Kingdom of Heaven (film)

Kingdom of Heaven
Directed by	Ridley Scott
Written by	William Monahan
Produced by	Ridley Scott
Starring	Orlando Bloom Eva Green Jeremy Irons David Thewlis Edward Norton Marton Csokas Liam Neeson
Cinematography	John Mathieson
Edited by	Dody Dorn Chisako Yokoyama (director's cut)
Music by	Harry Gregson-Williams
Distributed by	20th Century Fox
Release date	May 6, 2005
Running time	145 min. 194 min (director's cut).
Country	UK / Spain / USA / Germany
Language	English
Budget	$135 million

This article is about the film. For theological concept, see Kingdom of Heaven.

Kingdom of Heaven is a film released on May 6, 2005, written by William Monahan, and directed and produced by Ridley Scott. It stars Orlando Bloom, Eva Green, Jeremy Irons, David Thewlis, Marton Csokas, Brendan Gleeson, Alexander Siddig, Ghassan Massoud, Edward Norton, Jon Finch, Michael Sheen and Liam Neeson.

The story deals with the Crusades of the 12th century, and involves an artificer (a military mechanic; French: artificier) and engineer (in this case, someone who makes siege engines), serving as a village blacksmith who goes on to aid the city of Jerusalem in its defence against the great Muslim leader Saladin, who battles to reclaim the city from the Christians. The script is loosely based on the life of Balian of Ibelin. Professor Hamid Dabashi of Columbia University was the film's chief academic consultant.

Most filming took place in Ouarzazate in Morocco, where Scott had filmed Gladiator and Black Hawk Down. A replica of the ancient city of Jerusalem was constructed in the desert. Filming also took place in Spain, at the Loarre castle, Segovia, Valsaín, Ávila, Palma del Río and buildings in Seville.

It was reported that the Moroccan government sent hundreds of soldiers to protect the set and crew from Muslim extremists who threatened attacks. However, the Moroccan cavalry were actually on hand as extras in the epic battle scenes.

Cast and characters

Many of the characters in the movie are fictionalized versions of historical figures:

• Orlando Bloom - Balian of Ibelin
• Eva Green - Sibylla
• Liam Neeson - Godfrey of Ibelin
• Jeremy Irons - Tiberias (the movie's name for the historical Raymond III of Tripoli, lord of Tiberias)
• David Thewlis - Hospitaller
• Brendan Gleeson - Raynald of Chatillon
• Marton Csokas - Guy of Lusignan
• Ghassan Massoud - Saladin
• Edward Norton - Baldwin IV
• Alexander Siddig - Nasir/Imad (he is called Nasir on screen, but Imad in the companion book and script; his identity is a plot point)
• Jon Finch - Patriarch of Jerusalem
• Iain Glen - Richard I of England
• Velibor Topic - Amalric

Synopsis

File:Koh balian.jpg

Balian (Orlando Bloom) at the Battle of Kerak

Kingdom of Heaven follows the story of an engineer and artificer making his living as a blacksmith in France, haunted by his wife's recent suicide as the result of a miscarriage. A group of Crusaders rides by the small village, demanding food and shelter, which Balian (Bloom) grants. After discovering the existence of his out-of-wedlock father, Baron Godfrey of Ibelin (Neeson), he finds that the town priest is wearing a pendant that belonged to his wife. In addition, the priest reveals that his wife's body was beheaded before burial, which was customary practice in those times for people who committed suicide. Enraged, he viciously murders the priest. Afterwards he decides to follow his father and his men to Jerusalem in the hope of gaining redemption and forgiveness for both his wife and himself.

As they leave the village, the local ruler's men confront the Crusaders under the premise of arresting Balian (although it is also implied the local nobility hopes to claim Godfrey's land). The Crusaders refuse to surrender him and a brief but bloody skirmish erupts in which Godfrey's knights are victorious, but most of them killed and Godfrey gravely wounded by an arrow.

