Fannie Bay Gaol

Fannie Bay Gaol

Location	Darwin, Northern Territory
Status	Closed
Security class	Minimum and Maximum Security
Capacity	?
Opened	1883
Closed	1979
Managed by	Northern Territory Department of Community Development, Sport & Cultural Affairs

Fannie Bay Gaol is a historic gaol in Darwin, Australia. The gaol operated as Her Majesty's Gaol and Labour Prison, from 20 September 1883 until 1 September 1979. The last executions in Darwin were held at Fannie Bay Gaol in 1952, when Jerry Coci and Jonus Novotny, Czechoslovakian immigrants, were hanged for the murder of a taxi driver.

The gallows were constructed especially for this execution, in the infirmary. A pit was dug into the floor at one end of the building, with brick walls either side to support the beam. A small trapdoor and flight of steps led down into the pit for the doctor to examine the bodies after the drop. The prisoners were held in wire cages at the other end of the infirmary prior to execution.

The gallows remain on public view, and visitors can push the lever that operated the trap. The prison was damaged, along with much of Darwin, by Cyclone Tracy in 1974.

At first they had no place to put the female prisoners but then there was built another building. Male and female prisoners were held in separate buildings. The female prison block included a small garden designed to keep the prisoners busy. There was also a block for children, which in the early 1970s was also used for refugees who had arrived by boat.

Two cells were placed in the middle of the lawn for violent or mentally ill inmates. These cells included a small yard encased with cyclone fencing. Maximum security cells included hooks mounted into the walls for the restraint of inmates and very narrow doorways to prevent inmates escaping when a guard entered.

The gaol is now a museum open to the public.

Notable prisoners

• Harold Nelson – imprisoned in 1921 for his 'no taxation without representation' campaign, that ultimately led to the Darwin Rebellion.
• Nemarluk was wanted for the murder of three Japanese fishers from the Ouida near modern day Wadeye in 1930 but evaded capture for two years. Eventually caught and awaiting trial, he escaped from a prison work party and was at large for a further six months. Although sentenced to hang, the sentence was commuted but he died of pneumonia while still serving time.

Bibliography

• Dewar, Mickey (1999). Inside-Out: A Social History of Fannie Bay Gaol. Darwin: NTU Press.
• Forrest, Peter (2002). "Last Men to Hang for Murder." Northern Territory News. 6 August.
• O'Toole, Sean (2006). The History of Australian Corrections. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.

See also

• List of Australian prisons
• Fannie Bay, Northern Territory

External links

• Fannie Bay Gaol - Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory