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Coordinates: 42°30′S 64°0′W / 42.500°S 64.000°W / -42.500; -64.000
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==Climate==
==Climate==
Valdes Peninsula has a [[arid climate|cold desert climate]] (''BWk'') bordering on a [[semi-arid climate|cold semi-desert climate]] (''BSk'').<ref name=ambiente>{{cite web |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160321005238/http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/GTRA/file/Humedales/FIR%20Pen%C3%ADnsula%20Vald%C3%A9s%20aprobada.pdf |archive-date= 21 March 2016 |url= http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/GTRA/file/Humedales/FIR%20Pen%C3%ADnsula%20Vald%C3%A9s%20aprobada.pdf |title= Ficha Informativa de los Humedales de Ramsar (FIR) – Versión 2009-2012 |publisher= Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable |language= es |access-date= October 10, 2015 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }}</ref> It has a climate typical of northern Patagonia that is modified with interactions between atmospheric circulation patterns and the adjacent ocean.<ref name = climate>{{cite web | url = http://www.puertopiramides.gov.ar/ubicacion-clima-eng.html | title = Location and Climate | publisher = Municipio de Puerto Pirámides | access-date = October 10, 2015}}</ref><ref name=clima>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429000608/http://peninsulavaldes.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/3-Cap%C3%ADtulo-I-P-II-f%C3%ADsico.pdf |archive-date=29 April 2018 |url=http://peninsulavaldes.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/3-Capítulo-I-P-II-físico.pdf |title=Capítulo I: Caracterización y Antecedentes |work=Plan de Manejo del Sistema Península Valdés |publisher=Administración Area Natural Protegida Península Valdés |language=es |access-date=October 10, 2015 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The peninsula is located between the [[Horse latitudes|subtropical high-pressure belt]] (located at 30<sup>o</sup>S) and the subpolar low-pressure zone (located between 60<sup>o</sup> and 70<sup>o</sup>S), resulting in the wind being predominantly from the west.<ref name=ambiente/><ref name=clima/> The mean annual temperature is {{convert|10.6|C|F|1}},<ref name=ambiente/> ranging from a mean monthly temperature of {{convert|8|C|F|1}} in winter to {{convert|18|C|F|1}} in summer.<ref name=clima/> During winter, temperatures fluctuate between {{convert|0|and|15|C|F|1}} with frosts being common, averaging 12–20 days during the season.<ref name=ambiente/> Temperatures in the summer can fluctuate between {{convert|15|and|35|C|F|1}}.<ref name=ambiente/>
Valdes Peninsula has a [[arid climate|cold desert climate]] (''BWk'') bordering on a [[semi-arid climate|cold semi-desert climate]] (''BSk'').<ref name=ambiente>{{cite web |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160321005238/http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/GTRA/file/Humedales/FIR%20Pen%C3%ADnsula%20Vald%C3%A9s%20aprobada.pdf |archive-date= 21 March 2016 |url= http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/GTRA/file/Humedales/FIR%20Pen%C3%ADnsula%20Vald%C3%A9s%20aprobada.pdf |title= Ficha Informativa de los Humedales de Ramsar (FIR) – Versión 2009-2012 |publisher= Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable |language= es |access-date= October 10, 2015 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }}</ref> It has a climate typical of northern Patagonia that is modified with interactions between atmospheric circulation patterns and the adjacent ocean.<ref name = climate>{{cite web | url = http://www.puertopiramides.gov.ar/ubicacion-clima-eng.html | title = Location and Climate | publisher = Municipio de Puerto Pirámides | access-date = October 10, 2015 | archive-date = July 3, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190703092756/http://www.puertopiramides.gov.ar/ubicacion-clima-eng.html | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=clima>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429000608/http://peninsulavaldes.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/3-Cap%C3%ADtulo-I-P-II-f%C3%ADsico.pdf |archive-date=29 April 2018 |url=http://peninsulavaldes.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/3-Capítulo-I-P-II-físico.pdf |title=Capítulo I: Caracterización y Antecedentes |work=Plan de Manejo del Sistema Península Valdés |publisher=Administración Area Natural Protegida Península Valdés |language=es |access-date=October 10, 2015 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The peninsula is located between the [[Horse latitudes|subtropical high-pressure belt]] (located at 30<sup>o</sup>S) and the subpolar low-pressure zone (located between 60<sup>o</sup> and 70<sup>o</sup>S), resulting in the wind being predominantly from the west.<ref name=ambiente/><ref name=clima/> The mean annual temperature is {{convert|10.6|C|F|1}},<ref name=ambiente/> ranging from a mean monthly temperature of {{convert|8|C|F|1}} in winter to {{convert|18|C|F|1}} in summer.<ref name=clima/> During winter, temperatures fluctuate between {{convert|0|and|15|C|F|1}} with frosts being common, averaging 12–20 days during the season.<ref name=ambiente/> Temperatures in the summer can fluctuate between {{convert|15|and|35|C|F|1}}.<ref name=ambiente/>