In Messina, Godfrey, on the brink of death, knights Balian, orders him to serve the King of Jerusalem and protect the helpless, and ultimately shares with him his vision of a 'kingdom of conscience', morality, and righteousness in the Holy Land. On the journey to Jerusalem, the convoy is hit by a storm, and Balian is the sole survivor of the shipwreck. Balian soon finds himself confronting a pair of Muslim knights, one master, one servant over possession of a horse. He slays the master, and requests the servant take him to Jerusalem. Upon his arrival in Jerusalem, he releases his prisoner and the 'slave' tells Balian, 'Your qualities will be known among your enemies before ever you meet them'. Balian soon becomes acquainted with the main players of Jerusalem's political arena: King Baldwin IV (Norton), stricken by leprosy yet nevertheless one of the film's most wise, sensible rulers; Princess Sibylla (Green), King Baldwin IV's sister and Balian's love interest; Guy de Lusignan, Sibylla's scheming, bloodthirsty, and intolerant husband.

Guy and Raynald of Châtillon (Gleeson) soon massacre a Muslim trade caravan. Enraged, Saladin (Massoud) sets off for Kerak, Raynald's castle stronghold. Balian heads to defend Kerak from Saladin's army. Outnumbered, Balian and his knights nevertheless charge straight into the center of Saladin's army in order to buy time for Kerak's surrounding villagers to safely evacuate into the castle. The battle is quickly over and Balian is taken prisoner. In a scene paralleling the one where Balian released the Muslim servant earlier, we find that the supposed servant he released is in fact one of Saladin's generals, and quotes the line he said to Balian previously, before releasing him into Kerak. By this time, King Baldwin IV arrives and successfully implores Saladin to retreat, averting a bloodbath.

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Saladin's forces besiege the walls of Jerusalem

As the film progresses, King Baldwin dies and is succeeded by Sibylla. She names her husband Guy the King Consort of Jerusalem, after a failed attempt by the King to get Balian to commit to Sibylla. Balian had refused, as one of the conditions would be the execution of Guy; this bloody political intrigue ran counter to his concepts of morality and responsibility. Guy, with Raynald's assistance, provokes Saladin to war by murdering Saladin's sister, and marches off into the desert, without adequate provisions for food and water to meet Saladin. The Muslim army ambushes a tired and weak Crusader force and a great battle ensues, in which the Crusader army is annihilated (the Battle of Hattin, although the battle is neither named nor shown in the film; only the results are depicted). King Guy and Raynald are captured and the latter is beheaded by Saladin, who then marches upon Jerusalem, defended only by Balian, and besieges it. Three days of intense siege battle ensues, and Balian demonstrates immense tactical skill in knocking down Saladin's mammoth siege towers. A section of Jerusalem's walls is knocked down, but the defenders are able to hold off Saladin's forces in a bloody battle. The next day, Balian then surrenders to Saladin under the condition of safe passage for the inhabitants to the Christian Lands.

At the end of the film, Balian is seen back at his old home in France. Reminiscent of an earlier scene, a column of crusader knights rides by again, this time led by King Richard I of England. Richard tells Balian that he is leading his forces on a new Crusade to retake Jerusalem from Saladin. King Richard seeks Balian, the defender of Jerusalem, to join him, but Balian responds that he is only a blacksmith, and declines. We then see Sibylla, dressed in a rich traveling costume, and the final shot is of Balian and Sibylla riding off together after stopping briefly at the grave of Balian's wife. The film ends with a placard summarizing that after many years of war Richard is unable to retake Jerusalem, and fighting over Jerusalem continues for years to come as "[e]ven today, peace in the Kingdom of Heaven remains elusive." Template:Endspoiler

Cinematography

The visual style of Kingdom of Heaven emphasizes set design and impressive cinematography in almost every scene. It is especially notable for its visual majesty with "visually stunning cinematography and haunting music".

