Lymphatic endothelium: Difference between revisions
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The '''lymphatic endothelium''' is a specialised form of [[epithelium]], distinct from but similar to [[endothelium|vascular endothelium]]. A [[lymph]] [[capillary]] endothelial cell is distinct from other endothelial cells in that [[collagen fiber]]s are directly attached to its [[plasma membrane]]. |
The '''lymphatic endothelium''' is a specialised form of [[epithelium]], distinct from but similar to [[endothelium|vascular endothelium]]. A [[lymph]] [[capillary]] endothelial cell is distinct from other endothelial cells in that [[collagen fiber]]s are directly attached to its [[plasma membrane]]. |
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Although [[lymphatic]]s were first described by [[Hippocrates]] in 400BC and rediscovered as "milky veins in the gut of a well fed dog" in the 17th century by [[Gasparo Aselli]], they were ignored for centuries until in 1937 [[Howard Florey]] showed that lymphatics enlarge in inflammation. At this stage vascular and lymphatic endothelia were seen to be morphologically distinct and lymphatic vessels considered less important. Later it was discovered that [[VEGF-R3]] and [[VEGF-C]]/[[VEGF-D]] were the key growth factors controlling lymphatic endothelial proliferation. Markers of lymphatic endolthelium were not discovered until relatively recently. These being [[LYVE-1]] (Jackson et al.,1999)<ref name="J.Cell Biol">{{cite |
Although [[lymphatic]]s were first described by [[Hippocrates]] in 400BC and rediscovered as "milky veins in the gut of a well fed dog" in the 17th century by [[Gasparo Aselli]], they were ignored for centuries until in 1937 [[Howard Florey]] showed that lymphatics enlarge in inflammation. At this stage vascular and lymphatic endothelia were seen to be morphologically distinct and lymphatic vessels considered less important. Later it was discovered that [[VEGF-R3]] and [[VEGF-C]]/[[VEGF-D]] were the key growth factors controlling lymphatic endothelial proliferation. Markers of lymphatic endolthelium were not discovered until relatively recently. These being [[LYVE-1]] (Jackson et al.,1999)<ref name="J.Cell Biol">{{cite journal | title = J.Cell Biol: LYVE-1, a new homologue of the CD44 glycoprotein, is a lymph-specific receptor for hyaluronan 1| journal = The Journal of Cell Biology| volume = 144| issue = 4| pages = 789–801| doi = 10.1083/jcb.144.4.789| year = 1999| last1 = Banerji| first1 = Suneale| last2 = Ni| first2 = Jian| last3 = Wang| first3 = Shu-Xia| last4 = Clasper| first4 = Steven| last5 = Su| first5 = Jeffrey| last6 = Tammi| first6 = Raija| last7 = Jones| first7 = Margaret| last8 = Jackson| first8 = David G.}}</ref> and [[PDPN|podoplanin]] (Kerjaschki,1999).<ref name="American Journal of Pathology">{{cite web | title = Am. J. Pathol: Angiosarcomas express mixed endothelial phenotypes of blood and lymphatic capillaries: podoplanin as a specific marker for lymphatic andothelium 2| url = http://ajp.amjpathol.org/cgi/content/full/154/2/385?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&titleabstract=Angiosarcomas+express+mixed+endothelial+phenotypes+of+blood+and+lymphatic+capill&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&firstpage=385&fdate=1/1/1999&tdate=12/31/1999&resourcetype=HWCIT| accessdate = }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*{{cite journal | author=Kimura K |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55–65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 | pmc=1356129 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Wakamatsu A | author3=Suzuki Y | display-authors=3 | last4=Ota | first4=T | last5=Nishikawa | first5=T | last6=Yamashita | first6=R | last7=Yamamoto | first7=J | last8=Sekine | first8=M | last9=Tsuritani | first9=K }} |
*{{cite journal | author=Kimura K |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55–65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 | pmc=1356129 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Wakamatsu A | author3=Suzuki Y | display-authors=3 | last4=Ota | first4=T | last5=Nishikawa | first5=T | last6=Yamashita | first6=R | last7=Yamamoto | first7=J | last8=Sekine | first8=M | last9=Tsuritani | first9=K }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Nguyen VA |title=Infantile hemangioma is a proliferation of LYVE-1-negative blood endothelial cells without lymphatic competence |journal=Mod. Pathol. |volume=19 |issue= 2 |pages= 291–298 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16424896 |doi= 10.1038/modpathol.3800537 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Kutzner H | author3=Fürhapter C | display-authors=3 | last4=Tzankov | first4=Alexandar | last5=Sepp | first5=Norbert }} |
