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| rev8score = 6/10<ref>{{cite web|last=Starr|first=Red|title=Albums|journal=[[Smash Hits]]|issue=28 June–11 July 1979|page=25}}</ref>
| rev8score = 6/10<ref>{{cite web|last=Starr|first=Red|title=Albums|journal=[[Smash Hits]]|issue=28 June–11 July 1979|page=25}}</ref>
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''Back to the Egg'' received predominantly negative reviews on release;<ref name=W&M88/> author Alan Clayson writes of the album receiving "a critical mauling as vicious as that for ''London Town''".<ref name=Clayson191 /> In an especially unfavourable critique for ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine,<ref>Woffinden, pp. 121, 124</ref> [[Timothy White (editor)|Timothy White]] described it as "the sorriest grab bag of dreck in recent memory" and lamented that none of the songs were "the least bit fleshed out", with the listener instead given "an irritating display of disjointed images and unfocused musical snapshots".<ref name="White/RS">{{cite web|first=Timothy |last=White |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/back-to-the-egg-19790823 |title=Paul McCartney ''Back To The Egg'' |work=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=23 August 1979 |accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> After opining that, since 1970, "this ex-Beatle has been lending his truly prodigious talents&nbsp;... to some of the laziest records in the history of rock & roll", White wrote: "Who, one felt compelled to ask, is in charge here? ''Back to the Egg'' provides the final, obvious answer: ''no one''."<ref name="White/RS" />
''Back to the Egg'' received predominantly negative reviews on release;<ref name=W&M88/> author [[Alan Clayson]] writes of the album receiving "a critical mauling as vicious as that for ''London Town''".<ref name=Clayson191 /> In an especially unfavourable critique for ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine,<ref>Woffinden, pp. 121, 124</ref> [[Timothy White (editor)|Timothy White]] described it as "the sorriest grab bag of dreck in recent memory" and lamented that none of the songs were "the least bit fleshed out", with the listener instead given "an irritating display of disjointed images and unfocused musical snapshots".<ref name="White/RS">{{cite web|first=Timothy |last=White |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/back-to-the-egg-19790823 |title=Paul McCartney ''Back To The Egg'' |work=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=23 August 1979 |accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> After opining that, since 1970, "this ex-Beatle has been lending his truly prodigious talents&nbsp;... to some of the laziest records in the history of rock & roll", White wrote: "Who, one felt compelled to ask, is in charge here? ''Back to the Egg'' provides the final, obvious answer: ''no one''."<ref name="White/RS" />


Music critic [[Robert Christgau]] opined of McCartney and the new Wings album: "When he's on, Paulie's abundant tunefulness passes for generosity. Here he's just hoping something will stick."<ref name="Christgau">{{cite web|last=Christgau |first=Robert |url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=4101&name=Wings |title=CG: Wings |publisher=robertchristgau.com |accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> In ''Melody Maker'', [[Ray Coleman]] wrote that McCartney "seems to be on a treadmill of banality".<ref name="Coleman/NME Originals" /> Coleman described "Rockestra Theme" and "So Glad to See You Here" as "creditable, rolling, raunchy and at least efficient, with Paul's voice at its rocking best on the last named track", but concluded: "This album gets Wings nowhere&nbsp;..."<ref name="Coleman/NME Originals">{{cite book|editor=Hunt, Chris|chapter=Chapter 4: 1976–1980|title=[[NME|NME Originals]]: Beatles – The Solo Years 1970–1980|year=2005|publisher=[[IPC Media – Inspire (Time Inc.)#Inspire|IPC Ignite!]]|location=London|isbn=|page=123}}</ref>
Music critic [[Robert Christgau]] opined of McCartney and the new Wings album: "When he's on, Paulie's abundant tunefulness passes for generosity. Here he's just hoping something will stick."<ref name="Christgau">{{cite web|last=Christgau |first=Robert |url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=4101&name=Wings |title=CG: Wings |publisher=robertchristgau.com |accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> In ''Melody Maker'', [[Ray Coleman]] wrote that McCartney "seems to be on a treadmill of banality".<ref name="Coleman/NME Originals" /> Coleman described "Rockestra Theme" and "So Glad to See You Here" as "creditable, rolling, raunchy and at least efficient, with Paul's voice at its rocking best on the last named track", but concluded: "This album gets Wings nowhere&nbsp;..."<ref name="Coleman/NME Originals">{{cite book|editor=Hunt, Chris|chapter=Chapter 4: 1976–1980|title=[[NME|NME Originals]]: Beatles – The Solo Years 1970–1980|year=2005|publisher=[[IPC Media – Inspire (Time Inc.)#Inspire|IPC Ignite!]]|location=London|isbn=|page=123}}</ref>

Revision as of 07:41, 26 November 2014

For the television special about the album, see Back to the Egg (TV special).

Untitled

Back to the Egg is the seventh and final studio album by the Anglo-American band Wings, released in 1979 on Columbia Records in America, and on Parlophone in the UK. Co-produced by Chris Thomas, the album reflects band leader Paul McCartney's embracing of contemporary musical trends such as new wave and punk, and marked the arrival of new Wings members Laurence Juber and Steve Holly. Back to the Egg adopts a loose conceptual theme around the idea of a working band, and its creation coincided with a period of considerable activity for the group, which included making a return to touring and work on several television and film projects.