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A sweeping, surreal landscape in Kingdom of Heaven characteristic of Ridley Scott's cinematographic style

Cinematographer John Mathieson created many large, sweeping landscapes, where the cinematography, supporting performances, and battle sequences are meticulously mounted. The cinematography and scenes of set-pieces have been described as "ballets of light and colour" (as in films by Akira Kurosawa). Director Ridley Scott's visual acumen was described as the main draw of Kingdom of Heaven with the stellar, stunning cinematography and "jaw-dropping combat sequences" based on the production design of Arthur Max.

Film Score

Main article: Kingdom of Heaven (soundtrack)

The music to the movie is similar in style and content to the soundtrack of Ridley Scott's earlier 2000 film Gladiator. A composition of classical listings and contemporary rock/pop influences, the soundtrack is largely the result of British film score composer Harry Gregson-Williams.

Historical accuracy

It is true that Baldwin IV, King of Jerusalem from 1174-1185, was a leper, and that his sister Sibylla was married to Guy of Lusignan. Also, Baldwin IV had a falling out with Guy before his death, and so Guy did not succeed Baldwin IV immediately. Baldwin crowned Sibylla's son from her previous marriage to William of Montferrat, five-year-old Baldwin V co-king in his own lifetime, in 1183. The little boy reigned as sole king for one year, dying in 1186 at nine years of age. After her son's death, Sibylla and Guy (to whom she was devoted) garrisoned the city, and she claimed the throne. The coronation scene in the movie was, in real life, more of a shock: Sibylla had been forced to promise to divorce Guy before becoming queen, with the assurance that she would be permitted to pick her own consort. After being crowned by Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem (who is unnamed in the movie), she chose to crown Guy as her consort. Raymond III of Tripoli, the film's Tiberias, was not present, but was in Nablus attempting a coup, with Balian of Ibelin, to raise her half-sister (Balian's stepdaughter), princess Isabella of Jerusalem, to the throne. However, Isabella's husband, Humphrey IV of Toron, betrayed them by swearing allegiance to Guy.

Raymond of Tripoli was a cousin of Amalric I of Jerusalem, and one of the Kingdom's most powerful nobles, as well as sometime regent. He had a claim to the throne himself, but, being childless, instead tried to advance his allies the Ibelin family. He was often in conflict with Guy and Raynald, who had risen to their positions by marrying wealthy heiresses and through the king's favour. Guy and Raynald did harass Saladin's caravans, although the claim that Raynald captured Saladin's sister is based on a conflation of two separate facts: after Raynald's attack on one caravan, Saladin made sure that the next one, in which his sister was travelling, was properly guarded: the lady came to no harm.

The discord between the rival factions in the kingdom gave Saladin the opportunity to pursue his long-term goal of conquering it. The kingdom's army was defeated at the Battle of Hattin, partly due to the conflict between Guy and Raymond. As already stated, the battle itself is not shown in the movie, but its aftermath is depicted. Guy and Raynald were captured, and according to al-Safadi in al-Wafi bi'l-wafayat, Raynald was executed after drinking from the goblet offered to Guy, as the sultan had once made a promise never to give anything to Raynald. Guy was imprisoned but later freed. He attempted to retain the kingship even after the deaths of Sibylla and their daughters during his siege of Acre in 1190, but was defeated by Conrad of Montferrat in an election in 1192. Richard I of England, his only supporter, sold him the lordship of Cyprus, where he died c. 1194.

There was a Haute Cour, a "high court", a sort of medieval parliament, in which Jeremy Irons's character Tiberias is seen arguing with Guy for or against war, in front of Baldwin IV as the final judge.

The movie alludes to the Battle of Montgisard in 1177, in which 16-year-old Baldwin IV defeated Saladin, with Saladin narrowly escaping.

