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Known as the priest of [[Bozzolo]], he was one of the most striking people of Italian Catholicism in the first part of the [[20th century]].{{who|date=November 2016}} His thoughts anticipated some of the orientations of the [[Second Vatican Council]], especially about the "''Church of the Poor''", religious freedom, and pluralism.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/or_quo/cultura/081q05a1.html |title=Che fatica star dietro a quel prete|publisher=''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]''| date= 8 April 2009 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>
Known as the priest of [[Bozzolo]], he was one of the most striking people of Italian Catholicism in the first part of the [[20th century]].{{who|date=November 2016}} His thoughts anticipated some of the orientations of the [[Second Vatican Council]], especially about the "''Church of the Poor''", religious freedom, and pluralism.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/or_quo/cultura/081q05a1.html |title=Che fatica star dietro a quel prete|publisher=''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]''| date= 8 April 2009 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>


From the beginning of the 1950s, don Primo developed a social thought close to the disadvantaged classes (where no one lives apart from charity) and pacifism, which earned him the critics and sanctions from ecclesiastical authorities and led him to a marginalization in his own parish of Bozzolo.
From the start of the 1950s, don Primo developed a social doctrine with a close empathy towards the disadvantaged (where a lot of people depend on charity) and pacifism, which earned him criticism and sanctions from the ecclesiastical authorities and led him to be marginalized in his own parish of Bozzolo.


In 1955, with the anonymous publication of ''Tu non uccidere'' (You, don't kill), don Primo attacked the [[Just War Theory Doctrine|doctrine of just war]] and the ideology of victory, in the name of nonviolence, to support a Movement "''... of Christian resistance against war ...''" and for justice and peace.
In 1955, with the anonymous publication of ''Tu non uccidere'' (You, don't kill), don Primo attacked the [[Just War Theory Doctrine|doctrine of just war]] and the ideology of victory, in the name of nonviolence, to support a Movement "''... of Christian resistance against war ...''" and for justice and peace.


It was only at the end of 1950s, in the last months of his life, that don Primo began to receive the first approbation of the ecclesiastical hierarchy. In November 1957, the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|archbishop of Milan]] Montini, future pope [[Paul VI]], called him to preach in his diocese.
It was only at the end of 1950s, in the last months of his life, that don Primo began to receive the first approval of the ecclesiastical authorities. In November 1957, the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|archbishop of Milan]] Montini, future pope [[Paul VI]], called on him to preach in his diocese.


In February [[1959]], pope [[John XXIII]] received him in a private audience and publicly called him as "''Tromba dello spirito santo nella Bassa Padana''" (Trumpet of the [[Holy Spirit]] in Bassa Padana).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://azionecattolica.it/mazzolari-resistenza-e-costruire-luomo|title=Mazzolari: Resistenza è "costruire l'uomo"|publisher=Azione Cattolica Italiana| date= 22 April 2015 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>
In February [[1959]], pope [[John XXIII]] received him in a private audience and publicly called him "''Tromba dello spirito santo nella Bassa Padana''" (Trumpet of the [[Holy Spirit]] in Bassa Padana).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://azionecattolica.it/mazzolari-resistenza-e-costruire-luomo|title=Mazzolari: Resistenza è "costruire l'uomo"|publisher=Azione Cattolica Italiana| date= 22 April 2015 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>


== Life ==
== Life ==


Born in 1890, he was ordained a priest by bishop Giacinto Gaggia in 1912. In 1915 he was soldier during the [[First World War]] and became a [[military chaplain]] in 1918.
Born in 1890, he was ordained a priest by bishop Giacinto Gaggia in 1912. In 1915 he was a soldier during the [[First World War]] and became a [[military chaplain]] in 1918.


On 1921 he was appointed parson in Cicognara, hamlet of of [[Viadana]], in Lombardy. In 1925 he was denounced by the [[fascists]] because he refused to sing the [[Te Deum]] after the attempted attack against [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]] by [[Tito Zaniboni]].
On 1921 he was appointed parson in Cicognara, hamlet of [[Viadana]], in Lombardy. In 1925 he was denounced by the [[fascists]] because he refused to sing the [[Te Deum]] after the attempted attack against [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]] by [[Tito Zaniboni]].


On the night of 1 August 1931, he was called from outside of his presbytery and was shot at twice by a revolver; both bullets missed.
On the night of 1 August 1931, he was called from the outside of his presbytery and was shot at twice by a revolver; both bullets missed.


On 1932, he was transferred to the parish of [[Bozzolo]], where he spent the rest of his life.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.30giorni.it/articoli_id_20834_l1.htm|title=Profilo biografico di don Primo Mazzolari (1890-1959)|publisher=30giorni.it| date= 1 March 2009 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>
On 1932, he was transferred to the parish of [[Bozzolo]], where he spent the rest of his life.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.30giorni.it/articoli_id_20834_l1.htm|title=Profilo biografico di don Primo Mazzolari (1890-1959)|publisher=30giorni.it| date= 1 March 2009 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>


After 8 September [[1943]], he was active in the struggle for liberation and encouraged young people to participate. He saved people from deportation. In July 1944, he was imprisoned by the police, then released. He was forced by the fascists to live in a clandestine manner until [[Liberation Day (Italy)|25 April 1945]].
From 8 September [[1943]], he was active in the struggle to liberate Italy and encouraged young people to participate. He saved many people from deportation. In July 1944, he was imprisoned by the police and then released. He was forced by the fascists to live in an isolated manner until [[Liberation Day (Italy)|25 April 1945]].


