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==History==
==History==
[[File:Gran Sol de Alicante.JPG|thumb|[[Gran Sol|''Hotel Alicante Gran Sol'']] in [[Alicante]]]]
[[File:Gran Sol de Alicante.JPG|thumb|[[Gran Sol|''Hotel Alicante Gran Sol'']] in [[Alicante]]]]
[[File:INNSIDE_Hotel_Dresden_(2).jpg|thumb|''INNSIDE'' in [[Dresden]]]]
[[Hotel Meliá - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|''Meliá'' in [[Bilbao]]]]
[[File:20210704 INNSIDE by Melia Zhengzhou.jpg|thumb|''Innside by Meliá'' in [[Zhengzhou]]]]
===Foundation and early years===
===Foundation and early years===
The origins of the company reach back to 1956, when the then-21-year-old Gabriel Escarrer Juliá leased the Altair Hotel in [[Palma (Majorca)|Palma]], [[Majorca]].<ref name="Gale">{{cite encyclopedia |last= Cohen |first= M.L. |title= Sol Meliá S.A. |encyclopedia= International Directory of Company Histories |publisher= [[Gale Group|The Gale Group]] |year= 2006 |url= http://www.answers.com/topic/sol-meli-s-a |accessdate= 2008-12-07}}</ref> Over the subsequent years Escarrer took advantage of the island's increasing popularity as a [[tourist destination]] for [[package holiday]]makers, adding further properties to the [[Portfolio (finance)|portfolio]] of his company, Hoteles Mallorquines.<ref name="Gale" /><ref>Hernández-Barahona J, San Román E, Gil-López Á. Bricolage and Innovation in the Emergence and Development of the Spanish Tourism Industry. Enterprise & Society. 2023;24(4):1119-1161. doi:10.1017/eso.2022.28</ref> The company expanded geographically in the 1960s and 70s, acquiring hotels in the [[Canary Islands|Canaries]] as well as the other [[Balearic Islands]]. After the [[Transition to democracy (Spain)|transition to democracy in Spain]], [[tourism in Spain]] developed more rapidly and Hoteles Mallorquines aggressively moved onto the Spanish mainland, establishing a presence in much of the country by the early 1980s.<ref name="Gale" />
The origins of the company reach back to 1956, when the then-21-year-old Gabriel Escarrer Juliá leased the Altair Hotel in [[Palma (Majorca)|Palma]], [[Majorca]].<ref name="Gale">{{cite encyclopedia |last= Cohen |first= M.L. |title= Sol Meliá S.A. |encyclopedia= International Directory of Company Histories |publisher= [[Gale Group|The Gale Group]] |year= 2006 |url= http://www.answers.com/topic/sol-meli-s-a |accessdate= 2008-12-07}}</ref> Over the subsequent years Escarrer took advantage of the island's increasing popularity as a [[tourist destination]] for [[package holiday]]makers, adding further properties to the [[Portfolio (finance)|portfolio]] of his company, Hoteles Mallorquines.<ref name="Gale" /><ref>Hernández-Barahona J, San Román E, Gil-López Á. Bricolage and Innovation in the Emergence and Development of the Spanish Tourism Industry. Enterprise & Society. 2023;24(4):1119-1161. doi:10.1017/eso.2022.28</ref> The company expanded geographically in the 1960s and 70s, acquiring hotels in the [[Canary Islands|Canaries]] as well as the other [[Balearic Islands]]. After the [[Transition to democracy (Spain)|transition to democracy in Spain]], [[tourism in Spain]] developed more rapidly and Hoteles Mallorquines aggressively moved onto the Spanish mainland, establishing a presence in much of the country by the early 1980s.<ref name="Gale" />

Revision as of 18:15, 13 April 2024

Not to be confused with Hotel Meliá.
Meliá Hotels International, S.A.
Company typePublic (Sociedad Anónima)
BMAD: MEL
WBAG: MEL
OTC Pink Limited: SMIZF
FWB: MEL
IBEX 35 component
ISINES0176252718
IndustryTravel, tourism
Founded1956
FounderJosé Meliá Sinisterra
HeadquartersPalma de Mallorca, Spain
Key people
ProductsHotels and resorts
Revenue€1.251 billion (2010)[1]
€141.8 million (2010)[1]
€50.1 million (2010)[1]
Total assets€3.390 billion (end 2010)[1]
Total equity€1.116 billion (end 2010)[1]
Number of employees
40000 (average, 2010)[1]
Websitewww.melia.com