The Knights Hospitaller and Knights Templar were the most enthusiastic about fighting Saladin and the Muslims. They were monastic military orders, committed to celibacy. Neither Guy nor Raynald was a Templar, as the movie implies by costuming them both in Templar surcoats: they were secular nobles with wives and families.

During one scene in the movie, shortly before Hattin, Balian is attacked by three soldiers referred to as "Templars". However, they clearly wear the white surcoats with black crosses of Teutonic Knights, rather than the white and red of the Knights Templar. The Teutonic Knights were not founded until 1190, three years after Hattin.

The historical origin of Orlando Bloom's character, Balian of Ibelin, was a close ally of Raymond. However, he was a mature gentleman, just a year or two younger than Raymond, and one of the most important nobles in the kingdom, not a French blacksmith. His father Barisan (which was originally his own name, modified into French as 'Balian') was the founder of the Ibelin family in the east, and probably came from Italy. Balian and Sibylla were indeed united in the defence of Jerusalem; however, there was no romantic relationship between the two. Balian was married to Sibylla's step-mother Maria Comnena, Dowager Queen of Jerusalem and Lady of Nablus. The Old French Continuation of William of Tyre (the so-called Chronicle of Ernoul) claimed that Sibylla had been infatuated with Balian's older brother Baldwin of Ibelin, a widower over twice her age, but this is doubtful; instead, it seems that Raymond of Tripoli attempted a coup to marry her off to him to strengthen the position of his faction. However, this legend seems to have been behind the film's creation of a love-relationship between Sibylla and a member of the Ibelin family.

File:Baldwin IV and William of Tyre.jpg

William of Tyre discovers Baldwin IV's leprosy; his accounts form the historical basis for much of the film

The events of the siege of Jerusalem are based on the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre, a favourable account partly written by Ernoul, one of Balian's officers, and other contemporary documents. Saladin did besiege Jerusalem for almost a month, and was able to knock down a portion of the wall. In the film Balian knighted everyone who could carry a sword, but historical accounts say he only knighted some burgesses. The exact number varies in different accounts, but it is probably less than one hundred in a city which had tens of thousands of male inhabitants and refugees. Balian personally negotiated the surrender of the city with Saladin, after threatening to destroy every building and kill every Muslim who entered. The film, however, downgrades the roles of Sibylla and of Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem in the siege, transforming Heraclius into a coward. Saladin allowed Balian and his family to leave in peace, along with everyone else who could arrange to pay a ransom, but thousands of poorer inhabitants who could not pay were sold into slavery.

The "uneasy truce" referred to in the closing scene actually refers to the Treaty of Ramla, negotiated, with Balian's help, at the end of the Third Crusade. The Third Crusade is alluded to at the end of the movie, when Richard I of England visits Balian in France. Balian, of course, was not from France and did not return there with Sibylla; she and her two daughters died of fever in camp during the siege of Acre. Conrad of Montferrat had denied her and Guy entry to the remaining stronghold of Tyre, and thus Guy was attempting to take another city for himself.

Balian's relations with Richard were far from amicable, because he supported Conrad against Richard's vassal Guy. He and his wife Maria arranged her daughter Isabella's forcible divorce from Humphrey of Toron so she could marry Conrad. Ambroise, who wrote a poetic account of the crusade, called Balian "more false than a goblin" and said he "should be hunted with dogs". The anonymous author of the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi wrote that Balian was a member of a "council of consummate iniquity," and described him as cruel, fickle, and faithless, and accused him of taking bribes from Conrad.

The young Balian of the movie thus did not exist in reality. The historical Balian had descendants by Maria Comnena. Thanks to their close relationship to Sibylla's half-sister and successor, Maria's daughter Queen Isabella (not shown in the movie), the Ibelins became the most powerful noble family in the rump Kingdom of Jerusalem as well as in Cyprus in the 13th century. Most notably, Maria and Balian's son John, the Lord of Beirut, was to be a dominant force in the politics of Outremer for the first third of the 13th century.

