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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
{{About|the plant|the fish genus|Capelin}}
{{About|the plant|the fish genus|Capelin}}
{{redirect|Hancea|the [[Romania]]n village|Vereşti}}
{{redirect|Hancea|the [[Romania]]n village|Vereşti}}
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|name = ''Mallotus''
|name = ''Mallotus''
|image =Mallotus_philippensis_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-221.jpg
|image =Mallotus_philippensis_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-221.jpg
|image_caption = Kamala Tree (''M. philippensis'')
|image_caption = Kamala Tree (''M. philippensis'')<ref>1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen</ref>
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
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|genus = '''''Mallotus'''''
|genus = '''''Mallotus'''''
|genus_authority = [[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]
|genus_authority = [[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=n>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=118784 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|synonyms=*''[[Aconceveibum]]'' <small>[[Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel|Miq.]]</small>
|subdivision = About 140, see text
*''[[Axenfeldia]]'' <small>[[Henri Ernest Baillon|Baill.]]</small>
*''[[Coelodiscus]]'' <small>[[Henri Ernest Baillon|Baill.]]</small>
*''[[Echinocroton]]'' <small>[[F. Muell.]]</small>
*''[[Echinus]]'' <small>[[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]</small>
*''[[Lasipana]]'' <small>[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Raf.]]</small>
*''[[Plagianthera]]'' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]] & [[Heinrich Zollinger|Zoll.]]</small>
*''Rottlera'' <small>[[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]]</small>
*''[[Rottlera]]'' <small>[[Roxb.]]</small>
*''[[Stylanthus]]'' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]] & [[Heinrich Zollinger|Zoll.]]</small>
*''[[Trewia]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Canschi]]'' <small>Adans.</small>
*''[[Adisca]]'' <small>Blume</small>
*''[[Adisa]]'' <small>Steud.</small>
*''Boutonia'' <small>Bojer</small>
*''[[Boutonia]]'' <small>Bojer ex Baill.</small>
*''[[Coccoceras]]'' <small>Miq.</small>
*''[[Neotrewia]]'' <small>Pax & K.Hoffm.</small>
*''[[Octospermum]]'' <small>Airy Shaw</small>
|}}
|}}


[[Image:Mallotus japonicus1.jpg|thumb|''Mallotus japonicus'']]
[[Image:Mallotus japonicus1.jpg|thumb|''Mallotus japonicus'']]


'''''Mallotus''''' is a genus of the spurge family [[Euphorbiaceae]]. 2 [[species]] (''[[Mallotus oppositifolius|M. oppositifolius]]'' and ''[[Mallotus subulatus|M. subulatus]]'') are found in [[tropical]] [[Africa]] and [[Madagascar]]. About 140 species are found in [[East Asia|East]] and [[Southeast Asia]] and from [[Indomalaysia]] to [[New Caledonia]] and [[Fiji]], northern and eastern [[Australia]]. Notable members include the [[Mallotus philippensis|Kamala tree]] (''Mallotus philippensis''), the hairs of whose seed capsule is the source of a yellow [[dye]] (kamala dye) and (formerly) [[herb]]al remedy.
'''''Mallotus''''' is a genus of the spurge family [[Euphorbiaceae]] first described as a genus in 1790.<ref>[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/654294#page/247/mode/1up Loureiro, João de. 1790. Flora Cochinchinensis 601, 635]</ref> Two [[species]] (''[[Mallotus oppositifolius|M. oppositifolius]]'' and ''[[Mallotus subulatus|M. subulatus]]'') are found in [[tropical]] [[Africa]] and [[Madagascar]]. All the other species are found in [[East Asia|East]], the [[Indian Subcontinent]], [[Southeast Asia]], eastern [[Australia]], and certain islands of the western [[Pacific Islands|Pacific]].<ref name=n/><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=119552 Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 225 <big>野桐属</big> ye tong shu ''Mallotus'' Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 635. 1790. ]</ref><ref>Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref><ref>Sierra, S.E.C. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). A taxonomic revision of ''Mallotus'' section ''Mallotus'' (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia. Blumea 50: 249-274. </ref>


;Uses
''Mallotus'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including ''[[Endoclita malabaricus]]''.
''Mallotus'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including ''[[Endoclita malabaricus]]''. The [[Mallotus philippensis|Kamala tree]] (''Mallotus philippensis'') has hairs of whose seed capsule which are the source of a yellow [[dye]] (kamala dye) and (formerly) [[herb]]al remedy.


