Jump to content

Palmer Report: Difference between revisions

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Undid revision 1163420552 by Ndelsangro (talk) see talk page for consensus
mNo edit summary
Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile app edit iOS app edit
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|American fake news website}}
{{Short description|American liberal news website}}
{{About|the American political blog|the UN Report on Israel's naval blockade of Gaza|Geoffrey Palmer (politician)#UN Inquiry}}
{{About|the American political blog|the UN Report on Israel's naval blockade of Gaza|Geoffrey Palmer (politician)#UN Inquiry}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{pp|small=yes}}

Revision as of 19:49, 4 July 2023

This article is about the American political blog. For the UN Report on Israel's naval blockade of Gaza, see Geoffrey Palmer (politician) § UN Inquiry.

Palmer Report
Homepage on July 4, 2021
Type of site
Political blog
Available inEnglish
Predecessor(s)Daily News Bin
OwnerBill Palmer
Founder(s)Bill Palmer
URLwww.palmerreport.com Edit this at Wikidata
RegistrationNone
Launched2016; 8 years ago (2016)[1]
Current statusActive

The Palmer Report is an American liberal[2] fake news website,[3] founded in 2016 by Bill Palmer.[4] It is known for making unsubstantiated or false claims,[5] producing hyperpartisan content,[6] and publishing conspiracy theories,[7][8] especially on matters relating to Donald Trump and Russia.[14] Fact-checkers have debunked numerous Palmer Report stories, and organizations including the Columbia Journalism Review and the German Marshall Fund have listed the site among false content producers or biased websites.[15][16]

History

Bill Palmer worked as an elementary school teacher before beginning a series of online publications. His earlier endeavors primarily discussed music and technology. In 2013, he launched a publication titled The Stabley Times under a pseudonym. Like his previous websites, the site covered music and technology, but it also added coverage of political and sports-related topics.[17] Palmer subsequently founded a politics-focused site called Daily News Bin. A hyperpartisan left-wing website,[18][19] Daily News Bin was described by Snopes editor Brooke Binkowski as "a pro-Hillary Clinton 'news site' designed to 'counter misinformation'".[20][4] Daily News Bin promoted fake and sensationalized pro-Clinton narratives, according to The New York Observer.[21]

A 2017 study by the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University identified Daily News Bin as part of a set of "newer highly partisan sites farther left on the spectrum" than "the mainstays of liberal media" such as the Huffington Post, Vox, and Slate.[22] Also in 2017, Aaron Blake wrote in the Washington Post that misinformation from the Daily News Bin was comparable to that of InfoWars or The Gateway Pundit during the 2016 United States presidential election.[23] Daily News Bin routinely published unsourced claims about the election,[24] including falsehoods on Bernie Sanders[25] and voting machines in Wisconsin.[26] Additionally, Daily News Bin falsely claimed that the Podesta emails were fabricated[27][28] and falsely claimed that a video of a public event funded by Goldman Sachs was one of Clinton's paid speeches to Goldman Sachs.[29] Daily News Bin was included in Le Monde's database of unreliable news sites.[30][31]

Content

The Palmer Report is a hyperpartisan[6] liberal[2] fake news political blog.[3] It is known for making unsubstantiated or false claims[5] and publishing conspiracy theories,[7][8] especially on matters relating to Donald Trump and Russia.[9][11][12][13] The Palmer Report typically uses anonymous sources and its articles give the impression that Trump is about to go to prison or be deposed.[32] It is regarded as a political propaganda outlet[33][34] or left-wing disinformation.[35][36] Articles from the Palmer Report were shared almost exclusively by Hillary Clinton supporters during the 2016 presidential election.[37] The Palmer Report received five million unique visits per month over the course of 2017.[38]

Some of the Palmer Report's most widely shared stories include the conspiracy theory that then-House Speaker Paul Ryan and Sen. Majority Leader Mitch McConnell funneled "Russian money" to Trump[11][23] and that Robert Mueller planned on arresting Donald Trump Jr. for "treason."[13]

2016–2017

After Trump was announced as the winner of the election, the Palmer Report published two articles claiming that the election was "rigged"[39] and falsely claimed 5,000 Trump votes in Wisconsin were disqualified.[40] During a recount in Waukesha County, a fake news story from the Palmer Report spread online, alleging that election officials were double-counting votes for Trump. The source of the story was an unverified Facebook post. Election officials dismissed the story, and the Wisconsin Elections Commission found no evidence for the allegations. The story was shared close to 40,000 times on social media.[41] Statistician Andrew Gelman compared the Palmer Report's claims of election rigging to claims made in the National Enquirer, and wrote that "the basis for these accusations is more perceived unfairness than actual statistics".[39][42]

