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'''Pogwizdów''' {{IPAc-pl|p|o|g|'|w|i|z|d|u|f}} is a village in [[Gmina Hażlach]], [[Cieszyn County]] in [[Silesian Voivodeship]], southern [[Poland]], on the border with the [[Czech Republic]]. It lies on the [[Olza River]], in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]]. It has a population of 3,539 (2008).
'''Pogwizdów''' {{IPAc-pl|p|o|g|'|w|i|z|d|u|f}} is a village in [[Gmina Hażlach]], [[Cieszyn County]] in [[Silesian Voivodeship]], southern [[Poland]], on the border with the [[Czech Republic]], on the [[Olza River]]. It has a population of 3,539 (2008).


== Etymology ==
The name is probably of possessive origin derived from personal name ''Pogwizd'' (such a name was recorded in a local document from 1504), but it is also possible that the name is cultural meaning ''a place where a wind whistles'' (Polish ''whistle'' is ''[[wiktionary:gwizdać|gwizdać]]'').<ref name="mrozek">{{cite book | last = Mrózek | first = Robert | title = Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego | trans_title = Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia | publisher = [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach]] | year = 1984 | location = Katowice | pages = 124 | language = Polish |issn = 0208-6336}}</ref>
The name is probably of possessive origin derived from personal name ''Pogwizd'' (such a name was recorded in a local document from 1504), but it is also possible that the name is cultural meaning ''a place where a wind whistles'' (Polish ''whistle'' is ''[[wiktionary:gwizdać|gwizdać]]'').<ref name="mrozek">{{cite book | last = Mrózek | first = Robert | title = Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego | trans_title = Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia | publisher = [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach]] | year = 1984 | location = Katowice | pages = 124 | language = Polish |issn = 0208-6336}}</ref> It was mostly germanised as ''Pogwisdau''.


== History ==
== History ==
It was first mentioned in a written document in 1447 as ''Pogwyzdow''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | authorlink = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) | trans_title = Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2010 | location = Cieszyn | page = 313 | language = Polish |isbn = 978-83-926929-3-5 }}</ref><ref name="mrozek"/> Politically it belonged then to the [[Duchy of Teschen]], a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]], which after 1526 became part of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]].
The village lies in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]]. It was first mentioned in a written document in 1447 as ''Pogwyzdow''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | authorlink = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) | trans_title = Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2010 | location = Cieszyn | page = 313 | language = Polish |isbn = 978-83-926929-3-5 }}</ref><ref name="mrozek"/> Politically it belonged then to the [[Duchy of Teschen]], a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]], which after 1526 became a part of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]].


First wooden church in the village was built in 1722. New church was built in 1817 and then renovated in 1860. During so-called "hungry years" of 1848-1849, only two families are reported to survive the hunger.
The first wooden church in the village was built in 1722. New church was built in 1817 and then renovated in 1860. During so-called "hungry years" of 1848-1849, only two families are reported to survive the hunger.


After [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire]] a modern [[municipality|municipal division]] was introduced in the re-established [[Austrian Silesia]]. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the [[Districts of Austria|political]] and [[legal district]] of [[Cieszyn]]. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 546 in 1880 to 781 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (between 96.7% and 98.6%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 17 or 3.1% in 1880) and a few Czech-speaking people (at most 3 or 0.3% in 1900). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were [[Roman Catholics]] (76.4%), followed by [[Protestants]] (22%) and [[Jews]] (11 or 1.6%).<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | page = 265, 283 | language = Polish |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076 }}</ref> The village was also traditionally inhabited by [[Cieszyn Vlachs]], speaking [[Cieszyn Silesian dialect]].
After the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire]] a modern [[municipality|municipal division]] was introduced in the re-established [[Austrian Silesia]]. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the [[Districts of Austria|political]] and [[legal district]] of [[Cieszyn]]. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 546 in 1880 to 781 in 1910 with the majority being native Polish-speakers (between 96.7% and 98.6%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 17 or 3.1% in 1880) and a few Czech-speaking people (at most 3 or 0.3% in 1900). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were [[Roman Catholics]] (76.4%), followed by [[Protestants]] (22%) and [[Jews]] (11 or 1.6%).<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | page = 265, 283 | language = Polish |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076 }}</ref> The village was also traditionally inhabited by [[Cieszyn Vlachs]], speaking [[Cieszyn Silesian dialect]].