Recording for the album began in June 1978 and lasted for almost a year. The sessions took place at Spirit of Ranachan Studios in Scotland, Lympne Castle in Kent, London's Abbey Road Studios, and Replica Studio – the last of which McCartney built as an exact replica of Abbey Road's Studio Two when the latter became unavailable. Wings returned to Abbey Road in March 1979 to complete the album, before filming a series of promotional videos in Lympne and elsewhere, for what became the Back to the Egg TV special.

Back to the Egg received unfavourable reviews from the majority of critics, with Rolling Stone magazine deriding it as "the sorriest grab bag of dreck in recent memory".[1] Although the album charted in the top ten around the world and was certified platinum in the United States, it was viewed as a commercial failure relative to previous Wings releases, particularly in light of the generous financial terms under which McCartney had signed with CBS-owned Columbia Records. Of its singles – "Old Siam, Sir", "Getting Closer" and "Arrow Through Me" – only "Getting Closer" made the top twenty in Britain or America. The song "Rockestra Theme", recorded with a cast of guest musicians from bands such as the Who, Led Zeppelin and Pink Floyd, won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance in 1980.

Wings toured the UK in support of the album, but the planned world tour ended in January 1980, when McCartney was arrested in Japan for possession of drugs. The group disbanded early the following year. Back to the Egg was reissued in 1993, with bonus tracks, and in 2007 for iTunes, with the addition of Wings' 1979 non-album single "Goodnight Tonight", in its extended form.

Background

Following the release of the album London Town (1978), Wings band leader Paul McCartney hired two session musicians, drummer Steve Holly and lead guitarist Laurence Juber, to replace former members Joe English and Jimmy McCulloch.[2] With the new line-up – Wings' sixth since its formation in 1971[3] – McCartney intended to record a raw rock and roll album and return to touring, for the band's first concerts since their acclaimed Wings Over the World tour of 1975–76.[4] In addition, McCartney hoped to realise his longstanding plan of making a film adaptation of the Rupert the Bear cartoon series,[5] for which he owned the commercial rights,[6] and commissioned English playwright Willy Russell to write a feature film starring Wings.[7][nb 1]

Both Holly and Juber were recruited by Wings co-founder and guitarist Denny Laine,[13] who had appeared as a guest on The David Essex Show in 1977 when Juber was working as a guitarist in the house band.[14] Holly, a neighbour of Laine's, joined Wings in time to appear in the promotional video for London Town's lead single, "With a Little Luck",[15] having turned down a position with Elton John's band.[16] According to Wings biographer Garry McGee, Juber and Holly each received a weekly sum equating to less than one-fifth of that paid to McCartney, his wife Linda (the band's keyboard player) and Laine.[15]

For the new album, Back to the Egg, McCartney decided to collaborate in the studio with producer Chris Thomas,[17] with whom he had begun working on the audio for two films documenting Wings' last world tour: Wings Over the World, a television documentary,[18] and the cinema release Rockshow (1980).[19] Thomas's involvement would mark the first time that Wings had recorded with an outside producer since their 1973 single "Live and Let Die", which George Martin had produced.[20] Due to his recent work with the Pretenders and the Sex Pistols, Thomas brought a punk rock and new wave influence to Wings' sound,[21][22] matching McCartney's desire to reflect contemporary musical trends.[23][24]

Songs

The New Wave thing was happening and ... I sort of realized, "Well, so what's wrong with us doing an uptempo [album]?" ... Back to the Egg was influenced just as what I had wanted to do at the time, the direction I felt I hadn't been in for a while ...[25]

– Paul McCartney, on his musical influences while making the album

Although London Town had featured a significant level of contribution from Laine as a songwriter,[17][26] all bar one of the songs on Back to the Egg are credited to McCartney alone.[27] The album was originally planned around a loose conceptual theme,[28] about which authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter write in their book Eight Arms to Hold You: "The idea was to have a theme of a working band, getting back on the road ... or 'back to the egg' (or protective shell) of touring."[23] In the original LP format, the two album sides were labelled with the egg-related titles "Sunny Side Up" and "Over Easy".[29]

"Sunny Side Up"

The album's opening song is "Reception", an instrumental, in which McCartney attempted to capture the effect of turning a radio dial and finding "about four stations at once".[30] The track features a guitar-controlled synthesizer (played by Juber) over a funk-inspired bassline, and spoken voices, including a reading of part of "The Poodle and the Pug", from Vivian Ellis's opera Big Ben (1946).[31] The next three songs – "Getting Closer", "We're Open Tonight" and "Spin It On" – adhere to the proposed album-wide concept.[23] Writing in Melody Maker in June 1979, Mark Williams interpreted "Reception" as representing a radio being tuned in a car, whereby "the occupant is on his way to a gig, hence 'Getting Closer' [to the venue] and, upon arrival, 'We're Open Tonight'".[32] The notional live performance is then reflected in the sequencing of what Madinger and Easter term "heavier rock tracks such as 'Spin It On'".[23]

The Sex Pistols (pictured in concert in 1977), part of the punk and new-wave phenomenon that inspired Back to the Egg

McCartney had recorded a piano demo for "Getting Closer" in 1974, at which point the song had a slower tempo.[33] Author and Mojo contributor Tom Doyle describes Wings' version as "power-popping" and reminiscent of the English band Squeeze.[34] The mellow "We're Open Tonight" was written at the McCartneys' farm in Campbeltown, Scotland, and was the album's title track until Linda suggested Back to the Egg.[35]

