Hans Globke: Difference between revisions

Hans Globke
Hans Globke
Born	Hans Josef Maria Globke; September 10, 1898; Düsseldorf, Germany
Died	February 13, 1973 (aged 74)
Nationality	German
Occupation(s)	Lawyer, Politician
Known for	Advisor to Konrad Adenauer
Political party	CDU
Spouse	Augusta Vaillant

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Hans Josef Maria Globke (/[invalid input: 'icon']ɡloʊbki/ glōb-kē; Template:Lang-de; 10 September 1898 – 13 February 1973) was a high-ranking public servant after World War II in the Federal Republic of Germany. His crass antisemitic activities as a civil servant before and specially during the Nazi time resulted in controversies after the war that troubled his protector and only supervisor Konrad Adenauer.

Early life and studies

Globke was born in Düsseldorf, Rhine Province, to Josef Globke and his wife Sophie (née Erberich), both Roman Catholics and Centre Party-supporters. Shortly after Hans Globke's birth the family moved to Aachen, where his father opened a draper's shop. When he finished high school at the Catholic Kaiser-Karl-Gymnasium in 1916, he was drafted into the army until 1918. After World War I, he studied Law and Political Sciences at the universities of Bonn and Cologne, graduating in 1922 from the University of Gießen with a dissertation on the immunity of the members of the Reichs- and Landtags.

During his studies - having joined while being enlisted in the army - he was a member of Katholische Deutsche Studentenverbindung Bavaria Bonn, which was the local chapter of the Cartellverband. The close contacts with fellow KdStV-members together with his membership since 1922 in the Catholic Centre Party played a significant role in his later political life. In 1934, he married Augusta Vaillant, the sister of a fellow fraternity member.

Pre-World War II service and Nazi activity

Having finished his Assessorexamen in 1924, he was briefly active as a judge in the police court of Aachen, after which he climbed to vice police-chief of Aachen in 1925 and Regierungsassessor in 1926. In December 1929, Globke entered the Higher Civil Service at the Prussian Ministry of the Interior.

In November 1932, about one year before right-wing parties made Hitler chancellor, Globke wrote a set of rules to make it harder in Prussia for Germans of Jewish ancestry to change their last names into less recognizably Jewish names, albeit no similar limitations existed for other Germans; and he followed up with the guidelines for implementation in December 1932.

He helped to formulate the "emergency" legislation that gave Hitler unlimited dictatorial powers in march 1933. He was also the author of the law of 10 July 1933 concerning the dissolution of the Prussian State Council , and of further legislation which 'co-ordinated' all Prussian parliamentary bodies.^[1]

He co-authored the official legal commentary on the new Reich Citizenship Law, one of the Nuremberg Laws introduced at the Nazi Party Congress in September 1935, which revoked the citizenship of German Jews ^[1]^[2] and co-authored various legal regulations, such as an ordinance that required Jews with non-Jewish names to take on the additional first names of Israel or Sara, an "improvement" of public records that later facilitated to a great extent the rounding up and deportation of the Jews during the Holocaust.^[3] He also served as chief legal advisor in the Office for Jewish Affairs in the Ministry of Interior, the section headed by Adolf Eichmann that implemented the Holocaust bureaucratically.^[4]

In 1938, Globke was appointed Ministerialrat (Deputy Director) due to his "extraordinary efforts in drafting the law for the Protection of the German Blood".

His membership application for the Nazi Party was rejected on 24 October 1940 by Martin Bormann, reportedly due to his former membership in the Centre Party, which represented Roman Catholic voters in Weimar Germany.^[5]

Post-World War II public service and controversy

He was Director of the Federal Chancellory of West Germany between 1953 and 1963 and as such was one of the closest aides to Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. As Adenauer - and everyone else - knew of his previous career, the Chancellor could be assured of his absolute loyalty.

Globke's key position as a national security advisor to Adenauer despite his known involvement with the Nuremberg Laws made both the West German government and CIA officials wary of exposing his past.

This led for instance to the withholding of Adolf Eichmann's alias from the Israeli government and Nazi hunters in the late 1950s, and CIA pressure in 1960 on Life magazine to delete references to Globke from its recently obtained Eichmann memoirs.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Honours and awards

Template:German

Works

Globke, Hans (1922). Die Immunität der Mitglieder des Reichstages und der Landtage. Gießen, Germany: n/a.