The historical accuracy of the film was analysed in an episode of The History Channel's series History vs. Hollywood. This and a Movie Real (a series by A&E Network) episode about Kingdom of Heaven, were both included on the DVD version of the movie.

Critical response

Upon its release, the general criticism has been divided, but leaning towards the negative. Critics such as Roger Ebert, however, found the film's message to be deeper than Scott's previous Gladiator.

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Ed Norton received acclaim for his portrayal of King Baldwin IV

Several actors/actresses were praised for their performances. The unanimously praised performance was that of actor Edward Norton, who played the leper king of Jerusalem, Baldwin IV. Critics have described his acting as near "phenomenal", "eerie," and "so far removed from anything that he has ever done that we see the true complexities of his talent". The Syrian actor Ghassan Massoud was also praised for his portrayal of Saladin, described by The New York Times as "cool as a tall glass of water". Also commended were Eva Green, who plays Princess Sibylla, "with a measure of cool that defies her surroundings", and Jeremy Irons.

However, lead actor Orlando Bloom's performance generally elicited a lukewarm reception in United States, with one film critic from the Boston Globe stating Bloom was "not actively bad as Balian of Ibelin", but nevertheless "seems like a man holding the fort for a genuine star who never arrives". Although the medieval character of Balian of Ibelin is not well known to U.S. culture, many critics had strong notions of how Balian should be acted, as an "epic hero" with a strong presence. One critic conceded that Balian was more of a "brave and principled thinker-warrior" rather than a large, strong commander, and Balian used brains-over-brawn to gain advantage in battle.

Orlando Bloom was not playing the young comedic role of the "Pirates" movies, but rather an older, mature, bearded man, who, in his late thirties, was in military combat for years, and questioned what was worth risking death. Some critics noted his "acceptable performance" in light of the far more difficult role that this film required over his previous famous, but light parts. Orlando Bloom had gained 20 pounds for the part, and the Extended Director's Cut (detailed below) of Kingdom of Heaven reveals even more complex facets of Orlando Bloom's role, involving connections with unknown relatives, which even further complicate Balian's view of life and death. Despite the criticism, Orlando Bloom won two awards for his performance.

Online, general criticism has been also divided, but leaning towards the positive. As of early 2006, the Yahoo! Movies rating for Kingdom of Heaven was a "B" from the critics (based on 15 Reviews) and a "B" from Yahoo! users (based on 18,099 ratings). Both of these ratings equate to "good" according to Yahoo! Movie's rating system. Similarly, the rating (as of February 2006) on the Internet Movie Database was a 7.0 out of 10 (based on 24,284 votes). This rating falls below Gladiator (8.1), but well above some recent entries to its genre; for example Oliver Stone's Alexander (2004) (based on the life of Alexander the Great) received a 5.5, while Troy (2004) received an equivalent 7.0. Finally, the popular website Rotten Tomatoes found 68% of its users liking the film, though its survey of critics was a distinct 39%.

Academic criticism has focused on the supposed peaceful relationship between Christians and Muslims in Jerusalem and other cities depicted. Historians such as Jonathan Riley-Smith, quoted by The Daily Telegraph, called the film "dangerous to Arab relations", claiming the movie was Osama bin Laden's version of history" and would "fuel the Islamic fundamentalists". Riley-Smith, however, had not seen the film or read the final script when his quote was solicited by a reporter for The Daily Telegraph; he had been provided with an earlier draft, as had other persons quoted by the Telegraph. Fellow Crusade historians Jonathan Phillips and Amin Maalouf also spoke against the film, while Paul Halsall defended Scott, claiming that "historians can't criticize filmmakers for having to make the decisions they have to make... [Scott is] not writing a history textbook".