Meliá Hotels International, S.A. (formerly Sol Meliá) is a Spanish hotel chain. Sol was founded by Gabriel Escarrer Juliá in 1956 in Palma de Mallorca and Meliá was founded by José Meliá Sinisterra. It is also known as and referred to by its former name of Sol Meliá. The company is one of Spain's largest domestic operators of holiday resorts[2] and the 17th biggest hotel chain worldwide.[3] Domestically in Spain the company is the market leader in both resort and urban hotels.[4] Currently the hotel chain operates 374 hotels in 40 countries on 4 continents under the brands Meliá, Gran Meliá, ME by Meliá, Paradisus, Innside by Meliá, TRYP by Wyndham, Sol Hotels and Club Meliá.[5]

History

Hotel Alicante Gran Sol in Alicante

[[Hotel Meliá - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|Meliá in Bilbao]]

Innside by Meliá in Zhengzhou

Foundation and early years

The origins of the company reach back to 1956, when the then-21-year-old Gabriel Escarrer Juliá leased the Altair Hotel in Palma, Majorca.[6] Over the subsequent years Escarrer took advantage of the island's increasing popularity as a tourist destination for package holidaymakers, adding further properties to the portfolio of his company, Hoteles Mallorquines.[6][7] The company expanded geographically in the 1960s and 70s, acquiring hotels in the Canaries as well as the other Balearic Islands. After the transition to democracy in Spain, tourism in Spain developed more rapidly and Hoteles Mallorquines aggressively moved onto the Spanish mainland, establishing a presence in much of the country by the early 1980s.[6]

In 1984 the company renamed itself Hoteles Sol (Template:Lang-en), before establishing itself as the largest hotel chain in the country with the acquisition of the 32 location-strong Hotasa group.[6][failed verification] Another merger followed three years later as the company combined with the upmarket Meliá chain, founded by Josep Melià i Sinisterra, to form Sol Meliá.[6] The deal increased the geographical scope of the company into the Caribbean, Americas and other parts of Europe.

A 1996 split of the company into two separate businesses, one for hotel ownership (Inmotel) and another for management (Sol Meliá, which listed on the Bolsa de Madrid), was reversed three years later amid major consolidation in the industry.[6] Gabriel Escarrer Sr. subsequently stepped down from the chief executive role, replaced by his sons Gabriel Jr. and Sebastian, who became deputy CEO.[8] The following year brief takeover talks were held with Hilton International,[6] but Sol Meliá instead chose to make an acquisition of its own, paying €360 million for smaller peer Tryp Hotels.[9] Tryp had come close to being purchased by rival chain NH Hoteles a year earlier.[10] Tryp continued to exist as a separate brand within the Sol Meliá group.

Development since 2010

Rights to the Tryp brand were sold to Wyndham Worldwide in 2010, but Meliá continues to own and operate the hotels under a licensing agreement.[11] On 3 June 2011 the company changed its name to Meliá Hotels International.[citation needed]

Meliá Hotels received strong criticism because of hosting a tribute to the caudillo Francisco Franco in 2015.[12][13] More than 62,000 people signed against this, but the hotel decided to keep the tribute anyway.[14] Also, the hotel board rejected to meet the representative of the association "Foro por la Memoria de la Comunidad de Madrid", representing signatories.[15]

The company later sought to forge partnerships with other companies in the leisure industry, opening hotels based on the Hard Rock Cafe concept in conjunction with then-parent The Rank Group (joint venture dissolved in 2007),[16][17] and Flintstones-themed hotels with Warner Bros.[6]

Although publicly traded since 1996, the Escarrer family continues to control Meliá Hotels, holding a combined stake of over 63% at the end of 2010.[1]

In June 2017, Meliá Hotels International confirmed Spanish badminton player, Carolina Marín as their new brand ambassador.[18]

Operations

The company employs various commercial brands to offer their product, including Gran Meliá, Meliá Hotels & Resorts, ME by Meliá, Innside, Sol Hotels, Paradisus Resorts and Club Meliá (formerly known as Sol Meliá Vacation Club). In 2010, they divested themselves of their Tryp Hotels brand when it was sold to Wyndham Hotels.