In January 2017, the Palmer Report claimed that Trump posed for a fake speechwriting photograph at an auction house receptionist's desk and included an Instagram photo of the receptionist. Snopes found that the photo in question had been taken at Mar-a-Lago and posted in December 2015 and that the receptionist was not an auction house employee.[43]

During the 2017 Syria missile strikes ordered by Trump, the Palmer Report suggested, without evidence, that Trump spared the runways of the Shayrat airfield due to Russian collusion.[44] MSNBC host Lawrence O'Donnell echoed a Palmer Report conspiracy theory that Syria's chemical weapon attack was orchestrated by the Russian government in order to allow Trump to appear distant from Putin.[12][45] The story contained no evidence.[4][46]

Previous Palmer Report logo

In April 2017, the Palmer Report falsely claimed that the FBI had intelligence that Russia was blackmailing Republican Representative Jason Chaffetz.[47] The evidence for the claim came from a tweet from Louise Mensch, who, in turn, cited unnamed sources. Snopes found no evidence for this claim.[48][49] Ned Price, former special assistant to Obama, promoted the false claim on Twitter.[50]

The Palmer Report also wrote a story claiming that Trump paid $10 million to Chaffetz, which was later shared by constitutional law professor Laurence Tribe.[4][51][11][52] The article pointed to a "report" from a tweet sent by a user with 257 followers.[4] In response to Tribe sharing the Palmer Report's article, political scientist Brendan Nyhan wrote: "Is this a joke? This is tinfoil hat conspiracy stuff".[53] A few years later, Tribe acknowledged he made "a mistake" and did not realize the Palmer Report "was as unreliable as it is."[54]

In May 2017, Senator Ed Markey was forced to backtrack a false claim that a grand jury had been impaneled in New York in relation to the Special Counsel investigation; the source for the claim was the Palmer Report and Mensch's blog, according to one of his aides.[55][56][57][52] In the same month, the Palmer Report reported that Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts had ordered Neil Gorsuch to recuse himself from all Trump-related Russia hearings, with his only source being a "single tweet from an anonymous Twitter account under the name 'Puesto Loco'".[12]

During the 2017 Niger ambush, where four US soldiers were killed by militants from the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara, the Palmer Report speculated that US troops in Niger were involved in a "secret Russian-controlled military operation" approved by Trump.[58] The Palmer Report also pushed a conspiracy theory that the Trump administration's travel ban against Chad was connected to the Niger ambush.[59]

In October 2017, the Palmer Report published a story claiming that Jared Kushner had "secretly" flown to Saudi Arabia "ahead of his possible arrest", citing a Politico article. The cited Politico article debunks the Palmer Report's own story since it stated that Kushner had actually departed on a diplomatic trip two days prior to the announcement that Robert Mueller's team would begin issuing indictments in relation to the Special Counsel investigation and that Kushner returned to Washington, D.C. to celebrate his wife Ivanka Trump's birthday before anyone had been taken into custody. Snopes rated the Palmer Report's story as false.[55] A few days after the story was published, Palmer acknowledged that Kushner returned home and was not arrested.[60]

2018–present

During the 2018 Kavanaugh hearings, the Palmer Report and others falsely claimed that Zina Bash, who is of Mexican and Jewish descent, flashed a "white-power" symbol.[61] David Harsanyi said the Palmer Report and others were "conspiracy-mongering in much the same way Alex Jones is conspiracy-mongering."[62]

Following a speech Trump delivered on January 8, 2020 concerning an Iranian missile strike at American bases and other hostilities with Iran, the Palmer Report incorrectly claimed that a general standing behind Trump gave a "horrified look" when Trump mentioned hypersonic missiles. The Palmer Report also incorrectly claimed that by acknowledging the missiles, Trump leaked "classified information." A video of the speech shows no general giving a horrified look and it is a well known fact that America possess hypersonic missile technology.[63]

