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Coordinates: 34°3′N 118°15′W / 34.050°N 118.250°W / 34.050; -118.250
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[[File:Arcadia Peacock (cropped).jpg|thumb|Many introduced species, such as this [[Indian peafowl]], adapt readily to urban living and Los Angeles County's mild climate.]]
[[File:Arcadia Peacock (cropped).jpg|thumb|Many introduced species, such as this [[Indian peafowl]], adapt readily to urban living and Los Angeles County's mild climate.]]


According to the authors of ''Wild L.A.'', a book about urban biodiversity, "Los Angeles is the birdiest county in the country with over 500 recorded species." L.A.'s amenable climate supports a large number of introduced, tropical and migratory species.<ref name="wildla">{{Cite book |last1=Higgins |first1=Lila |last2=Pauly| first2=Gregory B. M|title=Wild L.A.: Explore the Amazing Nature in and Around Los Angeles |publisher=Timber Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-1604697100}}</ref> Because of the county's wide range of [[biome]]s it is possible to see [[desert bighorn sheep]] and [[green sea turtles]] in the same day, without crossing the county line.<ref name="wildla" /> The range of habitats in the county is "greater than in many states, with mountains, wetlands, desert, ocean, meadows and chaparral, each with its own endemic species."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horton |first=Sue |date=2005-05-24 |title=Stop, look, listen, count; Nothing matters to speed birders except tallying as many species as possible in 24 hours |pages=F1 |work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> There are at least 100 species of trees, and 1000 species of non-native plants, in the urban areas of the county.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wood |first1=Eric M. |last2=Esaian |first2=Sevan |date=2020 |title=The importance of street trees to urban avifauna |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27029104 |journal=Ecological Applications |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1002/eap.2149 |jstor=27029104 |bibcode=2020EcoAp..30E2149W |issn=1051-0761|doi-access=free }}</ref>
According to the authors of ''Wild L.A.'', a book about urban biodiversity, "Los Angeles is the birdiest county in the country with over 500 recorded species." L.A.'s amenable climate supports a large number of introduced, tropical and migratory species.<ref name="wildla">{{Cite book |last1=Higgins |first1=Lila |last2=Pauly| first2=Gregory B. M|title=Wild L.A.: Explore the Amazing Nature in and Around Los Angeles |publisher=Timber Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-1604697100}}</ref> Because of the county's wide range of [[biome]]s it is possible to see [[desert bighorn sheep]] and [[green sea turtles]] in the same day, without crossing the county line.<ref name="wildla" /> The range of habitats in the county is "greater than in many states, with mountains, wetlands, desert, ocean, meadows and chaparral, each with its own endemic species."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horton |first=Sue |date=2005-05-24 |title=Stop, look, listen, count; Nothing matters to speed birders except tallying as many species as possible in 24 hours |pages=F1 |work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> There are at least 100 species of trees, and 1000 species of non-native plants, in the urban areas of the county.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wood |first1=Eric M. |last2=Esaian |first2=Sevan |date=2020 |title=The importance of street trees to urban avifauna |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27029104 |journal=Ecological Applications |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1002/eap.2149 |jstor=27029104 |bibcode=2020EcoAp..30E2149W |issn=1051-0761|doi-access=free |pmc=7583466 }}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==

Revision as of 14:19, 5 January 2024

"LA County" redirects here. For the equivalent of counties in Louisiana, see List of parishes in Louisiana.

Los Angeles County
County
Downtown Los Angeles
Downtown Los Angeles
Venice
Venice
Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills
Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills
Satellite photo of Santa Catalina Island
Santa Catalina Island
Santa Monica Pier
Santa Monica Pier
Antelope Valley California Poppy Reserve
Antelope Valley California Poppy Reserve
Hollywood Sign
Hollywood Sign
Flag of Los Angeles County
Flag
Official seal of Los Angeles County
Seal
Official logo of Los Angeles County
Logo
Nickname: 
"L.A. County"
Map
Map
Map
Coordinates: 34°3′N 118°15′W / 34.050°N 118.250°W / 34.050; -118.250
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionSouthern California
Metro areaGreater Los Angeles
FormedFebruary 18, 1850[2]
County seatLos Angeles
Largest cityLos Angeles
Incorporated cities88
Government
 • TypeCouncil–CEO
 • BodyBoard of Supervisors
 • ChairLindsey Horvath (D)
 • Chair Pro TemKathryn Barger (R)
 • Board of Supervisors
Supervisors
 • Chief Executive OfficerFesia Davenport
Area
 • Total
4,751 sq mi (12,310 km2)
 • Land4,058 sq mi (10,510 km2)
 • Water693 sq mi (1,790 km2)
Highest elevation
[3]
10,068 ft (3,069 m)
Lowest elevation
[4]
0 ft (0 m)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total
9,861,224 Decrease[1]
 • Density2,430/sq mi (940/km2)
Gross Domestic Product
[5]
 • TotalUS$790.016 billion (2022)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
ZIP Codes
90xxx–918xx, 92397, 92821, 92823, 93243, 935xx[6]
Area codes213/323, 310/424, 442/760, 562, 626, 657/714, 661, 747/818, 840/909
FIPS code06-037
GNIS feature ID277283
Congressional districts23rd, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th
Websitelacounty.gov

Los Angeles County, officially the County of Los Angeles (Template:Lang-es), and sometimes abbreviated as L.A. County, is the most populous county in the United States, with 9,861,224 residents estimated in 2022. Its population is greater than that of 40 individual U.S. states. Comprising 88 incorporated cities and many unincorporated areas within a total area of 4,083 square miles (10,570 km2), it is home to more than a quarter of Californians and is one of the most ethnically diverse U.S. counties.[7] The county's seat, Los Angeles, is the second most populous city in the United States, with 3,822,238 residents estimated in 2022.

