List of Jewish ethnonyms

This article lists the ethnonyms of the Jewish people in various linguistic contexts. See the article Jew, Jew (word) and the Footnotes for etymological and other information. This article does not cover ethnic slurs.

Arabic	يهودي Yahūdī (sl.); يهود Yahūd (pl.) بني إسرائيل Banī Israel عبري ʕibrī
Basque	Judu or judutar
Bulgarian	Евреин, evrein (masc.); еврейка, evreika (fem.); евреи, evrei (pl.); юдеи, yudei (pl., archaic)
Catalan	Jueu (masc. sig.); jueus (masc. pl.), jueva (fem. sing.); jueves (fem. pl.)
Chinese	猶太人, Chinese, Traditional
	犹太人, Chinese, Simplified, pinyin: Yóutài Rén
Croatian	Židov
Czech	Žid (as a member of nation) or žid (as a confessor of Judaism)
Dutch	Jood
Ancient Egyptian	Possibly Habiru2; Ishrail (Israel, cf. Israel Stela)
English	Jews1
	Hebrews2
	Israelites or Children of Israel3
Esperanto	Judoj. L.L. Zamenhof described himself as hebreo.
Estonian	Juut
Finnish	Juutalainen
French	Juif (masc.); Juive (fem.)
Galego	Xudeu (masc. sing.); Xudía (fem. sing.); Xudeus (masc. pl.); Xudías (fem. pl.)
Georgian	ებრელი, Ebreli
German	Jude (masc.); Jüdin (fem.); Juden (pl.)
Greek	Template:Polytonic, Ioudaios1
	Template:Polytonic, Hebraios (from Evrei)2
	Template:Polytonic, Israelites (from Israel)3
Hebrew	יהודי, Yehudi (sl.); יהודים, Yehudim (pl.) 1
	עברי, Ivri (sl.); עברים, Ivrim2
	בני ישׂראל, Bnei Yisrael (pl.)3
Hindi	Yahudi
Hungarian	Zsidó
Icelandic	gyðingur (sl.)
Indonesian/Malay	Yahudi, Banī Israel
Italian	Ebreo (masc. sing.); ebrei (masc. pl.); ebrea (fem. sing.); ebree (fem. pl.)
Japanese	ユダヤ人, Yudayajin
Korean	유태인, Yutae-in
Kurdish	Cihû, Mûsayî/مووسایی, Cûleke/جوله که
Ladino	djudio, Judio (singular)
	los ebreos (the Jews)
Latin	Iudaeus1
Latvian	Ebrejs
Lithuanian	Žydai
Norwegian	Jøde
Ojibwe	Zhoodawi (from the French: judéité) or Joowiwi (from the English: Jew)
Persian	جهود or يهود -- Johud (Persian) or Yahūdī (from Arabic); former sometimes considered pejorative.
	کلیمی, Kalimi (religious) a follower of Kalim Allah, also a euphemism for Johud.
Polish	Żyd
Portuguese	Judeu ; judeus (masc. pl.); judia ; judias (fem. pl.). Also hebreus and israelitas (both masc. pl.)
Romanian	Evreu, israelit, jidov(archaic), ovrei (archaic and demeaning), jidan (highly pejorative)
Russian	Еврей, Yevrey (sl.); Евреи, Yevrei2 (pl.): Typically denotes the ethnicity (национальность - natsional'nost'); жид, zhid (masc. sing) (pejorative), жидовка, zhidovka (fem. sing.)
	Иудей, Iudey (sl.); Иудеи, Iudei1 (pl.): Typically denotes the followers of Judaism.
Serbian	Јевреј Jevrej
Slovak	Žid
Spanish	Judío (m. sing) Judía (f. sing) Judíos (plu) Judías (f. plu)
	Hebreo (m. sing) Hebrea (f. sing) Hebreos (plu) Hebreas (f. plu)
	Israelita (sing) Isrealitas (plu) as in the Alianza Israelita Argentina.
Swahili	Yahudi
Swedish	Jude
Tagalog	Hudyo, Israelita (both derived from Spanish)
Thai	คนยิว, khon yiu (from the English: Jew)
Tibetan	Yahutapa
Ukrainian	Єврей (sl.); євреї (pl.)
Vietnamese	người Do Thái
Turkish	Yahudi, Çıfıt (religious) something related to, or a follower of Judaism, latter usually considered pejorative.
	Musevi, (religious) a follower of Moses, also a euphemism for Yahudi.
	İbrani, (ethnic) a Hebrew.
Yiddish	איד,ייִד Yid1 (pronounced [ˈjid]) (sl.); ייִדן, Yiden (pronounced [ˈjidn]) (pl.)

No longer in use

• In the period preceding and during the British Mandate of Palestine, Jews who lived there were called (and also called themselves) Palestinian Jews or simply Palestinians, but after the emergence of Arab Palestinian nationalism and the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, the term "Palestinians" came to be used almost exclusively for Palestinian Arabs. (See Definitions of Palestine:Palestinian and Zionism)

See also

• Etymology of the word Jew

Footnotes

• ¹ Yehudi, Jewish, a "Judaean", "from the land of Yehuda (Judah, Judea)".
• ² Ivri, Hebrew, "one who passes over", a reference to the Biblical patriarch Abraham (or possibly Eber).
• ³ Israel, "one who has struggled with God", the name given to the Biblical patriarch Jacob.