;Species<ref name=n/>
== Synonyms ==
{{columns-list|2|

# Mallotus actinoneurus - S Thailand, W Malaysia
This genus is also known as:
# Mallotus anomalus - [[Hainan]]
*'''''Aconceveibum''''' <small>[[Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel|Miq.]]</small>
# ''[[Mallotus apelta]]'' - S China
*'''''Axenfeldia''''' <small>[[Henri Ernest Baillon|Baill.]]</small>
# ''[[Mallotus atrovirens]]'' - SW India
*'''''Coelodiscus''''' <small>[[Henri Ernest Baillon|Baill.]]</small>
# Mallotus attenuatus - Papua New Guinea
*'''''Diplochlamys''''' <small>[[Mull. Arg.]]</small>
# Mallotus aureopunctatus - India
*'''''Echinocroton''''' <small>[[F. Muell.]]</small>
# ''[[Mallotus barbatus]]'' - India, Indochina, S China, Malaysia, W Indonesia
*'''''Echinus''''' <small>[[João de Loureiro|Lour.]]</small>
# Mallotus beddomei - SW India
*'''''Hancea''''' <small>[[Berthold Carl Seemann|Seem.]]</small>
# Mallotus blumeanus - Java, Sumatra
*'''''Lasipana''''' <small>[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Raf.]]</small>
# Mallotus brachythyrsus - Sarawak, Kalimantan
*'''''Plagianthera''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]] & [[Heinrich Zollinger|Zoll.]]</small>
# Mallotus brevipetiolatus - S Thailand, W Malaysia
*'''''Rottlera''''' <small>[[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]]</small>
# Mallotus calocarpus - S Thailand
*'''''Stylanthus''''' <small>[[Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach|Rchb.f.]] & [[Heinrich Zollinger|Zoll.]]</small>
# Mallotus cambodianus - Cambodia

# Mallotus canii - Vietnam
== Species include ==
* ''[[Mallotus apelta]]''
# Mallotus caudatus - Borneo
* ''[[Mallotus atrovirens]]''
# Mallotus cauliflorus - [[Luzon]]
* ''[[Mallotus barbatus]]''
# Mallotus chromocarpus - Papua New Guinea
# Mallotus chuyenii - Vietnam
* ''[[Mallotus claoxyloides]]''- Green Kamala or Odour Bush - Australia
* ''[[Mallotus discolor]]'' - Yellow Kamala - Australia
# ''[[Mallotus claoxyloides]]''- E Australia, Papua New Guinea
* ''[[Mallotus eriocarpus]]''
# Mallotus concinnus - [[Kelantan]]
* ''[[Mallotus ficifolius]]''
# Mallotus confusus - Philippines
* ''[[Mallotus fuscescens]]''
# Mallotus connatus - Philippines, Borneo
* ''[[Mallotus hookerianus]]''
# Mallotus coudercii - Indochina
# Mallotus cumingii - Philippines, Borneo, Sulawesi
* ''[[Mallotus japonicus]]''
* ''[[Mallotus odoratus]]''
# Mallotus darbyshirei - Papua New Guinea
# Mallotus decipiens - Bangladesh, Indochina, W Malaysia
* ''[[Mallotus oppositifolius]]''
* ''[[Mallotus paniculatus]]''
# Mallotus didymochryseus - New Guinea
* ''[[Mallotus peltatus]]''
# ''[[Mallotus discolor]]'' - E Australia
* ''[[Mallotus philippensis]]'' - Kamala tree
# Mallotus dispar - Indochina, W Malaysia, W Indonesia
* ''[[Mallotus repandus]]''
# Mallotus dispersus - N Australia
* ''[[Mallotus smilaciformis]]''
# Mallotus distans - S India, Sri Lanka
* ''[[Mallotus tetracoccus]]''
# Mallotus dunnii - [[Fujian]]
# Mallotus eberhardtii - Vietnam

