Abaya: Difference between revisions

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 {{short description|Simple, loose over-garment wore by women, especially Muslim women}}
 {{other uses}}
-[[File:Islamic_Clothing_Abaya.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|A modern abaya.]]
+[[File:Islamic_Clothing_Abaya.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas A modern abaya.]]]
 {{Islamic female dress}}
-The '''abaya''' ([[varieties of Arabic|colloquially]] and more commonly, {{lang-ar|عباية}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabāyah}}'', especially in [[Modern Standard Arabic|Literary Arabic]]: {{lang|ar|عباءة}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabā'ah}}''; plural {{lang|ar|عبايات}} ''{{transl|ar|ʿabāyāt}}'', {{lang|ar|عباءات}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabā'āt}}''), sometimes also called an ''aba'', is a simple, loose over-[[garment]], essentially a [[robe]]-like dress, worn by some women in parts of the [[Muslim world]] including [[North Africa]], the [[Horn of Africa]], the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and most of the [[Middle East]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Yarwood|first=Doreen|author-link=Doreen Yarwood|title=The Encyclopedia of World Costume|year=1978|publisher=Bonanza Books|location=New York|isbn=0-517-61943-1|page=9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ktDfAAAAMAAJ&q=the+encyclopedia+of+world+costume}}</ref> Traditional abayas are usually black and may either be a large square of fabric draped from the shoulders or head or a long [[kaftan]]. The ''abaya'' covers the whole body except the head (sometimes), feet, and hands. It can be worn with the ''[[niqāb]]'', a face veil covering all but the eyes. Some women also wear [[evening glove|long black gloves]], so their hands are covered as well. It is common that the abaya is worn on special occasions, such as Mosque visits, Islamic Holiday celebrations for [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]] and also during the Islamic Holy month of Ramadan. The [[Women in Indonesia|Indonesian]] traditional dress [[kebaya]] gets its name from the ''abaya''.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas The '''abaya''' (colloquially and more commonly,] {{lang-ar|عباية}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabāyah}}'', especially in Literary Arabic: {{lang|ar|عباءة}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabā'ah}}''; plural {{lang|ar|عبايات}} ''{{transl|ar|ʿabāyāt}}'', {{lang|ar|عباءات}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ʿabā'āt}}''), sometimes also called an ''aba'', is a simple, loose over-garment, essentially a robe-like dress, worn by some women in parts of the Muslim world including North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and most of the Middle East.<ref>{{cite book|last=Yarwood|first=Doreen|author-link=Doreen Yarwood|title=The Encyclopedia of World Costume|year=1978|publisher=Bonanza Books|location=New York|isbn=0-517-61943-1|page=9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ktDfAAAAMAAJ&q=the+encyclopedia+of+world+costume}}</ref> [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Traditional abayas are usually black and may either be a large square of fabric draped from the shoulders or head or a long kaftan. The ''abaya'' covers the whole body except the head (sometimes), feet, and hands. It can be worn with the ''niqāb'', a face veil covering all but the eyes. Some women also wear long black gloves, so their hands are covered as well. It is common that the abaya is worn on special occasions, such as Mosque visits, Islamic Holiday celebrations for Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha and also during the Islamic Holy month of Ramadan. The Indonesian traditional dress kebaya gets its name from the ''abaya''.]
-==Rationale==
+==[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Rationale]==
-The rationale for the abaya is often attributed to the Quranic quote, "O Prophet, tell your wives and daughters, and the believing women, to cover themselves with a loose garment. They will thus be recognised and no harm will come to them" (Qur'an 33:59, translated by Ahmed Ali). This quotation is often given as the argument for wearing the abaya.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas The rationale for the abaya is often attributed to the Quranic quote, "O Prophet, tell your wives and daughters, and the believing women, to cover themselves with a loose garment. They will thus be recognised and no harm will come to them" (Qur'an 33:59, translated by Ahmed Ali). This quotation is often given as the argument for wearing the abaya.]
-==Countries==
+==[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Countries]==
-Outside some Arab states such as Saudi Arabia, Yemen, UAE, Morocco, Indonesia, Turkey, and Qatar, the abaya is not widely worn by Muslim women. Abaya also refers to different garments in different countries. In [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf]], they tend to be black in color.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Outside some Arab states such as Saudi Arabia, Yemen, UAE, Morocco, Indonesia, Turkey, and Qatar, the abaya is not widely worn by Muslim women. Abaya also refers to different garments in different countries. In Arab states of the Persian Gulf, they tend to be black in color.]
