Classification of Arabic languages: Difference between revisions
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*The various [[Judeo-Arabic languages]]. |
*The various [[Judeo-Arabic languages]]. |
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[[SIL Ethnologue]] unites [[Canaanite languages|Canaanite]] and Arabic in a '''South Central Semitic''' group together with [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] forming [[Central Semitic]], but it is more common to unite Aramaic and Canaanite as [[Northwest Semitic]]. |
[[SIL Ethnologue]] unites [[Canaanite languages|Canaanite]] and Arabic in a '''South Central Semitic''' group together with [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] forming [[Central Semitic]], but it is more common to unite Aramaic and Canaanite as [[Northwest Semitic]]. |
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{{Infobox Language|name=Ancient North Arabian |
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|region=[[Arabia]] |
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|familycolor=Afro-Asiatic |
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|extinct=marginalized by [[Classical Arabic]] from the 7th century |
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|fam2=[[Semitic languages|Semitic]] |
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|fam3=[[West Semitic languages|West]] |
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|fam4=[[Central Semitic languages|Central]] |
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|fam5=Arabic |
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|script=[[South Arabian alphabet]] |
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|iso3=xna}} |
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'''Ancient North Arabian''' is known from fragmentary inscriptions in [[Jordan]], [[Syria]] and [[Saudi Arabia]], dating to between roughly the 6th century BC and the 6th century AD, all written in scripts derived from [[Epigraphic South Arabian]]. These dialects appear to be predecessors of [[Classical Arabic]]. |
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Ancient North Arabian uses ''h-'' rather than ''al-'' for the definite article. |
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==Literature== |
==Literature== |
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Revision as of 12:05, 17 March 2007
| Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Arabia, Arab world |
| Linguistic classification | Afro-Asiatic |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
The Arabic language family consists of
- The Arabic macrolanguage (ISO 639-3 ara), including the living varieties of Arabic as well as Classical Arabic and Standard Arabic.
- a number of closely related extinct dialects of pre-Islamic Arabia, summarized as Ancient or Old North Arabian (ISO 639-3 xna), including
- Safaitic
- Dedanitic/Lihyanitic (Dedanite/Lihyanite)
- Thamudic
- Hasaitic
- The various Judeo-Arabic languages.
SIL Ethnologue unites Canaanite and Arabic in a South Central Semitic group together with Aramaic forming Central Semitic, but it is more common to unite Aramaic and Canaanite as Northwest Semitic.
Literature
- Lozachmeur, H., (ed.), (1995) Presence arabe dans le croissant fertile avant l'Hegire (Actes de la table ronde internationale Paris, 13 Novembre 1993) Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations. ISBN 286538 2540
- Macdonald, M.C.A., (2000) "Reflections on the linguistic map of pre-Islamic Arabia" Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 11(1), 28–79
- Scagliarini, F., (1999) "The Dedanitic inscriptions from Jabal 'Ikma in north-western Hejaz" Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 29, 143-150 ISBN 2-503-50829-4
- Winnett, F.V. and Reed, W.L., (1970) Ancient Records from North Arabia (Toronto: University of Toronto)