# ''[[Mallotus eriocarpus]]'' - Sri Lanka, W Malaysia
== Taxonomy note ==
# Mallotus eximius - Borneo, W Malaysia
''[[Coccoceras]]'' <small>[[Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel|Miq.]]</small>, precedently thought to be a synonym of ''[[Mallotus]]'', has been split to stand alone.
# ''[[Mallotus ficifolius]]'' - Queensland
# Mallotus floribundus - SE Asia, Papuasia
# Mallotus fuscescens - Sri Lanka
# Mallotus garrettii - N Laos, N Thailand
# Mallotus glabriusculus - Indochina
# Mallotus glomerulatus - NE Thailand
# Mallotus grossedentatus - [[Hainan]]
# Mallotus hanheoensis - Vietnam
# Mallotus havilandii - Sarawak
# Mallotus hispidospinosus - Thailand, Myanmar
# Mallotus hymenophyllus - S Thailand
# Mallotus illudens - S China
# Mallotus insularum - [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]
# Mallotus intercedens - India
# ''[[Mallotus japonicus]]'' - Japan, Korea, China, Ryukyu Islands
# Mallotus khasianus - [[Assam]], Indochina, S China
# Mallotus kongkandae - [[Yunnan]], N Thailand
# Mallotus korthalsii - Philippines, Malaysia, W Indonesia
# Mallotus kweichowensis - [[Guizhou]]
# Mallotus lackeyi - Borneo, Philippines
# Mallotus lanceolatus - S China, Indochina
# Mallotus lancifolius - [[Andaman & Nicobar Islands|Andaman & Nicobar Is]], Malaysia, W Indonesia
# Mallotus lappaceus - Myanmar
# Mallotus lauterbachianus - New Guinea
# Mallotus leptostachyus - S Myanmar, S Thailand
# Mallotus leucocalyx - SE Asia
# Mallotus leucocarpus - [[Assam]], Myanmar
# Mallotus leucodermis - S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
# Mallotus lianus - [[Guangdong]], [[Fujian]], [[Zhejiang]]
# Mallotus longinervis - Sarawak
# Mallotus longipes - Myanmar
# Mallotus macrostachyus - S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
# Mallotus macularis - New Guinea
# Mallotus megadontus - Queensland
# Mallotus metcalfianus - N Thailand, Vietnam, [[Guangxi]]
# Mallotus microcarpus - S China
# Mallotus millietii - [[Guizhou]]
# Mallotus minimifructus - Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines
# Mallotus miquelianus - Thailand, Borneo, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra
# Mallotus mirus - Thailand
# Mallotus mollissimus - Indonesia, Philippines, Papuasia, Queensland
# Mallotus monanthos - [[Pahang]]
# Mallotus montanus - S Thailand, W Malaysia
# Mallotus muticus - Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
# Mallotus myanmaricus - Myanmar
# Mallotus nanus - Laos, Cambodia
# Mallotus neocavaleriei - [[Guizhou]]
# Mallotus nepalensis - Nepal, Yunnan, Myanmar, Assam, Bhutan
# Mallotus nesophilus - N Australia
# Mallotus nudiflorus - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China
# ''[[Mallotus oppositifolius]]'' - Madagascar, tropical Africa
# Mallotus oreophilus - [[Yunnan]], [[Sikkim]]
# Mallotus pachypodus - Myanmar
# Mallotus pallidus - S Thailand
# ''[[Mallotus paniculatus]]'' - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Queensland, Papuasia
# ''[[Mallotus peltatus]]'' - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia
# ''[[Mallotus philippensis]]'' - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, Ryukyu Islands
# Mallotus pierrei - Thailand, Vietnam
# Mallotus pleiogynus - New Guinea
# Mallotus plicatus - Indochina
# Mallotus poilanei - Vietnam
# Mallotus polyadenos - New Guinea, Queensland
# Mallotus polycarpus - W India
# Mallotus puber - Solomon Islands
# ''[[Mallotus repandus]]'' - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, New Caledonia
# Mallotus resinosus - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, Papuasia, Queensland
# Mallotus rhamnifolius - S India, Sri Lanka
# Mallotus roxburghianus - E Himalayas
# Mallotus rufidulus - W Indonesia
# Mallotus sathavensis - Vietnam
# Mallotus sphaerocarpus - Sumatra
# Mallotus spinifructus - Kalimantan
# Mallotus stewardii - E China
# Mallotus subcuneatus - S Thailand, W Malaysia
# Mallotus subjaponicus - [[Anhui]]
# Mallotus subulatus - W + C Africa
# Mallotus sumatranus - Sumatra, Borneo
# Mallotus surculosus - [[Cape York Peninsula]]
# Mallotus taoyuanensis - [[Hunan]]
# ''[[Mallotus tetracoccus]]'' - Indian Subcontinent, Thailand, Myanmar, [[Yunnan]]
# Mallotus thorelii - Indochina
# Mallotus thunbergianus - Sri Lanka
# Mallotus tiliifolius - Hainan, SE Asia, Papuasia, Micronesia, Taiwan
# Mallotus trinervius - New Guinea
# Mallotus ustulatus - Cambodia
# Mallotus wrayi - - Sumatra, Borneo, W Malaysia
# Mallotus yunnanensis - Yunnan
}}