After the [[Second World War]], the [[ANPI|National Association of the Partisans of Italy]] of [[Cremona]] granted him the title of [[Partisan (military)|partisan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anpi.it/donne-e-uomini/533/don-primo-mazzolari|title=Donne e uomini della Resistenza - Don Primo Mazzolari|publisher=ANPI| date= 25 July 2010 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>
After the [[Second World War]], the [[ANPI|National Association of the Partisans of Italy]] of [[Cremona]] granted him the title of [[Partisan (military)|partisan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anpi.it/donne-e-uomini/533/don-primo-mazzolari|title=Donne e uomini della Resistenza - Don Primo Mazzolari|publisher=ANPI| date= 25 July 2010 |accessdate=16 November 2016}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:53, 16 November 2016

The Reverend Father

Primo Mazzolari
Bust that Municipality of Cremona dedicated to father Primo Mazzolari
ChurchCatholic Church
Orders
Ordination24 August 1912
Personal details
Born
Primo Mazzolari

(1890-01-13)13 January 1890
Cremona, Italy
Died12 April 1959(1959-04-12) (aged 69)
Bozzolo, Italy
BuriedSt Peter's church, Bozzolo
NationalityItalian
DenominationCatholic (Latin Church)
Coat of armsPrimo Mazzolari's coat of arms
Ordination history of
Primo Mazzolari
History
Priestly ordination
Ordained byBishop Giacinto Gaggia
Date24 August 1912
PlaceVerolanuova

Primo Mazzolari (13 January 1890 – 12 April 1959), best known as don Primo, was an Italian priest of the Catholic Church. He was also a partisan and writer who established the review Adesso ("Now") in 1949.

Known as the priest of Bozzolo, he was one of the most striking people of Italian Catholicism in the first part of the 20th century.[who?] His thoughts anticipated some of the orientations of the Second Vatican Council, especially about the "Church of the Poor", religious freedom, and pluralism.[1]

From the start of the 1950s, don Primo developed a social doctrine with a close empathy towards the disadvantaged (where a lot of people depend on charity) and pacifism, which earned him criticism and sanctions from the ecclesiastical authorities and led him to be marginalized in his own parish of Bozzolo.

In 1955, with the anonymous publication of Tu non uccidere (You, don't kill), don Primo attacked the doctrine of just war and the ideology of victory, in the name of nonviolence, to support a Movement "... of Christian resistance against war ..." and for justice and peace.

It was only at the end of 1950s, in the last months of his life, that don Primo began to receive the first approval of the ecclesiastical authorities. In November 1957, the archbishop of Milan Montini, future pope Paul VI, called on him to preach in his diocese.

In February 1959, pope John XXIII received him in a private audience and publicly called him "Tromba dello spirito santo nella Bassa Padana" (Trumpet of the Holy Spirit in Bassa Padana).[2]

Life

Born in 1890, he was ordained a priest by bishop Giacinto Gaggia in 1912. In 1915 he was a soldier during the First World War and became a military chaplain in 1918.

On 1921 he was appointed parson in Cicognara, hamlet of Viadana, in Lombardy. In 1925 he was denounced by the fascists because he refused to sing the Te Deum after the attempted attack against Mussolini by Tito Zaniboni.

On the night of 1 August 1931, he was called from the outside of his presbytery and was shot at twice by a revolver; both bullets missed.

On 1932, he was transferred to the parish of Bozzolo, where he spent the rest of his life.[3]

From 8 September 1943, he was active in the struggle to liberate Italy and encouraged young people to participate. He saved many people from deportation. In July 1944, he was imprisoned by the police and then released. He was forced by the fascists to live in an isolated manner until 25 April 1945.

After the Second World War, the National Association of the Partisans of Italy of Cremona granted him the title of partisan.[4]

Bibliography

  • Il mio parroco. Confidenze di un povero prete di campagna (1932, Dehoniane)
  • La più bella avventura. Sulla traccia del 'prodigo' (1934, Dehoniane)
  • Lettera sulla parrocchia. Invito alla discussione (1937, Dehoniane)
  • Il samaritano. Elevazioni per gli uomini del nostro tempo (1938, Dehoniane)
  • I lontani. Motivi di apostolato avventuroso (1938, Dehoniane)
  • Tra l'argine e il bosco (1938, Dehoniane)
  • La via crucis del povero (1938, Dehoniane)
  • Tempo di credere (1941, Dehoniane; re-edit. 2010 EDB)
  • Anch'io voglio bene al Papa (1942, Dehoniane)
  • Dietro la Croce (1942, Dehoniane)
  • Impegno con Cristo (1943, Dehoniane)
  • La Samaritana (1944, Dehoniane)
  • Il compagno Cristo. Vangelo del reduce (1945, Dehoniane)
  • La pieve sull'argine (1952, Dehoniane)
  • Il segno dei chiodi (1954, Dehoniane)
  • La parola che non passa (1954, Dehoniane)
  • Tu non uccidere (1955, San Paolo)
  • La parrocchia (1957, La Locusta)
  • I preti sanno morire (1958, Dehoniane)
  • La Carità Del Papa, Pio XII e la ricostruzione dell'Italia, (Edizioni Paoline, 1991)
  • Della Fede (1943; re-edit. 2013 EDB)

Filmography

The Italian fictional TV series, L'uomo dell'argine is about don Primo's life.

  • St Peter's church, in Bozzolo, wher don Primo is buried.
    St Peter's church, in Bozzolo, wher don Primo is buried.

References

  1. ^ "Che fatica star dietro a quel prete". L'Osservatore Romano. 8 April 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2016. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  2. ^ "Mazzolari: Resistenza è "costruire l'uomo"". Azione Cattolica Italiana. 22 April 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  3. ^ "Profilo biografico di don Primo Mazzolari (1890-1959)". 30giorni.it. 1 March 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  4. ^ "Donne e uomini della Resistenza - Don Primo Mazzolari". ANPI. 25 July 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
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