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==See also==
* [[Mammal classification]]
* [[Manidae]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:43, 29 July 2023

African ground pangolin
Temporal range: 9.78–0 Ma Late Miocene - present[1]
Pangolins from genus Smutsia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Suborder: Eupholidota
Superfamily: Manoidea
Family: Manidae
Subfamily: Smutsiinae
Gray, 1873[3]
Genus: Smutsia
Gray, 1865[2]
Type species
Smutsia gigantea
Illiger, 1815
Species
Synonyms
synonyms of subfamily:
  • Smutsiana (Gray, 1873)
  • Smutsiini (Gray, 1873)

African ground pangolin (Smutsia - "Smuts's animal") is a genus of pangolins from subfamily Smutsiinae within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of genus Manis.[4] Its members are the more terrestrial of the African pangolins.[5] In past, this genus was also present in Europe.[6]

Etymology

British naturalist John Edward Gray named Smutsia for South African naturalist Johannes Smuts (1808–1869),[7][8] the first South African to write a treatise on mammals in 1832 (in which he described the species Manis temminckii).

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic position of genus Smutsia within family Manidae[10][11][12][1]

 Pholidotamorpha 

Palaeanodonta

 Pholidota 

Euromanis

 ? 

Pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

Eurotamanduidae

 Eupholidota 

Eomanoidea

 Manoidea 

Patriomanidae

 ? 

Necromanis

 Manidae 

Maninae

 ? 

Manidae sp. (DPC 3972 & DPC 4364)

 Smutsiinae 

Phatagininae

 Smutsiinae 
 sensu stricto 
 african clade 
 sensu lato 
 sensu stricto 
 (Pholidota sensu lato) 

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Sean P. Heighton, Rémi Allio, Jérôme Murienne, Jordi Salmona, Hao Meng, Céline Scornavacca, Armanda D. S. Bastos, Flobert Njiokou, Darren W. Pietersen, Marie-Ka Tilak, Shu-Jin Luo, Frédéric Delsuc, Philippe Gaubert (2023.) "Pangolin genomes offer key insights and resources for the world’s most trafficked wild mammals"
  2. ^ Gray, J. E. (1865). "Revision of the genera and species of entomophagous edentata, founded on the examination of the specimens in the British Museum". Proceedings of the Zoological Society: 359–386.
  3. ^ Gray, J. E. (1873). "Hand-list of the edentate, thick-skinned and ruminant mammals in the British Museum". London, Printed by order of the Trustees: 1–176. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ Schlitter, D.A. (2005). "Order Pholidota". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  5. ^ du Toit, Z.; du Plessis, M.; Dalton, D. L.; Jansen, R.; Paul Grobler, J.; Kotzé, A. (2017). "Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 746. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5. PMC 5609056. PMID 28934931.
  6. ^ "Two-Million-Year-Old Pangolin Fossil Found in Romania | Sci.News". 12 January 2022.
  7. ^ "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science [Johannes Smuts]". Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  8. ^ Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 635. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001.
  9. ^ Terhune, C. E.; Gaudin, T.; Curran, S.; Petculescu, A. (2021). "The youngest pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from Europe". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (4): e1990075. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1990075. S2CID 245394367.
  10. ^ Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 16 (4). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media: 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698.
  11. ^ Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.
  12. ^ Philippe Gaubert, Agostinho Antunes, Hao Meng, Lin Miao, Stéphane Peigné, Fabienne Justy, Flobert Njiokou, Sylvain Dufour, Emmanuel Danquah, Jayanthi Alahakoon, Erik Verheyen, William T Stanley, Stephen J O’Brien, Warren E Johnson, Shu-Jin Luo (2018) "The Complete Phylogeny of Pangolins: Scaling Up Resources for the Molecular Tracing of the Most Trafficked Mammals on Earth" Journal of Heredity, Volume 109, Issue 4, Pages 347–359