Another song composed in Scotland,[36] the fast-tempo[32] "Spin It On" was an obvious acknowledgment of punk and new wave;[37] author Vincent Benitez terms it "McCartney-esque whimsy on punk steroids".[27] Laine's composition "Again and Again and Again" similarly has "echoes of the Clash", according to McCartney biographer Howard Sounes.[37] This song was originally two separate pieces, which Laine combined on McCartney's recommendation.[36]

Although credited to McCartney alone, "Old Siam, Sir" marked "the most collective band involvement" as regards songwriting, Madinger and Easter suggest.[36] Similar in style to "Spin It On", the song features a keyboard riff written by Linda[36] and a Holly-composed middle eight;[38] in addition, Laine helped McCartney complete the composition,[27] an early version of which the previous incarnation of Wings had demoed in July 1976.[39][nb 2] "Arrow Through Me", a track more in keeping with McCartney's melodic pop style,[41] is a song written from the perspective of a rejected lover.[42] With a musical arrangement that eschews guitar backing for synthesizer, Fender Rhodes piano and horns, Benitez views it as "reminiscent of the techno-pop style of Stevie Wonder".[27]

"Over Easy"

Opening side two, "Rockestra Theme" was a composition that McCartney had first recorded in 1974, on the same piano demo tape as "Getting Closer".[43] "Rockestra Theme" is an instrumental – except for the shouted line "Why haven't I had any dinner?", which author Robert Rodriguez describes as a "deliberate evocation" of Glenn Miller's 1940 single "Pennsylvania 6-5000".[24] Another rock track,[44] "To You" includes a lyric aimed at a lover who has wronged the singer.[45] The guitar solo on the recording provides an unusual aspect for a Wings song,[44] in that Juber played the part through an Avonside harmonizer while McCartney simultaneously altered the harmonizer's settings from the studio's control room.[46]

McCartney deemed the two gospel-influenced pieces making up "After the Ball/Million Miles" as being of insufficient quality to merit inclusion as separate tracks;[47] "After the Ball" ends with a guitar solo,[47] edited from parts played by McCartney, Laine and Juber, after which "Million Miles" consists of a performance by McCartney alone, on concertina.[48] This is followed by another medley, "Winter Rose/Love Awake", both portions of which McCartney had demoed at Rude Studio, his home studio at Cambeltown, in 1977.[49][nb 3]

"The Broadcast" is another instrumental,[51] designed to give the impression of several radio signals interlaced.[48] Over a musical backing of piano, mellotron and gizmotron,[48] it features readings taken from the plays The Sport of Kings by Ian Hay and The Little Man by John Galsworthy.[52] As a return to the proposed working-band concept, "So Glad to See You Here", Rodriguez writes, "[evokes] the anticipation of a live act guaranteed to 'knock 'em dead'" and so recalls Wings' 1975–76 show-opening medley "Venus and Mars/Rock Show".[53] During the outro, the band reprise a line from "We're Open Tonight".[45] The album ends with a jazz-inflected[37] ballad, "Baby's Request", which McCartney wrote for American vocal group the Mills Brothers, after seeing them perform in the South of France during the summer of 1978.[48]

Production

The band first rehearsed material for Back to the Egg in London, at the offices of McCartney's company MPL Communications in Soho Square, before carrying out further rehearsals in Scotland, in June 1978.[23] As on his other Wings recordings over 1978–79, Thomas worked with Phil McDonald as his recording engineer, at McCartney's insistence, rather than Bill Price, who was the producer's preferred engineer.[54][nb 4]

Recording and overdubbing

June–July 1978: Spirit of Ranachan Studios

The recording sessions for Back to the Egg began on 29 June 1978 at Spirit of Ranachan Studios[56] – another, larger recording facility on the McCartneys' Campbeltown farm – using equipment loaned from Mickie Most's RAK Studio in London.[57] The basic tracks were recorded with a spontaneity that had been absent in Wings' past work,[35] employing an approach that Juber has described as a "back-to-basics, garage band kind of feel".[21]

Sessions at Spirit of Ranachan lasted until 27 July, during which the band taped and added overdubs to "Arrow Through Me", "Again and Again and Again", "To You", "Winter Rose", "Old Siam, Sir" and "Spin It On".[23] Basic tracks were also completed for "Cage", a song that remained in the proposed running order for the album until early in 1979, "Crawl of the Wild", "Weep for Love", "Ballroom Dancing" and "Maisie".[56] These last three compositions would all appear on solo albums by members of Wings between 1980 and 1982.[58][nb 5]

In addition, the band filmed a promotional video for the London Town single "I've Had Enough" while in Scotland[38][61] and, in early July, recorded demos of twelve pieces intended for the Rupert the Bear film soundtrack.[18] In the case of the latter activity, none of these compositions were revisited for what became Rupert and the Frog Song (1984).[62][nb 6]

Lympne Castle in Kent, where Wings recorded part of Back to the Egg and filmed the video for their single "Old Siam, Sir"

