Mitraphylline: Difference between revisions
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'''Mitraphylline''', an [[oxindole]] derivative, is an active [[alkaloid]] in the leaves of the trees [[Mitragyna Speciosa]], commonly known as [[Kratom]]. As a non-narcotic constituent, it also occurs to a signficant amount in the bark of ''[[Uncaria tomentosa]]'', Cat’s Claw, along with a number of [[isomeric]] alkaloids.<ref> H. Stuppner, S. Sturm, and G. Konwalinka, (1992). "HPLC analysis of the main oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa". ''Chromatographia'' '''34''' 11-12; 597-604. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/fl4561711451445g/ doi:10.1007/bf02269869] </ref> Due to its structural similarity to [[Mitragynine]] and [[7-Hydroxymitragynine]] from [[Kratom]], effects on mu and Delta opiate receptors as well as NMDA-antagonistic actions have been postulated. |
'''Mitraphylline''', an [[oxindole]] derivative, is an active [[alkaloid]] in the leaves of the trees [[Mitragyna Speciosa]], commonly known as [[Kratom]]. As a non-narcotic constituent, it also occurs to a signficant amount in the bark of ''[[Uncaria tomentosa]]'', Cat’s Claw, along with a number of [[isomeric]] alkaloids.<ref> H. Stuppner, S. Sturm, and G. Konwalinka, (1992). "HPLC analysis of the main oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa". ''Chromatographia'' '''34''' 11-12; 597-604. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/fl4561711451445g/ doi:10.1007/bf02269869] </ref> Due to its structural similarity to [[Mitragynine]] and [[7-Hydroxymitragynine]] from [[Kratom]], effects on mu and Delta opiate receptors as well as NMDA-antagonistic actions have been postulated. |
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Current research is focussing on [[antiproliferative]] and [[cytotoxic]] effects and its in-vivo efficacy to induce [[apoptosis]] in human [[breast cancer]], [[sarcoma]] as well as lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines. <ref> García Giménez D, García Prado E, Sáenz Rodríguez T, Fernández Arche A, De la Puerta R. (2010). “Cytotoxic effect of the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid mitraphylline isolated from Uncaria tomentosa bark on human Ewing's sarcoma and breast cancer cell lines”. ''Planta Med'' '''76''' (2): 133-136. PMID 19724995 </ref> <ref> Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, Stuppner H, Ausserlechner MJ, Kofler R, Konwalinka G. (2006). “Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells“. ''Br J. Haematol |
Current research is focussing on [[antiproliferative]] and [[cytotoxic]] effects and its in-vivo efficacy to induce [[apoptosis]] in human [[breast cancer]], [[sarcoma]] as well as lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines. <ref> García Giménez D, García Prado E, Sáenz Rodríguez T, Fernández Arche A, De la Puerta R. (2010). “Cytotoxic effect of the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid mitraphylline isolated from Uncaria tomentosa bark on human Ewing's sarcoma and breast cancer cell lines”. ''Planta Med'' '''76''' (2): 133-136. PMID 19724995 </ref> <ref> Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, Stuppner H, Ausserlechner MJ, Kofler R, Konwalinka G. (2006). “Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells“. ''Br. J. Haematol''. : '''132''' (5): 615-622. PMID 16445836 </ref> |
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Revision as of 23:28, 6 October 2010
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Mitraphylline
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| Identifiers | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.370 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C21H24N2O4 | |
| Molar mass | 368.1736 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Mitraphylline, an oxindole derivative, is an active alkaloid in the leaves of the trees Mitragyna Speciosa, commonly known as Kratom. As a non-narcotic constituent, it also occurs to a signficant amount in the bark of Uncaria tomentosa, Cat’s Claw, along with a number of isomeric alkaloids.[1] Due to its structural similarity to Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine from Kratom, effects on mu and Delta opiate receptors as well as NMDA-antagonistic actions have been postulated.
Current research is focussing on antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects and its in-vivo efficacy to induce apoptosis in human breast cancer, sarcoma as well as lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines. [2] [3]
See also
References
- ^ H. Stuppner, S. Sturm, and G. Konwalinka, (1992). "HPLC analysis of the main oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa". Chromatographia 34 11-12; 597-604. doi:10.1007/bf02269869
- ^ García Giménez D, García Prado E, Sáenz Rodríguez T, Fernández Arche A, De la Puerta R. (2010). “Cytotoxic effect of the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloid mitraphylline isolated from Uncaria tomentosa bark on human Ewing's sarcoma and breast cancer cell lines”. Planta Med 76 (2): 133-136. PMID 19724995
- ^ Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, Stuppner H, Ausserlechner MJ, Kofler R, Konwalinka G. (2006). “Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells“. Br. J. Haematol. : 132 (5): 615-622. PMID 16445836