The firm operates more than 350 hotels as of November 2023, of which over 160 are in Spain. Of the other 230 countries in which Meliá Hotels International operates, the largest numbers of hotels are located in Cuba, Germany, Croatia, Brazil and Portugal.[19]

Trademark dispute

In late 2008, Hotel Meliá, a century-old family-owned hotel in Ponce, Puerto Rico, filed a complaint against Sol Meliá in the Court of First Instance after he attempted to register the name "Meliá" with the Puerto Rico Department of State asserting that Hotel Meliá Inc. "had the sole right to use the Meliá mark in connection with hotel and restaurant services throughout Puerto Rico."[20] As a result, Sol Meliá withdrew its application. But S.L. Dorpan, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sol Meliá, subsequently filed a complaint against the hotel in the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico, "seeking a declaration that under the Lanham Act, Dorpan had the right to use the mark Meliá throughout Puerto Rico" and that the hotel had the right to use the name Meliá only in the city of Ponce. The District Court issued an opinion on 31 March 2012 ruling in favor of Sol Meliá.[21] Hotel Meliá then appealed the decision of the district court to the First Circuit Court of Appeals in Boston. On 28 August 2013, the Court of Appeals issued its opinion vacating the lower district court's decision and ruling in favor of Ponce's local Hotel Meliá.[22]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Annual Report 2010". Sol Meliá. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
  2. ^ Brandt, Nadja (4 June 2007). "Deutsche Telekom, Ryanair, Sol Melia: European Equity Preview". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  3. ^ Harding, Ben; Hetz, Robert (11 November 2008). "Spain's Sol Melia cuts capex, gloomy on 2009". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  4. ^ Harding, Ben (7 August 2008). "Sol Melia's H1 profit drops 41 pct, to miss target". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  5. ^ "Melia Hotels International targets Asia for growth". Investvine.com. 2013-02-21. Retrieved 2013-02-22.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Cohen, M.L. (2006). "Sol Meliá S.A.". International Directory of Company Histories. The Gale Group. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  7. ^ Hernández-Barahona J, San Román E, Gil-López Á. Bricolage and Innovation in the Emergence and Development of the Spanish Tourism Industry. Enterprise & Society. 2023;24(4):1119-1161. doi:10.1017/eso.2022.28
  8. ^ "Annual Report 2004". Sol Meliá. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  9. ^ "Sol Melia Will Pay $326.8 Million For Spanish Hotel Group Tryp". The Wall Street Journal. 22 August 2000. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  10. ^ "Sol Meliá sella un acuerdo para la compra de Hoteles Tryp". El Mundo (in Spanish). 1 August 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
  11. ^ Chang, Michelle (7 June 2010). "Wyndham Buys Tryp Brand". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
  12. ^ "Meliá messes up by hosting Franco tribute". 02b.com. 2015-11-19. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  13. ^ Ibon Uría (2015-11-17). "La cadena hotelera Meliá acepta acoger una cena de la Fundación Franco para homenajear al dictador". InfoLibre.es. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  14. ^ Marta Borraz (2015-11-30). "El hotel Meliá Castilla se resiste a cancelar el homenaje a Franco pese a las más de 60.000 firmas recogidas". ElDiario.es. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  15. ^ "62.000 firmas contra el homenaje a Franco en el hotel Meliá". Público (Spain). 2015-12-02. Retrieved 2015-12-02.
  16. ^ "Rank Group Plans Hard Rock's Growth". The New York Times. Associated Press. 19 June 2003. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  17. ^ Milligan, Michael (22 January 2007). "Sol Melia confident that ME brand will stand out from the crowd". Travel Weekly. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
  18. ^ "Selain Bersama La Liga, Carolina Marin Juga Jadi Duta Hotel". detik.com. 12 June 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Hotel directory". Meliá Hotels International. Retrieved 16 Jan 2015.
  20. ^ Civil No. 09-1188, Docket No. 1-1. Superior Court of Puerto Rico. Court of First Instance. Ponce, Puerto Rico.
  21. ^ Dorpan, S.L. v. Hotel Melia, Inc. Civil Nos. 09-1138 (GAG), 09-1188(GAG). 851 F.Supp.2d 398 (2012). Dorpan, S.L., Plaintiff, v. Hotel Melia, Inc. et al., Defendants. United States District Court, District of Puerto Rico. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  22. ^ United States Court of Appeals For the First Circuit (No. 12-1679): Dorpan, S.L. v. Hotel Melia, Inc. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
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