</ref> From 1915 she performed at the Royal [[Konzerthaus Berlin |Schauspielhaus Berlin]].


==Marriages==
==Marriages==
In 1904, Durieux married the [[Berlin Secession]] painter [[Eugen Spiro]], whose younger sister was [[Baladine Klossowska]].
In 1904, Durieux married the [[Berlin Secession]] painter [[Eugen Spiro]], whose younger sister was [[Baladine Klossowska]]. They divorced consensually in 1905, after she had fallen in love with [[Paul Cassirer]].

They divorced consensually in 1905, after she had fallen in love with [[Paul Cassirer]].
She started dating the successful art dealer and editor and they got married in 1910. The marriage lasted 16 years, however Cassirer was very affected when Durieux wanted to divorce him. Unfortunately Cassirer had asserted various defamations against Durieux and was obviously not willing to continue without her. When their divorce was declared in 1926, Cassiere committed suicide in a room next to the court room where their hearing had taken place (1926).<ref>{{citation|last=Durieux|first=Tilla|year=1972|title=Meine ersten neunzig Jahre: Erinnerungen. Die Jahre 1952-1971.(in German)|edition=|publisher=Herbig|location=Munich|isbn=978-3776608595|pages=312–314}}</ref>
She started dating the successful art dealer and editor and they got married in 1910. The marriage lasted 16 years, however Cassirer was very affected when Durieux wanted to divorce him. Unfortunately Cassirer had asserted various defamations against Durieux and was obviously not willing to continue without her. When their divorce was declared in 1926, Cassirer committed suicide in a room next to the court room where their hearing had taken place (1926).<ref>{{citation|last=Durieux |first=Tilla |year=1972 |title=Meine ersten neunzig Jahre: Erinnerungen. Die Jahre 1952-1971. |edition= |publisher=Herbig |location=Munich |isbn=978-3776608595 |pages=312–314 |lang=de}}</ref>


Soon after, Durieux married general director [[:de:Ludwig Katzenellenbogen|Ludwig Katzenellenbogen]]. In 1927 they were the main financiers of [[Erwin Piscator]]'s [[Neues Schauspielhaus]] project. Durieux was a public character of [[1920s Berlin]] and associated with numerous celebrities like the photographer [[Frieda Riess]].
Soon after, Durieux married general director [[:de:Ludwig Katzenellenbogen|Ludwig Katzenellenbogen]]. In 1927 they were the main financiers of [[Erwin Piscator]]'s [[Neues Schauspielhaus]] project. Durieux was a public character of [[1920s Berlin]] and associated with numerous celebrities like the photographer [[Frieda Riess]].


==Escape from Germany==
==Escape from Germany==
In 1933, Durieux and Katzenellenbogen left [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] for [[Switzerland]] to escape [[Nazi Party|Nazi]] rule. She continued to perform at the Vienna [[Theater in der Josefstadt]] and in [[Prague]]. In 1937 she moved to [[Zagreb]], [[Croatia]] (then in the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]) where she became a member of the [[International Red Aid]]. Durieux unsuccessfully tried to obtain visa for the [[United States]]; in 1941 Ludwig Katzenellenbogen was arrested by [[Gestapo]] agents in [[Thessaloniki]] and deported to [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp]]. He died in 1944 at Jüdisches Krankenhaus Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Katzenellenbogen|title = Ludwig Katzenellenbogen}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=April 2022}}
In 1933, Durieux and Katzenellenbogen left [[Nazi Germany |Germany]] for [[Switzerland]] to escape [[Nazi Party|Nazi]] rule. She continued to perform at the Vienna [[Theater in der Josefstadt]] and in [[Prague]]. In 1937 she moved to [[Zagreb]], [[Croatia]] (then in the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]) where she became a member of the [[International Red Aid]]. Durieux unsuccessfully tried to obtain visa for the [[United States]]; in 1941 Ludwig Katzenellenbogen was arrested by [[Gestapo]] agents in [[Thessaloniki]] and deported to [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp]]. He died in 1944 at Jüdisches Krankenhaus Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Katzenellenbogen|title = Ludwig Katzenellenbogen}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=April 2022}}


==Return and late Years==
==Return and late Years==
Durieux managed to return to [[West Germany]] in 1952, appearing on stages in Berlin, [[Hamburg]] and [[Münster]]. The plays in which she performed included [[A Dream Play]] by [[August Strindberg]], The Chines Wall by [[Max Frisch]] and Atriden by [[Gerhart Hauptmann]].
Durieux managed to return to [[West Germany]] in 1952, appearing on stages in Berlin, [[Hamburg]], and [[Münster]]. The plays in which she performed included ''[[A Dream Play]]'' by [[August Strindberg]], ''The Chinese Wall'' by [[Max Frisch]], and ''Atriden'' by [[Gerhart Hauptmann]].