History

Main articles: History of Los Angeles County, California and Ranchos of Los Angeles County
See also: Tovaangar; History of Los Angeles; Timeline of Los Angeles; History of Pasadena, California; History of the San Fernando Valley; Timeline of Long Beach, California; History of Santa Monica, California; and History of Santa Catalina Island
Brochure for Los Angeles, c. 1930.

Los Angeles County is one of the original counties of California, created at the time of statehood in 1850.[8] The county originally included parts of what are now Kern, San Bernardino, Riverside, Inyo, Tulare, Ventura, and Orange counties. In 1851 and 1852, Los Angeles County stretched from the coast to the state line of Nevada.[9] As the population increased, sections were split off to organize San Bernardino County in 1853, Kern County in 1866, and Orange County in 1889.

Prior to the 1870s, Los Angeles County was divided into townships, many of which were amalgamations of one or more old ranchos.[10] They were:

Geography

Los Angeles and adjacent counties
The historical boundaries of Los Angeles County since its establishment in 1850 as defined by the California State Legislature. The solid blue line represents the original boundaries of the county, the dashed blue lines represent the changes made to the boundaries, and the red line represents the final major boundary changes of the county made by the Legislature in 1889. This map does not include minor changes to the boundary after 1922, such as the transfer of a small amount land east of Interstate 5 to Kern County, among others. Portions or the entirety of modern day Inyo, Kern, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Ventura counties were formerly in Los Angeles County.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,751 square miles (12,310 km2), of which 4,058 square miles (10,510 km2) (85%) is land and 693 square miles (1,790 km2) (15%) is water.[14] Los Angeles County borders 70 miles (110 km) of coast on the Pacific Ocean and encompasses mountain ranges, valleys, forests, islands, lakes, rivers, and desert. The Los Angeles River, Rio Hondo, Ballona Creek, the San Gabriel River and the Santa Clara River flow in Los Angeles County, while the primary mountain ranges are the Santa Monica Mountains and the San Gabriel Mountains. The western extent of the Mojave Desert begins in the Antelope Valley, in the northeastern part of the county.

Most of the population of Los Angeles County resides in the south and southwest, with major population centers in the Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley, and San Gabriel Valley. Other population centers are found in the Santa Clarita Valley, Pomona Valley, Crescenta Valley and Antelope Valley.

The county is divided west-to-east by the San Gabriel Mountains, which are part of the Transverse Ranges of southern California, and are contained mostly within the Angeles National Forest. Most of the county's highest peaks are in the San Gabriel Mountains, including Mount San Antonio 10,068 feet (3,069 m) at the Los Angeles–San Bernardino county lines, Mount Baden-Powell 9,399 feet (2,865 m), Mount Burnham 8,997 feet (2,742 m) and Mount Wilson 5,710 feet (1,740 m). Several lower mountains are in the northern, western, and southwestern parts of the county, including the San Emigdio Mountains, the southernmost part of Tehachapi Mountains and the Sierra Pelona Mountains.

Los Angeles County includes San Clemente Island and Santa Catalina Island, which are part of the Channel Islands archipelago off the Pacific Coast.

Lakes and reservoirs

Major divisions of the county

National protected areas

Climate

Many parts of the state are quite dry. There is rainfall and snowfall especially in the wintertime.[15]

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Los Angeles County
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
17900—
18005—
181010100.0%
182056460.0%
1830234317.9%
1840853264.5%
18503,530313.8%
186011,333221.0%
187015,30935.1%
188033,381118.0%
1890101,454203.9%
1900170,29867.9%
1910504,131196.0%
1920936,45585.8%
19302,208,492135.8%
19402,785,64326.1%
19504,151,68749.0%
19606,038,77145.5%
19707,041,98016.6%
19807,477,4216.2%
19908,863,16418.5%
20009,519,3387.4%
20109,818,6053.1%
202010,014,0092.0%
2022 (est.)9,861,224[1]−1.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[16]
1790–1960[17] 1900–1990[18]
1990–2000[19] 2010[20] 2020[21]

2020 Census

Los Angeles County, California - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[20] Pop 2020[21] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 2,728,321 2,563,609 27.79% 25.60%
Black or African American alone (NH) 815,086 760,689 8.30% 7.60%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 18,886 18,453 0.19% 0.18%
Asian alone (NH) 1,325,671 1,474,237 13.50% 14.72%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 22,464 20,522 0.23% 0.20%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 25,367 58,683 0.26% 0.59%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 194,921 313,053 1.99% 3.13%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 4,687,889 4,804,763 47.74% 47.98%
Total 9,818,605 10,014,009 100.00% 100.00%

In 2019, the median household income in the county was $72,797.[22]

2010 Census

Ethnic origins in Los Angeles County

Los Angeles County had a population of 9,818,605 in the 2010 United States Census.[23] This includes a natural increase since the last census of 583,364 people (i.e., 1,152,564 births minus 569,200 deaths) and a decrease due to net migration of 361,895 people. Immigration resulted in a net increase of 293,433 people, and migration from within the United States resulted in a net decrease of 655,328 people.[24]

The racial makeup of Los Angeles County was 4,936,599 (50%) White, 1,346,865 (13.7%) Asian, 856,874 (9%) African American, 72,828 (0.7%) Native American, 26,094 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 2,140,632 (21.8%) from other races, and 438,713 (4.5%) from two or more races.