After [[World War I]], fall of [[Austria-Hungary]], [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920, it became a part of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]]. It was then [[Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany|annexed]] by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. After the war it was restored to [[Poland]].
After [[World War I]], the fall of [[Austria-Hungary]], the [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920, it became a part of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]]. It was then [[Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany|annexed]] by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. After the war it was restored to [[Poland]].


There was a border crossing on the Olza River in the village in the past.
There was a border crossing on the Olza River in the village in the past.

== Geography ==
Pogwizdów lies in the southern part of Poland, north of the county seat, [[Cieszyn]], {{convert|32|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} west of [[Bielsko-Biała]], {{convert|60|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-west of the regional capital [[Katowice]], and on the right bank of the [[Olza (river)|Olza]] (a right tributary of [[Oder|Odra]]), which constitutes here the border with [[Czech Republic|the Czech Republic]]. The village is situated in [[Ostrava Basin]], between {{convert|240-283|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[above mean sea level|above sea level]], {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} north-west of the [[Silesian Beskids]].

{{Geographic location
|width = auto
|Centre = Pogwizdów
|North = [[Kaczyce, Silesian Voivodeship|Kaczyce]]
|Northeast = [[Kaczyce, Silesian Voivodeship|Kaczyce]]<br/>[[Brzezówka, Silesian Voivodeship|Brzezówka]]
|East = [[Brzezówka, Silesian Voivodeship|Brzezówka]]
|Southeast = [[Brzezówka, Silesian Voivodeship|Brzezówka]]
|South = '''[[Cieszyn]]'''<br/>([[Marklowice, Cieszyn|Marklowice]])
|Southwest =
|West = ''[[Olza (river)|Olza]]''<br/>('''[[Czech Republic]]''')<br/>'''[[Karviná]]'''<br/>([[Louky (Karviná)|Louky]])
|Northwest =
}}


== Footnotes ==
== Footnotes ==

Revision as of 08:10, 2 April 2015

Pogwizdów
Village
Cross, monument and fire station in village's centre
Cross, monument and fire station in village's centre
Coat of arms of Pogwizdów
Coat of arms
CountryPoland
VoivodeshipSilesian
CountyCieszyn
GminaHażlach
First mentioned1447
Government
 • MayorDorota Konieczny
Area
4.72 km2 (1.82 sq mi)
Population
 (2008)
3,539
 • Density750/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
43-418
Car platesSCI

Pogwizdów [pɔɡˈvizduf] is a village in Gmina Hażlach, Cieszyn County in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the border with the Czech Republic, on the Olza River. It has a population of 3,539 (2008).

Etymology

The name is probably of possessive origin derived from personal name Pogwizd (such a name was recorded in a local document from 1504), but it is also possible that the name is cultural meaning a place where a wind whistles (Polish whistle is gwizdać).[1] It was mostly germanised as Pogwisdau.

History

The village lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. It was first mentioned in a written document in 1447 as Pogwyzdow.[2][1] Politically it belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy.

The first wooden church in the village was built in 1722. New church was built in 1817 and then renovated in 1860. During so-called "hungry years" of 1848-1849, only two families are reported to survive the hunger.

After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political and legal district of Cieszyn. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 546 in 1880 to 781 in 1910 with the majority being native Polish-speakers (between 96.7% and 98.6%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 17 or 3.1% in 1880) and a few Czech-speaking people (at most 3 or 0.3% in 1900). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (76.4%), followed by Protestants (22%) and Jews (11 or 1.6%).[3] The village was also traditionally inhabited by Cieszyn Vlachs, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.

After World War I, the fall of Austria-Hungary, the Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Poland. It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland.

There was a border crossing on the Olza River in the village in the past.

Geography

Pogwizdów lies in the southern part of Poland, north of the county seat, Cieszyn, 32 km (20 mi) west of Bielsko-Biała, 60 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Katowice, and on the right bank of the Olza (a right tributary of Odra), which constitutes here the border with the Czech Republic. The village is situated in Ostrava Basin, between 240–283 m (787–928 ft) above sea level, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of the Silesian Beskids.

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. p. 124. ISSN 0208-6336. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 313. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. p. 265, 283.

References

  • Cicha, Irena (2000). Olza od pramene po ujście. Český Těšín: Region Silesia. ISBN 80-238-6081-X. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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