Mean annual precipitation is low, averaging {{convert|240|mm|in|abbr=on}} although this is highly variable from year to year.<ref name=ambiente/> The interior of the peninsula receives slightly lower precipitation than the coastal areas, receiving {{convert|200|to|225|mm|in|abbr=on}} per year.<ref name=climate/> Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year though April–June receives the most precipitation.<ref name=clima/><ref name=climate/> The [[El Niño Southern Oscillation]] strongly influences the climate of the peninsula.<ref name=clima/> During an El Niño year, precipitation is higher from November to February.<ref name=clima/>
Mean annual precipitation is low, averaging {{convert|240|mm|in|abbr=on}} although this is highly variable from year to year.<ref name=ambiente/> The interior of the peninsula receives slightly lower precipitation than the coastal areas, receiving {{convert|200|to|225|mm|in|abbr=on}} per year.<ref name=climate/> Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year though April–June receives the most precipitation.<ref name=clima/><ref name=climate/> The [[El Niño Southern Oscillation]] strongly influences the climate of the peninsula.<ref name=clima/> During an El Niño year, precipitation is higher from November to February.<ref name=clima/>

Revision as of 04:46, 20 September 2024

Península Valdés
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Peninsula Valdés, photo taken during Space Shuttle program STS-68.
LocationBiedma Department, Chubut Province, Argentina
CriteriaNatural: (x)
Reference937
Inscription1999 (23rd Session)
Area360,000 ha (890,000 acres)
Websitepeninsulavaldes.org.ar
Coordinates42°30′S 64°0′W / 42.500°S 64.000°W / -42.500; -64.000
Official nameHumedales de Península Valdés
Designated20 July 2012
Reference no.2070[1]
Valdés Peninsula is located in Chubut Province
Valdés Peninsula
Location of Valdés Peninsula in Chubut Province
Valdés Peninsula is located in Argentina
Valdés Peninsula
Valdés Peninsula (Argentina)

The Valdes Peninsula (Spanish: Península Valdés) is a peninsula into the Atlantic Ocean in the Viedma Department of north-east Chubut Province, Argentina. Around 3,625 km2 (896,000 acres; 1,400 sq mi) in size (not taking into account the isthmus of Carlos Ameghino which connects the peninsula to the mainland), it is an important nature reserve which was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999.[2]

Geography

The nearest large town is Puerto Madryn. The only town on the peninsula is the small settlement of Puerto Pirámides. There are also a number of estancias, where sheep are raised.

Most of the peninsula is barren land with some salt lakes. The largest of these lakes has an elevation of about 40 m below sea level (see extremes on Earth), until recently thought to be the lowest elevation in Argentina and South America (the lowest point actually being Laguna del Carbón, Argentina, which is also the lowest point in all of South America).

Fauna

The coastline is inhabited by marine mammals, like sea lions, elephant seals and fur seals. The peninsula also contains the most important breeding ground for Southern right whales in the world.[2] They can be found in Golfo Nuevo and Golfo San José, protected bodies of water located between the peninsula and the Patagonian mainland. These baleen whales arrive between May and December, for mating and giving birth, because the water in the gulf is quieter and warmer than in the open sea. Orcas can also be found off the coast, in the open sea off the peninsula. They are known to beach themselves on shore to capture sea lions and elephant seals.

The inner part of the peninsula is inhabited by rheas, guanacos and maras. A high diversity and range of birds live in the peninsula as well; at least 181 bird species, 66 of which migratory, live in the area, including the Antarctic pigeon.