Scott himself defended this depiction of the Muslim-Christian relationship in footage on the DVD version of the movie's extra features. Scott sees this portrayal as being a contemporary look at the history. He argued that peace and brutality are concepts relative to one's own experience, and since our society today is so far removed from the brutal times in which the movie takes place, he told the story in a way that he felt was true to the source material yet was more accessible to a modern audience. In other words that the "peace" that existed was exaggerated to fit our ideas of what such a peace would be, because in the time it was a relative lull in Muslim-Christian violence during this period compared to the standards of the day.

The "Director's Cut" of the film is a 4-disc set, two of which are dedicated to a feature-length documentary called "The Path to Redemption." This feature contains an additional featurette on historical accuracy called "Creative Accuracy: The Scholars Speak", where a number of academics support the film's contemporary relevance and historical accuracy. Among these historians is Dr. Nancy Caciola, who said that despite the various inaccuracies and fictionalized/dramatised details:

I think that these sorts of decisions are ones that are warranted in these kinds of circumstances. Surely, there are some historians that will look at this [film] and point out some inaccuracies. But I would suggest that it is, really for the most part, a responsible depiction of the period.

Screenwriter William Monahan, who is a long-term enthusiast of the period, has said "If it isn't in, it doesn't mean we didn't know it... What you use, in drama, is what plays. Shakespeare did the same."

Caciola agreed with the fictionalization of characters on the grounds that "crafting a character who is someone the audience can identify with" is necessary in a film. She said that "I, as a professional, have spent much time with medieval people, so to speak, in the texts that I read; and quite honestly there are very few of them that if I met in the flesh I feel that I would be very fond of." This appears to echo the sentiments of Scott himself. However, for commercial reasons, it is inevitable that the DVD does not feature historians expressing more negative reactions.

The historical content and the religious and political messages present have received both praise and condemnation, sentiments and perceptions. It is claimed that Christianity is portrayed in an unfavorable light and the value of Christian belief is diminished, especially in the portrayal of Patriarch Heraclius (Eraclius). In several screenings in Beirut, Robert Fisk reported that Muslim audiences rose to their feet and applauded wildly during a scene in the film in which Saladin respectfully places a fallen crucifix back on top of a table after it had fallen during the 3 day siege of the city. Some of the varied reactions and interpretations, especially in the U.S., as to the film's accuracy probably reflect the film's controversial subject matter and messages in relation to current world events.

The movie was a box-office failure in the U.S. and Canada, earning $47 million against a budget of around $130 million, but was successful in Europe and the rest of the world, with the worldwide box office earnings totaling at $211,643,158. It was also a big success in Arabic speaking countries, especially Egypt. Director Ridley Scott insinuated that the U.S. failure of the film was the result of bad advertising which presented the film as an adventure with a great love story rather than as an examination of religious conflict. It's also been noted that the film was altered from its original version to be shorter and follow a more simple plot line. This "less sophisticated" version is what hit theaters, although Scott and some of his crew felt it was watered down, explaining that by editing, "You've gone in there and taken little bits from everything".

As a final note, like some other Ridley Scott films, Kingdom of Heaven found success on the DVD in the U.S., and the release of the Director's Cut has reinvigorated interest in the film. Nearly all reviews of the 2006 Director's Cut have been positive, including a four-star review in Britian's "Total Film" magazine (the publication's highest rating).

Extended Director's Cut

Around 40 to 60 minutes from the original version were cut for the theatrical version.

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Sibylla of Jerusalem (Eva Green) has a much more significant role in the director's cut.

An extended director's cut of the movie was released on December 23, 2005, at the Laemmle Fairfax Theatre in Los Angeles, unsupported by advertising from 20th Century Fox. This cut is approximately 45 minutes longer than the original theatrical cut. The DVD of the extended Director's Cut was released on May 23, 2006. It includes a four-disc box set with a runtime of 194 minutes, adding 49 minutes back into the film. Ridley Scott gave an insightful interview (watch it here) to STV on the occasion of the Director's Cut's UK release, when he discussed the motives and thinking behind the new version.