*{{cite journal | author=Nguyen VA |title=Infantile hemangioma is a proliferation of LYVE-1-negative blood endothelial cells without lymphatic competence |journal=Mod. Pathol. |volume=19 |issue= 2 |pages= 291–298 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16424896 |doi= 10.1038/modpathol.3800537 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Kutzner H | author3=Fürhapter C | display-authors=3 | last4=Tzankov | first4=Alexandar | last5=Sepp | first5=Norbert }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Gu B |title=Expression of lymphatic vascular endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) in the human placenta |journal=Lymphatic |
*{{cite journal | author=Gu B |title=Expression of lymphatic vascular endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) in the human placenta |journal=Lymphatic Research and Biology |volume=4 |issue= 1 |pages= 11–17 |year= 2007 |pmid= 16569201 |doi= 10.1089/lrb.2006.4.11 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Alexander JS | author3=Gu Y | display-authors=3 | last4=Zhang | first4=Yanping | last5=Lewis | first5=David F. | last6=Wang | first6=Yuping | pmc=3072054 }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Llovet JM |title=A molecular signature to discriminate dysplastic nodules from early hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV cirrhosis |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=131 |issue= 6 |pages= 1758–1767 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17087938 |doi= 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.014 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Chen Y | author3=Wurmbach E | display-authors=3 | last4=Roayaie | first4=Sasan | last5=Fiel | first5=M. Isabel | last6=Schwartz | first6=Myron | last7=Thung | first7=Swan N. | last8=Khitrov | first8=Gregory | last9=Zhang | first9=Weijia }} |
*{{cite journal | author=Llovet JM |title=A molecular signature to discriminate dysplastic nodules from early hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV cirrhosis |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=131 |issue= 6 |pages= 1758–1767 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17087938 |doi= 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.014 |name-list-format=vanc | author2=Chen Y | author3=Wurmbach E | display-authors=3 | last4=Roayaie | first4=Sasan | last5=Fiel | first5=M. Isabel | last6=Schwartz | first6=Myron | last7=Thung | first7=Swan N. | last8=Khitrov | first8=Gregory | last9=Zhang | first9=Weijia }} |
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Revision as of 18:48, 20 February 2019
The lymphatic endothelium is a specialised form of epithelium, distinct from but similar to vascular endothelium. A lymph capillary endothelial cell is distinct from other endothelial cells in that collagen fibers are directly attached to its plasma membrane.
Although lymphatics were first described by Hippocrates in 400BC and rediscovered as "milky veins in the gut of a well fed dog" in the 17th century by Gasparo Aselli, they were ignored for centuries until in 1937 Howard Florey showed that lymphatics enlarge in inflammation. At this stage vascular and lymphatic endothelia were seen to be morphologically distinct and lymphatic vessels considered less important. Later it was discovered that VEGF-R3 and VEGF-C/VEGF-D were the key growth factors controlling lymphatic endothelial proliferation. Markers of lymphatic endolthelium were not discovered until relatively recently. These being LYVE-1 (Jackson et al.,1999)[1] and podoplanin (Kerjaschki,1999).[2]
See also
References
- ^ Banerji, Suneale; Ni, Jian; Wang, Shu-Xia; Clasper, Steven; Su, Jeffrey; Tammi, Raija; Jones, Margaret; Jackson, David G. (1999). "J.Cell Biol: LYVE-1, a new homologue of the CD44 glycoprotein, is a lymph-specific receptor for hyaluronan 1". The Journal of Cell Biology. 144 (4): 789–801. doi:10.1083/jcb.144.4.789.
- ^ "Am. J. Pathol: Angiosarcomas express mixed endothelial phenotypes of blood and lymphatic capillaries: podoplanin as a specific marker for lymphatic andothelium 2".
Further reading
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