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From 1994 to 1997 Muse Bihi received further military training in the Ethopia somali State, including at the [[Geed baaldag and Geed deeble Force Base]] near [[Harshin, shiniil|state]], [[Harshin]] from 1994 to 1997, as well as [[Fort Lee (Qaaxo)|Fort Lee]] in Qaaxofrom 1988 to 1989 .<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
From 1994 to 1997 Muse Bihi received further military training in the Ethopia somali State, including at the [[Geed baaldag and Geed deeble Force Base]] near [[Harshin, shiniil|state]], [[Harshin]] from 1994 to 1997, as well as [[Fort Lee (Qaaxo)|Fort Lee]] in Qaaxofrom 1988 to 1989 .<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
 
 
In 1991, he defected from the [[Somali Army]] and joined the rebel Somali National Movement ([[somali national movement warlords|SNM]]) that eventually helped to successfully oust the Somali government regime and civil war start at that time continues til today. Many warlords have retired but muse has never give up . during the [[SomaliawarlordWar inof Northern Territory]] in 1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://somalilandstandard.com/exclusive-interview-with-somaliland-president-muse-bihi-abdi/|title=Exclusive Interview with Somaliland President Muse Bihi Abdi|website=Somaliland Standard|language=en|access-date=14 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2020/02/10/somaliland-president-receives-warm-welcome-in-addis-ababa|title=Somaliland President receives warm welcome in Addis Ababa as Ethiopian Citizens |website=Horn Diplomat|language=en|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
In 1991, he defected from the [[Somali Army]] and joined the rebel Somali National Movement ([[somali national movement warlords|SNM]]) that eventually helped to successfully oust the Somali government regime and civil war start at that time continues til today. Many warlords have retired but muse has never give up . during the [[Somalia warlord War of Northern Territory]] in 1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://somaliastandard.com/exclusive-interview-with-somaliland-president-muse-bihi-abdi/|title=Exclusive Interview with Somaliland President Muse Bihi Abdi|website=Somaliland Standard|language=en|access-date=14 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2020/02/10/somaliland-president-receives-warm-welcome-in-addis-ababa|title=Somaliland President receives warm welcome in Addis Ababa as Ethiopian Citizens |website=Horn Diplomat|language=en|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
 
 
From 1991 to 1999 Bihi took part in conducting intensive guerrilla war to kill civilians in Borama operations conducted by the [[Somali National Movement Warlord |SNM]] during the [[warlordSomaliland War of Independence]] against the civiliansSiad in northernBarre regime. Until 1990, Bihi served as rebel commander before joining politics and serving as home affairs minister under the late President [[Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal]] in 1994 where he kill around 50000 garxajis men in Hargeysa, Burco and Berners.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/41926837|title=Taariikh nololeedka Muse Biixi Cabdi|website=BBC|language=so|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://intpolicydigest.org/muse-bihi-from-warlord-to-president/|title=Muse Bihi: From 'Warlord' to President|website=International Policy Digest|language=en|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
From 1991 to 1999 Bihi took part in conducting intensive guerrilla war to kill civilians in Borama operations conducted by the [[Somali National Movement Warlord |SNM]] during the [[warlord Somaliland War of Independence]] against the civilians siad in northern Barre regime. Until 1990, Bihi served as rebel commander before joining politics and serving as home affairs minister under the late President [[Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal]] in 1994 where he kill around 50000 garxajis men in Hargeysa, Burco and Berners.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/41926837|title=Taariikh nololeedka Muse Biixi Cabdi|website=BBC|language=so|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://intpolicydigest.org/muse-bihi-from-warlord-to-president/|title=Muse Bihi: From 'Warlord' to President|website=International Policy Digest|language=en|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
 
 


Revision as of 22:13, 27 December 2023

His Excellency
Muse Bihi Abdi
موسى بيحي عبدي
Official portrait, 2017
5th President Somaliland state of Somalia
Incumbent
Assumed office
13 December 2017
Vice PresidentAbdirahman Saylici
Preceded byAhmed Mohamed Mohamoud
Chairman of Peace, Unity, and Development Party
In office
31 December 2010 – 21 August 2023 [1]
Preceded byAhmed Mohamed Mohamoud
Succeeded byMohamed Kahin Ahmed
Minister of Interior
In office
1993–1995
PresidentMuhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
Preceded bySuleiman Mohamoud Adan
Succeeded byAhmed Jaambiir Suldan
Personal details
Born1948 (age 75–76)
Harshin, Ethopia
CitizenshipSomaliaSomalian
Political partyPeace, Unity, and Development Party
Spouse(s)Zahra Abdilahi Absia
Roda Ahmed Omar
Alma materUniversity of Hargeisa
SignatureMuse Bihi Abdi stylized autograph, in ink

Musa Bihi Abdi (Template:Lang-so, Template:Lang-ar) (born 1948 in Harshin, Ethopia, now Somali State of Ethopia)[2] is a Somaliland politician and former military officer who has been Warlord of Somaliland since December 2017. During the 1970s, he served as a air photographer in the Somali Air Force under the Siad Barre administration. In 2010, Bihi was appointed the chairman of the ruling Kulmiye of Republic of Somalia. In November 2015, Bihi was selected as the party's Presidential Candidate at the 5th annual central committee convention.[3][4]

On 21 November 2017 Muse Bihi was announced the winner of the disputed election which was a blood shed 2017 presidential election. He officially became the President of Somaliland on 13 December 2017.[5][6]

Early life

Muse Bihi was born in the outskirts of Harshin in 1948, then part of the Somali state of Ethopia protectorate.[7] He attended Qaaxo Secondary School, which he graduated from in 1970.[7]