The Director's Cut has received a distinctly more positive reception from film critics than the theatrical release, with many reviews suggesting that it offers a much greater insight into the motivations of individual characters. Fans have likewise found it to be a vastly superior film, with some going to far as to call the DC Scott's best work. Scott and his crew have all stated that they consider the DC to be the true version of the film and the theatrical cut more of an action movie trailer for the real film.

It should be noted that Alexander Siddig in particular agitated for the release of a new cut to show more of the original plot.

Template:SpoilerThe new director's cut provides information that may change how some interpret several characters and the story arc:

• The village priest who taunts Balian and is killed by him is revealed to be his half-brother (his mother's son by her lawful husband), although the brothers are not initially aware of this. The animosity between them is shown as originating from the priest's coveting of the firstborn Balian's meager inheritance.
• Godfrey is not only the father of Balian but the younger brother of the village lord who believes that Godfrey is looking for his own son to be Godfrey's heir in Ibelin. It is this lord's son and heir who organises the attack on Godfrey's party in the forest and is subsequently killed.
• Both subplots above hinge on the firstborn son's right to exclusive inheritance: this is what apparently drove Godfrey to the Holy Land and the priest to his scheming against Balian.
• Baldwin IV is shown refusing the last sacrament from Patriarch Heraclius.
• Another major change is the re-insertion of the character of Baldwin V (who was shown in some of the trailers), the son of Sibylla by her first husband (William of Montferrat, not named in the film). The boy is crowned King after Baldwin IV's death, but is then discovered to have leprosy, like his uncle. His death is depicted as an act of euthanasia by his mother, using poison. Only then is Sibylla crowned queen and has Guy crowned, as in the theatrical version.
• Balian also fights a climactic duel with Guy near the end of the film, after Jerusalem is surrendered and Guy has been released by Saladin (an act intended to humiliate Guy in the eyes of his former subjects). Guy is humiliated furthermore by challenging Balian to a duel, being defeated, and then spared by Balian.
• More violence, blood and gore is re-inserted.
• A scene with Balian discussing his situation with the Hospitaller, which included the line "I go to pray" (featured in most trailers) is re-inserted.
• It is made clear that Guy de Lusignan knows that Sibylla is having an affair with Balian. He is however interested in her only for political reasons.
• It is explained in detail how Balian is so good at strategic fighting and also building siege engines.
• Saladin decapitates Raynald de Chatillon instead of only cutting his throat; this is generally believed to be rather more accurate historically.
• Sibylla is portrayed much more as a corrupt princess and un-predictable as she stated herself.

Details of Director's Cut DVD release:

Disc: Feature Presentation:

• 2.40:1 Anamorphic Widescreen
• English DD5.1 & DTS 5.1 Surround
• Spanish Dolby Surround
• French and Spanish subtitles

Disc 1: Director’s Cut Part One

• Introduction by Sir Ridley Scott
• Audio Commentary: Director Ridley Scott, Writer William Monahan, and Orlando Bloom.
• Audio Commentary: Executive Producer Lisa Ellzey, Visual Effects Supervisor Wes Sewell, and First Assistant Director Adam Somner.
• Audio Commentary: Film Editor Dody Dorn.
• The Engineer’s Guide: Technical & Production Reference Track

Disc 2: Director’s Cut Part Two

• Audio Commentary: Director Ridley Scott, Writer William Monahan, and Orlando Bloom. (Continued)
• Audio Commentary: Executive Producer Lisa Ellzey, Visual Effects Supervisor Wes Sewell, and First Assistant Director Adam Somner. (Continued)
• Audio Commentary: Film Editor Dody Dorn (Continued)
• The Engineer’s Guide: Technical & Production Reference Track (Continued)

Disc 3: The Path To Redemption – Part 1

• Development:
  • Part I: Good Intentions
  • "Tripoli" Overview
  • First Draft Screenplay by William Monahan
  • Story Notes by Ridley Scott and Lisa Ellzey
  • Location Scout Gallery