Climate

Valdes Peninsula has a cold desert climate (BWk) bordering on a cold semi-desert climate (BSk).[3] It has a climate typical of northern Patagonia that is modified with interactions between atmospheric circulation patterns and the adjacent ocean.[4][5] The peninsula is located between the subtropical high-pressure belt (located at 30oS) and the subpolar low-pressure zone (located between 60o and 70oS), resulting in the wind being predominantly from the west.[3][5] The mean annual temperature is 10.6 °C (51.1 °F),[3] ranging from a mean monthly temperature of 8 °C (46.4 °F) in winter to 18 °C (64.4 °F) in summer.[5] During winter, temperatures fluctuate between 0 and 15 °C (32.0 and 59.0 °F) with frosts being common, averaging 12–20 days during the season.[3] Temperatures in the summer can fluctuate between 15 and 35 °C (59.0 and 95.0 °F).[3]

Mean annual precipitation is low, averaging 240 mm (9.4 in) although this is highly variable from year to year.[3] The interior of the peninsula receives slightly lower precipitation than the coastal areas, receiving 200 to 225 mm (7.9 to 8.9 in) per year.[4] Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year though April–June receives the most precipitation.[5][4] The El Niño Southern Oscillation strongly influences the climate of the peninsula.[5] During an El Niño year, precipitation is higher from November to February.[5]

Climate data for Punta Delgada Lighthouse, Valdes Peninsula
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.9
(96.6) 		35.6
(96.1) 		34.9
(94.8) 		30.1
(86.2) 		24.5
(76.1) 		20.9
(69.6) 		17.9
(64.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		26.9
(80.4) 		30.4
(86.7) 		34.9
(94.8) 		37.2
(99.0) 		37.2
(99.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 22.8
(73.0) 		23.2
(73.8) 		21.1
(70.0) 		18.6
(65.5) 		14.6
(58.3) 		12.2
(54.0) 		11.2
(52.2) 		11.6
(52.9) 		13.7
(56.7) 		17.2
(63.0) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.8
(71.2) 		17.3
(63.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.4
(63.3) 		17.6
(63.7) 		16.1
(61.0) 		13.7
(56.7) 		10.8
(51.4) 		8.2
(46.8) 		7.1
(44.8) 		7.7
(45.9) 		9.2
(48.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		13.8
(56.8) 		15.7
(60.3) 		12.4
(54.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13.1
(55.6) 		13.3
(55.9) 		12.0
(53.6) 		10.2
(50.4) 		7.0
(44.6) 		4.3
(39.7) 		3.6
(38.5) 		3.2
(37.8) 		5.5
(41.9) 		7.4
(45.3) 		9.8
(49.6) 		12.0
(53.6) 		8.5
(47.3)
Record low °C (°F) 5.1
(41.2) 		5.4
(41.7) 		4.3
(39.7) 		0.3
(32.5) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		−3.4
(25.9) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		−2.9
(26.8) 		−4.9
(23.2) 		−2.4
(27.7) 		1.6
(34.9) 		2.7
(36.9) 		−4.9
(23.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13.9
(0.55) 		10.5
(0.41) 		23.5
(0.93) 		25.9
(1.02) 		25.0
(0.98) 		25.2
(0.99) 		27.9
(1.10) 		14.8
(0.58) 		16.5
(0.65) 		12.1
(0.48) 		13.1
(0.52) 		15.1
(0.59) 		223.5
(8.80)
Average relative humidity (%) 68.0 68.5 68.5 68.5 72.5 76.5 77.0 72.5 72.5 68.0 69.0 67.5 70.8
Source: Secretaria de Mineria[6]

References

  1. ^ "Humedales de Península Valdés". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Península Valdés". UNESCO World Heritage List. UNESCO. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Ficha Informativa de los Humedales de Ramsar (FIR) – Versión 2009-2012" (PDF) (in Spanish). Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  4. ^ a b c "Location and Climate". Municipio de Puerto Pirámides. Archived from the original on July 3, 2019. Retrieved October 10, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Capítulo I: Caracterización y Antecedentes" (PDF). Plan de Manejo del Sistema Península Valdés (in Spanish). Administración Area Natural Protegida Península Valdés. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  6. ^ "Provincia de Chubut - Clima Y Meteorologia: Datos Meteorologicos Y Pluviometicos" (in Spanish). Secretaria de Mineria de la Nacion (Argentina). Archived from the original on January 19, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2015.
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