In August 2020, the Palmer Report predominantly "[led] the charge" against MSNBC host Chris Hayes after he reported on the Tara Reade sexual assault accusations against Biden. The Palmer Report commented, "I won't stop going after Hayes until he retracts his false story or he's off the air." According to The Daily Dot, "All Hayes did was address the story. But Biden supporters...are throwing their arms up at a member of the media for covering it, demanding he be fired, calling it fake news, and searching for conspiracies, refusing to interrogate that a candidate who has a history of making women uncomfortable could do something like that."[64][65]

In December 2020, the Palmer Report falsely reported that Colin Powell had urged Michael Flynn to be put on "military trial for sedition."[66]

Accuracy and ideology

In an October 2018 Simmons Research survey of 38 news organizations, the Palmer Report was ranked the fourth least trusted news organization by Americans – underneath Breitbart News and the Daily Kos – with Occupy Democrats, InfoWars, and The Daily Caller being lower-ranked.[67] In an October 2020 study by the German Marshall Fund examining misinformation on social media during the 2016 election, the Palmer Report was one of the websites categorized as "false content producers" or "manipulators".[16] The Palmer Report is labeled a biased source in the Columbia Journalism Review's collected index of "fake-news, clickbait, and hate sites".[15]

Evaluation by journalists

Various journalists have publicly discouraged individuals from sharing Palmer Report articles.[17] Bethania Palma, writing for Snopes, stated that the Palmer Report "generally relies on supposition, often extrapolating conclusions from flimsy sourcing, to make rather explosive claims that have fooled many".[55] Snopes' managing editor, Brooke Binkowski, said that the stories were "nominally true" but sensationalized innocuous information.[20] In 2017, Zack Beauchamp of Vox said that the Palmer Report was "devoted nearly exclusively to spreading bizarre assertions".[11] Author Colin Dickey, writing in The New Republic, said that the Palmer Report "routinely blasts out stories that sound serious but are actually based on a single, unverified source".[12] The Atlantic's McKay Coppins called the Palmer Report "the publication of record for anti-Trump conspiracy nuts who don't care about the credibility of the record".[50] Journalist Glenn Greenwald of The Intercept wrote that the Palmer Report is "a classic fake news site created by ... a crazed fanatical follower of Hillary Clinton who got caught purposely disseminating fake news during the election".[42] In 2017, George Zornick, writing for The Nation, described the Palmer Report as "churn[ing] out Russia-related fake news by the pixel load".[68] The Washington Post columnist Dana Milbank identified the Palmer Report as "part of a larger phenomenon that has already taken root online, where in some quarters full-blown cases of Trump derangement syndrome have already broken out."[45] David G. McAfee [sv]'s The Curious Person's Guide to Fighting Fake News described the Palmer Report as a website that "provides skewed content featuring sensational headlines and stories with unverified conspiracy theories".[69] In February 2017, The Atlantic ran an article titled "The Rise of Progressive Fake News" and used the Palmer Report as one of its leading examples.[42]

Palmer Report's prediction that Susan Collins was "toast" in the 2020 United States Senate election in Maine – an election she won by nine points – was named one of "The Worst Predictions of 2020" by Politico.[70]

In 2023, Newsweek redacted an article calling Palmer Report a fake news website, saying that was incorrect.[71]

Evaluation by academia

Political scientist Alan Wolfe wrote in 2019 that Trump's connection with Russia "has created a wide-open field for leftist conspiracy theorists to make one wild claim after another; nearly all of them...can be conveniently found on a website called the Palmer Report."[9] In a 2019 report from the NYU Stern Center for Business and Human Rights, the Palmer Report was described as a "left-leaning dubious-content site" where many of the articles "range from the unsubstantiated...to the sophomoric."[60] In Yochai Benkler's 2018 book, Network Propaganda, found that the Palmer Report (along with Occupy Democrats) were the "clearest examples" of left-wing sites that adopted the "hyperpartisan strategy" of successful right-wing sites in 2017.[72] David Greenberg, a professor of history and journalism, identified the Palmer Report as a "junk-news" site and a source not to be trusted.[73] Brendan Nyhan believes with sites like the Palmer Report, the left risks "poisoning" the Democratic Party.[32] Sociologist Ellis Jones gave the Palmer Report an "F" grade on his "A" through "F" scale.[74]