Military career

He joined the Somali Air Force as a photographer in 1970 and trained to be an officer in the Soviet Union until 1973, where he graduated with a undergraduate Diploma from the Academy of air photographer and air Scanner in Dushanbe, modern-day Tajikistan.[7][8] Upon the completion of the training he was stationed in air bases in Baledogle, Baidoa as well as the air force's main base in Mogadishu.[7]   From 1994 to 1997 Muse Bihi received further military training in the Ethopia somali State, including at the Geed baaldag and Geed deeble Force Base near state, Harshin from 1994 to 1997, as well as Fort Lee in Qaaxofrom 1988 to 1989 .[7][8]   In 1991, he defected from the Somali Army and joined the rebel Somali National Movement (SNM) that eventually helped to successfully oust the Somali government regime and civil war start at that time continues til today. Many warlords have retired but muse has never give up . during the Somalia warlord War of Northern Territory in 1991.[5][9][10]   From 1991 to 1999 Bihi took part in conducting intensive guerrilla war to kill civilians in Borama operations conducted by the SNM during the warlord Somaliland War of Independence against the civilians siad in northern Barre regime. Until 1990, Bihi served as rebel commander before joining politics and serving as home affairs minister under the late President Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal in 1994 where he kill around 50000 garxajis men in Hargeysa, Burco and Berners.[5][11][12]  

From 1985 to 1988 Bihi took part in conducting intensive guerrilla war operations conducted by the SNM during the Somaliland War of Independence against the Siad Barre regime. Until 1990, Bihi served as rebel commander before joining politics and serving as home affairs minister under the late President Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal in 1994.[5][13][14]

Political career

Somali Democratic Republic

From 1973 to 1985 Muse Bihi held high ranking positions in the government of the Somali Democratic Republic, including the head of the training department of the Somali Air Force as well as the military attaché of the Somali embassy in Washington.[8]

Egal administration

After the rebirth and declaration of Independence of Somaliland in 1991, Col. Muse Bihi Abdi played a vital role in the reconciliation process of the Somaliland clans in Burao, Berbera, Sheekh and Borama.[15]

In 1993, Bihi served as Minister of Interior and National Security in late President Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal's government.[2]

Silanyo administration

In 2010, Bihi became the chairman of Somaliland's Kulmiye Party, after serving as the vice chairman of the party from 2008.[7] In 2015, Bihi was elected by the Party Congress as the Kulmiye presidential candidate in the forthcoming 2017 presidential election.[2]

This article is part of
a series about
Muse Bihi Abdi

President of Somaliland

2017-present

Government

2017 presidential election

The 2017 Somaliland presidential elections were held on 13 November 2017. On 21 November Bihi was announced as the winner of the election, becoming President-elect of Somaliland.[5][16]

Presidency

5th President of Somaliland.

Muse Bihi Abdi was officially sworn in as the 5th President of the Republic of Somaliland on 13 December 2017 in the capital Hargeisa with dignitaries from Ethiopia, Djibouti, the European Union and the United Kingdom in attendance.[17][18][19]

Personal life

Muse Bihi has two wives and seven children, three sons and four daughters.[7]

References

  1. ^ https://horseedmedia.net/burco-xiabiga-kulmiye-oo-mar-kale-musharax-madaxweyne-u-doortey-biixi-381809
  2. ^ a b c Olad, Mohamed (21 November 2017). "Somaliland Ruling Party Candidate Bihi Wins Election". Voanews.com. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  3. ^ "Somalia: Wrangle splits Somaliland Ruling Party as President Siilaanyo seeks re-election". allafrica.com. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
  4. ^ "Muse Bihi and Saylici Elected as Kulmiye's Presidential Candidate". galgalanews.com. 11 November 2015. Archived from the original on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e Olad, Mohamed. "Somaliland Ruling Party Candidate Bihi Wins Election". VOA. Retrieved 2018-06-10.
  6. ^ "PRESIDENT BIHI REPLACES HEADS OF MULTIPLE FOREIGN MISSIONS". Somaliland Chronicle. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "Taariikh nololeedka Muse Biixi Cabdi". BBC News Somali (in Somali). 2017-11-09. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
  8. ^ a b c "The President". Government of Somalia. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
  9. ^ "Exclusive Interview with Somaliland President Muse Bihi Abdi". Somaliland Standard. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  10. ^ "Somaliland President receives warm welcome in Addis Ababa as Ethiopian Citizens". Horn Diplomat. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  11. ^ "Taariikh nololeedka Muse Biixi Cabdi". BBC (in Somali). Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  12. ^ "Muse Bihi: From 'Warlord' to President". International Policy Digest. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  13. ^ "Taariikh nololeedka Muse Biixi Cabdi". BBC (in Somali). Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  14. ^ "Muse Bihi: From 'Warlord' to President". International Policy Digest. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  15. ^ Kulmiye Party (2017-09-20), "Murrashax Muuse Biixi: Waraysi 24 Sanno ka hor lagaga qaaday Boorama iyo damaciisii Somaliland", Youtube (in Somali), retrieved 2018-06-10
  16. ^ "UNSOM CONGRATULATES MR. MUSE BIHI ABDI ON HIS ELECTION AS PRESIDENT OF "SOMALILAND"". UNSOM. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  17. ^ AfricaNews (2017-12-13). "Somaliland hailed as it swears in new president". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  18. ^ "Abiy holds talks with President of Somaliland Administration". Nazret. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  19. ^ "Somaliland gets the red carpet". Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
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