Non-Hispanic whites numbered 2,728,321, or 28% of the population.[25] Hispanic or Latino residents of any race numbered 4,687,889 (48%); 36% of Los Angeles County's population was of Mexican ancestry, 3.7% Salvadoran, and 2.2% Guatemalan heritage.[26]

The county has a large population of Asian Americans, being home to the largest numbers of Burmese, Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Indonesian, Korean, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai outside their respective countries.[27] The largest Asian groups in Los Angeles County are 4.0% Chinese, 3.3% Filipino, 2.2% Korean, 1.0% Japanese, 0.9% Vietnamese, 0.8% Indian, and 0.3% Cambodian.

Racial and ethnic composition since 1960

Racial composition 2020[28] 2010[28][29] 2000[29] 1990[29] 1980[29] 1970[29] 1960[29]
Hispanic or Latino 48.0% 47.7% 44.5% 37.8% 27.6% 18.3% -
White (non-Hispanic) 25.6% 27.8% 31.1% 40.8% 52.8% - -
Asian (non-Hispanic) 14.7% 13.5% 11.9% 10.2% - - 1.8%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 7.6% 8.3% 9.7% 11.1% 12.6% 10.8% 7.6%
Native American (non-Hispanic) 0.2% 0.2% 0.8% 0.5% - - 0.1%
Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic) 0.2% 0.2% % - - - -
Mixed race (non-Hispanic) 3.0% 2.0% % - - - -

Race and ancestry

Population, race, and income (2011)
Total population[30] 9,787,747
  White[30] 5,126,367 52.4%
  Black or African American[30] 844,048 8.6%
  American Indian or Alaska Native[30] 49,329 0.5%
  Asian[30] 1,347,782 13.8%
  Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[30] 26,310 0.3%
  Some other race[30] 2,064,759 21.1%
  Two or more races[30] 329,152 3.4%
 Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[31] 4,644,328 47.5%
Per capita income[32] $27,954
Median household income[33] $56,266
Median family income[34] $62,595

The racial makeup of the county is 48.7% White,[35] 11.0% African American, 0.8% Native American, 10.0% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 23.5% from other races, and 4.9% from two or more races. 44.6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The largest European-American ancestry groups are German (6%), Irish (5%), English (4%) and Italian (3%). 45.9% of the population reported speaking only English at home; 37.9% spoke Spanish, 2.22% Tagalog, 2.0% Chinese, 1.9% Korean, 1.87% Armenian, 0.5% Arabic, and 0.2% Hindi.[36]

The county has the largest Native American population of any county in the nation: according to the 2000 census, it has more than 153,550 people of indigenous descent, and most are from Latin America.

As estimated by the Public Policy Institute of California in 2008, Los Angeles County is home to more than one-third of California's undocumented immigrants, who make up more than ten percent of the population.[37]

Los Angeles County is home to the largest Armenian population outside of Armenia.[38]

Los Angeles County contains the largest Iranian population outside of Iran of any other county or county equivalent globally.[39]

2000

Partial map of Los Angeles County showing population density in 2000 by census tract

At the 2000 census,[40] there were 9,519,338 people, 3,133,774 households, and 2,137,233 families in the county. The population density was 2,344 inhabitants per square mile (905/km2). There were 3,270,909 housing units at an average density of 806 per square mile (311/km2).

Of the 3,133,774 households 37% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48% were married couples living together, 15% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32% were non-families. 25% of households were one person and 7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.61.

The age distribution was 28% under the age of 18, 10% from 18 to 24, 33% from 25 to 44, 19% from 45 to 64, and 10% 65 or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.0 males.

Income

Percent of households with incomes above $150k across LA County census tracts.

The median personal earnings for all workers 16 and older in Los Angeles County are $30,654, slightly below the US median; earnings, however vary widely by neighborhood, race and ethnicity, and gender.[41] The median household income was $42,189 and the median family income was $46,452. Males had a median income of $36,299 versus $30,981 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,683. There are 14.4% of families living below the poverty line and 17.9% of the population, including 24.2% of under 18 and 10.5% of those over 64. Los Angeles County has the highest number of millionaires of any county in the nation, totaling 261,081 households as of 2007.[42]

The homeownership rate is 47.9%, and the median value for houses is $409,300. 42.2% of housing units are in multi-unit structures. Los Angeles County has the largest number of homeless people, with "48,000 people living on the streets, including 6,000 veterans," in 2010.[43] As of 2017 the number of homeless people in the county increased to nearly 58,000.[44]

Religion

In 2015, there were over two thousand Christian churches, the majority of which are Catholic.[45][46] Roman Catholic adherents number close to 40% of the population. There were 202 Jewish synagogues, 145 Buddhist temples, 38 Muslim mosques, 44 Baháʼí Faith worship centers, 37 Hindu temples, 28 Tenrikyo churches and fellowships, 16 Shinto worship centers, and 14 Sikh gurdwaras in the county.[47] The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles has approximately 5 million members and is the largest diocese in the United States. In 2014, the county had 3,275 religious organizations, the most out of all US counties.[48]

Law, government, and politics

Charter of the County of Los Angeles, with amendments through March 2002

Government

Main article: Government of Los Angeles County

The Government of Los Angeles County is defined and authorized under the California Constitution, California law and the Charter of the County of Los Angeles.[49] Much of the Government of California is in practice the responsibility of local governments such as the Government of Los Angeles County.