Operation

The Palmer Report is operated by Bill Palmer, whom Business Insider described in 2017 as a "mysterious individual" whose history is largely unknown. The Palmer Report, like many of Palmer's previous publications, has a long list of writers on its website, in 2017 it was reported that many of them had only written a single article for the site, and most of the content appeared to have been written by Palmer himself. In 2023, while Palmer still writes many articles himself, there are five other regular writers. Palmer has used several GoFundMe campaigns to raise funds for his publication and the Palmer Report now features a prominent call for donations on each page. Palmer has clashed with other liberal social media groups, including Pantsuit Nation.[17] Palmer describes himself as a political journalist;[75] media sources have variously described him as a journalist,[11] political analyst,[76] left-wing political blogger,[77] and anti-Trump Twitter user.[78]

References

  1. ^ "About – Palmer Report". February 9, 2014. Archived from the original on February 9, 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  2. ^ a b Sources describing the Palmer Report as a liberal website include:
  3. ^ a b Sources describing The Palmer Report as a fake news website include:
  4. ^ a b c d e Bernstein, Joseph (May 11, 2017). "Why Is A Top Harvard Law Professor Sharing Anti-Trump Conspiracy Theories?". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Sources supporting that the Palmer Report is known for unsubstantiated or false claims include:
  6. ^ a b Sources describing the Palmer Report as hyperpartisan include:
  7. ^ a b Sources describing the Palmer Report as a conspiracist/conspiracy website include:
  8. ^ a b Sources supporting that the Palmer Report is known for publishing conspiracy theories include:
  9. ^ a b c Wolfe, Alan (August 22, 2019). The Politics of Petulance: America in an Age of Immaturity. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-226-67911-2. OCLC 1089910327. Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  10. ^ Andrews, Jeff (May 30, 2017). "The Greatest Hits Of Liberal Conspiracy Theory Twitter". Vocativ. Retrieved August 22, 2021.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Beauchamp, Zack (May 19, 2017). "Democrats are falling for fake news about Russia". Vox. Archived from the original on May 12, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d e Dickey, Colin (June 8, 2017). "The New Paranoia". The New Republic. Archived from the original on June 8, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  13. ^ a b c Covucci, David (March 25, 2019). "Trump-Russia conspiracy theorists think they've found secrets in the Mueller report". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  14. ^ [9][10][11][12][13]
  15. ^ a b "CJR index of fake-news, clickbait, and hate sites". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  16. ^ a b Alba, Davey (October 12, 2020). "On Facebook, Misinformation Is More Popular Now Than in 2016". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  17. ^ a b c Engel, Pamela (May 16, 2017). "'People want it to be true': Inside the growing influence of a mysterious anti-Trump website". Business Insider. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
  18. ^ Jolly, David; Gamarra, Eduardo; Moreno, Dario; Murphy, Patrick, eds. (October 2020). A Divided Union: Structural Challenges to Bipartisanship in America. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-003-09826-3.
  19. ^ Tucker, Joshua A.; Guess, Andrew; Barbera, Pablo; Vaccari, Cristian; Siegel, Alexandra; Sanovich, Sergey; Stukal, Denis; Nyhan, Brendan (March 19, 2018). "Social Media, Political Polarization, and Political Disinformation: A Review of the Scientific Literature". Loughborough's Research Repository. Rochester, NY: Elsevier: 27. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3144139. SSRN 3144139.
  20. ^ a b Meyer, Robinson (February 3, 2017). "The Rise of Progressive 'Fake News'". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on July 1, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  21. ^ Sainato, Michael (March 22, 2017). "Rachel Maddow Asserts Russian Government Incited 'Bot Attack' on Sanders Groups". The New York Observer. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  22. ^ Faris, Robert; Roberts, Hal; Etling, Bruce (August 8, 2017). Partisanship, Propaganda, and Disinformation: Online Media and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. Berkman Center for Internet & Society. p. 36. OCLC 1048396744.