September 1978: Lympne Castle

After a break to allow for school summer holidays,[64] recording recommenced on 11 September at Lympne Castle in Kent, using the RAK mobile recording equipment, as before.[23] The choice of location was partly due to the castle's proximity to the McCartneys' property "Waterfall", in Peasmarsh, East Sussex.[65][66] During sessions lasting through to 29 September,[67] the band recorded "We're Open Tonight", "Love Awake", "After the Ball", "Million Miles", "Reception" and "The Broadcast".[23]

Recording took place mainly in the castle's great hall, with Holly's drum kit positioned in the fireplace.[23] McCartney and Juber taped their acoustic guitar parts for "We're Open Tonight" in a stairwell.[36] Excerpted from books found in the library, the readings for "Reception" and "The Broadcast" were overdubbed in the kitchen and performed by the owners of Lympne Castle,[48] Harold and Dierdre Margary.[68]

October–December 1978: Abbey Road Studios

London's Abbey Road Studios – another location for the album's recording

Sessions moved to Abbey Road Studios in London on 3 October.[69] That day, Wings joined with a supergroup of guest musicians, collectively known as "Rockestra",[42] to record the tracks "Rockestra Theme" and "So Glad to See You Here".[69] A camera crew led by Barry Chattington filmed the proceedings,[40] and a 40-minute documentary, titled Rockestra, was later compiled from the footage.[69] Equipment used for this session included 60 microphones, a pair of mixing consoles and a 16-track recording desk.[40] James Honeyman-Scott of the Pretenders, Hank Marvin of the Shadows, the Who's Pete Townshend, Pink Floyd's David Gilmour, Led Zeppelin's John Paul Jones and John Bonham, and the Attractions' Bruce Thomas all took part.[69] Also among the line-up was the horn section from Wings' 1975–76 world tour, consisting of Howie Casey, Tony Dorsey, Thaddeus Richard and Steve Howard.[40] Keith Moon was meant to participate, but he had died shortly before the session; Jeff Beck and Eric Clapton were also scheduled to appear.[70]

On 10 October, Wings taped "Getting Closer" at Abbey Road, along with a demo[48] of "Baby's Request".[69] McCartney had intended this recording of "Baby's Request" for the Mills Brothers to use as a guide, but after they asked to be paid for recording the song,[71] he instead included the demo on Back to the Egg.[72] The band then continued with overdubs on these and other songs intermittently through October and November, finishing at Abbey Road on 1 December.[73]

December 1978–February 1979: Replica Studio

Towards the end of the year, Wings also carried out overdubs at the newly built Replica Studio, located at MPL's Soho Square offices.[73] Frustrated at the impending unavailability of Abbey Road's Studio Two[30] – which studio owner and record company EMI needed for its other acts, besides Wings[74] – McCartney had constructed an exact replica of Studio Two in the basement at MPL.[75][nb 7] Among the work done on Back to the Egg at Replica, the band replaced the final twenty seconds of "So Glad to See You Here" with what Madinger and Easter describe as "a reggae-styled coda", containing the "We're Open Tonight" reprise.[77]

Sessions continued there in January and February 1979.[78] During that time, the band recorded a non-album single – the disco-styled "Goodnight Tonight", backed with "Daytime Nighttime Suffering" – as a release to coincide with the airing of the long-delayed[79] Wings Over the World special.[80] While noting that McCartney and Laine's relationship was beginning to unravel at this point, Sounes compares the freshness of these new recordings with the drawn-out sessions for Back to the Egg and writes that the album "was now so overworked it might more aptly have been titled Over-Egged".[81] Impatient at the amount of time being spent in the recording studio, Laine publicly admitted that he was "desperate" to go out on tour.[82]

Final overdubbing and mixing

In March, Wings moved back to Abbey Road Studios to complete the album.[30] Vocal overdubs were then added to "Winter Rose/Love Awake"[83] and an orchestral-sounding mellotron part to the end of "Getting Closer".[36] Having worked with the Black Dyke Mills Band in the 1960s, when he produced their 1968 single "Thingumybob" for Apple Records,[84] McCartney invited the band down from Yorkshire to overdub brass accompaniment on "Winter Rose/Love Awake".[85]

While mixing the album during March, Wings finally discarded the song "Cage", which had been sequenced as the second track, following "Reception".[86] The same alternative running order paired the Rockestra recordings at the end of side two, so that the album closed with the "We're Open Tonight" coda.[30] Holly later recalled that whereas beforehand the band had been confident that Back to the Egg would be a strong album, during the final mixing process "[it] dawned on us there might be problems".[87] At the last minute, "Baby's Request" replaced "Cage" and the running order was revised, with the result that the working-band concept became less pronounced.[88]

Album artwork and promotional videos

The design for the album's artwork was by Hipgnosis,[89] the company responsible for previous Wings album covers such as Venus and Mars (1975)[90] and the recent Wings Greatest compilation (1978).[69] The front cover depicts the five members of Wings in a room, looking down through space at Planet Earth through an open hatchway in the floor; the picture was taken by photographer John Shaw[25] at his London studio.[30] Photos of the individual band members appeared on the back cover, credited to Linda and Paul McCartney.[89]

Working with film company Keef & Co., Wings filmed seven promotional videos for the album, which would later be compiled into the Back to the Egg TV special.[91] Filming took place between 4 and 13 June, at locations including Lympne Castle's main hall, a private airfield at Lympne, Camber Sands in East Sussex, and Keef & Co.'s London studios.[92][nb 8] "Old Siam, Sir", "Getting Closer", "Spin It On" and "Arrow Through Me" were among the tracks for which videos were made.[91]