In 1971 Durieux needed surgery for a [[hip fracture]] and died of post-operative [[sepsis]]. Despite the fact that the date on her gravestone is 21st of January 1971, she died on the 21st of February 1971, which would have been the 100th birthday of Paul Cassirer.<ref>{{citation|last=Oertwig|first=Bernd|year=2019|title=Berühmte Tote leben ewig. Berliner Schicksale (in German)|edition=|publisher=Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg|location=Berlin|isbn=978-3947215-584|page=240}}</ref>
In 1971 Durieux underwent surgery for a [[hip fracture]] and died of post-operative [[sepsis]]. Despite the fact that the date on her gravestone is 21st of January 1971, she died on the 21st of February 1971, which would have been the 100th birthday of Paul Cassirer.<ref>{{citation|last=Oertwig |first=Bernd |year=2019 |title=Berühmte Tote leben ewig. Berliner Schicksale |publisher=Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3947215-584 |page=240 |lang=de}}</ref>


==Filmography==
==Filmography==
Line 95: Line 95:
*{{IMDb name|0244134}}
*{{IMDb name|0244134}}
*{{IBDB name|id=38800}}
*{{IBDB name|id=38800}}
*[http://tilla.mdc.hr/En_Tilla_Durieux.aspx KGFOYVIVTilla Durieux and her Art Collection]
*[http://tilla.mdc.hr/En_Tilla_Durieux.aspx Tilla Durieux and her Art Collection]
*[http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/collection_database/european_paintings/Tilla_Durieux_Ottilie_Godeffroy_1880_1971/viewObject.aspx?&OID=110001883&PgSz=1 Portrait of Tilla Durieux painted by Renoir: Metropolitan Museum of Art]
*[http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/collection_database/european_paintings/Tilla_Durieux_Ottilie_Godeffroy_1880_1971/viewObject.aspx?&OID=110001883&PgSz=1 Portrait of Tilla Durieux painted by Renoir: Metropolitan Museum of Art]
*[https://digipres.cjh.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE8834399 ''Spielen und traeumen''], a 1922 autobiographical work on Durieux's childhood at the [[Leo Baeck Institute, New York]]
*[https://digipres.cjh.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE8834399 ''Spielen und traeumen''], a 1922 autobiographical work on Durieux's childhood at the [[Leo Baeck Institute, New York]]

Revision as of 09:51, 6 December 2022

Tilla Durieux
Photograph by Jacob Hilsdorf (1905)
Born
Ottilie Godeffroy

(1880-08-18)18 August 1880
Vienna, Austria-Hungary
Died21 February 1971(1971-02-21) (aged 90)
West Berlin, West Germany
OccupationActress
Years active1902–1970
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1903; div. 1905)​

​
​
(m. 1910; div. 1926)​

Ludwig Katzenellenbogen
​
​
(m. 1930; died 1944)​

Tilla Durieux (born Ottilie Godeffroy; 18 August 1880 – 21 February 1971) was an Austrian theatre and film actress of the first decades of the 20th century.

Franz von Stuck's Tilla Durieux als Circe, c. 1913
Tilla Durieux by Becker & Maass, c. 1915

Early Years

Born Ottilie Helene Angela Godeffroy[1] on 18 August 1880, she was the daughter of the Austrian chemist Richard Max Victor Godeffroy (1847–1895)[2] and his wife, the Hungarian pianist Adelheid Ottilie Augustine Godeffroy (née Hrdlicka, died 1920), who was born in Romania.[3] After graduating from elementary school, she switched to the public school in Vienna's 9th district. She was baptized in the evangelical parish Augsburg Confession in Vienna.[4][5]

Career

She trained as an actress in Vienna, her native town, and made her debut at the Moravian Theatre in Olmütz (Olomouc) in 1902. Since her mother refused her career choice, she later adopted the stage name Durieux, derived from du Rieux, the maiden name of her paternal grandmother. The next season she got an engagement in Breslau (Wrocław since 1945). From 1903 she worked with Max Reinhardt at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin and with a group of expressionist artists around Kurt Hiller and Jakob van Hoddis. In 1911 Durieux entered the stage of the Lessing Theater where, on 1 November 1913, she became the second actress to perform the role Eliza Doolittle in a German language production of George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion, half a year before its English premiere on 11 April 1914.[6] From 1915 she performed at the Royal Schauspielhaus Berlin.