The county's voters elect a governing five-member Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. The small size of the board means each supervisor represents over 2 million people. The board operates in a legislative, executive, and quasi-judicial capacity. As a legislative authority, it can pass ordinances for the unincorporated areas (ordinances that affect the whole county, like posting of restaurant ratings, must be ratified by the individual city). As an executive body, it can tell the county departments what to do, and how to do it. As a quasi-judicial body, the Board is the final venue of appeal in the local planning process, and holds public hearings on various agenda items.

As of 2020, the Board of Supervisors oversees a $35.5 billion annual budget and over 112,000 employees.[50] The county government is managed on a day-to-day basis by a chief executive officer and is organized into many departments, each of which is enormous in comparison to equivalent county-level (and even many state-level) departments anywhere else in the United States. Some of the larger or better-known departments include:

The Grand Avenue entrance of the Stanley Mosk Courthouse.
  • Los Angeles County Department of Consumer and Business Affairs – offers consumers in the county a variety of services including: consumer and real estate counseling, mediation, and small claims counseling investigates consumer complaints, real estate fraud and identity theft issues. The department also provides small business certifications and helps entrepreneurs navigate the process of opening a business.
  • Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services – administers foster care
  • Los Angeles County Fire Department – provides firefighting services for the unincorporated parts of Los Angeles County, as well as 58 cities and lifeguarding services. As of November 2023, 50% of all fires in Los Angeles County are associated with the homeless or their encampments.[51]
  • Los Angeles County Department of Health Services – operates several county hospitals and a network of primary care clinics.
  • Los Angeles County Department of Public Health – administers public health programs including STD programs, smoking cessation, and restaurant inspection. The cities of Long Beach and Pasadena have their own autonomous Public Health departments assuming county functions, and county public health orders are not applicable in those cities.
  • Los Angeles County Department of Public Social Services – administers many federal and state welfare programs
  • Los Angeles County Department of Public Works – operates countywide flood control system, constructs and maintains roads in unincorporated areas.
  • Los Angeles County District Attorney – prosecutes criminal suspects.
  • Los Angeles County Office of the Public Defender – defends indigent people accused of criminal offenses.
  • Los Angeles County Probation Department
  • Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department – provides law enforcement services for the unincorporated parts of Los Angeles County, as well as 42 cities.

The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, despite its name, is not a County department. Technically it is a state-mandated county transportation commission that also operates bus and rail.

Politics

United States presidential election results for Los Angeles County, California[52][53]
Year Republican / Whig Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 1,145,530 26.86% 3,028,885 71.03% 89,950 2.11%
2016 769,743 22.41% 2,464,364 71.76% 200,201 5.83%
2012 885,333 27.83% 2,216,903 69.69% 78,831 2.48%
2008 956,425 28.82% 2,295,853 69.19% 65,970 1.99%
2004 1,076,225 35.60% 1,907,736 63.10% 39,319 1.30%
2000 871,930 32.35% 1,710,505 63.47% 112,719 4.18%
1996 746,544 30.96% 1,430,629 59.34% 233,841 9.70%
1992 799,607 29.04% 1,446,529 52.54% 507,267 18.42%
1988 1,239,716 46.88% 1,372,352 51.89% 32,603 1.23%
1984 1,424,113 54.50% 1,158,912 44.35% 29,889 1.14%
1980 1,224,533 50.18% 979,830 40.15% 235,822 9.66%
1976 1,174,926 47.78% 1,221,893 49.69% 62,258 2.53%
1972 1,549,717 54.75% 1,189,977 42.04% 90,676 3.20%
1968 1,266,480 47.65% 1,223,251 46.02% 168,251 6.33%
1964 1,161,067 42.52% 1,568,300 57.43% 1,551 0.06%
1960 1,302,661 49.45% 1,323,818 50.25% 8,020 0.30%
1956 1,260,206 55.38% 1,007,887 44.29% 7,331 0.32%
1952 1,278,407 56.21% 971,408 42.71% 24,725 1.09%
1948 804,232 46.51% 812,690 47.00% 112,160 6.49%
1944 666,441 42.68% 886,252 56.75% 8,871 0.57%
1940 574,266 40.58% 822,718 58.13% 18,285 1.29%
1936 357,401 31.62% 757,351 67.00% 15,663 1.39%
1932 373,738 38.55% 554,476 57.19% 41,380 4.27%
1928 513,526 70.22% 209,945 28.71% 7,830 1.07%
1924 299,675 65.51% 33,554 7.33% 124,228 27.16%
1920 178,117 69.10% 55,661 21.59% 23,992 9.31%
1916 135,554 50.59% 114,070 42.58% 18,297 6.83%
1912 2,181 1.32% 55,110 33.34% 108,005 65.34%
1908 41,483 56.77% 22,076 30.21% 9,518 13.02%
1904 32,507 66.50% 10,030 20.52% 6,346 12.98%
1900 19,200 55.10% 13,158 37.76% 2,490 7.15%
1896 16,891 49.62% 16,043 47.13% 1,108 3.25%
1892 10,226 44.89% 8,119 35.64% 4,434 19.47%
1888 13,805 54.64% 10,110 40.02% 1,349 5.34%
1884 5,595 51.67% 4,683 43.24% 551 5.09%
1880 2,914 47.90% 2,853 46.90% 316 5.19%
1876 3,042 45.69% 3,616 54.31% 0 0.00%
1872 1,312 51.11% 1,228 47.84% 27 1.05%
1868 748 37.70% 1,236 62.30% 0 0.00%
1864 555 42.73% 744 57.27% 0 0.00%
1860 356 20.27% 703 40.03% 697 39.69%
1856 521 37.84% 721 52.36% 135 9.80%
1852 497 46.41% 574 53.59% 0 0.00%
Main article: Politics of Los Angeles County

