Vayeshev

Vayeshev or Vayeishev (Hebrew for “and he lived,” the first word of the parshah) is the ninth weekly parshah or portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis 37:1–40:23. Jews in the Diaspora read it the ninth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in December.

Summary

Main article: Genesis

Joseph the dreamer

Joseph, Jacob's favorite son, was hated by his brothers on account of his dreams prognosticating his future dominion. On the advice of Judah, Joseph was secretly sold to a caravan of Ishmaelitic merchants going to Egypt. His brothers told their father that a wild animal devoured Joseph. Joseph, carried to Egypt, was there sold as a slave to Potiphar, one of Pharaoh's officials.

Judah and Tamar

Tamar was married to Judah’s eldest son, Er. (Gen. 38:6). After Er died, Tamar married Onan, his brother. (Gen. 38:8). On Onan’s death, Judah promised Tamar that his third son, Shelah, would become her husband. This promise was not fulfilled. Tamar disguised herself as a temple prostitute and offered herself to her father-in-law Judah. She claimed his staff and signet as pledge of payment. When she later became pregnant and Judah accused her of fornication, she produced the staff and signet and identified Judah himself as the father.

Joseph and Potiphar

Joseph gained Potiphar’s confidence. But when Potiphar’s wife, unable to seduce him, accuses him falsely, he was cast into prison. There he correctly interpreted the dreams of two of his fellow prisoners, the king's butler and baker.

Commandments

According to Maimonides and Sefer HaHinnuch, there are no commandments in the parshah.

Haftarah

The haftarah for the parshah is Amos 2:6–3:8.

References in Classical Sources

The parshah is cited or discussed in these classical sources:

• Philo, On the Unchangeableness of God 25:119
• Josephus, Antiquities 2:2:1–2:5:3.
• Mishnah: Megillah 4:10.
• Tosefta: Berachot 4:16; 4:18; Sanhedrin 1:3; Sotah 6:6; 9:3; Niddah 1:7.
• Babylonian Talmud: Berachot 7b, 34b, 43b, 55a; Shabbat 22a, 49b; Pesachim 50a; Yoma 35b; Megillah 10b, 22b; Chagigah 3a; Yevamot 34b, 59a; Ketubot 67b; Nazir 23a, 23b; Sotah 3b, 7b, 9a, 10a, 10b, 11a, 13b, 36b, 43a; Baba Kama 92a; Baba Metzia 59a, 117a; Baba Batra 109b, 123a; Sanhedrin 6b, 19b, 52b, 102a, 106a; Shevuot 16b; Makkot 9a,10a, 23b; Avodah Zarah 5a, 36b; Horayot 10b; Zevachim 88b; Chullin 92a, 113a; Arachin 15b, 16a; Niddah 8b, 13a, 13b, 28a.
• Qur'an: 12:4–42.

External links

• Parashat Vayeshev
• Masoretic text and 1917 JPS translation