Smoker's face: Difference between revisions
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== Causes == |
== Causes == |
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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) are enzymes that promote breakdown of the extracellular matrix. This matrix contains important nutrients and proteins like collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. |
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) are enzymes that promote breakdown of the extracellular matrix. This matrix contains important nutrients and proteins like collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. All of which are involved in skin health and structure. The MMP levels in a smoker are elevated, causing over breakdown of the matrix. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 18:46, 16 March 2024
Smoker's face describes the characteristic changes that happen to the faces of many people who smoke tobacco products.[1][2] Smoking causes damage to the skin by depleting the skin of oxygen and nutrients.[3] The general appearance is of accelerated ageing of the face, with a characteristic pattern of facial wrinkling and sallow coloration.
A summary of a study published by the National Institutes of Health found that certain facial features appeared in about 46% of continuing smokers and 8% of former smokers who had smoked a full decade while those same features were absent in a control group of non-smokers.[4]
Causes
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) are enzymes that promote breakdown of the extracellular matrix. This matrix contains important nutrients and proteins like collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. All of which are involved in skin health and structure. The MMP levels in a smoker are elevated, causing over breakdown of the matrix.
References
- ^ Smoker's Face: Beauty is only skin deep Archived 2012-05-03 at the Wayback Machine, UK Department of Health
- ^ Jane E. Brody (June 19, 1996). "Personal Health: Smoker's Face". The New York Times.
- ^ ASH. "How Smoking Affects the Way You Look". ASH. Retrieved 2024-02-18.
- ^ Model D (1985). "Smoker's face: an underrated clinical sign?". Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 291 (6511): 1760–1762. doi:10.1136/bmj.291.6511.1760. PMC 1419177. PMID 3936573.
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