-===Saudi Arabia===
+===[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Saudi Arabia]===
-In [[Saudi Arabia]], women were required to cover in public.<ref>Sanders, Eli. [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/nation-world/infocus/mideast/islam/interpreting_veils.html Interpreting veils: Meanings have changed with politics, history.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203003056/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/nation-world/infocus/mideast/islam/interpreting_veils.html |date=December 3, 2009 }} ''The Seattle Times''. 27 May 2003. Web. 30 Oct. 2009.</ref> However, in March 2018, the [[Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia|Crown Prince]] [[Mohammad bin Salman]] claimed that [[Women's rights in Saudi Arabia|women could choose]] what to wear in public, provided it met certain standards, when he stated, "The decision is entirely left for women to decide what type of decent and respectful attire she chooses to wear".<ref>Kalin, S. [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-women-abaya-head-cover-crown-prince-mohammad-bin-salman-a8263446.html Saudi women should be able to choose whether to wear head cover or black abaya in public, says Crown Prince. Retrieved 19.03.2018]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-women/saudi-women-should-have-choice-whether-to-wear-abaya-robe-crown-prince-idUSKBN1GV190|title=Saudi women should have choice whether to wear abaya robe: crown...|agency=Reuters Editorial|location=U.S.|access-date=2018-03-22|language=en-US}}</ref>
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas In Saudi Arabia, women were required to cover in public.]<ref>Sanders, Eli. [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/nation-world/infocus/mideast/islam/interpreting_veils.html Interpreting veils: Meanings have changed with politics, history.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203003056/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/nation-world/infocus/mideast/islam/interpreting_veils.html |date=December 3, 2009 }} ''The Seattle Times''. 27 May 2003. Web. 30 Oct. 2009.</ref> [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas However, in March 2018, the Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman claimed that women could choose what to wear in public, provided it met certain standards, when he stated, "The decision is entirely left for women to decide what type of decent and respectful attire she chooses to wear".]<ref>Kalin, S. [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-women-abaya-head-cover-crown-prince-mohammad-bin-salman-a8263446.html Saudi women should be able to choose whether to wear head cover or black abaya in public, says Crown Prince. Retrieved 19.03.2018]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-women/saudi-women-should-have-choice-whether-to-wear-abaya-robe-crown-prince-idUSKBN1GV190|title=Saudi women should have choice whether to wear abaya robe: crown...|agency=Reuters Editorial|location=U.S.|access-date=2018-03-22|language=en-US}}</ref>
-=== Morocco ===
+=== [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Morocco] ===
-The Moroccan [https://qalanjosfashions.com/blogs/articles/the-history-of-the-abaya-and-the-different-styles-worn-around-the-world abaya], also known as "djellaba," is characterized by its hood and ornate embroidery. It is often made from heavier fabrics to suit the colder climate of the region.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas The Moroccan abaya, also known as "djellaba," is characterized by its hood and ornate embroidery. It is often made from heavier fabrics to suit the colder climate of the region.]
-=== Indonesia ===
+=== [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Indonesia] ===
-The abaya in Indonesia takes on a unique style called the "jilbab." It is paired with a headscarf and is often brightly colored or patterned, reflecting the vibrant Indonesian culture.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas The abaya in Indonesia takes on a unique style called the "jilbab." It is paired with a headscarf and is often brightly colored or patterned, reflecting the vibrant Indonesian culture.]
-=== Turkey ===
+=== [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Turkey] ===
-The Turkish abaya blends traditional and modern elements. It may include intricate lacework, elegant draping, and various cuts that cater to individual preferences.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas The Turkish abaya blends traditional and modern elements. It may include intricate lacework, elegant draping, and various cuts that cater to individual preferences.]
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Styles]
-Styles
-''Abayat'' are known by various names but serve the same purpose, which is to cover. Contemporary models are usually [[caftan]]s, cut from light, flowing fabrics like [[crepe (textile)|crepe]], [[Georgette (fabric)|georgette]], and [[Chiffon (fabric)|chiffon]]. Other known styles are front open and front closed abaya. Styles differ from region to region: some ''abayat'' have embroidery on black fabric while others are brightly coloured and have different forms of artwork across them.
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas ''Abayat'' are known by various names but serve the same purpose, which is to cover. Contemporary models are usually caftans, cut from light, flowing fabrics like crepe, georgette, and chiffon. Other known styles are front open and front closed abaya. Styles differ from region to region: some ''abayat'' have embroidery on black fabric while others are brightly coloured and have different forms of artwork across them.]