• Pre-Production:
  • Part II: Faith and Courage
  • Cast Rehearsals
  • Colors of the Crusade: Wardrobe, Armaments, and Heraldry
  • Ridleygrams
  • Production Design Primer
  • Production Design Gallery
  • Costume Design Gallery

• Production: Spain
  • Part III: The Pilgrimage Begins
  • Creative Accuracy: The Scholars Speak
  • Storyboard Galleries
    • Balian's Village
    • Forest Ambush
    • Pilgrim Road
  • Unit Photography Gallery

Disc 4: The Path To Redemption – Part 2

• Production: Morocco
  • Part IV: Into The Promised Land
  • Unholy War: Mounting The Siege
  • Storyboard Galleries
    • Kerak
    • Battle Preparations
    • The Siege
  • Unit Photography Gallery

• Post-Production:
  • Part V: The Burning Bush
  • Deleted & Extended Scenes (with commentary by Ridley Scott & Dody Dorn)
  • Sound Design Suite
    • Dialogue Editing
    • ADR
    • Foley
    • Sound Effects Mixing
    • Final Mix
  • Visual Effects Breakdowns by Wesley Sewell
    • The Burning Man
    • Building Jerusalem
    • Casualties of War
    • Medieval Engines

• Release:
  • Part VI: Sins and Absolution
  • Trailers & TV Spots
  • Press Junket Walkthrough
  • International Premieres: London, New York, & Tokyo
  • Special Shoot Gallery
  • Poster Explorations
  • Paradise Found: Creating the Director's Cut
  • Director's Cut Credits

Details of Director's Cut Blu-Ray release:

• 194 Minutes 50GB Dual Layer
• Video 1080p 2.35:1 MPEG 2 @ 24 MBPS
• Audio DTS 5.1 Master Lossless in English
• Subtitles in English, Spanish, French and Closed Captioned
• Smart Menu (floats over film playback, rather than stopping it)

Awards

Won (3)

European Film Awards:

• Audience Award - Best Actor (Orlando Bloom)

Satellite Awards:

• Outstanding Original Score (Harry Gregson-Williams)

VES Awards:

• Outstanding Supporting Visual Effects in a Motion Picture (Wes Sewell, Victoria Alonso, Tom Wood, Gary Brozenich)

Nominations (8)

Satellite Awards:

• Outstanding Actor in a Supporting Role, Drama (Edward Norton)
• Outstanding Art Direction & Production Design (Arthur Max)
• Outstanding Costume Design (Janty Yates)
• Outstanding Visual Effects (Tom Wood)

Teen Choice Awards:

• Choice Movie: Action/Adventure
• Choice Movie Actor: Action/Adventure/Thriller (Orlando Bloom)
• Choice Movie Liplock (Eva Green and Orlando Bloom)
• Choice Movie Love Scene (Eva Green and Orlando Bloom - Balian and Sibylla kiss)

References

• Scott, Ridley (2005). Kingdom of Heaven: The Making of the Ridley Scott Epic. New York: Newmarket Press. ISBN 1-55704-661-1.
• Hamilton, Bernard (2005). The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-01747-5. Retrieved 2006-07-08.
• Runciman, Steven (1987). A History of the Crusades (Vol 2) The Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. pp403-469. ISBN 0-521-34771-8. Retrieved 2006-07-08. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)

External links

• Official site
• Kingdom of Heaven at IMDb
• Kingdom of Heaven at Rotten Tomatoes
• Kingdom of Heaven at Box Office Mojo
• Kingdom of Heaven (2005) at Yahoo! Movies
• Kingdom of Heaven at Crusades-Enyclopedia
• Interview with Historians at Christianity Today
• Daily Telegraph article (reprinted by the Washington Times), with criticism from Riley-Smith and others
• In the Agora review
• Kingdom of heaven the real story, in french'