Overview

Voter registration

Population and registered voters
Total population (2020) 10,014,009
  Registered voters[54][note 1] 5,635,972 56.3%
    Democratic[54] 2,993,744 53.1%
    Republican[54] 965,584 17.1%
    Democratic–Republican spread[54] +2,028,160 +36.0%
    American Independent[54] 151,114 2.7%
    Green[54] 22,255 0.4%
    Libertarian[54] 42,905 0.8%
    Peace and Freedom[54] 34,631 0.6%
    Unknown[54] 44,779 0.8%
    Other[54] 38,880 0.7%
    No party preference[54] 1,342,080 23.8%

In the United States House of Representatives, Los Angeles County is split between 18 congressional districts:[55] In the California State Senate, Los Angeles County is split between 15 legislative districts:[56] In the California State Assembly, Los Angeles County is split between 24 legislative districts:[57]

On November 4, 2008, Los Angeles County was almost evenly split over Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. The county voted for the amendment 50.04% with a margin of 2,385 votes.[58]

Further information: Los Angeles County Superior Court

The Los Angeles County Superior Court is the county's court of general jurisdiction, while the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California may hear cases where federal jurisdiction is present. Both are headquartered in a large cluster of government buildings in the city's Civic Center.

Historically, the courthouses were county-owned buildings that were maintained at county expense, which created significant friction since the trial court judges, as officials of the state government, had to lobby the county Board of Supervisors for facility renovations and upgrades. In turn, the state judiciary successfully persuaded the state Legislature to authorize the transfer of all courthouses to the state government in 2008 and 2009 (so that judges would have direct control over their own courthouses). Courthouse security is still provided by the county government under a contract with the state.

Unlike the largest city in the United States, New York City, all of the city of Los Angeles and most of its important suburbs are located within a single county. As a result, both the county superior court and the federal district court are respectively the busiest courts of their type in the nation.[59][60]

Many celebrities have been seen in Los Angeles courts. In 2003, the television show Extra (based in nearby Glendale) found itself running so many reports on the legal problems of local celebrities that it spun them off into a separate show, Celebrity Justice.

State cases are appealed to the Court of Appeal for the Second Appellate District, which is also headquartered in the Civic Center, and then to the California Supreme Court, which is headquartered in San Francisco but also hears argument in Los Angeles (again, in the Civic Center). Federal cases are appealed to the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which hears them at its branch building in Pasadena. The court of last resort for federal cases is the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C.