+=== [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Aba] ===
-=== Aba ===
-Aba was also a cloth. A coarse woolen fabric was woven from wool or camel's hair. It was dyed in vibrant shades and incorporated into Abaya.<ref>{{Cite book|last=İhsanoğlu|first=Ekmeleddin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zhRXAAAAYAAJ&q=Aba+wool+cloth|title=History of the Ottoman State, Society & Civilisation|date=2001|publisher=Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture|isbn=978-92-9063-051-7|pages=662|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWRJAQAAMAAJ&q=Aba+wool+cloth&pg=PA563|title=Letter from the Secretary of State, Transmitting a Statement of the Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Nations, for the Year Ending ...|date=1863|publisher=J.B. Steedman, printer|pages=563|language=en}}</ref>
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Aba was also a cloth. A coarse woolen fabric was woven from wool or camel's hair. It was dyed in vibrant shades and incorporated into Abaya.]<ref>{{Cite book|last=İhsanoğlu|first=Ekmeleddin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zhRXAAAAYAAJ&q=Aba+wool+cloth|title=History of the Ottoman State, Society & Civilisation|date=2001|publisher=Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture|isbn=978-92-9063-051-7|pages=662|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWRJAQAAMAAJ&q=Aba+wool+cloth&pg=PA563|title=Letter from the Secretary of State, Transmitting a Statement of the Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Nations, for the Year Ending ...|date=1863|publisher=J.B. Steedman, printer|pages=563|language=en}}</ref>
-== Abaya ban in French schools ==
+== [https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Abaya ban in French schools] ==
-France banned girls in state schools from wearing abayas. In August 2023, French education minister, [[Gabriel Attal]], said that the long, flowing dresses worn by some Muslim women, would be banned as they breached the "principle of secularism", particularly by those pupils "wearing religious attire like abayas and long shirts.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chrisafis |first=Angelique |date=2023-08-28 |title=France to ban girls from wearing abayas in state schools |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/28/france-to-ban-girls-from-wearing-abayas-in-state-schools |access-date=2023-09-06 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas France banned girls in state schools from wearing abayas. In August 2023, French education minister, Gabriel Attal, said that the long, flowing dresses worn by some Muslim women, would be banned as they breached the "principle of secularism", particularly by those pupils "wearing religious attire like abayas and long shirts.”]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chrisafis |first=Angelique |date=2023-08-28 |title=France to ban girls from wearing abayas in state schools |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/28/france-to-ban-girls-from-wearing-abayas-in-state-schools |access-date=2023-09-06 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
-On 4 September, the first day of the new academic year, French schools sent  67 girls to home for refusing to remove their abayas.<ref>{{Cite news |last=AFP |date=2023-09-05 |title=French schools send home dozens of girls wearing Muslim abayas |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/05/french-schools-send-home-dozens-of-girls-wearing-muslim-abayas |access-date=2023-09-06 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
+[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas On 4 September, the first day of the new academic year, French schools sent  67 girls to home for refusing to remove their abayas.]<ref>{{Cite news |last=AFP |date=2023-09-05 |title=French schools send home dozens of girls wearing Muslim abayas |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/05/french-schools-send-home-dozens-of-girls-wearing-muslim-abayas |access-date=2023-09-06 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
+==[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas See also]==
-==See also==
 {{Portal|Islam|Fashion}}
-*[[Islam and clothing]]
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Islam and clothing]
-*[[Types of hijab]]
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Types of hijab]
-==References==
+==[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas References]==
 {{Reflist}}
-==External links==
+==[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas External links]==
-*A Brief History of the [https://www.blog.amanis.co.uk/a-brief-history-of-the-abaya/ Abaya]
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas A Brief History of the Abaya]
-*Kaur-Jones, Priya. "[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-13372186 Reinventing the Saudi abaya]." ''[[BBC]]''. 12 May 2011.
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Kaur-Jones, Priya. "Reinventing the Saudi abaya." ''BBC''. 12 May 2011.]
-*History of Abaya. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131111225614/http://www.alhamaidi.com/the-history-of-the-abaya History of Abaya]."
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas History of Abaya. "History of Abaya."]
-*Islamic website of the Quran. "[https://quran.com/en/al-ahzab/59]."
+*[https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas Islamic website of the Quran. "][https://quran.com/en/al-ahzab/59][https://basicabaya.com/collections/black-abayas ."]
 {{Folk costume}}