  23. ^ a b Blake, Aaron (August 22, 2017). "Trump backers' alarming reliance on hoax and conspiracy theory websites, in 1 chart". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  24. ^ Cesca, Bob (May 23, 2017). "No, the Russia scandal isn't fake news or conspiracy theory — it's a national crisis we don't fully understand". Salon. Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  25. ^ LaCapria, Kim (March 11, 2016). "Bernie Sanders Gives Bank of America Speeches?". Snopes. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  26. ^ LaCapria, Kim (December 3, 2016). "FACT CHECK: Wisconsin Recount Observers Find Voting Machines with Broken Seals". Snopes. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  27. ^ LaCapria, Kim (October 12, 2016). "FALSE: Newsweek Proves That WikiLeaks Is Leaking Phony 'Hillary Clinton Emails'". Snopes. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  28. ^ Greenwald, Glenn (December 9, 2016). "A Clinton Fan Manufactured Fake News That MSNBC Personalities Spread to Discredit WikiLeaks Docs". The Intercept. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  29. ^ Fang, Lee (November 26, 2016). "Some Fake News Publishers Just Happen to Be Donald Trump's Cronies". The Intercept. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  30. ^ Davies, Jessica (January 25, 2017). "Le Monde identifies 600 unreliable websites in fake-news crackdown". Digiday. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  31. ^ Elgan, Mike (January 28, 2017). "Why fake news is a tech problem". Computerworld. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  32. ^ a b Schröder, Thorsten [in German] (May 24, 2017). "Trumps Skandale? Ansichtssache". Die Zeit (in German). ISSN 0044-2070.
  33. ^ Carter, Edward L. (January 1, 2022). ""Truth Is the Only Ground" How Journalism Contributes to Good Government". BYU Studies Quarterly. 61 (1): 226. ISSN 2167-8480.
  34. ^ Smits, Rik (August 8, 2022). The Art of Verbal Warfare. Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1-78914-593-9. OCLC 1327835506.
  35. ^ LaCapria, Kim (November 8, 2019). "Who Runs 'Journalist Excellence Worldwide'?". TruthOrFiction. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  36. ^ Kumleben, Mark (June 11, 2018). "Moderate Republicans: Computational Propaganda in the United States" (PDF). Institute for the Future.
  37. ^ Larson, Jordan; Read, Max (December 22, 2017). "'The Russia Story,' as It Happened on Social Media". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  38. ^ Benkler, et. al., "Network Propaganda," p.287.
  39. ^ a b Gelman, Andrew (November 22, 2016). "Stop Saying the Election Was Rigged. Trump's Win Was Always an Option". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  40. ^ "AP FACT CHECK: Wisconsin votes miscounted, not disqualified". Associated Press. December 19, 2016. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
  41. ^ Kittilstad, Jacob (December 6, 2016). Fake News Confusion (Television production). CBS 58 News. Retrieved July 19, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
  42. ^ a b c Greenwald, Glenn (March 7, 2017). "Leading Putin Critic Warns of Xenophobic Conspiracy Theories Drowning U.S. Discourse and Helping Trump". The Intercept. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  43. ^ LaCapria, Kim (January 19, 2017). "FACT CHECK: Did Donald Trump Steal a Receptionists Desk and Notepad to Stage Speechwriting Picture?". Snopes. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  44. ^ Qiu, Linda (April 11, 2017). "Syria Conspiracy Theories Flourish, at Both Ends of the Spectrum". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  45. ^ a b Milbank, Dana (April 10, 2017). "Don't fight Trump with conspiracy theories. What's there is damning enough". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  46. ^ Selk, Avi (April 8, 2017). "MSNBC host's conspiracy theory: What if Putin planned the Syrian chemical attack to help Trump?". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  47. ^ Clayton, Katherine; Blair, Spencer; Busam, Jonathan A.; Forstner, Samuel; Glance, John; Green, Guy; Kawata, Anna; Kovvuri, Akhila; Martin, Jonathan; Morgan, Evan; Sandhu, Morgan (December 1, 2020). "Real Solutions for Fake News? Measuring the Effectiveness of General Warnings and Fact-Check Tags in Reducing Belief in False Stories on Social Media". Political Behavior. 42 (4). Springer: 1081. doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09533-0. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 151227829.
  48. ^ Palma, Bethania (April 19, 2017). "FACT CHECK: Does Russia Have 'Kompromat' on Jason Chaffetz?". Snopes. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  49. ^ Hunt, Albert (April 7, 2017). "Liberals Shouldn't Tolerate the Loony Left". Bloomberg News. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  50. ^ a b Coppins, McKay (July 2, 2017). "How the Left Lost Its Mind". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
  51. ^ Greenwald, Glenn (February 12, 2018). "Harvard's Laurence Tribe Has Become a Deranged Russia Conspiracist: Today Was His Most Humiliating Debacle". The Intercept. Archived from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  52. ^ a b Hasen, Richard (March 15, 2018). "The 2016 Voting Wars: From Bad to Worse". William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal. 26 (3): 648. ISSN 1065-8254 – via HeinOnline.
