Felted: Difference between revisions
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'''Felted''' is a term variously applied to hairy material that is densely packed or tangled, forming [[felt]] or felt-like structures. Apart from fibres in |
'''Felted''' is a term variously applied to hairy or otherwise filamentous material that is densely packed or tangled, forming [[felt]] or felt-like structures. Apart from fibres in felted fabric manufactured by humans, the term "felted" may apply to the condition of hair such as in the pathological condition known as [[Plica neuropathica|felted hair]], or it may apply to the tangled threads of the tissue of certain fungi, to matted fibres in animal connective tissue, or the felted coating of certain plants. To say that something is felted need not imply that any processes of matting, condensing and pressing fibres have been applied such the processes used in artificial production of felt fabric. |
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==Zoology== |
==Zoology== |
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Examples of |
Examples of the description of animal tissues as "felted" include classes of [[connective tissue]] such as the [[dermis]] which the classic ''Gray's Anatomy'' describes as: "felted connective tissue, with a varying amount of elastic fibers and numerous bloodvessels, lymphatics, and nerves." Also, in describing the external coat or ''[[Tunica externa (vessels)|tunica adventitia]]'' of an artery, Gray says: "...consists mainly of fine and closely felted bundles of white connective tissue..." In such classes of connective tissue the felted structure is very important; it is versatile in resisting tearing and imparts strength together with shock absorption and elasticity in two or three dimensions at once, irrespective of the shape of the tissue.<ref>Vogel, Steven. Cats' Paws and Catapults. Chapter 5. Penguin 1999. ISBN: 0-14-027733-1</ref> |
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[[File:Icerya purchasi 1.JPG|thumb|Australian bug female on her fibrous waxy protection for the eggs.]] |
[[File:Icerya purchasi 1.JPG|thumb|Australian bug female on her fibrous waxy protection for the eggs.]] |
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[[File:Cochenille z02.jpg|thumb|Cochineal females. Note that the white waxy fibre does not cover the insect, but rather the eggs.]] |
[[File:Cochenille z02.jpg|thumb|Cochineal females. Note that the white waxy fibre does not cover the insect, but rather the eggs.]] |
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[[File:Phyllaphis fagi infestation.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Phyllaphis fagi]]'', Eriosomatinae, woolly beech aphid on a leaf.]] |
[[File:Phyllaphis fagi infestation.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Phyllaphis fagi]]'', Eriosomatinae, woolly beech aphid on a leaf.]] |
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Other examples of felted material in animal structures include fibrous structures coating the [[integument]] of some insects. Usually such a felted coating is not living tissue, but consists of waxy fibres and is not particularly strong, but serves as protection from either excessive desiccation or moisture. It is particularly common in some families of the [[Hemiptera]]. In some species it occurs only as an outer coat of the immature insect, but in others, such as many of the [[Coccoidea]], including the "Australian bug", ''[[Icerya purchasi]]'' and [[cochineal]], ''Dactylopius'' species, it is secreted throughout the life of the insect and serves largely to protect the eggs rather than the insect. In other species, such as many of the "woolly aphids", the [[Eriosomatinae]], the most spectacular fluff is borne on the adult insect itself. |
Other examples of felted material in animal structures include fibrous structures coating the [[integument]] of some insects. Usually such a felted coating is not living tissue, but consists of waxy fibres and is not particularly strong, but serves as protection from either excessive desiccation or moisture. It is particularly common in some families of the [[Hemiptera]]. In some species it occurs only as an outer coat of the immature insect, but in others, such as many of the [[Coccoidea]], including the "Australian bug", ''[[Icerya purchasi]]'' and [[cochineal]], ''Dactylopius'' species, it is secreted throughout the life of the insect and serves largely to protect the eggs rather than the insect.<ref name= "isbn1-86872-713-0">{{cite book |author=Alan Weaving; Mike Picker; Griffiths, Charles Llewellyn |title=Field Guide to Insects of South Africa |publisher=New Holland Publishers, Ltd |location= |year=2003 |pages= |isbn=1-86872-713-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> In other species, such as many of the "woolly aphids", the [[Eriosomatinae]], the most spectacular fluff is borne on the adult insect itself.<ref>Costa, James T. The Other Insect Societies. Chapter 9. Publisher: Belknap Press 2006. ISBN: 978-0674021631</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Human hair]] |
[[Category:Human hair]] |
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Revision as of 20:10, 8 November 2012
Felted is a term variously applied to hairy or otherwise filamentous material that is densely packed or tangled, forming felt or felt-like structures. Apart from fibres in felted fabric manufactured by humans, the term "felted" may apply to the condition of hair such as in the pathological condition known as felted hair, or it may apply to the tangled threads of the tissue of certain fungi, to matted fibres in animal connective tissue, or the felted coating of certain plants. To say that something is felted need not imply that any processes of matting, condensing and pressing fibres have been applied such the processes used in artificial production of felt fabric.
Zoology
Examples of the description of animal tissues as "felted" include classes of connective tissue such as the dermis which the classic Gray's Anatomy describes as: "felted connective tissue, with a varying amount of elastic fibers and numerous bloodvessels, lymphatics, and nerves." Also, in describing the external coat or tunica adventitia of an artery, Gray says: "...consists mainly of fine and closely felted bundles of white connective tissue..." In such classes of connective tissue the felted structure is very important; it is versatile in resisting tearing and imparts strength together with shock absorption and elasticity in two or three dimensions at once, irrespective of the shape of the tissue.[1]
Other examples of felted material in animal structures include fibrous structures coating the integument of some insects. Usually such a felted coating is not living tissue, but consists of waxy fibres and is not particularly strong, but serves as protection from either excessive desiccation or moisture. It is particularly common in some families of the Hemiptera. In some species it occurs only as an outer coat of the immature insect, but in others, such as many of the Coccoidea, including the "Australian bug", Icerya purchasi and cochineal, Dactylopius species, it is secreted throughout the life of the insect and serves largely to protect the eggs rather than the insect.[2] In other species, such as many of the "woolly aphids", the Eriosomatinae, the most spectacular fluff is borne on the adult insect itself.[3]
References
- ^ Vogel, Steven. Cats' Paws and Catapults. Chapter 5. Penguin 1999. ISBN: 0-14-027733-1
- ^ Alan Weaving; Mike Picker; Griffiths, Charles Llewellyn (2003). Field Guide to Insects of South Africa. New Holland Publishers, Ltd. ISBN 1-86872-713-0.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Costa, James T. The Other Insect Societies. Chapter 9. Publisher: Belknap Press 2006. ISBN: 978-0674021631