;formerly included<ref name=n/>
moved to other genera (Acalypha Aleurites Blumeodendron Chondrostylis Cleidion Croton Discocleidion Endospermum Hancea Lasiococca Macaranga Melanolepis Neoboutonia Plukenetia Ptychopyxis Rockinghamia Spathiostemon Sumbaviopsis )
{{columns-list|2|
# M. affinis - Macaranga lowii
# M. angulatus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. angustifolius - Rockinghamia angustifolia
# M. arboreus - Ptychopyxis arborea
# M. arboreus var. platyphyllus - Ptychopyxis kingii
# M. auriculatus - Macaranga lowii
# M. baillonianus - Hancea acuminata
# M. brevipes Merr. 1915 - Lasiococca brevipes
# M. brevipes Pax ex Engl. 1895 - Acalypha neptunica
# M. calcosus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. calvus - Spathiostemon javensis
# M. capensis - Macaranga capensis
# M. capuronii - Hancea capuronii
# M. caput-medusae - Ptychopyxis caput-medusae
# M. cavaleriei - Discocleidion rufescens
# M. chrysanthus - Ptychopyxis chrysantha
# M. cordatifolius - Hancea cordatifolia
# M. dallachyi - Macaranga dallachyana
# M. diadenus - Endospermum diadenum
# M. echinatus - Hancea penangensis
# M. eglandulosus - Spathiostemon javensis
# M. eucaustus - Hancea eucausta
# M. geloniifolius - Cleidion javanicum
# M. glaberrimus - Macaranga glaberrima
# M. grandistipularis - Hancea grandistipularis
# M. griffithianus - Hancea griffithiana
# M. hellwigianus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. henryi - Macaranga henryi
# M. hirsutus - Hancea hirsuta
# M. hollrungianus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. hookerianus - Hancea hookeriana
# M. hookerianus var. papuanus - Hancea papuana
# M. impar - Hancea griffithiana
# M. inamoenus - Macaranga inamoena
# M. integrifolius - Hancea integrifolia
# M. kingii - Hancea kingii
# M. kunstleri - Chondrostylis kunstleri
# M. kurzii - Blumeodendron kurzii
# M. leptophyllus - Hancea penangensis
# M. longistylus - Hancea longistyla
# M. maingayi - Macaranga pruinosa
# M. melleri - Neoboutonia melleri
# M. minahassae - Croton oblongus
# M. moluccanus - Aleurites moluccanus
# M. moluccanus var. glabratus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. moluccanus var. pendulus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. multiglandulosus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
# M. nitidus - Cleidion nitidum
# M. papuanus - Hancea papuana
# M. papuanus var. glabrescens - Hancea penangensis
# M. papuanus var. intermedius - Hancea penangensis
# M. penangensis - Hancea penangensis
# M. populifolius - Macaranga hemsleyana
# M. preussii - Plukenetia conophora
# M. pseudopenangensis - Hancea penangensis
# M. pseudoverticillatus - Lasiococca comberi
# M. ramosii - Cleidion ramosii
# M. samarensis - Cleidion ramosii
# M. sarawakensis - Hancea penangensis
# M. speciosus - Sumbaviopsis albicans
# M. spinulosus - Hancea spinulosa
# M. stipularis - Hancea stipularis
# M. subpeltatus - Hancea subpeltata
# M. tenuipes - Hancea penangensis
# M. tsiangii - Macaranga lowii
# M. vernicosus - Blumeodendron tokbrai
# M. vitifolius - Melanolepis vitifolia
# M. wenzelianus - Hancea wenzeliana
# M. woodii - Hancea griffithiana
# M. xylacanthus - Hancea penangensis
# M. yifengensis - Croton lachnocarpus
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mallotus (Plant)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mallotus (Plant)}}
[[Category:Mallotus| ]]
[[Category:Mallotus| ]]
[[Category:Eudicot genera]]
[[Category:Euphorbiaceae genera]]

Revision as of 20:33, 28 September 2014

This article is about the plant. For the fish genus, see Capelin.
"Hancea" redirects here. For the Romanian village, see Vereşti.

Mallotus
Kamala Tree (M. philippensis)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Malpighiales
Family:
Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily:
Acalyphoideae
Tribe:
Acalypheae
Subtribe:
Rottlerinae
Genus:
Mallotus

Synonyms[2]
Mallotus japonicus

Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790.[3] Two species (M. oppositifolius and M. subulatus) are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar. All the other species are found in East, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific.[2][4][5][6]

Uses

Mallotus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus. The Kamala tree (Mallotus philippensis) has hairs of whose seed capsule which are the source of a yellow dye (kamala dye) and (formerly) herbal remedy.

Species[2]
2
formerly included[2]

moved to other genera (Acalypha Aleurites Blumeodendron Chondrostylis Cleidion Croton Discocleidion Endospermum Hancea Lasiococca Macaranga Melanolepis Neoboutonia Plukenetia Ptychopyxis Rockinghamia Spathiostemon Sumbaviopsis )

2

References

  1. ^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Loureiro, João de. 1790. Flora Cochinchinensis 601, 635
  4. ^ Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 225 野桐属 ye tong shu Mallotus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 635. 1790.
  5. ^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ^ Sierra, S.E.C. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). A taxonomic revision of Mallotus section Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia. Blumea 50: 249-274.
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