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates (2012)
City Population[62] Violent crimes[62] Violent crime rate
per 1,000 persons 		Property crimes[62] Property crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Agoura Hills 20,667 12 0.58 236 11.42
Alhambra 84,469 149 1.76 1,919 22.72
Arcadia 57,295 57 0.99 1,388 24.23
Artesia 16,793 60 3.57 262 15.60
Avalon 3,795 13 3.43 64 16.86
Azusa 47,111 220 4.67 1,204 25.56
Baldwin Park 76,644 261 3.41 1,585 20.68
Bell 36,062 225 6.24 662 18.36
Bellflower 77,886 304 3.90 1,802 23.14
Bell Gardens 42,769 125 2.92 728 17.02
Beverly Hills 34,677 89 2.57 1,081 31.17
Bradbury 1,067 0 0.00 10 9.37
Burbank 105,057 243 2.31 2,493 23.73
Calabasas 23,442 13 0.55 238 10.15
Carson 93,233 520 5.58 2,709 29.06
Cerritos 49,856 120 2.41 1,870 37.51
Claremont 35,469 40 1.13 901 25.40
Commerce 13,035 112 8.59 1,010 77.48
Compton 98,057 1,218 12.42 2,399 24.47
Covina 48,588 151 3.11 1,651 33.98
Cudahy 24,201 151 6.24 347 14.34
Culver City 39,528 179 4.53 1,760 44.53
Diamond Bar 56,470 55 0.97 952 16.86
Downey 113,628 381 3.35 3,537 31.13
Duarte 21,673 71 3.28 507 23.39
El Monte 115,356 395 3.42 2,230 19.33
El Segundo 16,931 38 2.24 595 35.14
Gardena 59,802 287 4.80 1,321 22.09
Glendale 194,902 233 1.20 3,043 15.61
Glendora 50,903 59 1.16 1,293 25.40
Hawaiian Gardens 14,493 69 4.76 193 13.32
Hawthorne 85,692 637 7.43 2,181 25.45
Hermosa Beach 19,830 54 2.72 678 34.19
Hidden Hills 1,887 0 0.00 4 2.12
Huntington Park 59,079 373 6.31 1,917 32.45
Industry 222 68 306.31 1,110 5,000.00
Inglewood 111,488 780 7.00 2,673 23.98
Irwindale 1,447 15 10.37 243 167.93
La Canada Flintridge 20,584 12 0.58 324 15.74
La Habra Heights 5,413 6 1.11 44 8.13
Lakewood 81,382 227 2.79 2,062 25.34
La Mirada 49,312 98 1.99 776 15.74
Lancaster 159,155 859 5.40 3,498 21.98
La Puente 40,479 121 2.99 521 12.87
La Verne 31,575 50 1.58 823 26.06
Lawndale 33,312 167 5.01 397 11.92
Lomita 20,591 95 4.61 391 18.99
Long Beach 469,893 2,705 5.76 14,131 30.07
Los Angeles 3,855,122 18,547 4.81 87,478 22.69
Lynwood 70,908 541 7.63 1,373 19.36
Malibu 12,854 15 1.17 329 25.60
Manhattan Beach 35,719 62 1.74 855 23.94
Maywood 27,850 175 6.28 286 10.27
Monrovia 37,199 81 2.18 948 25.48
Montebello 63,538 146 2.30 1,775 27.94
Monterey Park 61,270 75 1.22 1,022 16.68
Norwalk 107,295 433 4.04 2,609 24.32
Palmdale 155,294 812 5.23 3,393 21.85
Palos Verdes Estates 13,661 6 0.44 136 9.96
Paramount 54,997 244 4.44 1,536 27.93
Pasadena 139,382 433 3.11 3,379 24.24
Pico Rivera 63,988 261 4.08 1,780 27.82
Pomona 151,511 1,021 6.74 5,055 33.36
Rancho Palos Verdes 42,335 35 0.83 498 11.76
Redondo Beach 67,856 190 2.80 1,596 23.52
Rolling Hills 1,891 0 0.00 27 14.28
Rolling Hills Estates 8,202 9 1.10 129 15.73
Rosemead 54,656 143 2.62 913 16.70
San Dimas 33,923 51 1.50 668 19.69
San Fernando 24,039 77 3.20 380 15.81
San Gabriel 40,376 88 2.18 550 13.62
San Marino 13,364 13 0.97 183 13.69
Santa Clarita 179,248 342 1.91 2,742 15.30
Santa Fe Springs 16,492 99 6.00 1,272 77.13
Santa Monica 91,215 395 4.33 3,398 37.25
Sierra Madre 11,098 4 0.36 112 10.09
Signal Hill 11,198 43 3.84 536 47.87
South El Monte 20,452 88 4.30 399 19.51
South Gate 95,966 553 5.76 2,545 26.52
South Pasadena 26,045 27 1.04 443 17.01
Temple City 36,148 38 1.05 354 9.79
Torrance 147,851 190 1.29 2,690 18.19
Vernon 114 27 236.84 311 2,728.07
Walnut 29,658 37 1.25 382 12.88
West Covina 107,861 281 2.61 3,224 29.89
West Hollywood 34,971 338 9.67 1,642 46.95
Westlake Village 8,406 3 0.36 154 18.32
Whittier 86,740 247 2.85 2,502 28.84

Other statistics

Crime in 2013

  • Homicides: 386[63]
  • Thefts: 54,971 [64]
  • Burglaries: 17,606
  • Car Thefts: 15,866[64]
  • Robberies: 10,202
  • Violent Crimes: 20,318[64]
  • Rapes: 843
  • Assaults: 8,976[64]
  • Murders: 297

Ecology

Many introduced species, such as this Indian peafowl, adapt readily to urban living and Los Angeles County's mild climate.

According to the authors of Wild L.A., a book about urban biodiversity, "Los Angeles is the birdiest county in the country with over 500 recorded species." L.A.'s amenable climate supports a large number of introduced, tropical and migratory species.[65] Because of the county's wide range of biomes it is possible to see desert bighorn sheep and green sea turtles in the same day, without crossing the county line.[65] The range of habitats in the county is "greater than in many states, with mountains, wetlands, desert, ocean, meadows and chaparral, each with its own endemic species."[66] There are at least 100 species of trees, and 1000 species of non-native plants, in the urban areas of the county.[67]

Economy

See also: Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce
Employment by industry in Los Angeles County (2015)

Los Angeles County is commonly associated with the entertainment and digital media industry; all five major film studios—Paramount Pictures, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros., Universal Pictures, and Walt Disney Studios—are located within the county. Numerous other major industries also define the economy of Los Angeles County, including international trade supported by the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach, music recording and production, aerospace and defense, fashion, and professional services such as law, medicine, engineering and design services, financial services.[68] High-tech sector employment within Los Angeles County is 368,500 workers,[69] and manufacturing employment within Los Angeles County is 365,000 workers.[70][71]

The following major companies have headquarters in Los Angeles County:

Education

The Los Angeles County Office of Education provides a supporting role for school districts in the area. The county office also operates two magnet schools, the International Polytechnic High School and Los Angeles County High School for the Arts. There are a number of private schools in the county, most notably those operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese. The county's public education sector is run by numerous school districts with the Los Angeles Unified School District being the largest one running public schools primarily within the city of Los Angeles and its immediately neighboring cities.

