Hashimoto's encephalopathy: Difference between revisions
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'''Hashimoto's Encephalopathy''' is a very rare condition associated with [[Hashimoto's Thyroiditis]] first described in 1966. It is classified as a [[neuroendocrine]] disorder. |
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'''Hashimoto's Encephalopathy''' is a very rare condition associated with [[Hashimoto's Thyroiditis]]. Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is a [[neuroendocrine]] disorder. Thyroid antibodies in the disease are increased but do not correlate with the severity. Some of the most common symptoms of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy include: disorientation, [[psychosis]], tremors, concentration and memory problems, jerks in the muscles and lack of coordination, headaches, partial [[paralysis]] on the right side, speech problems, [[seizures]] and [[coma]]. Sometimes, patients are mistakenly diagnosed as having had a stroke, or having [[Alzheimer's disease]]. Because most patients respond to [[steroids]] or [[immunosuppressant]] treatment, this condition is now also referred to as "[[steroid]]-responsive" encephalopathy. |
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==Clinical features== |
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Some of the most common symptoms of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy include: disorientation, [[psychosis]], tremors, concentration and memory problems, jerks in the muscles and lack of coordination, headaches, partial [[paralysis]] on the right side, speech problems, [[seizures]] and [[coma]]. |
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==Laboratory and radiological findings== |
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Thyroid antibodies in the disease are increased but do not correlate with the severity. |
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==Differential diagnosis== |
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Sometimes, patients are mistakenly diagnosed as having had a stroke, or having [[Alzheimer's disease]]. |
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==Treatment== |
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Because most patients respond to [[steroids]] or [[immunosuppressant]] treatment, this condition is now also referred to as [[steroid]]-responsive encephalopathy. |
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==Aetiology== |
==Aetiology== |
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The mechanism of pathogensis is not known but it has been assumed to be an autoimmune disorder. Consistent with this hypothesis [[alpha-enolase]] has been identified as an [[autoantigen]] in the disease.<ref name="Yoneda_2007_Hashimoto">Yoneda M, Fujii A, Ito A, Yokoyama H, Nakagawa H, Kuriyama M. ''High prevalence of serum autoantibodies against the amino terminal of alpha-enolase in Hashimoto's encephalopathy.'' J Neuroimmunol. 2007 Apr;185(1-2):195-200. Epub 2007 Mar 1. PMID 17335908 </ref> |
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==Alternative names== |
==Alternative names== |
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Revision as of 13:22, 24 February 2010
Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is a very rare condition associated with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis first described in 1966. It is classified as a neuroendocrine disorder.
Clinical features
Some of the most common symptoms of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy include: disorientation, psychosis, tremors, concentration and memory problems, jerks in the muscles and lack of coordination, headaches, partial paralysis on the right side, speech problems, seizures and coma.
Laboratory and radiological findings
Thyroid antibodies in the disease are increased but do not correlate with the severity.
Differential diagnosis
Sometimes, patients are mistakenly diagnosed as having had a stroke, or having Alzheimer's disease.
Treatment
Because most patients respond to steroids or immunosuppressant treatment, this condition is now also referred to as steroid-responsive encephalopathy.
Aetiology
The mechanism of pathogensis is not known but it has been assumed to be an autoimmune disorder. Consistent with this hypothesis alpha-enolase has been identified as an autoantigen in the disease.[1]
Alternative names
- Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, SREAT
- Sometimes also mentioned as nonvasculitic autoimmune meningoencephalitis, NAIM
External links
- An article on Hashimoto's encephalopathy
- [1]
- Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12517-2, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with
|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12517-2instead.
References
- ^ Yoneda M, Fujii A, Ito A, Yokoyama H, Nakagawa H, Kuriyama M. High prevalence of serum autoantibodies against the amino terminal of alpha-enolase in Hashimoto's encephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol. 2007 Apr;185(1-2):195-200. Epub 2007 Mar 1. PMID 17335908