Release

"Goodnight Tonight" had been issued on Columbia Records in America,[94] marking McCartney's break from EMI-affiliated Capitol Records,[95] although he and Wings remained with EMI's Parlophone label in the UK.[96] McCartney's contract with Columbia made him the highest-paid recording artist in the world.[83][97][nb 9] As an incentive for McCartney, Columbia's parent company, CBS, had added to his publishing portfolio by giving him the highly profitable[99] Frank Music catalogue[74] – making McCartney the copyright holder to Guys and Dolls and other popular musicals by Frank Loesser.[100][101]

Back to the Egg was released on 24 May 1979 in the US[102] (as Columbia FC-36057), and on 8 June in the UK (as Parlophone PCTC 257).[25][29][nb 10] In Britain, "Old Siam, Sir" was the album's first single, whereas "Getting Closer" was the choice in America; in both cases, "Spin It On" was the B-side.[104] On 11 June, an album launch party took place inside Abbey Road's Studio Two, which had been blacked-out like a large frying pan, while tables carrying yellow parasols represented fried eggs sitting in the pan.[105] Part of Chattington's Rockestra documentary was screened during the event,[106] the only public airing the film received.[107]

The follow-up singles, issued in August, were "Arrow Through Me" in the US and "Getting Closer" in the UK,[108] the latter release a double A-side with "Baby's Request".[70] In some European countries, "Rockestra Theme" was released as a single.[44]

Compared to the major commercial success of previous Wings albums, sales of Back to the Egg were disappointing,[109][110] and none of its singles became significant hits.[70][111] In the UK, "Old Siam, Sir" and "Getting Closer" climbed to number 35 and number 60, respectively.[112] On America's Billboard Hot 100 chart, "Getting Closer" peaked at number 20, and "Arrow Through Me" at number 29.[113][114] Back to the Egg reached number 6 in the UK[112] and number 8 on the Billboard 200,[114] although US chart compilers Cashbox and Record World both listed it at number 7.[115] With heavy promotion from Columbia, the album sold over 1 million copies in America;[116] in Britain, retail outlets soon slashed its price in an attempt to dispense with their surplus of stock.[117]

McCartney later reflected that for an act other than Wings, sales such as those for Back to the Egg would have been considered "very healthy".[25] Given CBS's substantial investment in their new signing, Madinger and Easter write, the album's apparent failure led to a period of "mutual finger-pointing between Paul and Columbia Records", lasting until his contract expired in 1985.[30][nb 11]

Reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[119]
Robert ChristgauC[120]
Creem(favourable)[121]
Melody Maker(unfavourable)[123]
MusicHound[122]
Rolling Stone(highly unfavourable)[1]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[124]
Smash Hits6/10[125]

Back to the Egg received predominantly negative reviews on release;[21] author Alan Clayson writes of the album receiving "a critical mauling as vicious as that for London Town".[70] In an especially unfavourable critique for Rolling Stone magazine,[126] Timothy White described it as "the sorriest grab bag of dreck in recent memory" and lamented that none of the songs were "the least bit fleshed out", with the listener instead given "an irritating display of disjointed images and unfocused musical snapshots".[1] After opining that, since 1970, "this ex-Beatle has been lending his truly prodigious talents ... to some of the laziest records in the history of rock & roll", White wrote: "Who, one felt compelled to ask, is in charge here? Back to the Egg provides the final, obvious answer: no one."[1]

Music critic Robert Christgau opined of McCartney and the new Wings album: "When he's on, Paulie's abundant tunefulness passes for generosity. Here he's just hoping something will stick."[120] In Melody Maker, Ray Coleman wrote that McCartney "seems to be on a treadmill of banality".[123] Coleman described "Rockestra Theme" and "So Glad to See You Here" as "creditable, rolling, raunchy and at least efficient, with Paul's voice at its rocking best on the last named track", but concluded: "This album gets Wings nowhere ..."[123]

In a more positive assessment for Creem magazine, Mitchell Cohen highlighted the album's second side as "a collection of McCartney performances that string together like abbey roadwork", and praised McCartney's vocals relative to his past work, writing: "all of the current tracks are terser, sung better, have less of what I suppose would be called the recording artist's equivalent of camera consciousness."[121] To NME critic Bob Woffinden, the attempt at an album-wide concept was "a pretty half-baked one" and Hipgnosis' cover photo was "easily the album's strongest point".[52] While identifying the songs as "particularly weak lyrically", Woffinden concluded: "It was the familiar McCartney problem. He had every essential creative requirement, except the discipline required to knead the parts into a perfect whole."[117]

AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine views Back to the Egg as "a set of [McCartney's] most undistinguished songs" that "have no spark whatsoever", and bemoans "the weak sound of the record and Wings' faceless performances".[119] Among McCartney biographers, Vincent Benitez writes that the songs are "uneven in quality",[21] and Howard Sounes describes the album as "a curate's egg, good in parts, with token attempts at sounding contemporary".[110] Tom Doyle views "the new wave-ish rockers" like "Spin It On" as "too smoothed out to be truly edgy" and the two spoken-word tracks as "weird – and not in a good way".[34] Doyle considers that while Back to the Egg has its "moments of inspiration", "There was too much material [recorded during the sessions], and yet not enough of it to gel into a cohesive album."[127]

