Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall: Difference between revisions
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Provided reference that it was a filament. Plus data for its distance. |
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==Physical characteristics== |
==Physical characteristics== |
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The said structure was a [[galactic filament]], or a huge group of galaxies assembled by gravity. The astonishing structure was found with the help of data from the [[Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission|Swift Spacecraft]] that tracks down [[gamma-ray burst]]s, large cosmic explosions of [[gamma ray]]s of distant stars heralding the birth of new [[black hole]]s. |
The said structure was a [[galactic filament]]<ref name=HHB>{{cite journal|last = Horvath I. |first = Hakkila J.|coauthors = Bagoly Z. |title = The largest structure of the Universe, defined by Gamma-Ray Bursts|journal = |volume = |issue = |pages = |year = 2013|doi = |arxiv=1311.1104|bibcode = }}</ref>, or a huge group of galaxies assembled by gravity. The astonishing structure was found with the help of data from the [[Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission|Swift Spacecraft]] that tracks down [[gamma-ray burst]]s, large cosmic explosions of [[gamma ray]]s of distant stars heralding the birth of new [[black hole]]s. |
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The structure was named from its location, in the [[constellation]]s [[Hercules (constellation)|Hercules]] and [[Corona Borealis]]<ref name=conundrum/>. |
The structure was named from its location, in the [[constellation]]s [[Hercules (constellation)|Hercules]] and [[Corona Borealis]]<ref name=conundrum/>. It is at [[redshift]] 1, corresponding to a distance of approximately 10 billion light-years away<ref name=HHB/>. |
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==Homogeneity problem== |
==Homogeneity problem== |
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Revision as of 08:58, 23 November 2013
The Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall is a huge superstructure of galaxies that measures more than 10 billion light years across.[1][2] It was the largest and the most massive structure known in the observable universe.
This huge structure was discovered in November 2013 by a mapping of gamma ray bursts that occurs in the distant universe.[1][2]
Physical characteristics
The said structure was a galactic filament[3], or a huge group of galaxies assembled by gravity. The astonishing structure was found with the help of data from the Swift Spacecraft that tracks down gamma-ray bursts, large cosmic explosions of gamma rays of distant stars heralding the birth of new black holes.
The structure was named from its location, in the constellations Hercules and Corona Borealis[1]. It is at redshift 1, corresponding to a distance of approximately 10 billion light-years away[3].
Homogeneity problem
According to the cosmological principle, the random fluctuations in quantities such as the matter density between different regions of the universe are small. Different data approves this and found out that scales exceeding this limit may defy the said principle. Yadav et al suggested that the tips of the scales might be as well to 260/h Mpc[4].Some scientists say that the maximum sizes of structures was somewhere around 70-130/h Mpc based on the measure of the homogeneity scale[5][6][7] . No structures are expected to be larger than the scale since the current evolutionary theories of the formation of the universe do not accept objects larger than the scale.
The Sloan Great Wall, discovered in 2003, is 1.37 billion light years across[8], and is marginally larger than the scale.
The Huge-LQG (Huge Large Quasar Group), discovered in 2012, is 4 billion light years across.[9] However, long range correlations provide evidences of the impossibility of this structure[10].
The Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall, is more than 8 times larger than the scale[1], and so greatly exceeds the homogeneity scale.
References
- ^ a b c d "Universe's Largest Structure is a Cosmic Conundrum". discovery. 2013-11-19. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
{{cite web}}:|first=missing|last=(help) - ^ a b Horvath I., Hakkila J. (2013). "The largest structure of the Universe, defined by Gamma-Ray Bursts". arXiv:1311.1104.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Horvath I., Hakkila J. (2013). "The largest structure of the Universe, defined by Gamma-Ray Bursts". arXiv:1311.1104.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Yadav, Jaswant (25 February 2010). "Fractal dimension as a measure of the scale of homogeneity". Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 405 (3): 2009–2015. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16612.x. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Hogg, D.W. et al., (May 2005) "Cosmic Homogeneity Demonstrated with Luminous Red Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal 624: 54-58. arXiv:astro-ph/0411197. Bibcode:2005ApJ...624...54H. doi:10.1086/429084.
- ^ Scrimgeour, Morag I. et al., (May 2012) "The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: the transition to large-scale cosmic homogeneity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 425 (1): 116-134. arXiv:1205.6812. Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.425...116S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21402.x.
- ^ Nadathur, Seshadri, (July 2013) "Seeing patterns in noise: gigaparsec-scale 'structures' that do not violate homogeneity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society in press. arXiv:1306.1700. Bibcode: 2013MNRAS.tmp.1690N. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stt1028.
- ^ Gott, J. Richard, III; et al. (2005). "A Map of the Universe". The Astrophysical Journal. 624 (2): 463–484. arXiv:astro-ph/0310571. Bibcode:2005ApJ...624..463G. doi:10.1086/428890Template:Inconsistent citations
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ Clowes, Roger; Harris; Raghunathan; Campusano; Soechting; Graham (2012-01-11). "A structure in the early Universe at z ∼ 1.3 that exceeds the homogeneity scale of the R-W concordance cosmology". Monthly notices of the royal astronomical society. 1211 (4): 6256. arXiv:1211.6256. Bibcode:2012arXiv1211.6256C. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts497. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|year=/|date=mismatch (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Gaite, Jose, Dominguez, Alvaro and Perez-Mercader, Juan (August 1999) "The fractal distribution of galaxies and the transition to homogeneity". The Astrophysical Journal 522: L5-L8. arXiv:astroph/9812132. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...522L...5G. doi: 10.1086/312204.