Colleges

Universities

K–12 schools

Main article: List of school districts in Los Angeles County, California
See also: List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles

Sites of interest

L.A. County Fair at dusk, 2008
Photo of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art during its 2005 Ancient Egypt exhibit.

The county's most visited park is Griffith Park, owned by the city of Los Angeles. The county is also known for the annual Rose Parade in Pasadena, the annual Los Angeles County Fair in Pomona, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Los Angeles Zoo, the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, the La Brea Tar Pits, the Arboretum of Los Angeles, and two horse racetracks and two car racetracks (Pomona Raceway and Irwindale Speedway), also the RMS Queen Mary located in Long Beach, and the Long Beach Grand Prix, and miles of beaches—from Zuma to Cabrillo.

Venice Beach is a popular attraction whose Muscle Beach used to attract throngs of tourists admiring "hardbodies". Today, it is more arts-centered. Santa Monica's pier is a well known tourist spot, famous for its Ferris wheel and bumper car rides, which were featured in the introductory segment of the television sitcom Three's Company. Further north in Pacific Palisades one finds the beaches used in the television series Baywatch.[74] The fabled Malibu, home of many film and television stars, lies west of it.

In the mountain, canyon, and desert areas one may find Vasquez Rocks Natural Area Park, where many old Westerns were filmed. Mount Wilson Observatory in the San Gabriel Mountains is open for the public to view astronomical stars from its telescope, now computer-assisted. Many county residents find relaxation in water skiing and swimming at Castaic Lake Recreation Area – the county's largest park by area – as well as enjoying natural surroundings and starry nights at Saddleback Butte State Park in the eastern Antelope Valley – California State Parks' largest in area within the county. The California Poppy Reserve is located in the western Antelope Valley and shows off the State's flower in great quantity on its rolling hills every spring.

Museums

Entertainment

Music venues

Walt Disney Concert Hall

Amusement parks

Other attractions

Other areas

Angeles National Forest

Transportation

Main article: Transportation in Los Angeles

Major highways

Air

Los Angeles International Airport

Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), located in the Westchester district, is the primary commercial airport for commercial airlines in the county and the Greater Los Angeles Area. LAX is operated by Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), an agency of the City of Los Angeles.

Other important commercial airports in Los Angeles County include:

The following general aviation airports also are located in Los Angeles County:

The U.S. Air Force operates three airports in Los Angeles County:

Rail

Los Angeles is a major freight-railroad transportation center, largely due to the large volumes of freight moving in and out of the county's sea port facilities. The ports are connected to the downtown rail yards and to the main lines of Union Pacific and Burlington Northern Santa Fe headed east via a grade-separated, freight rail corridor known as the Alameda Corridor.

Passenger rail service is provided in the county by Amtrak, Los Angeles Metro Rail and Metrolink.

Amtrak has the following intercity Amtrak service at Union Station in the city of Los Angeles:

Union Station is also the primary hub for Metrolink commuter rail, which serves much of the Greater Los Angeles Area.

Light rail, subway (heavy rail), and long-distance bus service are all provided by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro). Other smaller regional transit agencies that provide public transit to specific regions of Los Angeles County include LADOT, Long Beach Transit, Montebello Bus Lines, Norwalk Transit, Santa Monica's Big Blue Bus serving the western LA region , Santa Clarita Transit, Torrance Transit, Glendale Beeline, Foothill Transit serving the San Gabriel Valley region, and the Antelope Valley Transit Authority serving the Lancaster and Palmdale area in the Antelope Valley region.

Sea

The county's two main seaports are the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach. Together they handle over a quarter of all container traffic entering the United States, making the complex the largest and most important port in the country, and the third-largest port in the world by shipping volume.

The Port of Los Angeles is the largest cruise ship center on the West Coast, handling more than 1 million passengers annually.

The Port of Long Beach is home to the Sea Launch program, which uses a floating launch platform to insert payloads into orbits that would be difficult to attain from existing land-based launch sites.

Catalina Express ferries link the Catalina Island city of Avalon to the mainland at San Pedro and Long Beach, as well as Dana Point in Orange County.

Water

Water is provided by at least 200 independent water districts or agencies.[76] Statewide droughts in California have placed a strain on the county's water security.[77] Statewide droughts in California have further strained Los Angeles County's water security.[78]

Communities

Cities

Main article: List of cities in Los Angeles County, California

There are 88 incorporated cities in Los Angeles County. According to the 2018 Estimate, the most populous are:[79]

Largest cities, 2018 Estimate
City Population
Los Angeles
3,990,456
Long Beach
467,354
Santa Clarita
210,089
Glendale
201,361
Lancaster
159,053
Palmdale
156,667
Pomona
152,361
Torrance
145,182
Pasadena
141,371
El Monte
115,586
Downey
112,269
West Covina
106,311
Norwalk
105,120
Burbank
103,695