Aftermath and reissues

These days you talk to some young people and it's really cool if you don't make the charts. It's very alien to my way of thinking ... [But] in a way it's quite cool to have a few albums that didn't make it. I didn't mean [Back to the Egg] to be underground, but it's nice.[128]

– McCartney, 2001, reflecting on the relative failure of the album

With the album falling well short of Columbia's and McCartney's expectations commercially, McCartney spent the remainder of summer 1979 recording in Peasmarsh and Campbeltown, without Wings,[129] creating his solo album McCartney II (1980).[116] During November and December 1979, US TV stations aired the 31-minute Back to the Egg special, as Wings undertook a nineteen-show UK tour,[130] the first leg of the proposed world tour.[4] Among the songs in the setlist, they performed several tracks from Back to the Egg: "Getting Closer", "Again and Again and Again", "Old Siam, Sir", "Spin It On" and "Arrow Through Me".[131]

The band were scheduled to play in Japan during January and February 1980,[4] but the tour was cancelled after McCartney was arrested for possession of drugs when entering the country.[132] Around this time, "Rockestra Theme" won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance.[42] Wings regrouped in October 1980 to finish off songs for the planned Cold Cuts album,[133] a compilation that McCartney had suggested when CBS sought to recover part of its financial losses from Back to the Egg.[134][nb 12] The reunion with Wings was short-lived and the band broke up in April 1981.[136]

On 20 June 1989, by which time McCartney had returned to Capitol Records,[137] Back to the Egg was released on CD in America.[138] In August 1993,[139] Parlophone reissued the album as part of The Paul McCartney Collection with three bonus tracks:[51] "Daytime Nighttime Suffering",[140] McCartney's 1979 Christmas single "Wonderful Christmastime", and the latter's B-side, "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reggae".[141] Samples of "Reception" and "The Broadcast" appeared on The Fireman's Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest (1993) album, a collaboration between McCartney and Youth.[142] In 2007, Back to the Egg was released on iTunes, with a remix of "Goodnight Tonight" as a bonus track.[51]

Track listing

All songs written by Paul McCartney, except where noted.

Original release

Side one ("Sunny Side Up")
  1. "Reception" – 1:08
  2. "Getting Closer" – 3:22
  3. "We're Open Tonight" – 1:28
  4. "Spin It On" – 2:12
  5. "Again and Again and Again" (Denny Laine) – 3:34
  6. "Old Siam, Sir" – 4:11
  7. "Arrow Through Me" – 3:37
Side two ("Over Easy")
  2. "Rockestra Theme" – 2:35
  3. "To You" – 3:12
  4. "After the Ball / Million Miles" – 4:00
  5. "Winter Rose / Love Awake" – 4:58
  6. "The Broadcast" – 1:30
  7. "So Glad to See You Here" – 3:20
  8. "Baby's Request" – 2:49

Reissues

Bonus tracks

1993 The Paul McCartney Collection:

  2. "Daytime Nighttime Suffering" – 3:23
  3. "Wonderful Christmastime" – 3:49
  4. "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reggae" (Johnny Marks) – 1:48

2007 iTunes version:

  2. "Goodnight Tonight" (extended version) – 7:16

Personnel

Wings and additional personnel per Benitez.[143] Rockestra line-up and production per sleeve.[89]

Wings
Additional personnel
Rockestra line-up on "Rockestra Theme" and "So Glad to See You Here"
Production

Accolades

Grammy Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1980 "Rockestra Theme" Best Rock Instrumental Performance[144] Won