  53. ^ Kolowich, Steve (May 15, 2017). "What Is Seth Abramson Trying to Tell Us?". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Archived from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  54. ^ Chotiner, Isaac (May 17, 2022). "The Supreme Court's History of Protecting the Powerful". The New Yorker. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  55. ^ a b c Palma, Bethania (October 31, 2017). "FACT CHECK: Did Jared Kushner Go to Saudi Arabia Because it Doesn't Have an Extradition Treaty With the US?". Snopes. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  56. ^ Bump, Phillip (May 24, 2017). "Another elected official cites 'the Internet' in defense of his bad arguments". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  57. ^ Swaine, Jon (May 16, 2017). "New fake news dilemma: sites publish real scoops amid mess of false reports". The Guardian. Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
  58. ^ Emery, David (October 21, 2017). "FACT CHECK: Was an Attack on United States Soldiers in Niger a Debacle 'Worse than Benghazi'?". Snopes. Retrieved July 3, 2021. ...the incident appeared on the left-leaning conspiracist web site Palmer Report...
  59. ^ Seay, Laura (October 20, 2017). "Liberals, Do Not Try to Turn Niger into Trump's Benghazi". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  60. ^ a b Barrett, Paul (March 2019). "Tackling Domestic Disinformation: What the Social Media Companies Need to Do" (PDF). NYU Stern Center for Business and Human Rights. p. 9. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  61. ^ Rosenberg, Eli (September 5, 2018). "That was no white-power hand signal at the Kavanaugh hearing, Zina Bash's husband says". Washington Post. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
  62. ^ Harsanyi, David (September 12, 2018). "Harsanyi: Kavanaugh hearings showcase the paranoia of the resistance". The Detroit News. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  63. ^ Kuypers, Jim A., ed. (2021). "What Is Rhetorical Criticism?". Rhetorical Criticism: Perspectives In Action (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-5381-3815-1. LCCN 2021009831. OCLC 1240826243.
  64. ^ Covucci, David (April 30, 2020). "Why Fire Chris Hayes is trending". The Daily Dot. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  65. ^ Higgins, Eoin (April 30, 2020). "#FireChrisHayes Trends as MSNBC Anchor Attacked for Covering Biden Accuser Story". Common Dreams. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  66. ^ Perkins, Olivera (December 30, 2020). "Fact Check: Former Secretary of State Colin Powell Did NOT Urge That Retired Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn Be Put On 'Military Trial For Sedition'". Lead Stories. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  67. ^ Benton, Joshua (October 5, 2018). "Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!)". Nieman Lab. Archived from the original on December 8, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  68. ^ Zornick, George (June 16, 2017). "Bernie Sanders Is a Russian Agent, and Other Things I Learned This Week". The Nation. ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
  69. ^ McAfee, David G. (2020). The Curious Person's Guide to Fighting Fake News. Durham: Pitchstone Publishing. ISBN 978-1-63431-207-3. OCLC 1192499268. Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  70. ^ Stanton, Zack (December 29, 2020). "The Worst Predictions of 2020". Politico. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  71. ^ Fung, Katherine (June 30, 2023). "Donald Trump sparks suspicion he's about to be indicted again". Newsweek. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  72. ^ Benkler, et. al., "Network Propaganda," p. 71
  73. ^ Major, David W. (May 29, 2020). "The Future of the Fourth Estate". Rutgers Magazine. Rutgers University. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  74. ^ Jones, Ellis (March 15, 2022). The Better World Shopping Guide: Every Dollar Makes a Difference (7th ed.). New Society Publishers. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-55092-739-9.
  75. ^ Heldebrandt, Beth (September 22, 2019). "How a Popular Media Bias Chart Determines What News can be Trusted". Gateway Journalism Review. 48 (355): 20–22. Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021 – via Gale OneFile. Bill Palmer, a self-described political journalist ...
  76. ^ Rossi, Rosemary (August 9, 2020). "LA Times Chewed Out for 'Blatantly Sexist' Headline Comparing Biden Veep Pick to 'The Bachelor'". TheWrap. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
  77. ^ Kennedy, John (June 24, 2020). "Rod Stewart Fans Livid About Strategist's Trump Analogy". iHeartRadio. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  78. ^ Puente, Maria (May 30, 2018). "Melania Trump is not missing, but Twitter thinks otherwise". USA Today. Retrieved July 19, 2021.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Palmer_Report&oldid=1163421781"