Marriages

In 1904, Durieux married the Berlin Secession painter Eugen Spiro, whose younger sister was Baladine Klossowska. They divorced consensually in 1905, after she had fallen in love with Paul Cassirer.

She started dating the successful art dealer and editor and they got married in 1910. The marriage lasted 16 years, however Cassirer was very affected when Durieux wanted to divorce him. Unfortunately Cassirer had asserted various defamations against Durieux and was obviously not willing to continue without her. When their divorce was declared in 1926, Cassirer committed suicide in a room next to the court room where their hearing had taken place (1926).[7]

Soon after, Durieux married general director Ludwig Katzenellenbogen. In 1927 they were the main financiers of Erwin Piscator's Neues Schauspielhaus project. Durieux was a public character of 1920s Berlin and associated with numerous celebrities like the photographer Frieda Riess.

Escape from Germany

In 1933, Durieux and Katzenellenbogen left Germany for Switzerland to escape Nazi rule. She continued to perform at the Vienna Theater in der Josefstadt and in Prague. In 1937 she moved to Zagreb, Croatia (then in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) where she became a member of the International Red Aid. Durieux unsuccessfully tried to obtain visa for the United States; in 1941 Ludwig Katzenellenbogen was arrested by Gestapo agents in Thessaloniki and deported to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. He died in 1944 at Jüdisches Krankenhaus Berlin.[8][circular reference]

Return and late Years

Durieux managed to return to West Germany in 1952, appearing on stages in Berlin, Hamburg, and Münster. The plays in which she performed included A Dream Play by August Strindberg, The Chinese Wall by Max Frisch, and Atriden by Gerhart Hauptmann.

In 1971 Durieux underwent surgery for a hip fracture and died of post-operative sepsis. Despite the fact that the date on her gravestone is 21st of January 1971, she died on the 21st of February 1971, which would have been the 100th birthday of Paul Cassirer.[9]

Filmography

Year Title Role Notes
1914 Der Flug in die Sonne Helga Steinert
1915 Die Launen einer Weltdame Maud, leading role "lady of the world"
1920 Die Verschleierte leading role
1921 Hashish, the Paradise of Hell Sultanin
1921 Der zeugende Tod Boroka, Malerin
1922 The Blood screenplay by Tilla Durieux
1929 Woman in the Moon Fünf Gehirne und Scheckbücher
1953 The Stronger Woman Mutter der Fürstin
1954 The Last Bridge Mara
1956 The Story of Anastasia Zarenmutter Maria Feodorowna von Russland
1957 Von allen geliebt Frau Avenarius
1957 El Hakim Mutter des Hussni
1958 Resurrection Die Alte
1959 Labyrinth Schwester Celestine
1959 Morgen wirst du um mich weinen [de] Tante Ermelin
1961 Barbara Armgart
1964 Condemned to Sin Die Großmutter
1966 It Die Alte aus dem Osten

References

  1. ^ Leopold Museum widmet sich Filmstar Tilla Durieux, orf.at
  2. ^ Godeffroy, biographien.ac.at
  3. ^ Tilla Durieux: Meine ersten neunzig Jahre. Rowohlt Taschenbuch, Reinbek 1976, S. 10 ff.
  4. ^ Melanie Ruff (19 October 2007). "Tilla Durieux - Selbstbilder und Images der Schauspielerin" (PDF). Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  5. ^ Am 31. Mai 1928 trat sie in die katholische Kirche über, vgl. dazu: Sigrid Bauschinger, Die Cassirers, München, Beck 2015, S. 347,
  6. ^ Richard Huggett (1969). The Truth About Pygmalion. Random House.
  7. ^ Durieux, Tilla (1972), Meine ersten neunzig Jahre: Erinnerungen. Die Jahre 1952-1971. (in German), Munich: Herbig, pp. 312–314, ISBN 978-3776608595
  8. ^ "Ludwig Katzenellenbogen".
  9. ^ Oertwig, Bernd (2019), Berühmte Tote leben ewig. Berliner Schicksale (in German), Berlin: Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, p. 240, ISBN 978-3947215-584
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