Charts and certifications

Notes

  1. ^ The concept of a Wings feature film formed the basis of McCartney's poorly received[8] cinematic release Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984).[9] The Rupert project finally came to fruition in 1984 also,[10] condensed into an animated short titled Rupert and the Frog Song, which played in theatres as the support film to Give My Regards to Broad Street.[11][12]
  2. ^ Laine and Holly each claimed to have written the main guitar riff to "Old Siam, Sir".[40] On the day that Wings recorded the song, a disagreement over this issue almost led to a physical confrontation between the two musicians.[40]
  3. ^ "Million Miles" was another older song of McCartney's, dating from the 1974 demo session, which Madinger and Easter suggest was recorded in Los Angeles.[50]
  4. ^ Among their pre-Back to the Egg recordings together, Wings worked in London on two McCartney songs intended for the 1978 Hollywood films Heaven Can Wait and Same Time Next Year,[38] neither of which were used at the time.[55]
  5. ^ Laine's "Weep for Love" appeared on his album Japanese Tears (1980),[58] McCartney re-recorded "Ballroom Dancing" for Tug of War (1982), and the Juber-composed[59] "Maisie" was included on the guitarist's solo debut, Standard Time (1982).[60]
  6. ^ Of the twelve tracks that Wings recorded, some dated from fragments of songs played by McCartney during, variously, the Beatles' Get Back rehearsals in January 1969, the initial recording for his and Linda's album Ram in 1970, and demo sessions such as that for the 1974 piano tape.[63]
  7. ^ According to Madinger and Easter, McCartney had to make way for block-booked sessions for Cliff Richard's new album, Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile (1979).[30] Doyle writes that the competing project was in fact an album by "EMI's new darling", Kate Bush.[76]
  8. ^ In their section covering the filming, Madinger and Easter list the same locations but give dates of 28 May to 6 June, during which Wings had also returned to Lympne Castle for a second set of recording sessions.[93]
  9. ^ McCartney's royalty rate was 20 per cent of each copy of an album sold, a rate that McGee describes as "remarkable" for that time.[98]
  10. ^ While the US release date was 24 May according to McGee[25] and Beatles Diary compiler Keith Badman,[102] Madinger and Easter give it as 11 June, a week after Columbia issued the album's lead single there.[103]
  11. ^ Columbia had wanted to maximise the album's commercial potential by including "Goodnight Tonight", a worldwide hit,[118] but McCartney had vetoed its inclusion.[30][116]
  12. ^ Originally planned as an Apple Records budget release in 1974,[135] Cold Cuts was turned down by Columbia.[134]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d White, Timothy (23 August 1979). "Paul McCartney Back To The Egg". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  2. ^ McGee, p. 120
  3. ^ Doggett, p. 264
  4. ^ a b c Rodriguez, p. 66
  5. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 239
  6. ^ Clayson, p. 210
  7. ^ Sounes, pp. 345–46
  8. ^ The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, p. 641
  9. ^ Sounes, pp. 345, 383, 396
  10. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 262
  11. ^ Clayson, pp. 210, 211
  12. ^ Sounes, p. 397
  13. ^ Clayson, p. 190
  14. ^ Rodriguez, pp. 217, 220
  15. ^ a b McGee, p. 121
  16. ^ Rodriguez, pp. 217, 219
  17. ^ a b Woffinden, p. 120
  18. ^ a b McGee, p. 122
  19. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 228
  20. ^ Rodriguez, pp. 66, 269
  21. ^ a b c d Benitez, p. 88
  22. ^ Sounes, pp. 344–45
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i Madinger and Easter, p. 240
  24. ^ a b Rodriguez, p. 376
  25. ^ a b c d e McGee, p. 192
  26. ^ Rodriguez, p. 223
  27. ^ a b c d Benitez, p. 90
  28. ^ Rodriguez, pp. 269, 391
  29. ^ a b Madinger and Easter, p. 599
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h Madinger and Easter, p. 241
  31. ^ Benitez, pp. 88–89
  32. ^ a b Williams, Mark (16 June 1979). "Wings: Taking off at Last". Melody Maker. Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
  33. ^ Benitez, p. 89
  34. ^ a b Doyle, p. 174
  35. ^ a b Madinger and Easter, pp. 240, 242
  36. ^ a b c d e f Madinger and Easter, p. 242
  37. ^ a b c Sounes, p. 345
  38. ^ a b c Rodriguez, p. 219
  39. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 223–24
  40. ^ a b c d e McGee, p. 123
  41. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 243
  42. ^ a b c Benitez, p. 91
  43. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 193–94, 599
  44. ^ a b c Madinger and Easter, p. 244
  45. ^ a b Benitez, p. 92
  46. ^ Benitez, pp. 92–93
  47. ^ a b Benitez, p. 93
  48. ^ a b c d e f Madinger and Easter, p. 245
  49. ^ Benitez, p. 94
  50. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 193–94
  51. ^ a b c Benitez, p. 95
  52. ^ a b Woffinden, p. 121
  53. ^ Rodriguez, pp. 62–63, 269, 376
  54. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 238
  55. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 237, 238
  56. ^ a b Badman, p. 223
  57. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 223, 240
  58. ^ a b McGee, p. 226
  59. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 246
  60. ^ Badman, pp. 223, 264–65
  61. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 232–33
  62. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 239, 262
  63. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 239–40
  64. ^ Badman, pp. 223–24
  65. ^ Sounes, pp. 306–07, 346
  66. ^ Doyle, pp. 173–74
  67. ^ Badman, p. 225
  68. ^ Benitez, pp. 89, 94
  69. ^ a b c d e f Badman, p. 226
  70. ^ a b c d Clayson, p. 191
  71. ^ Perasi, pp. 184–86
  72. ^ Clayson, pp. 191–92
  73. ^ a b Madinger and Easter, pp. 240–41
  74. ^ a b Sounes, p. 348
  75. ^ Badman, p. 227
  76. ^ Doyle, pp. 176–77
  77. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 241, 245
  78. ^ Badman, p. 229
  79. ^ McGee, p. 127
  80. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 246, 247
  81. ^ Sounes, pp. 347–48
  82. ^ Doyle, p. 177
  83. ^ a b Badman, p. 230
  84. ^ Spizer, p. 342
  85. ^ Sounes, pp. 216, 348
  86. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 241, 247
  87. ^ McGee, p. 128
  88. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 240, 241
  89. ^ a b c Back to the Egg (inner sleeve credits). Wings. MPL Communications. 1979. PCTC 257.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  90. ^ Spizer, pp. 197, 199
  91. ^ a b Madinger and Easter, p. 247
  92. ^ Badman, pp. 233, 234
  93. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 247–48
  94. ^ Badman, pp. 230, 232
  95. ^ McGee, pp. 125, 126
  96. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 246, 247, 590
  97. ^ Doyle, p. 178
  98. ^ McGee, p. 126
  99. ^ Doggett, p. 263
  100. ^ Clayson, p. 200
  101. ^ McGee, pp. 125–26, 147–48
  102. ^ a b Badman, p. 232
  103. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 594, 599
  104. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 590, 594
  105. ^ Badman, p. 233
  106. ^ McGee, pp. 127–28
  107. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 243, 244
  108. ^ Badman, p. 235
  109. ^ Woffinden, pp. 117, 118, 124
  110. ^ a b c Sounes, p. 352
  111. ^ Rodriguez, p. 269
  112. ^ a b c "Artist: Paul McCartney". Official Chart Company. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  113. ^ The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, p. 640
  114. ^ a b c "Back to the Egg > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums". AllMusic. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  115. ^ McGee, p. 233
  116. ^ a b c McGee, pp. 127, 128
  117. ^ a b Woffinden, p. 124
  118. ^ Rodriguez, p. 389
  119. ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Paul McCartney/Wings Back to the Egg". AllMusic. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  120. ^ a b Christgau, Robert. "CG: Wings". robertchristgau.com. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  121. ^ a b Cohen, Mitchell (September 1979). "Wings: Back To The Egg (Columbia)". Creem. Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
  122. ^ Graff and Durchholz, p. 731
  123. ^ a b c Hunt, Chris, ed. (2005). "Chapter 4: 1976–1980". NME Originals: Beatles – The Solo Years 1970–1980. London: IPC Ignite!. p. 123.
  124. ^ "Paul McCartney: Album Guide". rollingstone.com. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  125. ^ Starr, Red. "Albums". Smash Hits. p. 25. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  126. ^ Woffinden, pp. 121, 124
  127. ^ Doyle, pp. 174, 209
  128. ^ Du Noyer, Paul (2003). "Alone Again, or ...". Mojo: The Beatles' Final Years Special Edition. London: Emap. p. 64.
  129. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 241, 248–49
  130. ^ Badman, pp. 238, 239
  131. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 254
  132. ^ McGee, p. 135
  133. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 260
  134. ^ a b Sounes, p. 265
  135. ^ Spizer, p. 199
  136. ^ Benitez, p. 97
  137. ^ The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, p. 639
  138. ^ Badman, p. 425
  139. ^ Badman, p. 508
  140. ^ Ingham, p. 143
  141. ^ Madinger and Easter, pp. 207, 251, 608
  142. ^ Madinger and Easter, p. 350
  143. ^ Benitez, pp. 88–94
  144. ^ "Past Winners Search". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  145. ^ a b Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  146. ^ "Wings – Back to the Egg" (in German). austriancharts.at. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  147. ^ "RPM 100 Albums (11 August 1979)". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  148. ^ "Wings – Back to the Egg" (in Dutch). dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
  149. ^ "InfoDisc: Tous les Albums classés par Artiste > Choisir Un Artiste Dans la Liste: Wings". infodisc.fr. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
  150. ^ a b "Hit Parade Italia – Gli album più venduti del 1979" (in Italian). hitparadeitalia.it. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  151. ^ a b Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970–2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.
  152. ^ "Wings – Back to the Egg". charts.org.nz. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  153. ^ "Wings – Back to the Egg". norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
  154. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  155. ^ "Wings – Back to the Egg" (in Swedish). swedishcharts.com. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  156. ^ "Wings, Back to the Egg" (in German). charts.de. Retrieved 4 November 2013.
  157. ^ "RPM Top 100 Albums of 1979". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  158. ^ "Les Albums (CD) de 1979 par InfoDisc" (PHP) (in French). infodisc.fr. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  159. ^ "Canadian album certifications – Wings – Back to the Egg". Music Canada.
  160. ^ id MUST BE PROVIDED for UK CERTIFICATION.
  161. ^ "American album certifications – Wings – Back to the Egg". Recording Industry Association of America.