Stuckart, Wilhelm (1936). Kommentar zur deutschen Rassengesetzgebung. Munich, Germany: n/a. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

References

^ ^a ^b Wistrich, Robert (2002). Who's Who in Nazi Germany. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26038-8.
^ Template:Pl icon Bartosz Wieliński (2006). "CIA kryła Eichmanna". Gazeta Wyborcza (2006–06–08). Retrieved 2006-06-08. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
^ http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,754133-2,00.html
^ http://www.spiritone.com/~gdy52150/betrayalp12.htm
^ Norbert Jacobs (1992). "Der Streit um Dr. Hans Globke in der öffentlichen Meinung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1949-1973". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Yen, Hope (June 6, 2006). "Papers: CIA knew of Eichmann whereabouts". Associated Press. Retrieved 2006-06-07. ^{[dead link‍]}
^ Shane, Scott (June 6, 2006). "Documents Shed Light on CIA's Use of Ex-Nazis". The New York Times. Retrieved 2006-06-07.
^ Weber, Gaby (March 4, 2011). "Die Entführungslegende oder: Wie kam Eichmann nach Jerusalem?". Deutschlandradio. Retrieved 2011-03-05.
^ "Reply to a parliamentary question" (pdf) (in German). p. 26. Retrieved 2 October 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)

Bibliography

Tetens, T.H. The New Germany and the Old Nazis. Random House/Marzani & Munsel, New York, 1961. LCN 61-7240.

Template:Persondata

[wistrich2002-1] Wistrich, Robert (2002). Who's Who in Nazi Germany. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26038-8.

[Wieliński-2] Template:Pl icon Bartosz Wieliński (2006). "CIA kryła Eichmanna". Gazeta Wyborcza (2006–06–08). Retrieved 2006-06-08. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)

[3] ttp://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,754133-2,00.html

[4] ttp://www.spiritone.com/~gdy52150/betrayalp12.htm

[jacobs1992-5] Norbert Jacobs (1992). "Der Streit um Dr. Hans Globke in der öffentlichen Meinung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1949-1973". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[ap20060606-6] Yen, Hope (June 6, 2006). "Papers: CIA knew of Eichmann whereabouts". Associated Press. Retrieved 2006-06-07. ^{[dead link‍]}

[nytimes20060606-7] Shane, Scott (June 6, 2006). "Documents Shed Light on CIA's Use of Ex-Nazis". The New York Times. Retrieved 2006-06-07.

[dradio20110304-8] Weber, Gaby (March 4, 2011). "Die Entführungslegende oder: Wie kam Eichmann nach Jerusalem?". Deutschlandradio. Retrieved 2011-03-05.

[9] "Reply to a parliamentary question" (pdf) (in German). p. 26. Retrieved 2 October 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |trans_title= (help)

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@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 He co-authored the official legal commentary on the new Reich Citizenship Law, one of the [[Nuremberg Laws]] introduced at the Nazi Party Congress in September 1935, which revoked the citizenship of German [[Jew]]s <ref name="wistrich2002"/><ref name="Wieliński">{{pl icon}} {{cite journal | author = Bartosz Wieliński | year = 2006 | month =  | title = CIA kryła Eichmanna
- | journal = [[Gazeta Wyborcza]] | volume =  | issue = 2006–06–08 | pages =  | url = http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,53600,3401959.html | accessdate = 2006-06-08 }}</ref> and co-authored various legal regulations, such as an ordinance that required Jews with non-Jewish names to take on the additional first names of Israel or Sara.<ref>http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,754133-2,00.html</ref> He also served as chief legal advisor in the Office for Jewish Affairs in the Ministry of Interior, the section headed by Adolf Eichmann that implemented the Holocaust bureaucratically.<ref>http://www.spiritone.com/~gdy52150/betrayalp12.htm</ref>
+ | journal = [[Gazeta Wyborcza]] | volume =  | issue = 2006–06–08 | pages =  | url = http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/1,53600,3401959.html | accessdate = 2006-06-08 }}</ref> and co-authored various legal regulations, such as an ordinance that required Jews with non-Jewish names to take on the additional first names of Israel or Sara, an "improvement" of public records that later facilitated to a great extent the rounding up and deportation of the Jews during the Holocaust.<ref>http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,754133-2,00.html</ref> He also served as chief legal advisor in the Office for Jewish Affairs in the Ministry of Interior, the section headed by Adolf Eichmann that implemented the Holocaust bureaucratically.<ref>http://www.spiritone.com/~gdy52150/betrayalp12.htm</ref>
 In 1938, Globke was appointed Ministerialrat (Deputy Director) due to his "extraordinary efforts in drafting the law for the Protection of the German Blood".