Dibothrosuchus: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
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|name = ''Dibothrosuchus'' |
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|fossil_range = [[Early Jurassic]] |
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|image = Dibothrosuchus BW.jpg |
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|image_width = 250px |
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|regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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|phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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|classis = [[Reptile|Sauropsida]] |
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|subclassis = [[Diapsida]] |
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|unranked_ordo = [[Archosauria]] |
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|superordo = [[Crocodylomorpha]] |
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|subordo = [[Sphenosuchia]] |
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|familia = [[Sphenosuchidae]] |
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|genus = '''''Dibothrosuchus''''' |
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|genus_authority=Simmons, 1965 |
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|subdivision_ranks=[[Species]] |
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|subdivision= |
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*''D. elaphros'' <small>Simmons, 1965 ([[type species|type]])</small> |
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}} |
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'''''Dibothrosuchus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[sphenosuchia]]n, a type of [[basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] [[crocodylomorpha|crocodylomorph]], the [[Cladistics|clade]] that comprises the [[crocodilia]]ns and their closest kin. It is known from several partial skeletons and skulls. These fossils were found in [[Lower Jurassic]] rocks of [[Yunnan]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]. ''Dibothrosuchus'' was a small terrestrial crocodylomorph that probably had a keen [[hearing (sense)|sense of hearing]], and thus was likely a vocal animal like modern crocodilians. |
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==History and description== |
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''Dibothrosuchus'' was named in 1965 by D.J. Simmons [[holotype|based on]] a partial skull and skeleton collected by Father Oehler of [[Fu Jen Catholic University]] from [[mudstone]]s near the village of Dawa. The [[type species]] is ''D. elaphros''.<ref name=DJS65>{{cite journal |last=Simmons |first=D.J. |year=1965 |title=The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China |journal=Fieldiana, Geology |volume=15 |pages=1–93}}</ref> Additional remains of this genus were recovered in 1985 by a joint Chinese-US expedition. Fossils of ''Dibothrosuchus'' come from the lower [[Lower Lufeng Series|Lufeng Formation]] (the Dark Red Beds). At least three partial skeletons and two skulls are known, along with isolated bones.<ref name=WC93>{{cite journal |last=Wu |first=Xiao-Chun |coauthors=and Chatterjee, Sankar |year=1993 |title=''Dibothrosuchus elaphros'', a crocodylomorph from the Lower Jurassic of China and the phylogeny of the Sphenosuchia |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=58–89}}</ref> ''Dibothrosuchus'' was first described as an [[ornithosuchidae|ornithosuchid]] [[thecodont]],<ref name=DJS65/> but it was later reclassified as a [[sphenosuchidae|sphenosuchid]] sphenosuchian. A second species, ''D. xingsuensis'', was named by Wu in 1986. After reexamination of the [[holotype]] Wu and [[Sankar Chatterjee|Chatterjee]] found ''D. xingsuensis'' to be a synonym of ''D. elaphros'', leaving only one species in the genus.<ref name=WC93/> |
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''Dibothrosuchus'' was not a large animal. From the tip of the snout to the [[occipital condyle]], the skull of [[Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology|IVPP]] V 7907 is only {{convert|164|mm|in}} long, and the body length of the individual is estimated as {{convert|1.3|m|ft}}. In general form, ''Dibothrosuchus'' was a slender, long-tailed and long-limbed [[quadruped]] with a pointed snout. Unlike modern crocodilians, it was a terrestrial animal. The upper jaws had five small teeth per [[premaxilla]] (snout-tip bones) and seventeen per [[maxilla]], with a small hole between the maxilla and premaxilla for an enlarged tooth in the lower jaw to fit. At least eleven teeth were present on each side of the lower jaw. Several small ridges were present on the top of the skull. The various parts of the skull that supported hearing were well-developed, indicating that ''Dibothrosuchus'' had a keen sense of hearing and likely was a vocal animal that could communicate with others of the same genus, like modern crocodilians. Two rows of [[osteoderm|armor plates]] ran along the midline of the spine.<ref name=WC93/> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{portal|Paleontology}} |
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{{Basal crocodylomorphs}} |
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[[Category:Prehistoric reptiles of Asia]] |
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[[Category:Jurassic crocodylomorpha]] |
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[[Category:Terrestrial crocodiles]] |
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[[zh:裂頭鱷]] |
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Revision as of 02:15, 13 March 2009
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