Sources

  • Badman, Keith (2001). The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After the Break-Up 1970–2001. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-8307-6.
  • Benitez, Vincent P. (2010). The Words and Music of Paul McCartney: The Solo Years. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-34969-0.
  • Clayson, Alan (2003). Paul McCartney. London: Sanctuary. ISBN 1-86074-482-6.
  • Doggett, Peter (2011). You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup. New York, NY: It Books. ISBN 978-0-06-177418-8.
  • Doyle, Tom (2013). Man on the Run: Paul McCartney in the 1970s. New York, NY: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-7914-0.
  • Graff, Gary; Durchholz, Daniel (eds) (1999). MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide. Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press. ISBN 1-57859-061-2. {{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  • Ingham, Chris (2003). The Rough Guide to the Beatles (1st ed.). London: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84353-140-1.
  • McGee, Garry (2003). Band on the Run: A History of Paul McCartney and Wings. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-87833-304-2.
  • Madinger, Chip; Easter, Mark (2000). Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium. Chesterfield, MO: 44.1 Productions. ISBN 0-615-11724-4.
  • The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. New York, NY: Fireside/Rolling Stone Press. 1995. ISBN 0-684-81044-1.
  • Perasi, Luca (2013). Paul McCartney: Recording Sessions (1969–2013). [S.l.]: L.I.L.Y. Publishing. ISBN 978-88-909122-1-4.
  • Rodriguez, Robert (2010). Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980. Milwauke, WI: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-968-8.
  • Sounes, Howard (2010). Fab: An Intimate Life of Paul McCartney. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-723705-0.
  • Spizer, Bruce (2005). The Beatles Solo on Apple Records. New Orleans, LA: 498 Productions. ISBN 0-9662649-5-9.
  • Woffinden, Bob (1981). The Beatles Apart. London: Proteus. ISBN 0-906071-89-5.
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