Unincorporated areas

Census designated places

Unincorporated Communities

Proposed Communities

See: Los Angeles Almanac MAP: Unincorporated Areas and Communities of Los Angeles County
See also: List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Los Angeles County.[81]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2020 Census)
1 † Los Angeles City 3,898,747
2 Long Beach City 466,742
3 Santa Clarita City 228,673
4 Glendale City 196,543
5 Lancaster City 173,516
6 Palmdale City 169,450
7 Pomona City 151,713
8 Torrance City 147,067
9 Pasadena City 138,699
10 East Los Angeles CDP 118,786
11 Downey City 114,355
12 West Covina City 109,501
13 El Monte City 109,450
14 Inglewood City 107,762
15 Burbank City 107,337
16 Norwalk City 102,773
17 Compton City 95,740
18 Carson City 95,558
19 Santa Monica City 93,076
20 South Gate City 92,726
21 Hawthorne City 88,083
22 Whittier City 87,306
23 Alhambra City 82,868
24 Lakewood City 82,496
25 Bellflower City 79,190
26 Baldwin Park City 72,176
27 Redondo Beach City 71,576
28 Lynwood City 67,265
29 Montebello City 62,640
30 Pico Rivera City 62,088
31 Florence-Graham CDP 61,983
32 Monterey Park City 61,096
33 Gardena City 61,027
34 Arcadia City 56,681
35 South Whittier CDP 56,415
36 Diamond Bar City 55,072
37 Huntington Park City 54,883
38 Hacienda Heights CDP 54,191
39 Paramount City 53,733
40 Glendora City 52,558
41 Covina City 51,268
42 Rosemead City 51,185
43 Azusa City 50,000
44 Cerritos City 49,578
45 Rowland Heights CDP 48,231
46 La Mirada City 48,008
47 Altadena CDP 42,846
48 Rancho Palos Verdes City 42,287
49 Culver City City 40,779
50 San Gabriel City 39,568
51 Bell Gardens City 39,501
52 La Puente City 38,062
53 Monrovia City 37,931
54 Claremont City 37,266
55 Temple City City 36,494
56 West Hollywood City 35,757
57 Manhattan Beach City 35,506
58 San Dimas City 34,924
59 Westmont CDP 33,913
60 Bell City 33,559
61 Beverly Hills City 32,701
62 Lawndale City 31,807
63 La Verne City 31,334
64 Walnut City 28,430
65 South Pasadena City 26,943
66 West Whittier-Los Nietos CDP 25,325
67 Maywood City 25,138
68 West Rancho Dominguez CDP 24,347
69 Willowbrook CDP 24,295
70 San Fernando City 23,946
71 Calabasas City 23,241
72 West Puente Valley CDP 22,959
73 West Carson CDP 22,870
74 Cudahy City 22,811
75 East San Gabriel CDP 22,769
76 Valinda CDP 22,437
77 Duarte City 21,727
78 Lomita City 20,921
79 La Cañada Flintridge City 20,573
80 Lennox CDP 20,323
81 Agoura Hills City 20,299
82 Stevenson Ranch CDP 20,178
83 La Crescenta-Montrose CDP 19,997
84 South San Jose Hills CDP 19,855
85 Hermosa Beach City 19,728
86 South El Monte City 19,567
87 Santa Fe Springs City 19,219
88 Castaic CDP 18,937
89 El Segundo City 17,272
90 Artesia City 16,395
91 Vincent CDP 15,714
92 Walnut Park CDP 15,214
93 East Rancho Dominguez CDP 15,114
94 Hawaiian Gardens City 14,149
95 Palos Verdes Estates City 13,347
96 Avocado Heights CDP 13,317
97 Lake Los Angeles CDP 13,187
98 San Marino City 12,513
99 Commerce City 12,378
100 Sun Village CDP 12,345
101 Signal Hill City 11,848
102 Quartz Hill CDP 11,447
103 View Park-Windsor Hills CDP 11,419
104 Marina del Rey CDP 11,373
105 Sierra Madre City 11,268
106 Malibu City 10,654
107 East Whittier CDP 10,394
108 Del Aire CDP 10,338
109 Citrus CDP 10,243
110 Charter Oak CDP 9,739
111 West Athens CDP 9,393
112 Alondra Park CDP 8,569
113 Topanga CDP 8,560
114 Rolling Hills Estates City 8,280
115 Westlake Village City 8,029
116 South San Gabriel CDP 7,920
117 Acton CDP 7,431
118 Ladera Heights CDP 6,654
119 South Monrovia Island CDP 6,515
120 East Pasadena CDP 6,021
121 La Habra Heights City 5,682
122 Mayflower Village CDP 5,402
123 North El Monte CDP 3,730
124 Avalon City 3,460
125 Agua Dulce CDP 3,451
126 Rose Hills CDP 2,927
127 Desert View Highlands CDP 2,676
128 Val Verde CDP 2,399
129 San Pasqual CDP 2,101
130 Rolling Hills City 1,739
131 Hidden Hills City 1,725
132 Elizabeth Lake CDP 1,651
133 Leona Valley CDP 1,555
134 Littlerock CDP 1,535
135 Irwindale City 1,472
136 Hasley Canyon CDP 1,195
137 Green Valley CDP 1,036
138 Bradbury City 921
139 Lake Hughes CDP 544
140 Industry City 264
141 Vernon City 222

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  2. ^ Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

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